JP5688096B2 - 鉄ゼオライト、鉄ゼオライトの製造方法、および亜酸化窒素の触媒還元方法 - Google Patents
鉄ゼオライト、鉄ゼオライトの製造方法、および亜酸化窒素の触媒還元方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5688096B2 JP5688096B2 JP2012543650A JP2012543650A JP5688096B2 JP 5688096 B2 JP5688096 B2 JP 5688096B2 JP 2012543650 A JP2012543650 A JP 2012543650A JP 2012543650 A JP2012543650 A JP 2012543650A JP 5688096 B2 JP5688096 B2 JP 5688096B2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 206
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 107
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 88
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 76
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 75
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 2
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000441 X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HHUIAYDQMNHELC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O HHUIAYDQMNHELC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAIQCYZCSGLAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si+4].[O-2].[Al+3] Chemical compound [Si+4].[O-2].[Al+3] YAIQCYZCSGLAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical class O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005216 hydrothermal crystallization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940087654 iron carbonyl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011010 synthetic spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
Description
驚くべきことに、ゼオライト上の鉄の位置の数が、ゼオライト中のカチオン位置の数より大きな鉄含有ゼオライトが見出された。
本発明はまた、気相反応での鉄ペンタカルボニルとの反応で製造できるBETA構造の鉄含有ゼオライトであって、10nmを越える鉄クラスターの数が、鉄の総量に対して15重量%未満である鉄含有ゼオライトに関する。
本発明はまた、鉄含有ゼオライト材料(例えば、BETAまたはCHA構造の鉄含有ゼオライト)の製造方法であって、鉄ペンタカルボニルを用いる気相反応で鉄をドーピングすることからなる方法に関する。
気相プロセス(i)は、好ましくは次のように行われる。
本発明はまた、本発明により製造された鉄含有ゼオライト材料の炭化水素の変換反応での、酸化反応、フィッシャートロプシュ反応、酸化窒素の選択的触媒還元での触媒としての利用に関する。
本発明の方法により、カチオン位置により制限される鉄含量より大きな鉄含量をもつ鉄含有ゼオライト系材料を製造することができる。また、イオン交換反応で同様に製造した鉄含有ゼオライト材料より大きな比表面積をもつ鉄含有ゼオライト材料を製造することができる。結果として、本発明の鉄含有ゼオライトは大きな水熱安定性をもつ。また、気孔中に金属鉄が均一かつ選択的に分布した鉄含有ゼオライト材料が製造される。また、気孔外部への鉄の析出が見られない。また、従来の湿式化学的な方法と較べて、気相での負荷と熱分解の2工程を用いてこの製造を安価に実施することができる。また、本発明の鉄含有ゼオライト系材料は、DeNOxプロセスでの高い排ガス分解活性に特徴がある。
1.鉄含有ゼオライト材料の製造
ベータゼオライトへの2.4重量%のFeの添加
115℃で、やや減圧下(−15mbar)で、31分間、15gのベータゼオライト中に、一酸化炭素中の濃度が1.2体積%の鉄ペンタカルボニルのガス流を通過させた。その後、このゼオライト床をもつ容器を外から200℃に加熱し、200℃で25分間、やや減圧下(−15mbar)でアルゴンを通過させた。TEM(透過型電子顕微鏡)分析の結果、得られた触媒には、気孔外部に鉄の析出が見られなかった。EDX・X線スペクトロスコピー分析では、ゼオライト支持体上での均一な鉄の分布が示された。
ベータゼオライトへの1.6重量%のFeの添加
14gのベータゼオライトに、150℃でやや減圧下(−15mbar)で31分間、アルゴン中の濃度が1.2体積%の鉄ペンタカルボニルを含むガス流を通した。この試験では、最初からゼオライト床をもつ容器を外部から200℃に加熱した。その後、この床に、直接的やや減圧下(−15mbar)で、アルゴンを200℃で28分間通した。
ベータゼオライトへの5重量%のFeの添加
12gのベータゼオライトに、115℃でやや減圧下(−15mbar)で27分間、アルゴン中の濃度が1.2体積%の鉄ペンタカルボニルを含むガス流を通過させた。その後、ゼオライト床をもつ容器を外部から200℃に加熱し、やや減圧下(−15mbar)、200℃で22分間アルゴンを通した。
チャバザイトSS2−13への1.4重量%のFeの添加
115℃で、やや減圧下(−15mbar)で31分間、11gのベータゼオライト中に、一酸化炭素中の濃度が1.2体積%の鉄ペンタカルボニルのガス流を通過させた。その後、このゼオライト床をもつ容器を外から200℃に加熱し、200℃で22分間、やや減圧下(−15mbar)でアルゴンを通過させた。この触媒を次いで、700℃で48時間スチームで処理した。
He中に500ppmのNO、500ppmのNH3、10%のO2、5%のH2Oを含む混合ガスを用い、オーブン中で、体積ベースでのガス空間速度(GH)が80000h−1で、このガスを粉末床に通して変換率を測定した。用いた比較用触媒は、標準的な方法でイオン交換で製造したベータゼオライトで、1.4重量%のFeと0.15重量%のCeO2を含むものである。その結果を表1に示す。
750℃で10%スチームで24時間養生後(DIN66135)、(i)気相反応で製造した鉄含有ベータゼオライト(1.2重量%のFe)と(ii)イオン交換反応で製造した鉄含有ベータゼオライト(1.5重量%のFe)の比表面積を測定した。
Claims (2)
- アンモニア又はアンモニア前駆体を添加しながら酸化窒素を触媒還元するための触媒であって、
BETA構造の鉄含有ゼオライトを含み、
金属状態の鉄含有量がゼオライト系材料に対して0.01〜20重量%であり、及び
前記BETA構造の鉄含有ゼオライトは、気相反応で鉄ペンタカルボニルを用いて鉄をドーピングすることにより製造され、このドーピングは以下の成分工程(i)〜(iii)、
(i)気相の添加、
(ii)熱分解、及び
(iii)ゼオライト系材料へのキャリアーガスの通過、
により行われ、及び
成分工程(i)において、温度が10〜250℃で、圧力が0.1〜10barで、0.1分〜10時間、ガス流中の鉄ペンタカルボニルの濃度が0.1〜100体積%であるガス状鉄ペンタカルボニルが上記ゼオライト系材料に通され、及び
成分工程(ii)において、鉄ペンタカルボニルをもつゼオライト系材料にキャリアーガスを通過させ、成分工程(ii)での温度が10〜500℃で、圧力が0.1〜10barで、反応時間が0.1分〜10時間であり、
成分工程(iii)において、温度が500〜1000℃で、圧力が0.1〜10barで、上記ゼオライト系材料にキャリアーガスが通過される、
ことを特徴とする触媒。 - 金属状態の鉄含有量がゼオライト系材料に対して0.5〜5重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の触媒。
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CN103249669B (zh) | 2010-11-11 | 2016-02-24 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 制备乙炔和合成气的方法和装置 |
JP5116880B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-18 | 2013-01-09 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | Fe(II)置換ベータ型ゼオライト、それを含むガス吸着剤及びその製造方法、並びに一酸化窒素及びハイドロカーボンの除去方法 |
JP6395856B2 (ja) | 2014-04-07 | 2018-09-26 | ハルドール・トプサー・アクチエゼルスカベット | 固体イオン交換による金属交換された微孔質材料の製造方法 |
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