JP5807129B2 - 実質的に純粋なナノ粒子を調製するフローシステムの方法、当該方法により得られるナノ粒子及びその使用 - Google Patents
実質的に純粋なナノ粒子を調製するフローシステムの方法、当該方法により得られるナノ粒子及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5807129B2 JP5807129B2 JP2014557166A JP2014557166A JP5807129B2 JP 5807129 B2 JP5807129 B2 JP 5807129B2 JP 2014557166 A JP2014557166 A JP 2014557166A JP 2014557166 A JP2014557166 A JP 2014557166A JP 5807129 B2 JP5807129 B2 JP 5807129B2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
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Description
Fe(CN)6 3-/Fe(CN)6 4-, Fe3+/Fe2+, [Co(bipy)3]2+/[Co(bipy)3]3+, Co(phen)3 3+/Co(phen)3 2+, [Ru(bipy)3]3+/[Ru(bipy)3]2+, [Ru(NH3)6]3+/[Ru(NH3)6]2+ [Ru(CN)6]3-/[Ru(CN)6]4-, Fe(phen)3 3+/Fe(phen)3 2+及びCe4+/Ce3+
本発明の方法において使用される、実質的に純粋なナノ粒子の合成のための連続フローシステムが、図1a及び1bに模式的に示されている。このシステムはテフロン製のチューブの組を備えており、該チューブを通って試薬がポンピングされ、ナノ粒子コロイドの形状の生成物が排出される。ポンプは、システム全体に一定流量の試薬が行き渡ることを確保するものであるため、このシステムにとって重要な要素である。前駆体物質の還元が行われる領域は、恒温に維持されている。
−パラジウム:Pd(NO3)2・xH2O、99.9%、Alfa Aesar社製
−ヒドラジン:Ν2Η4・Η2O、濃度50−60%、Aldrich社製
−パーヒドロール:30%過酸化水素溶液、分析用に不純物を含まないもの、Chempur社製
−銅:Cu(NO3)2・3H2O、分析用に不純物を含まないもの、POCH社製
−金:HAuCl4、99.99%、Alfa Aesar社製
−白金:K2PtCl4、99.99%、Alfa Aesar社製
−水酸化ナトリウム:NaOH、分析用に不純物を含まないもの、POCH社製
−硝酸: HNO3、65%、分析用に不純物を含まないもの、POCH社製
−硫酸:99.999%、Sigma Aldrich社製
A)還元反応は、図1aに示す連続フローシステムの、内径1/32インチ(約0.8mm)、長さ40cmのテフロン製のチューブにおいて実施され、反応チューブ内の試薬の流量は200ml/hであった。
ナノ構造の合成は、過酸化水素溶液を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1Aに示されるのと同様の方法で実施された。
実施例1Aから1Cにおいて得られたコロイドの一部を遠心分離させた後、乾燥させて、黒い粉を得た。
還元反応は、図1aに示す連続フローシステムの、内径1/32インチ(約0.8mm)、長さ40cmのテフロン製のチューブにおいて実施され、反応チューブ内の試薬の流量は200ml/hであった。
還元反応は、図1aに示す連続フローシステムの、内径1/32インチ(約0.8mm)、長さ5cmのテフロン製のチューブにおいて実施され、反応チューブ内の試薬の流量は100ml/hであった。
還元反応は、図1aに示すシステムの、内径1/32インチ(約0.8mm)、長さ40cmのテフロン製のチューブにおいて実施され、反応チューブ内の試薬の流量は100ml/hであった。
還元反応は、図1aに示すシステムの、内径1/32インチ(約0.8mm)、長さ40cmのテフロン製のチューブにおいて実施され、反応チューブ内の試薬の流量は200ml/hであった。
還元反応は、図1bに示す連続フローシステムの、内径1/32インチ(約0.8mm)、長さ40cmのテフロン製のチューブにおいて、2つの工程それぞれについて行われ、反応チューブ内の試薬の流量は、第1工程では200ml/hであり、第2工程では300ml/hであった。
PdO及びCu2O等の金属酸化物の有無は、過酸化水素の濃度及び溶液のpHに依存する範囲で、粉末X線回折により確認された。
本実施例において、実施例1Aにて合成されたパラジウムナノ粒子が、鈴木反応における触媒として使用された。
Ph-Br + Ph-B(OH)2 = Ph-Ph
実施例1Aにて得られたパラジウムナノ粒子及び実施例3にて得られた銅ナノ粒子を、事前の浄化を経ずに、パラセタモール溶液内で1日インキュベートした。
Claims (16)
- 制御されたサイズの、表面に界面活性剤や他の有機分子が吸着していない、純粋なナノ粒子を、連続フローシステムにて合成する方法であって、前記連続フローシステムは、試薬及び生成物のストリームが内部を連続的に流れるチューブを備え、前記方法は、前駆体物質溶液が還元剤溶液の使用による還元反応を経て、ナノ粒子が製造される少なくとも1つの工程を含み、前記還元反応は最終工程後に還元剤を無効化する物質の添加により停止し、ナノ粒子コロイドを製造する方法。
- 前記前駆体物質溶液が、前記還元剤溶液の使用による還元反応を経て、均一なナノ粒子が得られる1つの工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体物質溶液が、前記還元剤溶液を使用による還元反応を経て、コアシェル型の積層されたナノ粒子が得られる、少なくとも2つの工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体物質は、金属前駆体又は金属前駆体の混合物である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記金属前駆体は、金属塩又は異なる金属塩の混合物である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記金属は、パラジウム、銀、金、白金、ルテニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、ロジウム、ニッケル、コバルト、銅及び鉄を含む群から選択される、請求項4又は5に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体物質は、AgNO3, AgClO4, AgHSO4, Ag2SO4, AgF, AgBF4, AgPF6, CH3COOAg, AgCF3SO3, CuCl2, Cu(NO3)2, CuSO4, Cu(HSO4)2, Cu(ClO4)2, CuF2, (CHCOO)2Cu, H2PtCl6, H6Cl2N2Pt, PtCl2, PtBr2, K2[PtCl4], Na2[PtCl4], Li2[PtCl4], H2Pt(OH)6, Pt(NO3)2, [Pt(NH3)4]Cl2, [Pt(NH3)4](HCO3)2, [Pt(NH3)4](OAc)2, (NH4)2PtBr6, K2PtCl6, PtSO4, Pt(HSO4)2, Pt(ClO4)2, H2PdCl6, H6Cl2N2Pd, PdCl2, PdBr2, K2[PdCl4], Na2[PdCl4], Li2[PdCl4], H2Pd(OH)6, Pd(NO3)2, [Pd(NH3)4]Cl2, [Pd(NH3)4](HCO3)2, [Pd(NH3)4](OAc)2, (NH4)2PdBr6, (NH3)2PdCl6, PdSO4, Pd(HSO4)2, Pd(ClO4)2, HAuCl4, AuCl3, AuCl, AuF3, (CH3)2SAuCl, AuF, AuCl(SC4H8), AuBr, AuBr3, Na3Au(S2O3)2, HAuBr4, K[Au(CN)2], CoF2, Co(NO3)2, CoCl2, CoSO4, Co(HSO4)2, Co(ClO4)2, (CHCOO)2Co, CoBr2, [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, [CoCl(NH3)5]Cl2, [Co(NO2)(NH3)5]Cl2, NiF2, Ni(NO3)2, NiCl2, NiSO4, Ni(HSO4)2, Ni(ClO4)2, (CHCOO)2Ni, NiBr2, Ni(OH)HSO4, Ni(OH)Cl, FeF2, Fe(NO3)2, FeCl2, FeSO4, Fe(HSO4)2, Fe(ClO4)2, (CHCOO)2Fe, FeBr2, FeF3, Fe(NO3)3, FeCl3, Fe2(SO4)3, Fe(HSO4)3, Fe(ClO4)3, (CHCOO)3Fe, FeBr3, RuCl2((CH3)2SO)4, RuCl3, [Ru(NH3)5(N2)]Cl2, Ru(NO3)3, RuBr3, RuF3, Ru(ClO4)3, OsI, OsI2, OsBr3 , OsCl4, OsF5, OsF6, OsOF5, OsF7, IrF6, IrCl3, IrF4, IrF5, Ir(ClO4)3, K3[IrCl6], K2[IrCl6], Na3[IrCl6], Na2[IrCl6], Li3[IrCl6], Li2[IrCl6], [Ir(NH3)4Cl2]Cl, RhF3, RhF4, RhCl3, [Rh(NH3)5Cl]Cl2, RhCl[P(C6H5)3]3, K[Rh(CO)2Cl2], Na[Rh(CO)2Cl2], Li[Rh(CO)2Cl2], Rh2(SO4)3, Rh(HSO4)3及びRh(ClO4)3を含む群から選択された塩、これらの水和物又はこれらの塩及び/又は水和物の混合物である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤は、ヒドラジン、アスコルビン酸、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、次亜リン酸ナトリウム、水素化テトラエチルホウ素リチウム、メタノール、1,2−ヘキサデカンジオール、ヒドロキシルアミン及びジメチルボラザン、ジメチルアミンボラン(DMAB)を含む群から選択される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤を無効化する物質は、過酸化水素、酸素、オゾン、NO2及びレドックスバッファを含む群から選択される、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記連続フローシステムにおいて、内部を試薬、反応混合物及び生成物のストリームが流れる、前記連続フローシステムの特定のチューブ要素は、複数の異なる温度に保たれている、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体物質はPd(NO3)2であり、前記還元剤はヒドラジンであり、前記還元剤を無効化する前記物質は過酸化水素である、請求項1、2、4〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体物質はCu(NO3)2であり、前記還元剤はヒドラジンであり、前記還元剤を無効化する前記物質は過酸化水素であり、前記還元剤を無効化する前記物質の溶液はNaOHをさらに含む、請求項1、2、4〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 第1工程において、前駆体物質Cu(NO3)2の溶液が、ヒドラジン溶液の使用による還元反応を経て、銅コアが形成され、第2工程において、前駆体物質Pd(NO3)2の溶液が、反応混合物に供給され、その結果得られる混合物を還元することで、第1工程で形成された銅ナノ粒子上にパラジウムシェルが形成され、前記還元反応は、過酸化水素溶液及び塩基の添加により停止し、塩基濃度は生成物ストリームの中性pHを確保するのに十分である、請求項1、3〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体物質は、Pd(NO3)2とPt(NO3)2との混合物であり、当該混合物の還元により、Pd/Pt合金の均一なナノ粒子が形成される、請求項1、2、4〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記還元剤を無効化する物質は、金属コアの金属外層のアンダーポテンシャル還元につながる電位を有するレドックスバッファである、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、さらにコロイドナノ粒子の遠心分離及び/又は乾燥の工程を含み、これらの工程によりナノ粒子粉末が得られる、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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JP6020506B2 (ja) | 2014-04-11 | 2016-11-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 触媒微粒子及びカーボン担持触媒の各製造方法 |
US10493533B2 (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2019-12-03 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Scalable shape- and size-controlled synthesis of metal nano-alloys |
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JP6096816B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-22 | 2017-03-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 触媒の製造方法及び製造装置 |
WO2017014108A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 金属ナノ粒子分散液の製造装置及び製造方法並びに金属ナノ粒子担持体の製造方法、金属ナノ粒子、金属ナノ粒子分散液、金属ナノ粒子担持体 |
CN105214655B (zh) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-07-28 | 北京化工大学 | 一种无负载纳米金属催化剂的制备及应用 |
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