JP5745426B2 - 両性のイオン交換樹脂を用いて濃厚な塩溶液から過塩素酸塩の除去 - Google Patents
両性のイオン交換樹脂を用いて濃厚な塩溶液から過塩素酸塩の除去 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5745426B2 JP5745426B2 JP2011541035A JP2011541035A JP5745426B2 JP 5745426 B2 JP5745426 B2 JP 5745426B2 JP 2011541035 A JP2011541035 A JP 2011541035A JP 2011541035 A JP2011541035 A JP 2011541035A JP 5745426 B2 JP5745426 B2 JP 5745426B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- perchlorate
- resin
- sodium
- solution
- sodium chlorate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 149
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 141
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 171
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 100
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 55
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 29
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 perchlorate anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010956 selective crystallization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNSDLXPSAYFUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC HNSDLXPSAYFUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium perchlorate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MPCRDALPQLDDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001485 alkali metal perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003843 chloralkali process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005989 chlorate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UPEMTJWJZGTCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O.OCl(=O)(=O)=O UPEMTJWJZGTCKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940077449 dichromate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008821 health effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007131 hydrochloric acid regeneration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012261 overproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002760 rocket fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OS(O)(=O)=O FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J43/00—Amphoteric ion-exchange, i.e. using ion-exchangers having cationic and anionic groups; Use of material as amphoteric ion-exchangers; Treatment of material for improving their amphoteric ion-exchange properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
NaCl+3H2O→NaClO3+3H2
より詳しく言えば、塩化ナトリウムの電解はアノードで塩素を製造し、カソードで水酸化物+水素を製造し、未分割の電解槽では、生成した塩素及び水酸化物が反応して次亜塩素酸及び次亜塩素酸イオンを形成し、これは更に溶液中で反応して塩素酸塩を形成する。アノードの副反応によって酸素の過剰生産を回避するのに、塩化ナトリウム濃度を調節して、主として塩素酸ナトリウムと塩化ナトリウム化合物を含有する溶液が得られる。この混合物は典型的には「槽液(cell liquor)」と記載される。電解槽における効率を更に促進させるのに、ジクロム酸ナトリウムの如き化学剤の添加は産業上周知である。然しながら、この添加はクロム含量により重金属汚染問題のせいとなる。
前記の塩溶液を両性樹脂で処理して吸着した過塩素酸塩と多成分アニオンとを含有する樹脂と過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液とを生成し;前記の過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液を除去することからなる低減方法を提供する。
1〜700gplのNaClO3、
0〜300gplのNaCl、
0〜20gplのNa2Cr2O7、
0〜50gplのNa2SO4、
0.1〜140gplのNaClO4;
好ましくは、
300〜650gplのNaClO3、
80〜130gplのNaCl、
3〜10gplのNa2Cr2O7、
0〜25gplのNa2SO4、
0.5〜100gplのNaClO4;及び
より好ましくは
480〜620gplのNaClO3、
80〜110gplのNaCl、
4〜6gplのNa2Cr2O7、
5〜20gplのNa2SO4、
20〜50gplのNaClO4
を含有する。
表1 強塩基アニオン交換樹脂(プロライトA−530E)を用いて塩素酸塩液から過塩素酸塩の除去
Cr2O7 -2 Cl- ClO3 - ClO4 -
g/L g/L g/L g/L
塩素酸塩液供給原料 5.0 62.8 357 5.4
新しい樹脂溶離液 3.2 60.4 342 0.7
1回目の再生溶離液後 3.7 60.5 345 0.2
2回目の再生溶離液後 3.6 56.0 323 0.2
米国特許第6,448,299号に記載された再生法を用いてのプロライトA−530E強塩基アニオン交換樹脂はメタノール中の塩化第2鉄/塩酸を用いての第一の再生方法と比較すると有意な改良を示したけれども、塩素酸ナトリウムプロセスにおける強酸性のテトラクロロフェレート(FeCl4)及び塩酸の使用について、その化学的な非混和性により並びに過塩素酸イオンについての樹脂能力及びその選択性により関心が残っている。該樹脂は過塩素酸イオンについて良好な親和性を示すが、ジクロム酸イオン及び塩素酸イオンについてもより小さな程度まで親和性を示す。
表2 両性樹脂(ダウエックス11A8)を用いて塩素酸塩液から過塩素酸塩の除去
Cr2O7 -2 Cl- ClO3 - ClO4 -
g/L g/L g/L g/L
塩素酸塩液の供給 4.4 58.0 365.7 19.3
結果が示す処によれば、両性(イオン抑制)樹脂カラムを用いると、回収すべき溶離液のフラクションを適当に選択することにより塩素酸塩液から過塩素酸イオンの選択的な除去が得られる。
表3 両性樹脂(ダウエックス11A8)を用いて塩素酸塩液から過塩素酸塩の除去
Cr2O7 -2 Cl- ClO3 - ClO4 -
g/L g/L g/L g/L
塩素酸塩液供給原料−1 4.4 58.0 365.7 19.3
塩素酸塩液供給原料−2 0 0.02 0.4 8.5
塩素酸塩液供給原料−3 3.5 48.1 305.2 4.1
表4 両性樹脂(ダイアイオンAMP01両性樹脂)を用いて塩素酸塩液から過塩素酸塩の除去
容量 温度 Cr2O7 -2 Cl- ClO3 - ClO4 -
mL ℃ g/L g/L g/L g/L
塩素酸塩液供給量 21 4.6 63.4 418.8 21.0
200 21 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.0
400 21 4.6 56.6 265.3 0.0
600 21 4.5 63.2 426.0 0.0
800 21 4.7 65.0 442.5 0.0
1000 21 4.5 63.5 432.5 0.7
1200 30 4.6 63.1 421.4 14.8
洗浄水
1450 85 2.6 45.6 369.2 29.7
1700 85 0 0.1 2.1 45.7
2200 85 0 0 0.2 5.6
2700 85 0 0 0 0.3
3200 85 0 0 0 0.0
元の塩素酸塩液を大体250mlの洗浄水(カラムにつき1450mlの全容量)で置換した後に、過塩素酸塩富化フラクション(1700〜2700ml)を転換し、別個に収集し、ジクロム酸塩と塩化物と塩素酸塩との成分の殆んど全てを含有する過塩素酸塩貧化流を後に残す。
表5 両性樹脂(ダイアイオンAMP01両性樹脂)を用いて塩素酸塩液から過塩素酸塩の除去
容量 温度 Cr2O7 -2 Cl- ClO3 - SO4 -2 ClO4 -
mL ℃ g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L
塩素酸塩液の供給量 21 3.7 50.9 312.7 17.1 13.9
200 21 3.5 27.9 70.5 17.4 0
400 21 3.8 50.0 293 18.0 0
600 21 3.8 52.2 321 18.6 0
800 21 3.9 51.3 319 20.4 0
1000 21 4.0 51.7 316 20.8 0
1200 21 4.2 52.5 322 20.7 3.1
洗浄水
1400 21 1.3 34.1 295 7.3 15.5
1600 80 0 0.4 24.7 0 33.4
1800 80 0 0.3 0.2 0 25
2000 80 0 0.1 0.2 0 10.4
2200 80 0 0 0 0 5.5
2700 80 0 0 0 0 1.3
3200 80 0 0 0 0 0
元の塩素酸塩液の大部分を大体200mlの洗浄水(カラムにつき1400mlの全容量)で置換した後に、過塩素酸塩富化フラクション(1600〜2700ml)を転用し、別個に収集してジクロム酸塩、塩化物硫酸塩及び塩素酸塩の諸成分の殆んど全てを含有する過塩素酸塩貧化流を後に残す。
12 塩素酸塩の晶出、分離プロセス
18 両性樹脂床
Claims (25)
- 塩素酸ナトリウムを主に含有する、多成分含有塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液中の過塩素酸塩の濃度を低減する方法であって、前記の塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液は、以下の濃度:
1〜700g/LのNaClO 3 、
0〜300g/LのNaCl、
0〜20g/LのNa 2 Cr 2 O 7 、
0〜50g/LのNa 2 SO 4 及び
0.1〜140g/LのNaClO 4
で塩化物、塩素酸塩、過塩素酸塩、硫酸塩及びジクロム酸塩よりなる群から選んだアニオンを含有してなり、該方法は前記の塩素酸ナトリウム溶液を両性樹脂で処理して、(i)吸着した過塩素酸塩と多成分アニオンとを含有する樹脂と (ii)過塩素酸塩の涸渇した塩素酸ナトリウム溶液とを生成し;前記の吸着した過塩素酸塩と多成分アニオンとを含有する樹脂から該過塩素酸塩の枯渇した塩素酸ナトリウム溶液を除去することからなる、過塩素酸塩の濃度を低減する方法。 - 前記の吸着した過塩素酸塩と多成分アニオンとを含有する樹脂を第1の量の溶離水で処理して第1の過塩素酸塩貧化溶離液と第1の溶離した樹脂とを生成し;該第1の過塩素酸塩貧化溶離液を収集することから更になる請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記の第1の溶離した樹脂を第2の量の溶離水で処理して第2の過塩素酸塩富化溶離液と第2の溶離した樹脂とを生成し;該第2の過塩素酸塩富化溶離液を収集することから更になる請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記の吸着した過塩素酸塩の樹脂の、前記の第1の量の溶離水での処理及び前記の第1の溶離した樹脂の、前記の第2の量の溶離水での処理は、連続的なプロセスを成す請求項3記載の方法。
- 前記の両性イオン交換樹脂は第1の樹脂容量を有し、前記の第1の量の溶離水と前記の第2の量の溶離水とを組合せると前記の第1の樹脂容量の1〜10倍の総容量を有する請求項3〜4の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 溶離水の前記総容量は前記の第1の樹脂容量の2〜5倍である請求項5記載の方法。
- 前記の塩素酸ナトリウム溶液は300〜650g/LのNaClO3を含有する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記の塩素酸ナトリウム溶液はさらに以下の成分;
80〜130g/LのNaCl
3〜10g/LのNa2Cr2O7
0〜25g/LのNa2SO4
0.5〜100g/LのNaClO4
を含有する請求項7記載の方法。 - 前記の塩素酸ナトリウム溶液は以下の成分;
480〜620g/LのNaClO3、
80〜110g/LのNaCl
4〜6g/LのNa2Cr2O7
5〜20g/LのNa2SO4
20〜50g/LのNaClO4
を含有する請求項7又は8記載の方法。 - 前記の塩素酸ナトリウム溶液は、塩素酸ナトリウム電解槽での塩化ナトリウムの電解から生じた槽液である請求項1〜9の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の塩素酸ナトリウム溶液は、塩素酸ナトリウム電解プロセスにおける塩素酸ナトリウム晶出器を出る母液である請求項1〜10の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の吸着した過塩素酸塩及び多成分アニオンは、前記の両性イオン交換樹脂に対するそれらの逆親和性の程度で前記の樹脂から前記の溶離水で溶離されて、前記の過塩素酸塩及びアニオンを分離し、その際余り付加されないアニオンが先ず溶離されて前記の第1の貧化溶離液を生成し然るにより強力に付加された過塩素酸塩は前記の溶離水で続いて溶離されて前記の第2の富化溶離液を生成する請求項1〜11の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の溶離水は脱イオン水である請求項1〜12の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液を、電解質の塩素酸ナトリウムプロセス、統合した二酸化塩素プロセス及び亜塩素酸ナトリウム製造プロセスよりなる群から選んだプロセスに再循環させることから更になる請求項1〜13の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の第1の貧化溶離液を、電解質の塩素酸ナトリウムプロセス、統合した二酸化塩素プロセス及び亜塩素酸ナトリウム製造プロセスよりなる群から選んだプロセスに再循環させることから更になる請求項2〜14の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の第2の富化溶離液を処理して回収した過塩素酸塩を生成することから更になる請求項3〜15の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の第2の富化溶離液を過塩素酸塩分解プロセスに対して処理して前記の過塩素酸塩を除去し且つ過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液を製造することから更になる請求項3〜15の何れか1つに記載の方法。
- 前記の分解プロセスは電解還元、熱分解及び電気的触媒プロセスよりなる群から選ばれる請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記の過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液を、電解質の塩素酸ナトリウムプロセス、統合した二酸化塩素プロセス及び亜塩素酸ナトリウム製造プロセスよりなる群から選んだプロセスに再循環させることから更になる請求項17又は18記載の方法。
- 前記の吸着した過塩素酸塩と多成分アニオンとを含有する樹脂を溶離水で処理して過塩素酸塩含有溶離液を生成することから更になる請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記の過塩素酸塩含有溶離液を処理して回収した過塩素酸塩を生成することから更になる請求項20記載の方法。
- 前記の過塩素酸塩含有溶離液を、過塩素酸塩分解プロセスに対して処理して前記の過塩素酸塩を除去し且つ過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液を製造することから更になる請求項19記載の方法。
- 前記の分解プロセスは、電解還元、熱分解及び電気的触媒プロセスよりなる群から選ばれる請求項21記載の方法。
- 前記の過塩素酸塩涸渇溶液を、電解質の塩素酸ナトリウムプロセス、統合した二酸化塩素プロセス及び亜塩素酸ナトリウム製造プロセスよりなる群から選んだプロセスに再循環させることから更になる請求項22又は23記載の方法。
- 前記の両性樹脂は弱酸カチオンと強塩基アニオン官能価とを含有する請求項1記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2008/002205 WO2010069031A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2008-12-17 | Perchlorate removal from concentrated salt solutions using amphoteric ion-exchange resins |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2012512013A JP2012512013A (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
JP5745426B2 true JP5745426B2 (ja) | 2015-07-08 |
Family
ID=42268209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011541035A Expired - Fee Related JP5745426B2 (ja) | 2008-12-17 | 2008-12-17 | 両性のイオン交換樹脂を用いて濃厚な塩溶液から過塩素酸塩の除去 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8882985B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2376389B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5745426B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0823341A2 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2482071C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010069031A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5616694B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2014-10-29 | オルガノ株式会社 | 過塩素酸イオン含有水の処理装置および過塩素酸イオン含有水の処理方法 |
JP5638456B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-06 | 2014-12-10 | 東邦亜鉛株式会社 | 過塩素酸イオン含有液の処理方法及び過塩素酸イオン含有液の処理装置 |
JP6320324B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-16 | 2018-05-09 | 株式会社日本海水 | 塩化カリウムの精製方法 |
RU2634022C1 (ru) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-10-23 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт полимерных материалов" | Способ очистки сточных вод от перхлората аммония |
CN105859007A (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-17 | 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 | 高盐高有机物废水的纯化制盐系统及方法 |
CN114988520B (zh) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-10 | 南京工业大学 | 一种利用改性特种树脂高效回收酸和盐的工艺 |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL111642C (ja) | 1955-09-29 | |||
FR2163818A5 (ja) | 1970-06-10 | 1973-07-27 | Electric Reduction Cy Ca | |
US4086329A (en) | 1974-12-13 | 1978-04-25 | Erco Industries Limited | Integrated chlorine dioxide producing system |
US4235717A (en) | 1978-09-22 | 1980-11-25 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for desalting an aqueous caustic solution |
US4478722A (en) * | 1983-10-04 | 1984-10-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for separating salts in aqueous streams |
SE463626B (sv) | 1988-12-28 | 1990-12-17 | Eka Nobel Ab | Foerfarande foer reducering av halten perklorat i elektrolyter foer kloratframstaellning |
US5324497A (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1994-06-28 | Westerlund G Oscar | Integrated procedure for high yield production of chlorine dioxide and apparatus used therefor |
US5458858A (en) | 1994-02-08 | 1995-10-17 | Vulcan Chemicals | Integrated procedure for high yield production of chlorine dioxide |
JP3195499B2 (ja) | 1994-09-08 | 2001-08-06 | 日本錬水株式会社 | アルカリ金属塩化物水溶液からの塩素酸塩の分離方法 |
US5681446A (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-10-28 | Sterling Pulp Chemicals, Ltd. | Impurity removal for sodium chlorate |
US5942084A (en) | 1997-01-24 | 1999-08-24 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Process for the separation of sulphides from pulping liquors using amphoteric resins |
JP2000126617A (ja) * | 1998-10-26 | 2000-05-09 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | イオン交換樹脂及び塩素酸塩の吸着分離方法 |
US6482305B1 (en) | 1999-09-01 | 2002-11-19 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Electrodialysis water splitting process |
US6448299B1 (en) | 2000-01-25 | 2002-09-10 | U.T. Battelle, Llc | Regeneration of strong-base anion-exchange resins by sequential chemical displacement |
US6800203B2 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2004-10-05 | U.T. Battelle | Catalytic destruction of perchlorate in ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid solution with control of temperature, pressure and chemical reagents |
JP2004346299A (ja) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-09 | Rohm & Haas Co | 高い選択性の過塩素酸塩除去樹脂、ならびにそれを使用する方法およびシステム |
US7311843B2 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2007-12-25 | Basin Water, Inc. | Bio degradation of oxyanions such as perchlorate on ion exchange resins |
US7371326B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2008-05-13 | Ionics, Incorporated | Water treatment/remediation system |
US7399725B2 (en) | 2004-04-23 | 2008-07-15 | Applied Intellectual Capital | Perchlorate destruction |
CA2567068A1 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2006-07-06 | Basin Water, Inc. | Perchlorate removal process |
US7250144B2 (en) | 2005-05-11 | 2007-07-31 | Tronox Llc | Perchlorate removal from sodium chlorate process |
CA2579031C (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2011-03-29 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for producing an arsenic-selective resin |
DE102006017371A1 (de) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-18 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Amphotere Ionenaustauscher zur Adsorption von Oxoanionen |
JP4839949B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-27 | 2011-12-21 | 日本錬水株式会社 | アルカリ金属塩化物の電解方法 |
US7407581B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 | 2008-08-05 | Basin Water, Inc. | Biodegradation of oxyanions such as perchlorate on ion exchange resins |
-
2008
- 2008-12-17 BR BRPI0823341-1A patent/BRPI0823341A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-17 WO PCT/CA2008/002205 patent/WO2010069031A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-12-17 EP EP08878828.6A patent/EP2376389B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-12-17 RU RU2011129684/04A patent/RU2482071C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-12-17 US US13/139,613 patent/US8882985B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-17 JP JP2011541035A patent/JP5745426B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2011129684A (ru) | 2013-01-27 |
EP2376389A4 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
BRPI0823341A2 (pt) | 2015-06-23 |
JP2012512013A (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
US20120152759A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
WO2010069031A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
EP2376389A1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
RU2482071C2 (ru) | 2013-05-20 |
EP2376389B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
US8882985B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5745426B2 (ja) | 両性のイオン交換樹脂を用いて濃厚な塩溶液から過塩素酸塩の除去 | |
EP2867388B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for generating or recovering hydrochloric acid from metal salt solutions | |
US5198080A (en) | Electrochemical processing of aqueous solutions | |
US5122240A (en) | Electrochemical processing of aqueous solutions | |
SE500107C2 (sv) | Förfarande för framställning av klordioxid | |
CN114875428A (zh) | 一种从提钾老卤中提取溴及生产溴化钠的方法 | |
US4483754A (en) | Electrolysis of sodium chloride with the use of ion exchange membranes | |
CN1073169C (zh) | 联合制备过氧化二硫酸钠和氢氧化钠溶液的电化学方法 | |
CA2746544C (en) | Process for producing chlorine, caustic soda, and hydrogen | |
JP2018035024A (ja) | 次亜塩素酸ソーダの製造方法及び次亜塩素酸ソーダの製造装置 | |
JPS5920483A (ja) | 電解セル塩水からのクロレ−トの除去方法 | |
JP3723592B2 (ja) | 塩化アルカリ金属水溶液の精製方法およびそのプラント | |
Lin et al. | Solubility products of sparingly soluble barium perborates in aqueous solution that contains B (OH) 3 and H2O2 at 25° C | |
EP0532535B2 (en) | Electrochemical production of acid chlorate solutions | |
CA2646875C (en) | Perchlorate removal from concentrated salt solutions using amphoteric ion-exchange resins | |
US20070012570A1 (en) | Electrochemical methods for making highly soluble oxidizing agents | |
US20180119298A1 (en) | Iodide removal from brine using ion retardation resins | |
JP2012091981A (ja) | 水酸化ナトリウムの精製方法 | |
EP2888388B1 (en) | Side stream removal of impurities in electrolysis systems | |
US20240120567A1 (en) | Electrochemical production of alkali metal hydroxides and sulfuric acid from battery manufacturing and recycling outlet streams | |
JP4436183B2 (ja) | ヨウ素イオン除去プロセス及び電解プロセス | |
US6132591A (en) | Method for removal of sulfate groups and chlorate groups from brine | |
KR20230162984A (ko) | 고순도 수산화리튬 일수화물을 생산하는 방법 | |
CN102418114A (zh) | 一种离子膜制碱用盐水中微量Fe(CN)64-离子的去除方法 | |
CA2018507C (en) | Electrochemical processing of aqueous solutions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20131211 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20140311 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20140318 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20140411 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20140418 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20140512 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20140519 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20140603 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20140910 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20141226 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20150210 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20150408 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20150501 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5745426 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |