JP5785659B2 - 微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置 - Google Patents
微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 58
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 58
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 195
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 164
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 158
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
[反応式1]
CH4+H2O→CO+3H2、反応熱:+206kJ/mol
[反応式2]
CO2+CH4→2CO+2H2、反応熱:+247kJ/mol
[反応式3]
CH4+1/2O2→CO+2H2、反応熱:−36kJ/mol
[反応式4]
CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O、反応熱:−801kJ/mol
[反応式5]
H2+1/2O2→H2O+生成熱:56kJ/mol
20 一酸化炭素水性反応器
30 水素分離装置
40 燃焼機
110 上部プレート
112、114 伝熱ガス供給管
113 改質ガス排出管
120 下部プレート
121 原料ガス供給管
122 伝熱ガス排出管
200 上部伝熱ユニット
210、230 上部伝熱プレート
211、221、231、241 第1上部貫通ホール
212、222、232、242 第2上部貫通ホール
213、223、233、243 第3上部貫通ホール
214、224、234、244 第4上部貫通ホール
215、235 上部伝熱チャネル
220、240 上部改質プレート
225、245 上部改質チャネル
250 上部遮断プレート
300、500、600 改質ユニット
310、510、610 加熱プレート
311、321、351、361、511、521、551、561、611、621、631、661、671 第1改質貫通ホール
312、322、352、362、512、522、552、562、612、622、632、662、672 第2改質貫通ホール
313、323、353、363、513、523、553、563、613、623、633、663、673 第3改質貫通ホール
314、324、354、364、514、524、554、564、614、624、634、664、674 第4改質貫通ホール
315、515、615 加熱チャネル
320、520 捕集伝達プレート
325、525、635 多孔性捕集ホール
326、526 連結チャネル
330、530、640 改質触媒
340、650 改質触媒押圧板
350、550、660 改質触媒プレート
355、555、665 触媒ホール
360、560、670 ガス供給プレート
365、565 ガス供給チャネル
400 下部伝熱ユニット
410 下部遮断プレート
420、440 下部伝熱プレート
421、431、441、451 第1下部貫通ホール
422、432、442、452 第2下部貫通ホール
423、433、443、453 第3下部貫通ホール
424、434、444、454 第4下部貫通ホール
425、445 下部伝熱チャネル
430、450 下部改質プレート
435、455 下部改質チャネル
540 Oリング
625 ガス伝達チャネル
1000、1002、2000 積層型炭化水素改質装置
Claims (8)
- 伝熱ガス供給源に連結され、伝熱ガスが供給される伝熱ガス供給管と、改質ガスを排出する改質ガス排出管とが形成された上部プレート;
原料ガス供給源に連結され、原料ガスを供給する原料ガス供給管と、伝熱ガスを排出する伝熱ガス排出管とが形成された下部プレート;
前記上部プレートの下部に配置され、前記伝熱ガス供給管に連結され、伝熱ガスが移動する上部伝熱ガス流路と、前記上部伝熱ガス流路と伝熱するように接触して形成されるとともに前記改質ガス排出管に連結された上部改質ガス流路とを持つ上部伝熱ユニット;
前記下部プレートの上部に配置され、前記伝熱ガス排出管に連結され、伝熱ガスが移動する下部伝熱ガス流路と、前記下部伝熱ガス流路と伝熱するように接触して形成される前記原料ガス供給管に連結された下部改質ガス流路とを持つ下部伝熱ユニット;及び
前記上部伝熱ユニットと前記下部伝熱ユニットとの間に一つ以上が積層される改質ユニットを含み、
前記改質ユニットは、二つ以上が積層可能となるように、
前記下部改質ガス流路のみに連通するガス供給チャネルが設置されたガス供給プレート;
前記ガス供給プレートの上側に積層され、改質触媒が設置された改質触媒プレート;
前記改質触媒プレートの上側に積層され、改質触媒によって改質されたガスを前記上部改質ガス流路に伝達するガス伝達ユニット;及び
前記ガス供給プレートの下側又は前記ガス伝達ユニットの上側に配置され、前記上部伝熱ガス流路と前記下部伝熱ガス流路を連通させる加熱チャネルを持つ加熱プレートを持ち、
前記ガス供給プレート、前記改質触媒プレート、前記ガス伝達ユニット、及び前記加熱プレートにはそれぞれ、前記上部改質ガス流路に連通する第1改質貫通ホール、前記上部伝熱ガス流路に連通する第2改質貫通ホール、前記下部改質ガス流路に連通する第3改質貫通ホール、及び前記下部伝熱ガス流路に連通する第4改質貫通ホールが形成されることを特徴とする、微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。 - 上部伝熱ユニットは、
伝熱ガス供給管と連通する上部伝熱チャネルを持ち、上部伝熱ガス流路をなす一つ以上の上部伝熱プレートと、
改質ガス排出管と連通する上部改質チャネルを持ち、上部改質ガス流路をなすとともに前記上部伝熱プレートと相互に積層される一つ以上の上部改質プレートとを含み、
前記上部伝熱プレート及び前記上部改質プレートには、改質ユニットの第1改質貫通ホールないし第4改質貫通ホールに対応する位置に、第1上部貫通ホールないし第4上部貫通ホールが形成され、
前記上部伝熱ユニットの最下側には前記第1上部貫通ホール及び前記第2上部貫通ホールのみ形成された上部遮断プレートが配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。 - 下部伝熱ユニットは、
伝熱ガス排出管と連通する下部伝熱チャネルを持ち、下部伝熱ガス流路をなす一つ以上の下部伝熱プレートと、
原料ガス供給管と連通する下部改質チャネルを持ち、下部改質ガス流路をなすとともに前記下部伝熱プレートと相互に積層される一つ以上の下部改質プレートとを含み、
前記下部伝熱プレート及び前記下部改質プレートには、改質ユニットの第1改質貫通ホールないし第4改質貫通ホールに対応する位置に、第1下部貫通ホールないし第4下部貫通ホールが形成され、
前記下部伝熱ユニットの最上側には前記第3下部貫通ホール及び前記第4下部貫通ホールのみ形成された下部遮断プレートが配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。 - ガス伝達ユニットは、
改質触媒プレートの上側に配置され、第1改質貫通ホールないし第4改質貫通ホールに対して隔離される多孔性捕集ホールが形成されたガス捕集プレートと、
前記ガス捕集プレートの上側に配置され、前記第1改質貫通ホールのみに連通するガス伝達チャネルが形成されたガス伝達プレートとを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。 - ガス伝達ユニットは、
改質触媒プレートの上側に配置され、第2改質貫通ホールないし第4改質貫通ホールに対して隔離される多孔性捕集ホールが形成され、前記多孔性捕集ホールは連結チャネルを介して第1改質貫通ホールに連通する捕集伝達プレートであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。 - 改質触媒プレートにおいて、改質触媒の下側には多孔性の改質触媒押圧板が配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。
- 改質触媒プレートにおいて、改質触媒の下側にはOリングが配置されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。
- 多孔性捕集ホールの断面積は改質触媒の断面積より小さいことを特徴とする、請求項4又は5に記載の微小流路加熱器を用いた積層型炭化水素改質装置。
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