JP5645283B2 - 高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム及び方法 - Google Patents
高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D5/00—Arrangements of reactor and engine in which reactor-produced heat is converted into mechanical energy
- G21D5/04—Reactor and engine not structurally combined
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
- F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1823—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines for gas-cooled nuclear reactors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C1/00—Reactor types
- G21C1/04—Thermal reactors ; Epithermal reactors
- G21C1/06—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated
- G21C1/07—Pebble-bed reactors; Reactors with granular fuel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C1/00—Reactor types
- G21C1/04—Thermal reactors ; Epithermal reactors
- G21C1/06—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated
- G21C1/08—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling water reactor, integral super-heat reactor, pressurised water reactor
- G21C1/10—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling water reactor, integral super-heat reactor, pressurised water reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated
- G21C1/12—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling water reactor, integral super-heat reactor, pressurised water reactor moderator and coolant being different or separated moderator being solid, e.g. Magnox reactor or gas-graphite reactor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D5/00—Arrangements of reactor and engine in which reactor-produced heat is converted into mechanical energy
- G21D5/04—Reactor and engine not structurally combined
- G21D5/08—Reactor and engine not structurally combined with engine working medium heated in a heat exchanger by the reactor coolant
- G21D5/12—Liquid working medium vaporised by reactor coolant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Description
(1)燃料要素の性能が優れること、
(2)黒鉛炉心の熱容量が大きいこと、
(3)全域的に反応度の温度係数がマイナスであること、そして
(4)冷却剤のヘリウムガスは不活性ガスであり、その化学安定性が優れるため、相転移を生じないこと。
(1)運転中に燃料を交換でき、発電所の稼働率が高い。
(2)炉心の過剰反応度が小さいので、反応度を制御しやすく、中性子の経済性が高い。
(3)取出燃料の燃焼度が均一であり、取出燃料の燃焼度が高く、燃料の利用率が高い。
(4)正常運転中においては、粒子燃料の温度が低く、原子炉の出口温度を更に向上させやすい。
2 炉心
3 冷ヘリウムガス流路
4 熱ヘリウムガス流路
5 炉心頂部
6 炉心底部
7 高温高圧蒸気
8 二次回路水
9 蒸気発生器
10 主ヘリウム送風機
11 NSSSモジュール
12 原子力発電所補助システム
13 蒸気動力システム
14 発電機
15 蒸気再熱器
21 高圧シリンダ
22 低圧シリンダ
23 復水器
24 復水ポンプ
25 低圧加熱器
26 脱気器
27 給水ポンプ
28 高圧加熱器
29 中圧シリンダ
30 再熱器
32 熱気チューブ
33 燃料要素
Claims (10)
- 閉鎖蒸気回路を形成するために首尾順次に接続されることにより、複数の原子力蒸気供給システムモジュール、高圧シリンダ(21)、低圧シリンダ(22)、復水器(23)、復水ポンプ(24)、低圧加熱器(25)、脱気器(26)、給水ポンプ(27)及び高圧加熱器(28)を具備し、前記原子力蒸気供給システムモジュールは、2台の圧力容器にそれぞれ設置される原子炉(1)と、蒸気発生器(9)とを含み、前記原子炉(1)と前記蒸気発生器(9)との間が熱気チューブ(32)により接続され、前記蒸気発生器(9)のハウジングの上部に主ヘリウム送風機が設置され、前記高圧シリンダ(21)は、再熱器(30)と中圧シリンダ(29)にそれぞれ接続し、前記中圧シリンダ(29)の出口は、前記再熱器(30)に接続し、並びに前記再熱器(30)は、前記低圧シリンダ(22)に接続することを特徴とする高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記高圧シリンダ(21)と前記低圧シリンダ(22)との間に、蒸気再熱器(15)と中圧シリンダ(29)が順番に接続されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉蒸気の発電システム。
- 前記高圧加熱器(28)の出口は、前記蒸気再熱器(15)の初期加熱部に接続し、且つ前記蒸気発生器(9)の入口は、前記蒸気再熱器(15)の初期加熱部に接続することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記高圧シリンダ(21)の出口は、蒸気発生器(9)の再加熱部に接続することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記原子炉(1)は、流動可能なペブルベッド構造になって設計される炉心(2)を有し、燃料要素(33)は、前記炉心(2)の中に置かれ、且つ前記炉心(2)の頂部(5)から前記炉心(2)の底部(6)へ流すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記原子炉(1)は、固定配置される角柱状構造の炉心(2)を有し、燃料要素(33)は前記炉心(2)に置かれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記燃料要素(33)は、全セラミック型被覆粒子燃料要素を採用することを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記蒸気発生器(9)は、貫流式蒸気発生器であり、螺旋管の構造を用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 前記熱気チューブ(32)は環状の構造を採用し、その外環はヘリウムガスを前記蒸気発生器(9)から前記原子炉(1)へ流入させるための冷ヘリウムガス流路(3)であり、内環はヘリウムガスを前記原子炉(1)から前記蒸気発生器(9)へ流入させる熱ヘリウムガス流路(4)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システム。
- 請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載の高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電システムを利用した高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電方法であって、
複数の原子力蒸気供給システムモジュールにより蒸気を生じるS1工程と、
前記蒸気を並列に連接した後、高圧シリンダ(21)と低圧シリンダ(22)に順番に送入し、仕事をさせることで、発電機(14)を駆動するS2工程と、
仕事をした湿り蒸気が復水器(23)に入り込んで放熱し、その後、復水ポンプ(24)、低圧加熱器(25)、脱気器(26)、給水ポンプ(27)と高圧加熱器(28)に順番に経てから、蒸気発生器(9)に入り込んで、1回の熱力循環を完成するS3工程と、
前記S1−S3工程を繰り返して施すS4工程とを具備し、
前記原子力蒸気供給システムモジュールは、2台の圧力容器にそれぞれ設置される原子炉(1)と、蒸気発生器(9)とを含み、前記原子炉(1)と前記蒸気発生器(9)との間が熱気チューブ(32)により接続され、前記蒸気発生器(9)のハウジングの上部に主ヘリウム送風機が設置され、
前記S2工程において、蒸気を前記高圧シリンダ(21)に送り込んで仕事をした後、前記高圧シリンダ(21)から流出した蒸気の一部が再熱器(30)に入り込んで直接に加熱され、前記高圧シリンダ(21)から流出したもう一部の蒸気がまず中圧シリンダ(29)に入り込んで仕事をしてから、前記再熱器(30)を用いてその出口蒸気を加熱し、最後、直接に加熱された蒸気、及び前記中圧シリンダを経て仕事をしてから加熱された蒸気を前記低圧シリンダ(22)に送入して仕事をすることを特徴とする高温ガス冷却原子炉の蒸気発電方法。
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CN200910243721.4 | 2009-12-23 | ||
CN2009102437214A CN101714413B (zh) | 2009-12-23 | 2009-12-23 | 高温气冷堆蒸汽发电系统及方法 |
PCT/CN2010/000085 WO2011075923A1 (zh) | 2009-12-23 | 2010-01-20 | 高温气冷堆蒸汽发电系统及方法 |
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US (1) | US9111652B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2518733B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5645283B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101454089B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101714413B (ja) |
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CA (1) | CA2785255C (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE039708T2 (ja) |
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CN103498816B (zh) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | 高温气冷堆主氦风机承压法兰结构 |
CN104751923A (zh) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-01 | 北京三超核科学技术研究院有限公司 | 一体化高温气冷球床型核反应堆发电系统 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111441754A (zh) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 基于小型气冷堆的核能制汽采油系统 |
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KR101454089B1 (ko) | 2014-10-22 |
CA2785255A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
JP2013515946A (ja) | 2013-05-09 |
EP2518733A4 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
PL2518733T3 (pl) | 2018-11-30 |
RU2515496C2 (ru) | 2014-05-10 |
BR112012015552B1 (pt) | 2019-11-12 |
EP2518733A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
EP2518733B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
BR112012015552A2 (pt) | 2017-03-14 |
US20120269314A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
HUE039708T2 (hu) | 2019-01-28 |
CN101714413B (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
US9111652B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
CN101714413A (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
KR20120086358A (ko) | 2012-08-02 |
CA2785255C (en) | 2015-06-23 |
MY166136A (en) | 2018-06-06 |
WO2011075923A1 (zh) | 2011-06-30 |
RU2012126055A (ru) | 2014-02-10 |
ZA201204897B (en) | 2013-09-25 |
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