JP5639477B2 - 二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム - Google Patents
二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims description 258
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims description 83
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims description 80
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 R22 Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/01—Heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
- F25B2600/0261—Compressor control by controlling unloaders external to the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21151—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the suction side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
- F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21161—Temperatures of a condenser of the fluid heated by the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
- F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
- F25B2700/21173—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the outlet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
- F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
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Description
Claims (12)
- 冷媒圧縮装置と、該冷媒圧縮装置から受けた高圧の二酸化炭素冷媒を冷却媒体と熱交換させるための冷媒放熱用熱交換器と、低圧の二酸化炭素冷媒を加熱媒体と熱交換させるための冷媒吸熱用熱交換器と、前記冷媒放熱用熱交換器の下流側でかつ前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器の上流側に配置された膨張装置と、を備えた冷媒回路と、
前記冷媒回路において前記冷媒放熱用熱交換器の下流側でかつ前記膨張装置の上流側に配置されたフラッシュタンクレシーバと、
前記冷媒圧縮装置の中間圧力段と、前記冷媒回路の前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器の下流側でかつ前記冷媒圧縮装置の吸入口の上流側の位置と、を連通させる冷媒ラインと、該冷媒ラインに配置された流れ制御装置と、を有したコンプレッサ用アンローダ回路と、
前記膨張装置および前記流れ制御装置と関連して動作するコントローラであって、冷媒蒸気圧縮システムが所定の上限未満の吐出側圧力で動作する状態を維持するために、前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器の下流側に配置された第1のセンサによって検出された第1のシステム動作パラメータに応答して前記膨張装置を調整し、前記冷媒圧縮装置の吐出側の第2のセンサによって検出された第2のシステム動作パラメータに応答して前記流れ制御装置を選択的に位置決めするように動作する、コントローラと、
を備えた二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。 - 前記第2のシステム動作パラメータは、吐出側の冷媒圧力であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。
- 前記第2のシステム動作パラメータは、吐出側の冷媒温度であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。
- 前記圧縮装置は、少なくとも2つの圧縮段を有した単一の往復動型コンプレッサであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。
- 前記圧縮装置は、前記冷媒回路において冷媒流に対し直列の関係に配置された少なくとも2つの往復動型コンプレッサからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。
- 前記加熱媒体は、温度制御環境から前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器を通して循環した空気であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。
- 前記加熱媒体は、生鮮製品用の温度制御貨物貯蔵領域から前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器を通して循環した空気であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システム。
- 冷媒圧縮装置と、冷媒放熱用熱交換器と、フラッシュタンクレシーバと、膨張装置と、冷媒吸熱用熱交換器と、を冷媒回路において冷媒の流れとして直列の構成で配置してなる二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システムの動作を制御する方法であって、
前記冷媒圧縮装置の中間圧力段と、前記冷媒回路の前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器の下流側でかつ前記冷媒圧縮装置の吸入口の上流側の位置と、を連通させる冷媒ラインと、該冷媒ラインに配置された流れ制御装置と、を有したコンプレッサ用アンローダ回路を設けるステップと、
前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器の下流側に配置された第1のセンサによって第1の動作特性を検出するステップと、
前記冷媒圧縮装置の吐出側の第2のセンサによって第2の動作特性を検出するステップと、
前記フラッシュタンクレシーバから前記冷媒吸熱用熱交換器へと通流する液体冷媒の流れを計量するように前記第1の動作特性に応答して前記膨張装置を調整するステップと、
前記第2の動作特性に応答して、冷媒が前記圧縮装置の中間圧力段から前記アンローダ回路の冷媒ラインを通して前記圧縮装置の吸入側へと通流する開位置と、冷媒が前記アンローダ回路の冷媒ラインを通して通流しない閉位置との間でアンローダ回路用流れ制御装置を選択的に位置決めするステップと、
を含む二酸化炭素冷媒蒸気圧縮システムの動作を制御する方法。 - 前記第2の動作特性は、吐出側の冷媒圧力であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の動作特性は、吐出側の冷媒温度であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記位置決めステップは、前記冷媒蒸気圧縮システムが所定の上限未満の吐出側圧力で動作する状態を維持するように、前記開位置と前記閉位置との間で前記アンローダ回路用流れ制御装置を選択的に位置決めすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記所定の上限は、二酸化炭素の臨界圧力であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/US2008/051319 WO2009091400A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2008-01-17 | Carbon dioxide refrigerant vapor compression system |
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JP2011510256A JP2011510256A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
JP5639477B2 true JP5639477B2 (ja) | 2014-12-10 |
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US (1) | US9951975B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2229562B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5639477B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101970953B (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2229562T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1154282A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009091400A1 (ja) |
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CN101970953A (zh) | 2011-02-09 |
WO2009091400A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
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HK1154282A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 |
JP2011510256A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
DK2229562T3 (en) | 2018-10-15 |
EP2229562A4 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
US20110138825A1 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
CN101970953B (zh) | 2013-11-13 |
EP2229562A1 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
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