JP5918273B2 - 工業的電気化学的方法における酸素発生用電極 - Google Patents
工業的電気化学的方法における酸素発生用電極 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5918273B2 JP5918273B2 JP2013550860A JP2013550860A JP5918273B2 JP 5918273 B2 JP5918273 B2 JP 5918273B2 JP 2013550860 A JP2013550860 A JP 2013550860A JP 2013550860 A JP2013550860 A JP 2013550860A JP 5918273 B2 JP5918273 B2 JP 5918273B2
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- oxide
- tantalum
- iridium
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910004537 TaCl5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 12
- OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I tantalum(v) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ta](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl OEIMLTQPLAGXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 12
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
200×200×3mmの大きさのグレード1のチタンシートを脱脂し、最初に70〜100μmの表面粗さ値Rzが得られるまで鉄グリットでサンドブラストし、次に20重量%のHCl中90〜100℃の温度で20分間エッチングした。
200×200×3mmの大きさのグレード1のチタンシートを脱脂し、最初に70〜100μmの表面粗さ値Rzが得られるまで鉄グリットでサンドブラストし、次に20重量%のHCl中90〜100℃の温度で20分間エッチングした。
200×200×3mmの大きさのグレード1のチタンシートを脱脂し、最初に70〜100μmの表面粗さ値Rzが得られるまで鉄グリットでサンドブラストし、次に20重量%のHCl中90〜100℃の温度で20分間エッチングした。
200×200×3mmの大きさのグレード1のチタンシートを脱脂し、最初に70〜100μmの表面粗さ値Rzが得られるまで鉄グリットでサンドブラストし、次に20重量%のHCl中90〜100℃の温度で20分間エッチングした。
200×200×3mmの大きさのグレード1のチタンシートを脱脂し、最初に70〜100μmの表面粗さ値Rzが得られるまで鉄グリットでサンドブラストし、次に20重量%のHCl中90〜100℃の温度で20分間エッチングした。
200×200×3mmの大きさのグレード1のチタンシートを脱脂し、最初に70〜100μmの表面粗さ値Rzが得られるまで鉄グリットでサンドブラストし、次に20重量%のHCl中90〜100℃の温度で20分間エッチングした。
Claims (8)
- バルブ金属基材と、金属を基準としてIrが60〜70%、Taが30〜40%のモル組成を有するイリジウムおよびタンタルの酸化物の第1の層を含む触媒コーティングと、2〜7g/m2の単一のバルブ金属酸化物からなる外部コーティングとを含み、
前記第1の層と前記外部コーティングとの間に介在して、前記触媒コーティングが、金属を基準としてIrが76〜84%、Taが15〜23%、Tiが0.2〜1.3%のモル組成を有するイリジウム、タンタル、およびチタンの酸化物の第2の層をさらに含む、
電気化学的方法における酸素発生用電極。 - 前記バルブ金属酸化物が、酸化タンタル、酸化スズおよび酸化ジルコニウムからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の電極。
- 前記外部コーティングが、酸化タンタル、酸化スズ、および酸化ジルコニウムの中から選択される2.9〜3.5g/m2のバルブ金属酸化物からなる、請求項2に記載の電極。
- 前記触媒コーティングのイリジウムの面積あたりの使用量が5〜50g/m2である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記基材と前記触媒コーティングとの間に介在する、チタンまたはタンタルの酸化物を主成分とする中間保護層を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記触媒コーティングのイリジウムの面積あたりの使用量が8〜15g/m2である、請求項5に記載の電極。
- タンタルまたはスズまたはジルコニウムの前駆体を含有する溶液を塗布し、続いて熱分解させることによって、前記外部コーティングを形成するステップを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の電極の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の電極上で、電解槽からアノードで酸素を発生させるステップを含む、工業的電気化学的方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI2011A000089 | 2011-01-26 | ||
IT000089A ITMI20110089A1 (it) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Elettrodo per evoluzione di ossigeno in processi elettrochimici industriali |
PCT/EP2012/051079 WO2012101141A1 (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2012-01-25 | Electrode for oxygen evolution in industrial electrochemical processes |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014507563A JP2014507563A (ja) | 2014-03-27 |
JP2014507563A5 JP2014507563A5 (ja) | 2016-03-24 |
JP5918273B2 true JP5918273B2 (ja) | 2016-05-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2013550860A Active JP5918273B2 (ja) | 2011-01-26 | 2012-01-25 | 工業的電気化学的方法における酸素発生用電極 |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130306489A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2668315B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5918273B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101789358B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103328689B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR084772A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2012210549B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112013018556B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2824815C (ja) |
EA (1) | EA023880B1 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1187963A1 (ja) |
IT (1) | ITMI20110089A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX354202B (ja) |
MY (1) | MY176682A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2668315T3 (ja) |
SG (2) | SG10201510610RA (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI579410B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012101141A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20122035A1 (it) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-05-30 | Industrie De Nora Spa | Elettrodo per evoluzione di ossigeno in processi elettrochimici industriali |
KR102433461B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-21 | 2022-08-17 | 에보쿠아 워터 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 | 2층 코팅을 가지는 전극, 이의 사용 및 제조 방법 |
DK3228731T3 (da) | 2014-11-10 | 2020-05-25 | Nat Univ Corp Yokohama Nat Univ | Oxygen-genererende anode |
TWI730967B (zh) * | 2015-06-23 | 2021-06-21 | 義商第諾拉工業公司 | 電解過程中適於釋氧用之電極,以及從水溶液陰極電沉積金屬之製法 |
CN106367779A (zh) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-02-01 | 南昌专腾科技有限公司 | 一种多孔钛基电极材料及其制备方法 |
CN107829109B (zh) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-09-27 | 上海同臣环保有限公司 | 一种钛基二氧化铱涂层电极及其制备方法 |
WO2020041575A1 (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2020-02-27 | The University Of North Carolina At Greensboro | Compositions and methods for enhancing electrocatalytic efficiencies |
CN112553657B (zh) * | 2019-09-10 | 2023-06-02 | 马赫内托特殊阳极(苏州)有限公司 | 一种电极及其制备方法和用途 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6022075B2 (ja) * | 1983-01-31 | 1985-05-30 | ペルメレック電極株式会社 | 耐久性を有する電解用電極及びその製造方法 |
IT1208128B (it) * | 1984-11-07 | 1989-06-06 | Alberto Pellegri | Elettrodo per uso in celle elettrochimiche, procedimento per la sua preparazione ed uso nell'elettrolisi del cloruro disodio. |
US5156726A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1992-10-20 | Tdk Corporation | Oxygen-generating electrode and method for the preparation thereof |
US5314601A (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1994-05-24 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Electrodes of improved service life |
JPH0499294A (ja) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-31 | Daiso Co Ltd | 酸素発生用陽極及びその製法 |
KR100196094B1 (ko) * | 1992-03-11 | 1999-06-15 | 사토 히로시 | 산소발생전극 |
JP3152499B2 (ja) * | 1992-04-14 | 2001-04-03 | ティーディーケイ株式会社 | 酸素発生用電極およびその製造方法 |
JP3653296B2 (ja) * | 1995-01-23 | 2005-05-25 | 石福金属興業株式会社 | 電解用電極及びその製造方法 |
US6287673B1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 2001-09-11 | Acktar Ltd. | Method for producing high surface area foil electrodes |
JP3810043B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2006-08-16 | ペルメレック電極株式会社 | クロムめっき用電極 |
US6527939B1 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2003-03-04 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Method of producing copper foil with an anode having multiple coating layers |
US6589405B2 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2003-07-08 | Oleh Weres | Multilayer oxide coated valve metal electrode for water purification |
ITMI20021128A1 (it) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-11-24 | De Nora Elettrodi Spa | Elettrodo per sviluppo di gas e metodo per il suo ottenimento |
AU2006303991A1 (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-04-26 | Go Green Fuel N.A., L.P. | Internal combustion apparatus and method utilizing electrolysis cell |
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2011
- 2011-01-26 IT IT000089A patent/ITMI20110089A1/it unknown
- 2011-11-25 TW TW100143218A patent/TWI579410B/zh active
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- 2012-01-25 EA EA201391083A patent/EA023880B1/ru unknown
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KR101789358B1 (ko) | 2017-10-23 |
BR112013018556B1 (pt) | 2020-06-16 |
AU2012210549B2 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
EP2668315A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
MX354202B (es) | 2018-02-14 |
SG10201510610RA (en) | 2016-03-30 |
CN103328689A (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
MY176682A (en) | 2020-08-19 |
BR112013018556A2 (pt) | 2018-11-06 |
CN103328689B (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
TWI579410B (zh) | 2017-04-21 |
CA2824815C (en) | 2019-11-12 |
EA023880B1 (ru) | 2016-07-29 |
ITMI20110089A1 (it) | 2012-07-27 |
CA2824815A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
JP2014507563A (ja) | 2014-03-27 |
EP2668315B1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
MX2013008525A (es) | 2013-11-01 |
WO2012101141A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
HK1187963A1 (zh) | 2014-04-17 |
SG191424A1 (en) | 2013-08-30 |
KR20140043886A (ko) | 2014-04-11 |
EA201391083A1 (ru) | 2013-12-30 |
AR084772A1 (es) | 2013-06-26 |
US20130306489A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
PL2668315T3 (pl) | 2017-12-29 |
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