JP5592107B2 - アミド官能性ポリマーとのボラン触媒錯体、およびその錯体から作られる硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
アミド官能性ポリマーとのボラン触媒錯体、およびその錯体から作られる硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5592107B2 JP5592107B2 JP2009512002A JP2009512002A JP5592107B2 JP 5592107 B2 JP5592107 B2 JP 5592107B2 JP 2009512002 A JP2009512002 A JP 2009512002A JP 2009512002 A JP2009512002 A JP 2009512002A JP 5592107 B2 JP5592107 B2 JP 5592107B2
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- JPPHEZSCZWYTOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)COC(=O)C=C JPPHEZSCZWYTOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VGOXVARSERTCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC[Si](C)(C)C VGOXVARSERTCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWAWYGLUQDYLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)COC(=O)C=C UWAWYGLUQDYLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
- B01J31/146—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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Description
本出願は、米国仮特許出願第60/802749号(2006年5月23日出願)の利益を主張する。米国仮特許出願第60/802749号は、参照することにより本明細書に援用する。
触媒錯体は、ボラン化合物およびアミド官能性ポリマーを含む。
アミド官能性ポリマーとのボラン触媒錯体(触媒錯体)は、少なくとも1個のケイ素原子を任意選択で含有してもよいボラン化合物と、使用条件下、好ましくは周囲条件下で錯体を安定にする好適なアミド官能性ポリマーとの間で形成される錯体である。ボラン化合物は、ケイ素原子を含まない有機ボランであってもよい。あるいは、ボラン化合物は、ボランが少なくとも1個のケイ素原子を含有する有機ケイ素官能性ボランであってもよい。本明細書において、有機ケイ素は、全てのケイ素原子含有基、シロキサンオリゴマー含有基、またはシロキサンポリマー含有基をも意味するものとして定義される。触媒錯体は、以下の式で表すことができる:
上述の触媒錯体は、硬化性のフリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、およびポリマーに有用である。この触媒錯体は、脱錯化剤の導入、および/または加熱により、フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーの重合または架橋を開始させることができる。硬化性組成物は、(i) 上述の触媒錯体、および(ii) フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーを含む。フリーラジカル重合性モノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーは、不飽和を含有し、フリーラジカル重合を行うことができる(a)有機化合物または(b)有機ケイ素モノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーであってもよい。
成分(ii)は、フリーラジカル重合性成分である。成分(ii)は、有機化合物または有機金属化合物、例えば、有機ケイ素化合物、であってもよい。いずれの場合においても、成分(ii)は、不飽和を含有し、フリーラジカル重合を行うことができる単一のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーであってもよい。モノマー類、オリゴマー類、およびポリマー類の混合物もまた使用可能である。多くの場合、モノマー、オリゴマー、およびポリマーの混合物を使用すると、硬化速度、弾性率、および接着性等のバルクおよび表面特性の望ましい組合せがもたらされる。成分(ii)が有機化合物である場合、選択される化合物は、硬化物の用途に左右される。いくつかの適した有機化合物が、米国特許第6762260号(2004年7月13日)に記載されており、これには、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート、2-エチルヘキシルメタクリレート、メチルアクリレート、メチルメタクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレート、グリシジルアクリレート、グリシジルメタクリレート、アリルアクリレート、アリルメタクリレート、ステアリルアクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリルメタクリレート、カプロラクトンアクリレート、パーフルオロブチルアクリレート、パーフルオロブチルメタクリレート、1H,1H,2H,2H-ヘプタデカフルオロデシルアクリレート、1H,1H,2H,2H-ヘプタデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、テトラヒドロパーフルオロアクリレート、フェノキシエチルアクリレート、フェノキシエチルメタクリレート、ビスフェノールAアクリレート、ビスフェノールAジメタクリレート、エトキシル化ビスフェノールAアクリレート、エトキシル化ビスフェノールAメタクリレート、ヘキサフルオロビスフェノールAジアクリレート、ヘキサフルオロビスフェノールAジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジメタクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、エトキシル化トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、エトキシル化トリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラメタクリレート、メチル-3-ブテノエート、アリルメチルカーボネート、ジアリルピロカーボネート、アリルアセトアセテート、ジアリルカーボネート、ジアリルフタレート、ジメチルイタコネート、またはそれらの組合せ等の有機化合物が含まれる。他の有用な有機化合物には、ヒドロキシアクリレート等のイソシアネート反応性のアクリレートモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーを、イソシアネート官能性プレポリマーと反応させることにより調製されるアクリレート先端ポリウレタンプレポリマーが含まれる。また、1分子あたり平均少なくとも1つのフリーラジカル重合性基、および電子、イオン、ホール、フォノン、またはそれらの組合せを輸送する能力を有する、導電性のモノマー、ドーパント、オリゴマー、ポリマー、およびマクロモノマーの群も有用である。例えば、4,4’4’’-トリス[N-(3(2-アクリロイルオキシエチルオキシ)フェニル)-N-フェニルアミノ]トリフェニルアミン、4,4’4’’-トリス[N-(3(ベンゾイルオキシフェニル)-N-フェニルアミノ]トリフェニルアミン等の様々なフリーラジカル重合性ホール輸送化合物、およびそれから作製されるエレクトロルミネセント素子の調製を記載している、米国特許第5929194号(1999年7月27日)を参照することができる。アクリル官能基の接頭辞であるアクリロイル-およびアクリル-は、本明細書を通して交換可能に使用され、またメタクリロイル-およびメタクリル-についても同様である。
(a)R23 3SiO(R23 2SiO)p(R23R24SiO)qSiR23 3で表される有機ポリシロキサン流体、
(b)R25 2R26SiO(R25 2SiO)r(R25R26SiO)sSiR25 2R26で表される有機ポリシロキサン流体、または
(c)そのような流体の組合せ、
を含む。式(a)中、下付き文字pは、ゼロから20,000の範囲の平均値を有し、qは、1から20,000の範囲の平均値を有し、rは、ゼロから20,000の範囲の平均値を有し、sは、ゼロから20,000の範囲の平均値を有する。各R23は、独立して一価の有機基である。各R24は、独立して不飽和の一価の有機基である。各R25は、独立して一価の有機基である。R25基は、R23基と同じであってもよい。各R26は、独立して、不飽和有機基である。
本硬化性組成物は、成分(ii)と混合されて含酸素環境に曝露されると重合または架橋を開始することができる脱錯化剤(iii)を含有してもよい。脱錯化剤は、液体であっても、気体であっても、または固体であってもよい。脱錯化剤は、低分子、モノマー、オリゴマー、ポリマー、またはそれらの混合物であってもよく、水性もしくは非水性溶媒等のキャリアで、またはフィラー粒子で、希釈または担持されてもよい。脱錯化剤は、フリーラジカル重合性基、または加水分解性基等の他の官能基を含有してもよい。脱錯化剤上の、アミンと反応性の基は、有機、有機ケイ素、または有機ポリシロキサン化合物上に保持されてもよい。成分(iii)の存在により、成分(i)の解離温度より低い温度(室温(RT)及びそれより低い温度を含む)での重合または架橋の開始が可能となる。酸素の存在下での硬化性組成物の保存安定性を達成するためには、成分(i)および(iii)が物理的または化学的に隔離されていることが好ましい。したがって、成分(i)、(ii)、および(iii)を含有する硬化性組成物は、多液型処方において、成分(iii)を成分(i)から分離してパッケージすることにより空気安定性とすることができる。あるいは、成分(i)もしくは(iii)、または成分(i)および(iii)の両方は、カプセル化するか、または別個の相として供給して一液型処方を形成することができる。これは、成分(i)および(iii)のうちの1つまたはその両方を、固形か、または成分(i)および(iii)の密な混合を防ぐ形態で導入することにより達成することができる。本硬化性組成物の硬化は、固相成分またはカプセル材料の軟化点を超える温度まで加熱するか、または成分(i)および(iii)の混合を可能にする可溶化剤を導入することにより開始することができる。また、成分(i)および(iii)は、混合条件が嫌気性である容器中に成分(i)および(iii)をパッケージすることにより、著しい重合または架橋を発生させることなく、単一の容器中で組み合わせることもできる。
本明細書における硬化性組成物に含まれ得るいくつかの成分には、補強性フィラー、増量フィラー、導電性フィラー、および熱伝導性フィラー等のフィラー;接着促進剤;架橋剤;マトリクスの二次硬化をもたらすために有用な、ポリマー、架橋物質、および触媒の組合せ;組成物に混合されたときに、増量、軟化、補強、強化、粘度の変化、または揮発度を低下させうるポリマー;スペーサ;染料;顔料;UV安定剤;アジリジン安定剤;空隙低下剤;ヒドロキノンおよびヒンダードアミン等の硬化調整剤;有機過酸化物およびオゾン化合物等のフリーラジカル開始剤;有機ボラン-アミン錯体;有機アクリレートおよびメタクリレート等のコモノマー;ポリマー;希釈剤;レオロジー調整剤;酸受容体;酸化防止剤;酸素スカベンジャー;酸素スポンジ;酸素放出剤;酸素発生剤;熱安定剤;難燃剤;シリル化剤;発泡剤;発泡触媒;気泡安定剤;界面活性剤;湿潤剤;溶剤;希釈剤;可塑剤;融剤;および乾燥剤が含まれる。
本発明による硬化性組成物は、以下を組合せて混合することにより調製することができる:
A. 0.1〜50重量部の、(i)組成物を硬化するために十分な、アミド官能性ポリマーとの有機ケイ素官能性ホウ素触媒錯体(Aの量は、錯体の分子量および1分子あたりのホウ素原子の数を含む様々な要因に左右される);
B. 1〜100重量部の、(ii)フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマー;
C. 0〜50重量部の、(iii)ホウ素を脱錯化するために十分な脱錯化剤(Cの量は、脱錯化剤の分子量を含む様々な要因に左右される);
D. 0〜1000重量部の、1種または複数種の(iv)任意選択の成分;
A〜Dの重量部は、硬化性組成物の総重量を基準とする。
以下の実施例は、本発明をより詳細に例示するために記載する。これらの実施例に数平均または重量平均分子量が提供されている場合、その値は、溶媒としてテトラヒドロフランを使用したゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)により測定し、単分散ポリスチレン標準物質で較正したものである。
オキシアルキレン-アミドの調製
Si-オキシアルキレンアミドの調製
酸素を含まない環境下での、アリルシランまたはビニルシラン含有モノマー/ポリマーとBH3-THF(テトラヒドロフラン)のヒドロホウ素化により、アミド官能性ポリマーとの有機ケイ素官能性ボラン-アミン触媒錯体を合成した。磁気撹拌棒、温度計、凝縮装置、およびゴムセプタムを備えた三口丸底フラスコに、シリンジおよびニードルを介してBH3-THF溶液を入れた。混合物を0℃に維持した。次いで適切なシランを添加し、混合物を室温で3時間撹拌した。得られたヒドロホウ素化生成物を適切なアミドコポリマーで処理し、空気安定性の有機ケイ素官能性ボラン-アミドコポリマー触媒錯体を形成させた。
トリ有機ボランとシリコーン-アミドコポリマーの反応から、空気安定性触媒を調製した。9-BBN(9-ボラビシクロ[3,3,1]ノナン)とアリルトリメチルシランのヒドロホウ素化から有機ボランを調製し、実施例1のオキシアルキレン-アミドと錯化させた。磁気撹拌棒、温度計、凝縮装置、およびゴムセプタムを備えた三口丸底フラスコに、シリンジおよびニードルを介して、0.5M 9-BBN(9-ボラビシクロ[3,3,1]ノナン)-THF溶液(0.015モル)30mLを入れ、混合物を0℃で冷却した。1モル当量のアリルトリメチルシラン(1.71グラム;0.015モル)を、シリンジおよびニードルを介して滴下して混合物に加え、乾燥窒素パージ下で混合物を室温で3時間撹拌した。得られたヒドロホウ素化生成物を、乾燥窒素パージ雰囲気下で、無水THF30mLに溶解したオキシアルキレンエーテルアミド(実施例1)10gで処理した。数平均分子量が950g/molのメタクリルオキシプロピルジメチルシロキシ末端PDMS 90部に、触媒錯体5部を添加した。混合物をスパチュラで完全に均質化し、次にイソホロンジイソシアネート5部を添加した。硬化した材料は不透明であった。
トリエチルボラン-アミドコポリマー触媒錯体の調製
500mL三口丸底フラスコに、実施例2で調製されたSi-オキシアルキレンアミド8gおよびTHF 50mLを入れた。アミドが完全に溶解した後、トリブチルボランの1M THF溶液5mLを、室温で滴下により添加した。材料を室温で3時間混合した。真空下で溶剤を除去すると、ロウ状の物質が得られた。得られた錯体は空気に安定であり、この錯体をブチルメタクリレートと混合しても重合は観察されなかった。しかし、イソホロンジイソシアネートを導入すると、錯体はブチルメタクリレートの重合を開始した。同様に、この錯体は、イソホロンジイソシアネートの存在下で、メチルメタクリレート80%および分子量が350,000のポリメチルメタクリレートPMMA20%の混合物から調製されたアクリレート溶液の重合を開始した。
磁気撹拌棒、温度計、凝縮装置、およびゴムセプタムを備えた三口丸底フラスコに、シリンジおよびニードルを介して1.0モルBH3-THF溶液30mL(0.03mol)を入れ、混合物を0℃で冷却した。3モル当量のアリルトリメチルシラン(10.26グラム、0.09モル)を、シリンジおよびニードルを介して滴下して混合物に加え、乾燥窒素パージ下で、室温で3時間混合物を撹拌した。得られたヒドロホウ素化生成物を、乾燥窒素パージ雰囲気下で、乾燥THF30mLに溶解したSi-オキシアルキレン-アミド(実施例2から)20gで処理した。減圧下でTHFを除去し、空気に安定な触媒錯体を得た。得られた錯体は空気安定性であり、この錯体をメチルメタクリレートと混合した場合、脱錯化剤がない状態では重合は観察されなかった。数平均分子量が950g/molのメタクリルオキシプロピルジメチルシロキシ末端PDMS 90部にこの錯体5部を添加し、混合物をスパチュラで完全に均質化した後にイソホロンジイソシアネート5部を添加すると、白色のエラストマー性ポリマーが形成した。
Claims (25)
- ボラン化合物およびアミド官能性化合物を含む触媒錯体であって、下記式:
R4が、下記式(IV):
R4が、下記式(V):
触媒錯体。 - 前記有機ボラン化合物が、少なくとも1個のケイ素原子を有する、請求項1に記載の触媒錯体。
- (i) 請求項1又は2に記載の触媒錯体と、(ii) フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーとを含み、さらに (iii)脱錯化剤を含むか又は含まない組成物。
- 前記フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーが、有機モノマー、有機オリゴマー、または有機ポリマー (a)(但し、有機ケイ素モノマー、オリゴマー、及びポリマーを除く);有機ケイ素モノマー、オリゴマー、もしくはポリマー(b);または(a)及び(b)の混合物、
であり;(a)及び(b)は不飽和であり且つフリーラジカル重合を行うことができる、請求項3に記載の組成物。 - 前記フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマーが、単官能もしくは多官能有機シランの混合物(c)、または単官能もしくは多官能有機ポリシロキサンの混合物(d)である、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 前記脱錯化剤(iii)を含み、前記脱錯化剤(iii)が、アミンと反応性の基を有する化合物であり、鉱酸、ルイス酸、カルボン酸、カルボン酸誘導体、カルボン酸金属塩、イソシアネート、アルデヒド、エポキシド、酸塩化物、およびスルホニルクロライドからなる群から選択される、請求項3〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記のアミンと反応性の基を有する化合物が、アミンと反応性の基を有する有機シラン、有機ポリシロキサン、有機チタネート、または有機ジルコネートである、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記脱錯化剤(iii)が固体粒子に結合している、請求項6又は7に記載の組成物。
- 請求項3〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物であって、前記触媒錯体を含む成分と、前記脱錯化剤(iii)を含む成分とが別個にパッケージされた、二液型処方の組成物。
- 前記触媒錯体(ii)、前記フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマー(i)、および前記脱錯化剤(iii)を含む場合には前記脱錯化剤(iii)が、一体として共にパッケージされる、請求項3〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項3〜10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物で被覆された基材を備える複合製造品。
- 前記基材上の前記組成物が硬化されている、請求項11に記載の複合製造品。
- 請求項3〜10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物で被覆された2つ以上の基材を備える複合製造品であって、前記組成物は、固定厚さまたは変化する厚さの接着ラインとして前記基材の間に配置される、複合製造品。
- 前記基材の間に配置された前記組成物が硬化されている、請求項13に記載の複合製造品。
- ゴム、テープ、接着剤、保護コーティング、薄膜、電子部品、フォトニック部品、音響減衰部品、熱可塑性モノリシック成形品、熱硬化性モノリシック成形品、シーリング剤、フォーム、ガスケット、シール、O-リング、コネクタ、または感圧接着剤を備える製造品であって、その構成要素が請求項3〜10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の硬化物である、製造品。
- 前記硬化物が、自己接着性シリコーンエラストマーまたは自己接着性シリコーンゲルである、請求項15に記載の製造品。
- 前記硬化物が、ダイ取付接着剤、蓋のシーリング剤、カプセル材料、ポッティング用コンパウンド、コンフォーマルコーティング、または、フレキシブル基板もしくは硬質基板に接着される電子部品である、請求項16に記載の製造品。
- 請求項3又は4に記載の組成物を硬化させる方法であって、前記組成物を単一基材に、複数の基材の間に、または型に適用するステップと;前記組成物を気相中の脱錯化剤に曝露するステップと、を含む方法。
- 前記脱錯化剤が、紫外線照射に曝露された場合に、アミンと反応性の基を生成することができる化合物である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、光増感性化合物をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が脱錯化剤(iii)を含み、前記脱錯化剤(iii)が、アミンと反応性の基を有する化合物であり、かつ、鉱酸、ルイス酸、カルボン酸、カルボン酸誘導体、カルボン酸金属塩、イソシアネート、アルデヒド、エポキシド、酸塩化物、およびスルホニルクロライドからなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記のアミンと反応性の基を有する化合物が、アミンと反応性の基を有する有機シラン、有機ポリシロキサン、有機チタネート、または有機ジルコネートである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記脱錯化剤(iii)が固体粒子に結合している、請求項21又は22に記載の方法。
- 請求項18〜23のいずれか一項に記載の方法であって、前記組成物が、前記触媒錯体を含む成分と、前記脱錯化剤(iii)を含む成分とが別個にパッケージされた二液型処方の組成物である、方法。
- 請求項18〜23のいずれか一項に記載の方法であって、前記組成物が、前記触媒錯体(ii)、前記フリーラジカル重合性のモノマー、オリゴマー、またはポリマー(i)、および前記脱錯化剤(iii)を含む場合には前記脱錯化剤(iii)が一体として共にパッケージされている組成物である、方法。
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CN111479693B (zh) * | 2017-12-13 | 2023-06-16 | 3M创新有限公司 | 含有三烷基硼烷络合物引发剂和光酸的光学透明粘合剂 |
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