JP5831451B2 - R−t−b系焼結磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents
R−t−b系焼結磁石の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
まず、本発明では、重希土類元素RHの拡散の対象とするR−T−B系焼結磁石体を準備する。本発明で準備するR−T−B系焼結磁石体は公知の組成からなる。このR−T−B系焼結磁石体は、例えば、以下の組成からなる。
希土類元素R:12〜17原子%
B(Bの一部はCで置換されていてもよい):5〜8原子%
添加元素M(Al、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ag、In、Sn、Hf、Ta、W、Pb、およびBiからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種):0〜2原子%
T(Feを主とする遷移金属であって、Coを含んでもよい)および不可避不純物:残部
ここで、希土類元素Rは、主として軽希土類元素RL(Nd、Pr)から選択される少なくとも一方の元素であるが、重希土類元素を含有していてもよい。なお、重希土類元素を含有する場合は、DyおよびTbの少なくとも一方を含むことが好ましい。
RH拡散源は、重希土類元素RHと30質量%以上80質量%以下のFeとを含有する合金であり、その形態は、例えば、球状、線状、板状、ブロック状、粉末など任意である。ボールやワイヤ形状を有する場合、その直径は例えば数mm〜数cmに設定され得る。粉末の場合、その粒径は、例えば、0.05mm以上5mm以下の範囲に設定され得る。このように、RH拡散源の形状・大きさは、特に限定されない。
本発明の実施形態では、R−T−B系焼結磁石体とRH拡散源に加えて、攪拌補助部材を処理室内に導入することが好ましい。攪拌補助部材はRH拡散源とR−T−B系焼結磁石体との接触を促進し、また攪拌補助部材に一旦付着した重希土類元素RHをR−T−B系焼結磁石体へ間接的に供給する役割をする。さらに、攪拌補助部材は、処理室内において、R−T−B系焼結磁石体同士やR−T−B系焼結磁石体とRH拡散源との接触による欠けを防ぐ役割もある。
図1を参照しながら、本発明による拡散処理工程の好ましい例を説明する。
また、必要に応じてさらに第2熱処理(400℃〜700℃)を行うが、第2熱処理(400℃〜700℃)を行う場合は、第1熱処理(700℃〜1000℃)の後に行うことが好ましい。第1熱処理(700℃〜1000℃)と第2熱処理(400℃〜700℃)とは、同じ処理室内で行っても良い。第2熱処理の時間は、例えば10分から72時間である。好ましくは1時間から12時間である。ここで、第2熱処理を行なう熱処理炉の雰囲気圧力は、大気圧以下である。好ましいのは100kPa以下である。
まず、組成比Nd=30.0、Dy=0.5、B=1.0、Co=0.9、Al=0.1、Cu=0.1、残部=Fe(質量%)のR−T−B系焼結磁石体を作製した。これを機械加工することにより、7.4mm×7.4mm×7.4mmの立方体のR−T−B系焼結磁石体を得た。作製したR−T−B系焼結磁石体の磁気特性をB−Hトレーサによって測定したところ、熱処理(500℃)後の特性で保磁力HcJは1000kA/m、残留磁束密度Brは1.42Tであった。
ここで、直径5mmのジルコニア球を重量50g、攪拌補助部材として追加してRH拡散処理、第1熱処理を行った以外は、実験例1と同じ条件でRH拡散処理を行い、磁気特性を評価したところ、表2の結果となった。
また、サンプル2、6、12、14、19、22の実験条件で、RH拡散源を5回、10回、30回、50回繰り返し使用してRH拡散処理をしたときのΔHcJ、ΔBrの値を表3に示す。表3において、サンプル34はサンプル2、サンプル35はサンプル6、サンプル36はサンプル12、サンプル37はサンプル14、サンプル38はサンプル19、サンプル39はサンプル22の実施条件にてRH拡散処理を行った。
まず、組成比Nd=29.0、Pr=1.5、B=1.0、Co=0.9、Al=0.2、Cu=0.1、残部=Fe(質量%)のR−T−B系焼結磁石体を作製した。これを機械加工することにより、7.4mm×7.4mm×7.4mmの立方体のR−T−B系焼結磁石体を得た。作製したR−T−B系焼結磁石体の磁気特性をB−Hトレーサによって測定したところ、熱処理(500℃×1時間)後の特性でHcJは860kA/m、Brは1.40Tであった。この値を以下各実験例の特性評価の基準とした。
表5に記載の条件以外は、実験例4と同じ条件、方法にてR−T−B系焼結磁石を作製した。
表6に記載の条件以外は、実験例4と同じ条件、方法にてR−T−B系焼結磁石を作製した。
表7に記載の条件以外は、実験例4と同じ条件、方法にてR−T−B系焼結磁石を作製した。
表8に記載の条件以外は、実験例4と同じ条件、方法にてR−T−B系焼結磁石を作製した。
2 RH拡散源
3 ステンレス製の筒(処理室)
4 ヒータ
5 蓋
6 排気装置
Claims (9)
- R−T−B系焼結磁石体を準備する工程と、
重希土類元素RH(DyおよびTbの少なくとも一方からなる)および30質量%以上80質量%以下のFeを含有するRH拡散源を準備する工程と、
前記焼結磁石体と前記RH拡散源とを相対的に移動可能かつ近接または接触可能に処理室内に装入する工程と、
前記焼結磁石体と前記RH拡散源とを前記処理室内にて連続的または断続的に移動させながら、前記焼結磁石体および前記RH拡散源を850℃超1000℃以下の処理温度に加熱するRH拡散工程と、
を包含するR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 前記処理温度は870℃以上1000℃以下である請求項1に記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記RH拡散源には40質量%以上80質量%以下のFeが含まれる請求項1または2に記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記RH拡散源には40質量%以上60質量%以下のFeが含まれる請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記RH拡散工程は、前記処理室を回転させる工程を含む、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記RH拡散工程において、前記処理室を周速度0.01m/s以上の速度で回転させる、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記RH拡散工程は、攪拌補助部材を前記処理室内に装入して行う請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記攪拌補助部材は、ジルコニア、窒化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素、窒化硼素または、これらの混合物のセラミックスからなる請求項7に記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記RH拡散工程における前記熱処理は、前記処理室の内部圧力を0.001Pa以上大気圧以下に調整して行う、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載のR−T−B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
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US9613748B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2017-04-04 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | RH diffusion source, and method for producing R-T-B-based sintered magnet using same |
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