JP5773370B2 - 紙力を改善するためのポリマーおよびポリマー混合物の表面塗布 - Google Patents
紙力を改善するためのポリマーおよびポリマー混合物の表面塗布 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5773370B2 JP5773370B2 JP2012538018A JP2012538018A JP5773370B2 JP 5773370 B2 JP5773370 B2 JP 5773370B2 JP 2012538018 A JP2012538018 A JP 2012538018A JP 2012538018 A JP2012538018 A JP 2012538018A JP 5773370 B2 JP5773370 B2 JP 5773370B2
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- acrylamide
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C09D133/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D139/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
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- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/54—Starch
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- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
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Description
加熱処理(90℃、40分)した改質タピオカ澱粉と乾燥強度生成物とからなる溶液を、40psiで一緒にプレスされる、単一のブチルゴムのロールと単一の鋼鉄のロールとの間のニップに添加した。紙のシートをパドルに通して、均一なコーティングを得た。より大きな坪量をもつシートは、サイズプレスロールに2回通して、シートの均一な湿潤を確実にし、所望の澱粉および添加剤の配合量を達成した。試験試料を、最終的なシートの水分含有率5〜7%を与える条件下で、回転ドラム型乾燥機のフェルトと鋼鉄との間で直ちに乾燥した。澱粉および乾燥紙力増強剤の濃度を変化させて、それぞれの目標とする、紙による含浸量レベルを得た。次いで、処理済の紙試料を予備コンディショニング(70°F(39℃)、湿度50%、少なくとも24時間)し、試験した。
ミューレン破裂(Mullen)(TAPPI T-403):この試験を用いて、紙試料の破裂強さまたは耐穿刺性を測定した。予備コンディショニングした試験試料を、ゴムのダイアフラムを完全に覆う、B. F. Perkins Model C Mullen Testerの2つの金属リング間に確実にクランプした。クラッチレバーを順方向の位置に入れて静水圧をかけ、紙試料が破裂するまでゴムのダイアフラムを拡げた。試験片が破裂したときに、レバーを逆方向の位置に動かし、破裂強さをlb/in2単位で記録した。
機械式攪拌機、水ジャケット付き冷却器、窒素導入口、熱電対、および2つの追加的なポートが取り付けられ、窒素パージされたジャケット付樹脂釜に、脱イオン水727グラム、および硫酸第二銅の脱イオン水中1重量%溶液を装填した(ポリマー溶液中の硫酸第二銅の量を、アクリルアミドに基づいて30ppmの銅を有する量に調節した)。反応器の内容物を、窒素で1時間、脱気した。モノマーおよび開始剤の溶液、すなわち、アクリルアミド500g(50重量%水溶液)およびN,N-メチレンビスアクリルアミド(MBA)0.18gのモノマー溶液、ならびに、過硫酸アンモニウム(1.0重量%溶液)30.0gおよびメタ重亜硫酸ナトリウム(0.83重量%溶液)30.0gの開始剤溶液を、別々に調製した。反応器の内容物を65℃にし、モノマーおよび開始剤の溶液を、2時間にわたって同時に別々に反応器に供給した。添加完了後、温度を65℃に維持し、反応をさらに2時間、継続した。釜を25℃に冷却することにより重合を停止させた。ブルックフィールド粘度は、697cPs(LVのユニット、スピンドル♯2、60rpm、25℃、4ozのジャーを使用)であり、換算比粘度(NH4Cl中1重量%)は0.74dL/gであった。ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィーにより決定した分子量は71,500ダルトンであった。実施例1-2〜1-7を合成し、ここで、開始剤の当量を変化させて分子量を変化させた。開始剤の濃度を増加させることにより、得られるポリマーの分子量を低くすることができた(これは、当業者に周知の技術である)。これらのポリアクリルアミドを表1に記載する。
表2において示す量のアニオン性コモノマー、アクリル酸を供給材料に添加した以外は、すべてを実施例1におけるのと同じ様式で行った。表2に、得られたアニオン性アクリルアミドコポリマーの特性を示す。
ポリアクリルアミドとポリビニルアミンまたは改質ポリビニルアミンとの混合物を、実施例1および2の様々なポリアクリルアミドと、ポリビニルアミンまたは改質ポリビニルアミンのいずれかとを混合することによって、調製した。一般的な実験において、4oz.のジャーに、実施例1または2において調製したままのポリアクリルアミド(PAM)ポリマー溶液100gを充填し、これに、ある量のポリビニルアミン溶液を添加した。これらのポリビニルアミン溶液(Ashland Incorporatedから入手可能なHercobond(登録商標)6330およびHercobond(登録商標)6350紙性能用添加剤)を、表3において示す通りの、水酸化ナトリウム(NaOH)のN-ビニルホルムアミド(VFA)に対する様々なモル比を用いることによって加水分解された、ポリ(N-ビニルホルムアミド)から得た。ポリ(N-ビニルホルムアミド)の加水分解のために好ましい範囲は、20から100モルパーセント、好ましくは25から80モルパーセント、より好ましくは25から70モルパーセントである。ポリマーの混合物をLab Line(登録商標)Orbit Environ Shakerで25℃において1時間、振盪した。
ExcelSize(登録商標)15(Siam Modified Starch Co., Ltd.、Pathumthani、タイ)の澱粉、酸化タピオカ澱粉を、15重量%の水性スラリーを調製することにより可溶化し、次いで、そのスラリーを90℃で40分間、混合した。この溶液を60℃にし、60℃の水で8.25重量%に希釈した。様々な量のポリマーまたはポリマーブレンドを添加し、溶液温度を60℃に保ち、ブルックフィールド(スピンドル1/100rpm)粘度を様々な時間間隔で決定した。結果を表4に記載した。表4は、本発明のコーティング組成物を、調整剤によって適切な粘度にすることができることを実証している。
上述した紙への塗布法を用いて、ポリアクリルアミドとポリビニルアミンとのブレンドを、シートの強度に対する効果について評価した。5-1を除くすべての実施例は、サイズプレス溶液中に3g/m2のExcelSize 15を含有していた。表5に示される通り、ポリアクリルアミド中にポリビニルアミンをブレンドすることによって、ポリアクリルアミド単独(比較例5-3)により達成可能な強度の増加を超える、強度の著しい増加がもたらされ、それにより、より大きな強度を、著しくより低い添加レベルで得ることができる。より高い添加レベルでは、乾燥強度において観察される利益は、実施例5-5によって示される通りに減少し得る。
上述した紙への塗布法を用いて、ポリアクリルアミドとポリビニルアミンとのブレンドを、実施例5のベースシートと同じベースシートを用いて、シート強度に対する効果について評価した。6-1を除くすべての実施例は、サイズプレス溶液中に2.12g/m2のExcelSize 15を含有していた。表6Aに示す通り、最も良好な結果は、約100000ダルトンの分子量の架橋ポリアクリルアミド(6-14から6-16)を成分Aとして用いたときに達成される。成分Aとしての他の架橋ポリアクリルアミドにより、非架橋ポリアクリルアミド(6-17から6-19)である成分Aにより得られた全体強度より大きい全体強度がもたらされたが、非架橋ポリアクリルアミドは、澱粉単独を超える乾燥強度の向上をもたらす。表6Bによって、乾燥強度を向上させるために成分Aとしてアニオン性ポリアクリルアミドを用いることの利点が実証されているが、その効果は、典型的には、成分Aとしての非イオン性ポリアクリルアミドにより得られる効果より小さい。
上述した紙への塗布法を用いて、ポリアクリルアミドである成分Aと、ポリビニルアミンである成分Bとのブレンドを、北米の工場からのベースシートを用いて、シートの強度に対する効果について評価した。7-1を除くすべての実施例は、サイズプレス溶液中に4g/m2のExcelSize 15を含有していた。この実施例において用いたもののように、より強いベースシートの場合には、強度の改善には、より高い添加レベルのポリマーが必要とされ、改善の程度は、より弱いベースシートについて観察される改善の程度より少ない。
ポリアクリルアミドと、ポリ(ジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド)(pDADMAC)(Ashland Incorporated、ウィルミントン、デラウェア州から)またはポリ(アリルアミン)(SIGMA-ALDRICH、ミルウォーキー、ウィスコンシン州から)との混合物を、実施例1のポリアクリルアミドと、上述したカチオン性ポリマーのいずれかとを混合することによって調製した。典型的な実験において、4oz.のジャーに、ポリアクリルアミド(PAM)溶液100gを充填した後に、カチオン性ポリマー溶液を添加した。ポリマーの混合物を、周囲温度で1時間、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌した。
上述した紙への塗布法を用いて、ポリアクリルアミドと様々なカチオン性ポリマーとのブレンドを、北米の工場からのベースシートを用いて、シートの強度に対する効果について評価した。9-1を除くすべての実施例は、サイズプレス溶液中に4g/m2のExcelSize C155を含有していた。これらの実施例により、本発明の成分としての、より低コストのカチオン性ポリマーの有用性が実証される。特定の実施例によって、多量のコーティング組成物が、コーティングの粘度に対する影響に起因して、強度の低下を引き起こすことが示されている。
ポリアクリルアミドと、ポリ(アクリルアミド-コ-[2-(アクリロイルオキシ)エチル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド)(Hercobond(登録商標)1200)またはポリ(アクリルアミド-コ-アクリル酸-コ-[2-(アクリロイルオキシ)エチル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド)(Hercobond(登録商標)1205)(両方とも、Ashland Inc.、ウィルミントン、デラウェア州から)との混合物を、実施例1のポリアクリルアミドと、上述したカチオン性ポリマーのいずれかとを混合することによって調製した。典型的な実験では、4oz.のジャーに、ポリアクリルアミド(PAM)溶液100gを充填した後に、カチオン性ポリマー溶液を添加した。ポリマーの混合物を、周囲温度で1時間、マグネチックスターラーで攪拌した。
実施例10で記述した通りにポリアクリルアミドとブレンドした、第四級官能基を有するカチオン性ポリマー、および両性ポリマーを、上述した紙への塗布法を用いて、強度性能について評価した。11-1を除くすべての実施例は、サイズプレス溶液中に4g/m2のExcelSize 15を含有していた。これらの実施例により、第四級アミン官能基を含有するカチオン性ポリマーの有用性が実証されている。
Claims (17)
- 5モルパーセント未満のアニオン性官能基をもつポリアクリルアミドからなる群から選択される成分Aと、
固体基準で1.00から12.00m当量/gの範囲内の電荷密度を有するカチオン性ポリマーからなる群から選択される成分Bと、
澱粉と
を含み、
成分Aの成分Bに対する重量比が、99:1から80:20であり、
成分Aおよび成分Bの合計の、澱粉に対する重量比が、1:105から1:1である、
形成済の紙の基材用のコーティング組成物。 - 成分Bが、アミン官能基を有するビニルモノマーまたはアリルモノマーから調製される、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Aが、モノマーから調製され、少なくとも1種の前記モノマーが、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、N-メチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-エチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、およびN-イソプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミドからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Aが、モノマーから調製され、少なくとも1種の前記モノマーが、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸、4-スチレンスルホン酸、および4-ビニル安息香酸、ならびにそれらの塩からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Bが、モノマーから調製され、少なくとも1種の前記モノマーが、ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、[2-(メタクリロイルオキシ)エチル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、[3-(メタクリロイルアミノ)プロピル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、[2-(アクリロイルオキシ)エチル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、[3-(アクリロイルオキシ)プロピル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、N,N-ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジアルキルジアリルアミン、ジアリルアミン、ジアルキルアリルアミン、およびアリルアミンからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の紙コーティング組成物。
- 成分Bが、アクリルアミド、(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-エチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、およびN-イソプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミドからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種のモノマーを追加して調製される、請求項5に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Bが、N-ビニルホルムアミド、N-ビニルアセトアミド、およびビニルN-フタルイミドからなる群からの少なくとも1種のモノマーから調製されるポリマーの加水分解生成物を含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Bが、ビニルアミン含有ポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Aが、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、メチレンビスアクリルアミド、メチレン-ビス-(メタ)アクリルアミド、エチレン-ビス-(メタ)アクリルアミド、およびヘキサメチレン-ビス-(メタ)アクリルアミドからなる群から選択されるモノマーによって架橋されている、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Bが、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、メチレンビスアクリルアミド、メチレン-ビス-(メタ)アクリルアミド、エチレン-ビス-(メタ)アクリルアミド、およびヘキサメチレン-ビス-(メタ)アクリルアミドからなる群から選択されるモノマーによって架橋されている、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Aの分子量が、30,000から300,000ダルトンである、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 成分Bの分子量が、50,000から600,000ダルトンである、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 澱粉が、非改質のまたは改質された、コーンスターチ、米澱粉、ジャガイモ澱粉、小麦澱粉、およびタピオカ澱粉からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の紙コーティング組成物。
- 組成物の粘度が、60℃の温度において1000センチポアズ未満である、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 5モルパーセント未満のアニオン性官能基をもつポリアクリルアミドからなる群から選択される成分Aと、
固体基準に、1.00から12.00m当量/gの範囲内の電荷密度を有するカチオン性ポリマーからなる群から選択される成分Bと、
澱粉と
を含み、
成分Aの成分Bに対する重量比が、99:1から80:20であり、
成分Aおよび成分Bの合計の、澱粉に対する重量比が、1:105から1:1である
組成物を、すでに形成済の紙に塗布する工程を含む、改善された乾燥強度をもつ紙の作製方法。 - 成分Bが、アミン官能基を有するビニルモノマーまたはアリルモノマーから調製され、成分Aの分子量が、30,000から300,000ダルトンであり、成分Bの分子量が、50,000から600,000ダルトンであり、組成物の粘度が、60℃の温度において1000センチポアズ未満である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 成分Bが、ビニルアミン含有ポリマーを含み、成分Aがアニオン性である、請求項16に記載の方法。
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CN102648254B (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
KR101777888B1 (ko) | 2017-09-12 |
EP2496651B1 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
AU2010315067B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
EP2496651A2 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
AU2010315067B9 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
WO2011057044A3 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
MX340374B (es) | 2016-07-07 |
ES2541448T3 (es) | 2015-07-20 |
BR112012010780B1 (pt) | 2019-09-10 |
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