JP5669830B2 - 太陽電池を製造する方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池を製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000002077 nanosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KACUYPDOCGVCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SiH3]N.CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN Chemical compound [SiH3]N.CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN KACUYPDOCGVCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001883 metal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000708 deep reactive-ion etching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002113 octoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021422 solar-grade silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009623 Bosch process Methods 0.000 description 1
- YDCWBDWPPAHSOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1CCC1.F.F.F.F.F.F.F.F Chemical compound C1CCC1.F.F.F.F.F.F.F.F YDCWBDWPPAHSOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000252506 Characiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006664 bond formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0352—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions
- H01L31/035209—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions comprising a quantum structures
- H01L31/035227—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their shape or by the shapes, relative sizes or disposition of the semiconductor regions comprising a quantum structures the quantum structure being quantum wires, or nanorods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/813—Of specified inorganic semiconductor composition, e.g. periodic table group IV-VI compositions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/827—Nanostructure formed from hybrid organic/inorganic semiconductor compositions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Recrystallisation Techniques (AREA)
Description
102:ナノワイヤ
104:エミッタ層
202:基板
204:球
502:ワイヤ
702:エミッタ層
802:メサ構造体
902:上部コンタクト電極
904:底部コンタクト電極
1300A、1300B、1300C:走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)画像
1302:ナノワイヤ
1304:画像1300Bの部分
1400、1500:SEM画像
1402、1502:エミッタ層
Claims (19)
- 太陽電池を製造する方法であって、
ドープ基板を準備するステップと、
前記基板の上に、ナノ球、微小球、又はそれらの組み合わせを含む球の単層を堆積させるステップと、
前記球をトリミングして、前記単層の中の個々の球の間に空間を設けるステップと、
前記トリミングされた球をマスクとして用いて反応性イオン・エッチングすることにより、前記基板内に、ナノワイヤ、マイクロワイヤ、又はそれらの組み合わせを含むワイヤをパターン形成するステップと、
前記基板及び前記ワイヤを酸化及びRCA洗浄することにより、前記反応性イオン・エッチングによる表面損傷を除去するステップと、
前記基板と反対のドープ型のドーパント源からのドライブイン拡散により、前記パターン形成されたワイヤ及び前記基板にドープ・エミッタ層を形成するステップと、
前記エミッタ層の上に上部コンタクト電極を堆積させるステップと、
前記基板の前記ワイヤとは反対の側に底部コンタクト電極を堆積させるステップとを含む方法。 - 太陽電池を製造する方法であって、
ドープ基板を準備するステップと、
前記基板の上に、ナノ球、微小球、又はそれらの組み合わせを含む球の単層を堆積させるステップと、
前記球をトリミングして、前記単層の中の個々の球の間に空間を設けるステップと、
前記トリミングされた球をマスクとして用いて反応性イオン・エッチングすることにより、前記基板内に、ナノワイヤ、マイクロワイヤ、又はそれらの組み合わせを含むワイヤをパターン形成するステップと、
前記基板及び前記ワイヤを酸化及びRCA洗浄することにより、前記反応性イオン・エッチングによる表面損傷を除去するステップと、
前記基板と反対のドープ型の半導体材料を前記パターン形成されたワイヤ及び前記基板上に堆積することによりドープ・エミッタ層を形成するステップと、
前記エミッタ層の上に上部コンタクト電極を堆積させるステップと、
前記基板の前記ワイヤとは反対の側に底部コンタクト電極を堆積させるステップとを含む方法。 - 前記基板はシリコン基板である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記球は、ポリスチレンラテックスのナノ球、微小球、又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記球は液体縣濁中にあり、前記単層を堆積させるステップは、スピンオン技術を用いて前記基板の上に前記球を堆積させる、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記球は、酸素プラズマ反応性イオン・エッチングを用いてトリミングされる、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ワイヤは、深い反応性イオン・エッチング・プロセスを用いて前記基板内にパターン形成される、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は、n型又はp型ドーパントでドープされる、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記エミッタ層は、前記基板がp型ドーパントでドープされている場合にはn型ドーパントで、又は、前記基板がn型ドーパントでドープされている場合にはp型ドーパントでドープされる、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記エミッタ層は、n型又はp型ドーパントで1×1019cm−3から1×1021cm−3の濃度にドープされる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記ドーパント源はスピンオン・ガラス・ドーパント源である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ドーパント源は気相ドーパント前駆物質である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記基板と反対のドープ型の半導体材料は、蒸着、スパッタリング、又はエピタキシャル成長を用いて前記ワイヤ及び前記基板上に堆積される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記上部コンタクト電極は、インジウムスズ酸化物、並びに、アルミニウム、銅、ニッケル、チタン、パラジウム、銀及び金のうちの1つ又は複数を含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記底部コンタクト電極は、アルミニウム、銅、ニッケル、チタン、パラジウム、銀及び金のうちの1つ又は複数を含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記上部コンタクト電極及び前記底部コンタクト電極は、金属蒸着、電気めっき、又はスクリーン印刷を用いて堆積される、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記球はその表面上に少なくとも1つの官能基を有し、前記単層を堆積させるステップは、前記球の単層が堆積される前記基板の表面を、前記球の前記表面上の前記官能基と相補的な基で官能化して、前記球と前記基板との間の付着力を強める、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記球は、その前記表面上にカルボキシル官能基を有し、前記基板の前記表面はアミノシラン[3−(2−アミノエチルアミノ)プロピル]トリメタノキシシランで官能化される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記ワイヤの半径は、小数キャリアの拡散長に匹敵する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/480,163 US8211735B2 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2009-06-08 | Nano/microwire solar cell fabricated by nano/microsphere lithography |
US12/480,163 | 2009-06-08 | ||
PCT/US2010/036920 WO2010144274A1 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2010-06-01 | Nano/microwire solar cell fabricated by nano/microsphere lithography |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2012529756A JP2012529756A (ja) | 2012-11-22 |
JP5669830B2 true JP5669830B2 (ja) | 2015-02-18 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2012514046A Expired - Fee Related JP5669830B2 (ja) | 2009-06-08 | 2010-06-01 | 太陽電池を製造する方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US8211735B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5669830B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN102414788B (ja) |
TW (1) | TW201117401A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010144274A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (78)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9515218B2 (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2016-12-06 | Zena Technologies, Inc. | Vertical pillar structured photovoltaic devices with mirrors and optical claddings |
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