JP5730313B2 - 接合方法、接合器具及び締結要素 - Google Patents
接合方法、接合器具及び締結要素 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5730313B2 JP5730313B2 JP2012530198A JP2012530198A JP5730313B2 JP 5730313 B2 JP5730313 B2 JP 5730313B2 JP 2012530198 A JP2012530198 A JP 2012530198A JP 2012530198 A JP2012530198 A JP 2012530198A JP 5730313 B2 JP5730313 B2 JP 5730313B2
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- adhesive
- fastening element
- surface portion
- heating
- joining
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 139
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
本発明はさらに、特に前述の方法によって、締結要素を部品の表面部分の上に接合するための接合器具に関し、最後に、そのような締結要素に関する。
熱可塑性材料でできている締結要素を熱可塑性部品に接合し、互いに対向する面が互いに溶融され、同様に、最終的に材料の結合が達成されることが、さらに知られている。
この理由は、接着面が表面部分の上に配置される前に、接着剤が第1の温度まで予熱されるだけではなく、表面部分も、好ましくは第1の温度とほぼ等しい(例えば、100℃よりも高く、200℃よりも低い範囲の)第2の温度まで予熱されるからである。
さらに、このことは、接着面の配置後に、接着剤に第3の温度までの本加熱を施して、接着剤を硬化させるという点で達成される。この場合、第3の温度までの本加熱は、接着剤に最終的キュアリングを施すように行われることが好ましい。
この場合、接着プロセスの継続時間及び接着の品質は、表面部分の予熱によって決定的に影響を受け得る。
接着面に対する離間突出部の高さは、そこに塗布される熱溶融可能かつ熱硬化可能な接着剤の高さよりも低いことが好ましい。
熱溶融可能かつ熱硬化可能な接着剤は、接着剤を熱的に又は加熱によって溶融することができ、より高い熱によって硬化させることができるように、液体又は高粘性状態において接着面に塗布され、まだ最終的キュアリングが施されていない、接着剤であると理解されることが好ましい。
従って、この場合は、接着面の配置という用語は、接着面と表面部分との間の予熱された接着剤が完全に移動されるのを防ぐために、接着面を、表面部分から一定の距離において表面部分の上に配置すること、即ち、表面部分に近づけることであると理解されるべきである。
接着剤の可能な限り最も迅速な加熱を容易にするために、金属粒子は同様に接着剤と混合されること、又は接着剤だけと混合されることが好ましい。
さらに、接着剤の予熱及び/又は接着剤の本加熱が締結要素の加熱を含む場合は有利であり、締結要素から接着剤内に熱伝導が行われる。
このように、接着剤を間接的に加熱することが可能である。
誘導技術による締結要素の加熱は、例えば、冒頭に述べた特許文献1から知られている。
しかしながら、誘導熱源を用いて部品を余熱することもでき、部品は、金属を含むことができ、全体がガラス繊維強化プラスチック又は炭素繊維強化プラスチック(これらの材料も、間接的加熱が可能であるように一定の伝導率を有する)で構成することもできる。
部品の加熱は、このような方法で行うこともできるが、締結要素又は接着剤の誘導加熱が好ましい。
最後に、接着剤又は表面部分を加熱するために、電気抵抗熱又は摩擦熱を用いることも可能である。
全体的に、締結要素の予熱及び表面部分の予熱が、時間の重なりを有した状態で行われる場合には、さらに有利である。
このことは、工程所要時間の短縮を可能にする。さらに、締結要素の予熱及び表面部分の予熱は、単一の加熱手段によって行うことができるが、これらの場合、これらの目的のために、別個の加熱手段を設けることも好ましい。
この場合には、予熱の前に、締結要素を、部品に対する定められた空間的位置に移動させる場合に特に有利である。
この実施形態の場合、好ましくは互いに独立して移動することができる、別個の加熱手段を用いることが可能である。この好ましい方法は、複数の締結要素を部品上に間断なく実現するのに特に適している。この場合、本加熱作業が行われている間、次の接合部位の表面部分を既に予熱しておくことができる。
この実施形態の場合、本発明による利点がもはや十分に達成可能でなくなる程度まで、表面部分が再び冷えてしまうのを防ぐことが可能である。これは、特に、接着剤の予熱及び表面部分の予熱が連続して行われる場合に当てはまる。
接合ツールにおいて、接合される締結要素を保持装置により保持することができる。次に、締結要素が保持装置上に保持されている間、こうした方法で保持された締結要素又はそこに塗布された接着剤を第1の加熱手段によって加熱することができる。次に、保持装置を接合軸に沿って部品上に移動させ、接着面を表面部分の上に配置することができる。
このことは、例えば、手持ち式ピストル用途にも適した、単純でコンパクトな構造体を可能にする。
さらに、この場合、保持装置及び第1の加熱手段によって構成されるユニット、及び/又は第2の加熱手段が、接合ツール上で移動可能になるように実現されることが好ましい。
この実施形態は、単純な手動の用途、又は、複数の締結要素を部品に間断なく接合する自動化された用途に特に適している。このような場合、次に、接合作業が行われている間、次の表面部分は既に予熱され、その表面部分は、次の部品が接合ツールによって引き継がれ、その接着剤が加熱されたときに、既に適切な予熱温度を有している。
用いられる接着剤は、熱溶融可能かつ硬化可能(キュア可能)であり、かつ、例えば主成分としてエポキシ樹脂を有することが好ましい。
本発明の例示的な実施形態が、図面に示され、以下の説明においてより十分に説明される。
締結要素26は、最初は熱溶融可能であり、後で熱硬化可能である接着剤30が塗布されている、より詳細な方法では示されていない接着面を有する。
このように、コイル72に通電することによって、接着剤30の第1の温度T1までの予熱、及び部品32の表面部分34の第2の温度T2までの予熱の両方を達成することができる。
シーケンス全体は、第2の加熱要素44及び接合ツール22の両方の移動を制御する制御装置48により、自動化された方法で行われることが好ましい。
締結要素26”は、例えば、金属で作製することができるが、金属粒子が内部に埋め込まれた熱硬化性プラスチックから実現することもでき、それにより、そこに塗布された接着剤30の間接的な加熱が可能になる。
接合ユニット91は、軸方向の貫通開口部116を有するスリーブ型場形成器70を含む。締結要素(例えば、図11及び図12の締結要素26”)を保持するために、真空118を貫通開口部116に適用することができる。この場合、シャンク部分は、その直径がシャンク部分の直径に適合される貫通開口部116内に延びる。
隆起部112によって、場形成器70は、フランジ部分108の上側への付着を防止することができる。
12:ロボット
14:制御/エネルギー供給ユニット
16:アーム
20:接合ヘッド
22:接合ツール
24:保持装置
26、26’、26”、26A、26B:締結要素
28:接合軸
30、30a:接着剤
32:部品
34、34A、34B:表面部分
36:加熱装置
38:第1の加熱手段
40、42、46:熱伝達
44:第2の加熱手段
48:制御装置
50:ハウジング
52:分割線
53:ビード
54:空気圧手段
56:接合運動
62:ロボット・ドック
64:コネクタ
68:誘導加熱装置
70:場形成器
72:電磁コイル
74:中間部
76:開口部
78:第1のU字形リム
80:第2のU字形リム
82:磁気回路
84、86、88、89:力線
91:接合ユニット
100:基部本体
102:カバー
104:レシーバ
106:シャンク部分
108:フランジ部分
109:接着面
110:離間突出部
112:隆起部
116:貫通開口部
118:真空
120:温度センサ
122:軸方向チャネル
T1:第1の温度
T2:第2の温度
T3:第3の温度
Claims (10)
- 熱溶融可能かつ熱硬化可能である接着剤(30)が塗布された接着面(109)を有する締結要素(26)を、部品(32)の表面部分(34)の上に接合する方法であって、 前記接着剤(30)を第1の温度(T1)まで予熱して、前記接着剤を溶融するステップと、
前記表面部分(34)を第2の温度(T2)まで予熱するステップと、
前記接着面(109)を前記表面部分(34)の上に配置するステップと、
前記接着面(109)を前記表面部分(34)の上に配置した後、前記接着剤(30)に第3の温度(T3)までの本加熱を施して前記接着剤を硬化させ、これにより前記締結要素(26)が前記部品(32)に恒久的に締結されるようにするステップと、
を含み、
前記接着剤(30)を予熱するステップと前記接着剤に本加熱を施すステップは、前記締結要素(26)を加熱し、該締結要素(26)から前記接着剤(30)への熱伝導により該接着剤を加熱することにより行われ、
前記表面部分(34)を予熱するステップは、加熱手段(44)からの熱伝達によって行われ、
前記接着剤(30)を予熱するステップと、前記表面部分(34)を予熱するステップは、時間の重なりをもって行われる
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記第3の温度(T3)は、前記第1の温度(T1)と等しいか、又はこれより高いことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記締結要素(26)は、前記予熱の前に、前記部品(32)に対して定められた空間的位置に移動されることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記表面部分(34)の前記予熱、及び、前記表面部分(34)の上への前記予熱された接着面(109)の前記配置は、前記表面部分(34)の前記予熱の完了後の所定の期間内にのみ前記配置が許容可能になるように、制御を通じてリンクされることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの第1の締結要素(26A)及び1つの第2の締結要素(26B)が、第1の表面部分(34A)及び第2の表面部分(34B)の上に接合され、前記第1の締結要素(26A)の前記本加熱、及び、前記第2の表面部分(34B)の前記予熱は、時間の重なりを有した状態で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜請求項5のいずれかに記載の方法による、熱溶融可能で熱硬化可能な接着剤(30)が塗布された接着面(109)を有する締結要素(26)を、部品(32)の表面部分(34)の上に接合するための接合器具(10)であって、
前記締結要素(26)を保持するための、接合軸(28)に沿って移動されるように設計された保持装置(24)と、
前記締結要素(26)を加熱して該締結要素(26)からの熱伝導によって前記接着剤(30)を加熱する第1の加熱手段(38、70)及び熱伝達(46)によって前記表面部分(34)を加熱する第2の加熱手段(44)を含む加熱装置(36)と、
制御装置(48)と、
を備え、前記制御装置(48)は、
前記接着剤(30)を最初に予熱するように前記加熱装置(36)を制御し、次に前記保持装置(24)が前記部品(32)の上に移動され、前記締結要素(26)を前記表面部分(34)の上に配置するように該保持装置(24)を制御し、その後、前記加熱装置(36)を制御して、前記接着剤を硬化させるために、前記締結要素(26)と前記表面部分(34)との間の前記接着剤(30)に本加熱を施すように構成されており、
前記接着剤(30)の予熱と前記接着剤の本加熱とは、前記第1の加熱手段(38、70)により該締結要素(26)を加熱し、該締結要素(26)から前記接着剤(30)への熱伝導により該接着剤を加熱することにより行われ、前記表面部分(34)の予熱は、前記第2の加熱手段(44)からの熱伝達(46)により行われ、前記接着剤(30)の予熱と、前記表面部分(34)の予熱とは、時間の重なりをもって行われるように前記制御装置(48)によって制御される
ことを特徴とする接合器具。 - 前記加熱装置(36)における、前記接着剤(30)を加熱するための第1の加熱手段(38)と、前記保持装置(24)とは、接合ツール(22)のハウジング(50)上に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の接合器具。
- 前記第2の加熱手段(44)もまた、前記接合ツール(22)の前記ハウジング(50)上に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の接合器具。
- 前記保持装置(24)及び前記第1の加熱手段(38)によって構成されるユニット、及び前記第2の加熱手段(44)の一方又は両方は、前記接合ツール(22)上で移動可能であることを特徴とする、請求項7又は請求項8に記載の接合器具。
- 前記保持装置(24)及び前記第1の加熱手段(38)によって構成された前記ユニット、並びに前記第2の加熱手段(44)は、互いに独立して移動可能であることを特徴とする、請求項7〜請求項9のいずれかに記載の接合器具。
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DE102004012786A1 (de) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-29 | Newfrey Llc, Newark | Fügevorrichtung zum Befestigen von kleinteiligen Bauelementen an einer Trägerfläche durch Kleben |
DE102006012411A1 (de) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-04-05 | Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH | Verbindungselement und Verfahren zu seiner Befestigung auf einer Oberfläche |
JP4751248B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-26 | 2011-08-17 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | 摩擦部材の製造方法 |
US7645105B2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2010-01-12 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Projection welded fastener with integral sealer |
DE102006038624A1 (de) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-03-06 | Tesa Ag | Verfahren zur Fixierung eines Bauteils auf einem zu lackierenden Fügepartner |
ATE494184T1 (de) * | 2006-09-20 | 2011-01-15 | Hebic | Befestigungselement für eine innenverkeidung und verfahren zum verwenden desselben |
DE102008059242A1 (de) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-27 | Newfrey Llc, Newark | Fügeverfahren und -vorrichtung |
DE102008059243A1 (de) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-27 | Newfrey Llc, Newark | Fügebauteil und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Fügebauteils |
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2009
- 2009-09-23 DE DE102009042467A patent/DE102009042467A1/de not_active Ceased
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2010
- 2010-08-23 KR KR1020127007683A patent/KR101741861B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-08-23 EP EP10744705.4A patent/EP2480616B1/en active Active
- 2010-08-23 WO PCT/EP2010/062268 patent/WO2011036008A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-23 JP JP2012530198A patent/JP5730313B2/ja active Active
- 2010-08-23 CN CN201080052936.9A patent/CN102666761B/zh active Active
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2012
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111223393A (zh) * | 2018-11-26 | 2020-06-02 | 曼兹股份公司 | 使用面辐射器来接合两个接合件的方法及接合装置 |
Also Published As
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CN102666761A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
WO2011036008A3 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
WO2011036008A2 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
US20120227889A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
CN102666761B (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
DE102009042467A1 (de) | 2011-03-24 |
EP2480616B1 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
JP2013505343A (ja) | 2013-02-14 |
KR101741861B1 (ko) | 2017-05-30 |
KR20120089275A (ko) | 2012-08-09 |
US8741081B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
EP2480616A2 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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