JP5823979B2 - ナノカルサイト及びビニルエステル複合材料 - Google Patents
ナノカルサイト及びビニルエステル複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5823979B2 JP5823979B2 JP2012544683A JP2012544683A JP5823979B2 JP 5823979 B2 JP5823979 B2 JP 5823979B2 JP 2012544683 A JP2012544683 A JP 2012544683A JP 2012544683 A JP2012544683 A JP 2012544683A JP 5823979 B2 JP5823979 B2 JP 5823979B2
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- Prior art keywords
- calcite
- composition
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- vinyl ester
- resin
- Prior art date
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- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 9
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001460 carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 curing accelerators Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MJUJXFBTEFXVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phosphonate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)OCC MJUJXFBTEFXVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003775 Density Functional Theory Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPCDEFQVKBXBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-hydroxyundecylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O PPCDEFQVKBXBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUHXLHLWASNVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(oxan-2-yloxy)oxane Chemical compound O1CCCCC1OC1OCCCC1 HUHXLHLWASNVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Br IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)oxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound C1CC(C(C)(C)C)CCC1OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC1CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WTFAGPBUAGFMQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-[2-(2-aminopropoxy)propoxy]propoxy]propan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(N)COCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)N WTFAGPBUAGFMQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AATNZNJRDOVKDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[ethoxy(ethyl)phosphoryl]oxyethane Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(CC)OCC AATNZNJRDOVKDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFGANBYCJWQYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-bromoundecan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCBr XFGANBYCJWQYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLAKYYIYWIWCED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-prop-2-enoyloxyundecylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C RLAKYYIYWIWCED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000288673 Chiroptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydropyran Chemical compound C1COC=CC1 BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004546 Hetron™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000618467 Hypocrea jecorina (strain ATCC 56765 / BCRC 32924 / NRRL 11460 / Rut C-30) Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJSKBZUMYQBSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Jeffamine M-600 Chemical compound COCCOCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)N BJSKBZUMYQBSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001427 mPEG Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001394 phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIFIMQMTABTXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)([SiH3])=O SIFIMQMTABTXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001370 static light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/08—Oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/06—Unsaturated polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/06—Unsaturated polyesters
- C08L67/07—Unsaturated polyesters having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
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Description
式中、「Comp.Seg.」は、相溶化セグメントを指す。
式中、「Rx.Group」は、反応性基である。いくつかの実施形態では、反応性基は、相溶化セグメントの骨格に沿って、又は同骨格にぶら下がるように、位置付けられ得る。いくつかの実施形態では、反応基は、相溶化セグメントと結合基との間に位置してもよい。
破壊靭性手順硬化サンプルの破壊靭性を、小型引張形状を用いてASTM D 5045−99に従って測定したが、試料は、3.18cm×3.05cm×0.64cm(1.25インチ×1.20インチ×0.25インチ)の呼び寸法を有した。以下のパラメーター:W=2.54cm(1.00インチ)及びB=0.64cm(0.25インチ)を採用した。亀裂長さaを、それぞれのサンプルにおいて測定したが、それぞれの事例において、約1.3cmであった。0.13cm/分(0.050インチ/分)の修正負荷速度を用いた。破壊靭性の値、KIcを、メガパスカル×メートル平方根の単位、すなわち、MPa・m1/2で報告する。
概して、表面修飾剤は、樹脂中にナノ粒子を分散させることを補助する相溶化基と、相溶化基をナノ粒子と会合させるための結合基とを含む。種々の一般的及び可能性のある結合基のカルサイトに対する結合エネルギーを、密度汎関数理論計算を用いて決定することができる。そのような計算に関する詳細は、Pendrew,J.P.;Burke,K.J.;Ernzerhof,M.;Phys.Rev.Lett.1996,3865,77から得られる。
BE=E(スラブ)+E(分子)−E(スラブ+分子) (1)
式中、E(スラブ+分子)、E(スラブ)、及びE(分子)は、それぞれ、錯体、孤立スラブ、及び孤立分子の電子エネルギーである。全ての場合において、形状をそれらのそれぞれの最小値に最適化した。
BE=E(スラブ)+E(分子)+E(水)−E(スラブ+分子) (2)
式中、E(スラブ+分子)、E(スラブ)、及びE(分子)は、上で定義され、E(水)は、孤立水分子の電子エネルギーである。
実施例1の粉砕した生成物(270g)を、SpeedMixer容器内で、2つの過酸化物硬化剤、すなわち、PERKADOX 16(1.62g)及びTRIGONOX 121(1.62g)と混合させた。容器を密封し、内容物を、SpeedMixer(商標)二重非対称遠心分離機(Model DAC 600 FVZ−sp、Flack Tek,Incorporated,Landrum,South Carolinaから入手可能)を用いて、2000回転/分(rpm)で30秒間混合させた。次に、内容物を、2つのガラスモールド:(a)8.9cm×17.8cm×0.64cm(3.5インチ×7インチ×0.25インチ)及び(b)22.9cm×11.4cm×0.32cm(9インチ×4.5インチ×0.125インチ)中に注いだ。モールドを、室温で15分間静置した。次に、モールドを、121℃(250°F)のオーブンに45分間移動させた。次に、試料を、破壊靭性手順に従って破壊靭性(KIc)、及びニート樹脂引張手順に従ってニート樹脂引張特性を測定するために使用した。結果を表5に要約する。
本発明はまた、以下の内容を包含する。
(1)
ビニルエステル樹脂を含む硬化性樹脂系中に分散させたカルサイトコアを含む表面修飾ナノ粒子を含む組成物であって、前記表面修飾ナノ粒子が、相溶化基と、前記カルサイトとイオン会合した結合基と、を含む第1の表面修飾剤を含む、組成物。
(2)
前記硬化性樹脂の溶解度パラメーターと前記相溶化基の溶解度パラメーターとの間の差異が、溶解度パラメーター手順に従って決定される場合、4J 1/2 cm −3/2 以下である、項目1に記載の組成物。
(3)
前記結合基がカルサイトに対して、カルサイト豊富な表面を想定する結合エネルギー計算手順を用いて計算される場合、少なくとも0.50電子ボルトの結合エネルギーを有する、項目1又は2に記載の組成物。
(4)
前記カルサイトコアの少なくとも90%は、カルサイト粒径手順により測定される場合、400nm未満の平均粒径を有する、項目1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(5)
前記硬化性樹脂系が、反応性希釈剤を更に含む、項目1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(6)
前記結合基が、ホスホン酸、スルホン酸、リン酸、又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、項目1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(7)
前記結合基が、カルボン酸を含む、項目1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(8)
前記相溶化基が、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリプロピレンオキシド、及びポリエステルのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、項目1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(9)
前記相溶化基が、ポリエーテルアミンを含む、項目1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(10)
前記第1の表面修飾剤が、両性イオンである、項目1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(11)
前記第1の表面修飾剤が、前記ビニルエステル樹脂及び前記反応性希釈剤のうちの少なくとも1つと反応することができる反応性基を更に含む、項目1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(12)
前記カルサイトに結合される第2の表面修飾剤を更に含み、該第2の表面修飾剤が、結合基と、前記ビニルエステル樹脂及び前記反応性希釈剤のうちの少なくとも1つと反応することができる反応性基と、を含む、項目1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(13)
前記組成物が、前記ナノ粒子及び前記硬化性樹脂系の総重量に対して少なくとも10重量%のナノ粒子を含む、項目1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(14)
前記組成物が、2重量%以下の溶媒を含む、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
(15)
前記ビニルエステル樹脂が硬化される、項目1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含む硬化組成物。
(16)
前記第1の表面修飾剤が、前記ビニルエステル樹脂及び前記反応性希釈剤のうちの少なくとも1つと反応する、項目15に記載の硬化組成物。
(17)
基材と、該基材の少なくとも一部に結合される項目15又は16に記載の硬化組成物とを含む、被覆物品。
(18)
項目1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の組成物と、強化用繊維とを含む繊維複合材料であって、前記強化用繊維が前記組成物で含浸される、繊維複合材料。
(19)
前記ビニルエステル樹脂が硬化される、項目18に記載の繊維複合材料。
Claims (6)
- ビニルエステル樹脂を含む硬化性樹脂系中に分散させたカルサイトコアを含む表面修飾ナノ粒子を含む組成物であって、
前記表面修飾ナノ粒子が、相溶化基と、前記カルサイトとイオン会合した結合基と、を含む第1の表面修飾剤を含み、
前記結合基が、ホスホン酸基、スルホン酸基、又はリン酸基を含む、
組成物。 - 前記結合基がカルサイトに対して、カルサイト豊富な表面を想定する結合エネルギー計算手順を用いて計算される場合、少なくとも0.50電子ボルトの結合エネルギーを有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記カルサイトコアの少なくとも90%は、カルサイト粒径手順により測定される場合、400nm未満の平均粒径を有する、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 前記ビニルエステル樹脂が硬化されている、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の硬化物。
- 基材と、該基材の少なくとも一部に結合されている請求項4に記載の硬化物とを含む、被覆物品。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物と、強化用繊維とを含む繊維複合材料であって、前記強化用繊維が前記組成物で含浸されている、繊維複合材料。
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PCT/US2010/060082 WO2011084380A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-12-13 | Nanocalcite and vinyl ester composites |
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- 2010-12-13 KR KR1020127018506A patent/KR101793303B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-12-13 US US13/502,891 patent/US10023726B2/en active Active
- 2010-12-13 WO PCT/US2010/060082 patent/WO2011084380A1/en active Application Filing
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EP2513214A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
KR101793303B1 (ko) | 2017-11-02 |
KR20120104607A (ko) | 2012-09-21 |
TW201137007A (en) | 2011-11-01 |
CN102639623A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
TWI530520B (zh) | 2016-04-21 |
WO2011084380A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
CN102639623B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
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US20120244338A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
US10023726B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
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