JP5881287B2 - オートインデューサー−2阻害剤 - Google Patents
オートインデューサー−2阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5881287B2 JP5881287B2 JP2010251184A JP2010251184A JP5881287B2 JP 5881287 B2 JP5881287 B2 JP 5881287B2 JP 2010251184 A JP2010251184 A JP 2010251184A JP 2010251184 A JP2010251184 A JP 2010251184A JP 5881287 B2 JP5881287 B2 JP 5881287B2
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- Prior art keywords
- mass
- bacteria
- autoinducer
- inhibitor
- sodium
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Description
また、本発明は、前記オートインデューサー−2阻害剤を含有してなる、歯周病の予防及び/又は治療剤に関する。
また、本発明は、前記オートインデューサー−2阻害剤を含有してなる、齲蝕病の予防及び/又は治療剤に関する。
さらに、本発明は、前記オートインデューサー−2阻害剤を含有してなる、医薬組成物、食品組成物、口腔用組成物又は化粧料組成物に関する。
本発明に用いるエラグ酸又はその塩は、広く一般に入手することができる。例えば、通常の合成方法により化学的に合成してもよいし、天然物から抽出してもよい。また、本発明では市販のものを用いてもよい。
本発明におけるAI−2の具体例としては、下記式で表される4,5−ジヒドロキシ−2,3−ペンタンジオン(本明細書において、DPDともいう)、及びDPDが有するAI−2活性と同等のAI−2活性を有する化合物が包含される。
前記フラノシルボレートジエステル及びPhospho-DPDの具体例を以下に示す。しかし、本発明はこれらに制限するものではない。
口腔用組成物に配合することができる成分としては、具体的に、第2リン酸カルシウム、第3リン酸カルシウム、ピロリン酸カルシウム、リン酸マグネシウム、不溶性メタリン酸ナトリウム、無水ケイ酸、水酸化アルミニウム、アルミナ、ハイドロキシアパタイト、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、合成アルミノケイ酸塩、ベンガラ等の研磨剤;前記の研磨剤を結合剤を用いて造粒した顆粒状研磨剤;グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、エチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ソルビトール等の湿潤剤;モノフルオルリン酸ナトリウム、フッ化スズ、フッ化ナトリウム等の歯質強化剤;クロルヘキシジン及びその塩類、トリクロサン、塩化セチルピリジニウム、チモール類、塩化ベンザルコニウム等の殺菌剤;リン酸ナトリウム等のpH調整剤;デキストラナーゼ、アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、リゾチーム、ムタナーゼ等の酵素類;塩化ナトリウム、ヒノキチオール、ε−アミノカプロン酸、トラネキサム酸、アラントイン類、トコフェロール類、オクチルフタリド、ニコチン酸エステル類、ジヒドロコレステロール、グリチルレチン酸、グリチルリチン酸及びその塩類、グリセロホスフェート、クロロフィル、水溶性無機リン酸化合物、アズレン類、カミツレ、センブリ、当帰、センキュウ、生薬類等の抗炎症剤・血行促進剤;サッカリンナトリウム、ステビオサイド、タウマチン、アスパラチルフェニルアラニンメチルエステル等の甘味剤;p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸、p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸エチル、p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸プロピル、p−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチル、安息香酸ナトリウム等の防腐剤;二酸化チタン等の着色剤・色素類;ペパーミント油、スペアミント油、メントール、カルボン、アネトール、オイゲノール、サリチル酸メチル、リモネン、オシメン、n−デシルアルコール、シトロネロール、α−テルピネオール、メチルアセテート、シトロネリルアセテート、メチルオイゲノール、シネオール、リナロール、エチルリナロール、ワニリン、チモール、アニス油、レモン油、オレンジ油、セージ油、ローズマリー油、桂皮油、ピメント油、桂葉油、冬緑油、丁子油、ユーカリ油等の香料等が挙げられる。
一方、AI−2を阻害すれば、細菌が本来持つクオラムセンシングシステムを制御し、その病原性を制御することが可能となる。したがって、本発明のAI−2阻害剤、並びに前記感染症の予防及び/又は治療剤は、薬剤耐性を持っている細菌にも効果が期待できる。
Basslerらの方法(Mol.Microbiol.,9(4),p.773-786,1993)を参照し、AB(Autoinducer Bioassay)培地を下記のように調製した。
0.2%vitamine-free casamino acids(Difco社製)、0.3M NaCl(和光純薬社製)、0.05M MgSO4・7H2O(和光純薬社製)の溶液を任意の濃度のKOH溶液(和光純薬社製)でpH7.5に調整し、オートクレーブ後、室温で保存した。1Mリン酸カリウムバッファー(1M KH2PO4 21.1mL及び1M K2HPO4 28.9mL)10mL、0.1M L-arginine(free-base、和光純薬社製)10mL、1mg/mL thiamin・HCl(和光純薬社製)1mL、10μg/mL riboflavin(和光純薬社製)1mL、及びグリセロール(和光純薬社製)20mLをよく混和後、濾過滅菌したもの42mLを、前記溶液1Lに対して添加し、AB培地を調製した。
上記菌液200μLをAB培地に植菌し、好気条件下16時間、30℃、200rpmで振盪培養を行った。この菌液をAB培地で5000倍に希釈し、レポーター菌液とした。
その結果を表1に示す。
ビブリオ・ハーベイBB152株(ATCC BAA−1119)をMarine Agar2216培地で30℃、好気条件下で培養した。このように培養したビブリオ・ハーベイBB152株の一白金耳をMarine Broth2216培地に植菌し、好気条件下8時間、30℃、200rpmで振盪培養を行った。
上記菌液をAB培地に植菌し、さらに好気条件下16時間、30℃、200rpmで振盪培養を行った。遠心分離(8000rpm、15分、4℃)後の上清を取り出し、カットオフ値1Kのスピンカラム(ポール社製)を用いて分子量1000以下の画分を得、AI−2溶液とした(AI−2濃度:約0.1μM)。
シリアンハムスター(7週齢、雄)の下顎左右第一臼歯歯頚部に絹糸を結紮し、同日より同結紮部位に、0.001質量%(約30μM)エラグ酸(エラグ酸・二水和物、東京化成より入手)のDMSO/PBS溶液又は0.01%(w/v)DMSO/PBS(コントロール)200μLを1日2回、2週間滴下し、各群5匹にて飼育した。
その結果を表3に示す。
健常男性6名を被験者とし、歯科衛生士による歯面清掃処理後、0.01質量%エラグ酸(ザクロ抽出物由来エラグ酸、サビンサジャパン・コーポレーションより入手)含有洗口剤水溶液、又はエラグ酸を含まないプラセボ洗口剤水溶液を2日間使用させた。所定の時間(歯面清掃直後、並びに毎食後及び就寝前の計9回/2日間)に、前記洗口剤水溶液20mLで30秒間の含嗽を行った。歯面清掃処理から約48時間後に、鈴木らの方法(口腔衛生学会誌,20(3),p.9-16,1971)に従い、歯肉辺縁からの歯垢付着距離を測定し、歯垢形成量とした。なお試験は、2品のクロスオーバーとし、ダブルブラインドにて実施した。
その結果を表4に示す。
終濃度が0.001%(w/v)又は0.01%(w/v)になるように調製したエラグ酸(エラグ酸・二水和物、東京化成社より購入)溶液(溶媒:0.01%(w/v)DMSO/水)400μLと、生菌数を106〜108CFU/mLに調製したポリフィロモナス・ジンジバリス(ATCC33277株)菌液100μLとを30秒攪拌混合し、任意濃度に希釈後、GAM寒天培地(日水製薬社製)に播種した。37℃で2日嫌気培養後、生育コロニー数をカウントし生菌数を算出した。コントロールとして、エラグ酸溶液の代わりに0.01%(w/v)DMSO/水を用いた以外は同様にして生菌数を算出した。その結果を表5に示す。
なお、エラグ酸は、感染症原因菌であるポリフィロモナス・ジンジバリス、プレボテラ・インタメディア、ストレプトコッカス・ミュータンスなどに対し抗菌作用があることが報告されている(例えば、J.Nat.Prod.,59,p.987(1996)参照)。しかし、前記成分を1,250μg/mLという高濃度で添加した際の結果である。これに対して、表5に示すように、エラグ酸の濃度を0.001〜0.01質量%とした場合、本発明のAI−2阻害剤は病原性細菌に対する殺菌作用を示すものではなく、病原性細菌の種間連絡に利用されるAI−2の活性を阻害するものである。
本発明の歯周病又は齲蝕病の予防及び/又は治療剤として、下記に示す組成のチューブ入り練歯磨、練歯磨及び樹脂製容器入りマウスウォッシュを常法により各々調製した。
ソルビトール 35質量%
無水ケイ酸 20質量%
濃グリセリン 5質量%
エラグ酸 0.01質量%
カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム 1質量%
香料 1質量%
フッ化ナトリウム 0.2質量%
サッカリンナトリウム 0.2質量%
酢酸dl−α−トコフェロール 0.1質量%
精製水 残余
計100質量%
炭酸カルシウム 30質量%
ソルビトール 28質量%
無水ケイ酸 8質量%
濃グリセリン 5質量%
ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム 1.2質量%
カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム 1質量%
香料 1質量%
エラグ酸 0.01質量%
酢酸dl−α−トコフェロール 0.2質量%
フッ化ナトリウム 0.2質量%
サッカリンナトリウム 0.2質量%
イソプロピルメチルフェノール 0.1質量%
精製水 残余
計100質量%
ソルビトール 25質量%
無水ケイ酸 20質量%
プロピレングリコール 6質量%
ラクチトール 5質量%
カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム 1質量%
香料 1質量%
エラグ酸 0.01質量%
フッ化ナトリウム 0.2質量%
サッカリンナトリウム 0.2質量%
酢酸dl−α−トコフェロール 0.1質量%
精製水 残余
計100質量%
ソルビトール 28質量%
ポリオキシエチレン(200)ポリオキシプロピレン(40)共重合体 16質量%
無水ケイ酸 12質量%
濃グリセリン 8質量%
ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム 1.2質量%
カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム 1.5質量%
香料 1質量%
エラグ酸 0.01質量%
モノフルオロリン酸ナトリウム 0.7質量%
サッカリンナトリウム 0.2質量%
酢酸dl−α−トコフェロール 0.1質量%
精製水 残余
計100質量%
ソルビトール 28質量%
無水ケイ酸 15質量%
ポリエチレングリコール400 8質量%
キシリトール 5質量%
ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム 1.2質量%
カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム 1質量%
香料 1質量%
エラグ酸 0.01質量%
酢酸dl−α−トコフェロール 0.2質量%
フッ化ナトリウム 0.2質量%
サッカリンナトリウム 0.2質量%
イソプロピルメチルフェノール 0.1質量%
精製水 残余
計100質量%
エタノール 15質量%
キシリトール 7質量%
ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油 2質量%
サッカリンナトリウム 0.5質量%
エラグ酸 0.01質量%
香料 0.2質量%
安息香酸ナトリウム 0.1質量%
酢酸dl−α−トコフェロール 0.05質量%
トリクロサン 0.02質量%
精製水 残余
計100質量%
Claims (2)
- エラグ酸又はその塩を有効成分とし、前記有効成分の含有量が0.0001〜0.01質量%である、オートインデューサー−2を介したクオラムセンシングシステムを有する病原性細菌を殺菌することなく、そのオートインデューサー−2活性を阻害するオートインデューサー−2阻害剤。
- 請求項1記載のオートインデューサー−2阻害剤を含有してなり、オートインデューサー−2を介したクオラムセンシングシステムを有する病原性細菌を殺菌することなく、そのオートインデューサー−2活性を阻害することで歯周病を予防又は治療する、歯周病の予防及び/又は治療剤。
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