JP5578401B2 - Aquarium fish breeding water, treatment water, and ornamental fish treatment water, ornamental fish treatment water-generating substances - Google Patents

Description

  This invention relates to breeding water used when breeding saltwater fish and freshwater fish in a closed environment, and in particular, an ornamental fish suitable for use when breeding ornamental fish of saltwater fish and freshwater fish in an aquarium. The present invention relates to breeding water for treatment, treatment water, treatment water for ornamental fish, and treatment water generating substance for ornamental fish.

  Fish farming has been practiced for a long time, but traditionally farmed is a seawater fish that inhabits the sea, and builds a ginger that becomes a closed environment using seawater as it is around the bay. In the case of river fish, if it was a river fish, it was still cultivated by building a closed environment by blocking the river. In addition, fish that inhabit the sea were sometimes bred on land, but seawater is considered essential for breeding saltwater fish, and a large amount of seawater is required for breeding inland, so inexpensive breeding is not possible. I was in

  On the other hand, the demand for saltwater fish was not limited to food use, but there were also tropical fish for ornamental use. Even tropical fish are relatively small and are relatively easy to breed on land compared to edible hamachi. However, breeding still necessitates seawater, increasing costs. Further, the salt contained in a large amount in seawater adheres around the aquarium and its ancillary equipment and deteriorates its appearance, so that the treatment is difficult.

  Therefore, artificial seawater has been developed as artificial breeding water instead of seawater in recent years, and artificial seawater is generated from fresh water such as tap water on the land without carrying seawater from the sea, and is used for breeding in aquariums, etc. Came to use. In this artificial seawater, in order to approximate the state of natural seawater, generally, the same amount of salt as that contained in natural seawater has been contained.

  That is, in natural seawater, generally, the most abundant sodium chloride is present in about 23 to 28 [g] in 1 [kg] of seawater having a specific gravity of 1.02 to 1.03. Other salts in natural seawater include magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, calcium carbonate, magnesium bromide, etc. Usually, it is around 35 [g] in 1 [kg] of seawater, that is, 35 [‰] in weight ratio. Therefore, in principle, artificial seawater was prepared in accordance with the composition of such natural seawater.

Then, there exists patent document 1 in the above artificial seawater, for example. In Patent Document 1,
“(Claim 1) Artificial seawater containing 0.001 to 0.01% by weight of potassium iodide in artificial seawater containing various salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, which are the main constituents of natural seawater. Seawater.
(Claim 2) In the artificial seawater according to claim 1, 0.08 to 0.09% by weight of sodium tetraborate, 0.07 to 0.08% by weight of boric acid, and 0.07 to 0.08% of potassium bromide. Artificial seawater characterized by adding 08% by weight. Is disclosed. The artificial seawater disclosed in Patent Document 1 contains various salts such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc., that is, a considerable number of salts in the artificial seawater in order to make the components close to seawater, and further tetraboric acid. It is described that the artificial seawater is constituted by adding 0.08 to 0.09% by weight of sodium, 0.07 to 0.08% by weight of boric acid, and 0.07 to 0.08% by weight of potassium bromide. Has been.

Patent Document 1 states that “the blending ratio of these salts is preferable to approximate the composition of natural seawater, but the composition of natural seawater itself varies depending on the location, water depth, season, weather, etc. Although not specified, the following numerical values can be used as a guide.
NaCl 68.0-85.0 (parts by weight)
MgCl2 9.8 to 12.1 〃 MgSO4 4.2 to 6.6 〃 CaSO4 3.2 to 4.4 〃 K2 SO4 2.2 to 2.7 〃 CaCO3 0.3 to 0.4 〃 MgBr2 0.1 ~ 0.3０．３ In addition, KCl, NaSO4, etc., CaCO3, NaCO3, NaHCO3, etc. may be used in place of K2SO4 having the above-mentioned salt composition, and a small amount of other components of less than 0.1 parts by weight may be used. Even if salts are added, the effect of the present invention is not inhibited. ”And the proportion of salt in the range close to natural seawater is defined as artificial seawater. Moreover, in the Example disclosed by patent document 1, it describes that sodium chloride melt | dissolves in artificial seawater so that it may become about 23 to 28 weight%, and obtains artificial seawater containing each salt similar to natural seawater. ing. Furthermore, after making artificial seawater containing various salts similar to ordinary natural seawater, 0.001 to 0.01% by weight of potassium iodide was added, and within the above range, fertilization and development of sea urchins The remarkable effect of achieving the objective is revealed.

  Therefore, as described in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, the conventional artificial seawater has obtained a good breeding environment by bringing the kind of salts contained and the content ratio of the salts close to natural seawater. .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-37988

  However, when seawater fish is cultivated in the inland area in the same way as in the past, for example, by constructing a large-scale intermediate breeding ground that will be 100 [t] or more, it is absolutely necessary to secure seawater or manufacture artificial seawater. However, the cost of transporting natural seawater or the cost of manufacturing artificial seawater has become enormous and production costs have become expensive. As a result, the price of fish cultivated inland has become expensive. Similarly, even when used as a breeding water for ornamental fish, it is necessary to add salts to the level of artificial seawater, which also increases the cost.

  In addition, the fish breeding environment includes aquaculture breeding in which a large amount of food is fed in a large breeding ground and growing as fast as possible, and ornamental fish breeding in which a suitable amount of feed is fed in a small breeding environment such as a home. is there. And the difference in the component of artificial seawater etc. arises by the difference in this breeding environment, and development of cheap and high quality as breeding water for ornamental fish is desired.

  Traditionally, ornamental freshwater fish have been treated with freshwater white spot disease (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis), Aeromonas disease (Feromobacterium columnare), cotton mold disease (Achlya spp), mosquito disease (Saprolegnia parasitica), aphanomyces disease ( If you have a disease such as Aphanomyces spp) or bacterial cold water disease (Flavobacterium psychrophilum), add sodium chloride so that the concentration is 0.3% to 1% in the breeding water. No breeding water was prepared, and diseased fish were raised and treated in the breeding water. However, the treatment in the breeding water has a high burden on diseased fish and has a risk of causing mass death. For this reason, there is a need to gradually increase the sodium chloride concentration, and there is a problem that it takes time to treat sick fish.

  In addition, freshwater baths have been known for ornamental saltwater fish as a safe treatment method for diseased fish. The fresh water bath was performed by transferring diseased fish to fresh water that is not in the habitat of saltwater fish in nature. The fresh water bath is a known method that is used by fishery personnel to remove protozoa by a rapid change in osmotic pressure that occurs during the transition. However, the transition time to fresh water depends on the type of fish and the weight of the fish, but it is within a maximum of 5 to 30 minutes and cannot be accommodated for a long time. Furthermore, according to experiments conducted by the inventor, Blue Clinella and Amyludinium require a storage time of 20 hours or more in fresh water, and if the storage time is short, complete cure becomes difficult and the burden on diseased fish is large. It had the problem of becoming.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention adds ornamental fish rearing water to so-called fresh water such as river water, groundwater, tap water, rainwater, etc., with fewer types of salts than those contained in natural seawater. Provided is a breeding water for ornamental fish that can be produced at a low cost by sufficiently reducing the content and amount of the salt used per unit breeding water by sufficiently reducing the content of the salt in fish breeding water. At the same time, it is an object to provide treatment water for ornamental fish that can realize a therapeutic environment with less burden on diseased fish based on the formulation of the breeding water.

  The breeding water for ornamental fish of the present invention is breeding water used for breeding ornamental saltwater fish and ornamental saltwater fish as breeding water for ornamental fish, and has a specific gravity of 1.004 or more and 1.025 or less. In this breeding water, the concentration of potassium is 0.0951 [g / l] or more and 0.380 [g / l] or less, and sodium is 2.777 [g / l] or more. A concentration of 10.656 [g / l] or less and a concentration of calcium of 0.250 [g / l] or more and 0.401 [g / l] or less are provided.

  Furthermore, the treatment water of the present invention is a breeding water used for breeding ornamental saltwater fish and ornamental saltwater fish, and at least sodium, calcium, and potassium are added to the breeding water so that the specific gravity becomes a concentration of 1.004 or more and 1.025 or less. In the breeding water, potassium has a concentration of 0.0951 [g / l] to 0.380 [g / l], and sodium has a concentration of 2.777 [g / l] to 10.656 [g / l]. The concentration of calcium is not less than 0.250 [g / l] and not more than 0.401 [g / l], and zinc is not less than 0.0001 [g / l] and not more than 0.0005 [g / l].

  According to the present invention, it is possible to breed ornamental fish in ordinary households and the like in the same breeding environment, and it is possible to breed ornamental seawater fish and ornamental freshwater fish in a relatively small aquarium for ornamental use. Become.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to breed ornamental freshwater fish in breeding water in which each ion concentration of sodium, potassium, and calcium is a concentration that does not exist in nature. And in this breeding environment, freshwater white spot disease (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis), Aeromonas disease (Feromobacterium columnare), cotton mold disease (Achlya spp), scab mold disease (Saprolegnia parasitica), Pathogens such as Aphanomyces spp and Flavobacterium psychrophilum are not only capable of breeding, but are not even able to survive, and breeding ornamental freshwater fish is less susceptible to fish disease. It has the effect of being able to make a favorable environment. For example, it is known that canamnarisis does not cause disease at a salt concentration of 1% or more, and according to the present invention, the known environment can be realized with the aquarium breeding water itself. Similarly, bacterial cold water disease has been treated for a long time by adding salt to the fresh water, which is the breeding water, so that the concentration is 0.3% to 1%. Possible breeding water can be realized. Similarly, the optimum concentration at which freshwater white spot worms can grow is 0.5% or less, and it is known that the activity of white spot worms is inhibited under a high osmotic pressure environment. It is possible to provide an environment in which freshwater white spot worms cannot breed and survive in the breeding water itself for ornamental fish. As a result of the inventor's experiment on bacterial cold water disease of sweetfish over two years, the inventor put 10 sick test fish in a 1000 [l] tank, and raised the breeding temperature every 24 hours. Observation was conducted for 1 month at 5 ° C (average 15 ° C). Thereafter, the test fish was immediately dissected and cells were collected from the meat pieces, and cultured by the modified cytofuga agar medium method. As a result, 9 out of 10 animals were not infected, and the effect on bacterial cold water disease could be demonstrated.

  In the present invention, as in the ornamental saltwater fish, pathogenic bacteria such as white spot disease (Cryptocaryon irritans), benedeniasis (genus Benedenia), blueclinerosis (Brooklynella hostilis), and amiloodinium ocellatum It has the effect of being able to inhibit the breeding and survival of fish. Specifically, in white spot disease, it is known that white spot worms become inactive when each salt concentration relative to standard seawater is 1/2 or less. In the present invention, it is possible to provide breeding water for ornamental fish whose sodium chloride concentration is 1/2 or less of standard seawater, and the activity of white spotworms can be stopped. The inventor also confirmed that when 10 followers were observed in the breeding water for the ornamental fish according to the present invention, the cure was completed in 6 to 7 days. ing. Benedenia (genus Benedenia), Bluelynellosis (Brooklynella hostilis), and Amiloodinium ocellatum have traditionally been treated as short-term fresh water baths, copper sulfate, methylene blue, and elberg Treatment in breeding water with addition of antibiotics such as formalin is known. However, in these treatments, the stress on the diseased fish with reduced resistance to environmental changes is great, and when the drug is added to the breeding water, the weight of the fish and the deterioration of the drug over time, due to the reduction of bacteria It is necessary to consider deterioration of water quality. For example, with regard to the addition amount, it was difficult to cure unless the optimum addition amount was taken into account, and there was a case where drowning occurred under the action of a chemical bath or a fresh water bath. However, in the present invention, since the breeding environment itself corresponds to the medicine bath and the fresh water bath, it is possible to prevent infection with these diseases. Moreover, in the freshwater bath of diseased saltwater fish, which has been known as a safe method since ancient times, the protozoa are controlled by the rapid osmotic pressure change that occurs at that time, but the transition time to freshwater depends on the species and fish. It is necessary to determine appropriately within a maximum of 5 to 30 minutes depending on the body weight, and in the present invention, it is said that good breeding is always possible in a fresh water bath as compared to the case where housing for a long time was difficult Has an effect.

  Moreover, according to this invention, the addition of zinc ion has a further effect with respect to freshwater white spot disease like copper ion. Furthermore, when adding the chemicals to the breeding water, taking into account the fish weight, deterioration of chemicals over time, and deterioration of water quality due to the decrease in bacteria, healing was difficult without considering the optimum addition amount. Treatment water does not require water combination, and is used in combination with other active salts, so that there is little stress on the diseased fish and a high therapeutic effect can be exhibited.

Side view of water tank and filtration device used for observation experiment Explanatory drawing which shows basic experiment (1) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows basic experiment (2) of embodiment Side view of large-capacity water tank and filtration device used for observation experiment Explanatory drawing which shows basic experiment (3) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows basic experiment (4) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the basic experiment (5) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the basic experiment (6) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows basic experiment (7) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows breeding experiment (1) for ornamental fish of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows breeding experiment (2) for ornamental fish of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows breeding experiment (3) for ornamental fish of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows breeding experiment (4) for ornamental fish of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows each component amount and abundance ratio of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result which specifies the pH range of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows each ion abundance of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows treatment water experiment (1) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows treatment water experiment (2) of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the result of the zinc addition experiment to the healthy ornamental saltwater fish of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the result of the zinc addition experiment to the healthy ornamental freshwater fish of embodiment Explanatory drawing which shows the experimental result in each component ratio of embodiment Reference chart showing component ratio of standard seawater Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment Explanatory diagram showing basic experiment

  An embodiment will be described. First, the inventor considered whether the artificial breeding water developed previously could be used for ornamental fish, and experimented and considered. As a result, we tried an experiment based on the assumption that supplementing the previously developed artificial breeding water with an unidentified component could be applied to breeding ornamental fish different from large-scale breeding such as aquaculture. .

Below, the experiment conducted in order to specify the component added to breeding water for ornamental fish and its quantity is demonstrated. The artificial breeding water developed earlier is
It is a breeding water used for artificial breeding of seawater organisms and freshwater organisms, and at least sodium ion, calcium ion and potassium are added to the breeding water so that the specific gravity is 1.004 or more and 1.025 or less. 0.0951 [g / l] or more and 0.380 [g / l] or less, calcium is 0.0993 [g / l] or more and 0.401 [g / l] or less, and sodium is 2.777 [g / l] or more and 10.656 [g / l] ] To be added to the following,
Furthermore, the artificial breeding water producing substance that produces the artificial breeding water developed earlier is,
A solid, granular, or powdery substance that dissolves in water to produce breeding water for artificial breeding of seawater and freshwater organisms, and at least potassium in the breeding water is 0.0951 [g / l] or more and 0.380 [g / l], calcium is 0.0993 [g / l] to 0.401 [g / l], sodium is 2.777 [g / l] to 10.656 [g / l], so that sodium, potassium and calcium are present. Formulated and used so that sodium, potassium, calcium are present in the breeding water,
Is.

  Artificial breeding water is a kind of freshwater such as river water, groundwater, tap water, rainwater, etc., and there are fewer types of salts than those contained in natural seawater, and the content of these salts in artificial seawater is sufficiently reduced. Thus, the artificial seawater that can be manufactured at low cost by sufficiently reducing the types and amounts of salts used per unit artificial seawater.

  This artificial breeding water is suitable for aquaculture in which a large tank is used and a large amount of breeding water is used to feed a large amount of feed.

  The inventor conducted further research and conducted various experiments to confirm whether it was suitable for breeding ornamental fish performed in ordinary households.

  When breeding saltwater fish and freshwater fish as ornamental fish in ordinary households, it is only a facility like an aquarium that uses a large amount of breeding water itself, such as 10 [t] or 100 [t] Rather, it is used exclusively from several liters to several tens of liters.

  Therefore, first, the inventor conducted a breeding test using the preferred environmental water in the case where the amount of the salt to be added is the smallest among the artificial seawater (hereinafter referred to as preferred environmental water). That is, the addition amount of each salt, sodium ion, calcium ion, potassium ion in the invention described in the preferred environmental water is 2.777 [g / l] addition of sodium ion to a standard seawater content ratio of 26.061%, Sodium chloride and calcium chloride to add 0.0993 [g / l] calcium ion to a standard seawater content ratio of 24.763% and potassium ion to add 0.0951 [g / l] to a standard seawater content ratio of 25.026% A breeding test was conducted using artificial breeding water to which dihydrate and potassium chloride were added, respectively.

  The breeding environment in this experiment is performed using a glass aquarium with a volume of about 55 [l] equipped with a water purification filter using a simple upper-type filtration tank. The breeding fish is colorful or relatively small. Assuming that it is a species, it is a tropical seawater fish such as the ruby octopus of the dinosaur family, the butterflyfish family of red butterflies, the kingfisher of the kingfisherfish, the camel of the kingfisherfish, the bicolored tiggles of the kingfisherfish, Subject to breeding test.

  A total of 18 reared fish were placed in a water tank and a total of 18 reared fish were tested. The clownfish common as an ornamental saltwater fish has been removed from the test target fish because it has been found that it can be raised for a long period of time in the preferred environmental water.

  In each experiment shown below, unless otherwise noted, the rearing environment such as the aquarium is the same as the above experimental environment, and the number of reared fish is also kept in the aquarium for each species of fish. ing.

  FIG. 32 (a) is a list showing the fish subjected to the breeding test, the number of survival days, the family to which the fish belongs, and the average lifespan. The bottom line indicates the survival days and the total average lifespan. FIG. 5B is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the number of days of survival and the vertical axis represents the breeding fish solids, and the number of days of survival of each breeding fish solid.

  In the experiment shown in FIG. 32, sodium chloride was added to the breeding water by adding 7.0587 [g / l], calcium chloride dihydrate 0.3641 [g / l] and potassium chloride 0.17763 [g / l]. The standard seawater content ratio of ions is 26.061%, the standard seawater content ratio of calcium ions is 24.763%, and the standard seawater content ratio of potassium ions is 25.026%. The abundance ratios of sodium ion, calcium ion, and potassium ion keep the survival rate of the preferred environmental water. Thus, each component of sodium ion, calcium ion, and potassium ion that keeps the proportion of each component is standard. Since it is about 25% with respect to seawater, the preferred environmental water is hereinafter referred to as conventional 25% breeding water.

  In the conventional experiment using 25% breeding water, as shown in Fig. 32 (a), the total average lifespan is 5.72 days and each fish species is short-lived. As shown in Fig. 32 (b), It was judged that the 10-day survival was the longest, and the 2nd day of the butterflyfish was the shortest.

  In response to the experimental results in the conventional 25% breeding water shown in FIG. 32, the conventional 25% breeding water was the breeding water with the least amount of addition, so an experiment was attempted to increase the abundance ratio of each component to the standard seawater. .

  In this experiment, the added amount was increased so as not to change the abundance ratio of sodium chloride, calcium chloride dihydrate and potassium chloride, and the abundance ratio relative to the standard seawater was adjusted to 33% of potassium chloride. Artificial breeding water added after adjustment was used. That is, the artificial breeding water to be used is sodium in the breeding water by adding 9.308 [g / l] sodium chloride, 0.4801 [g / l] calcium chloride dihydrate and 0.2390 [g / l] potassium chloride. The abundance of ions is adjusted to 3.661 [g / l], the abundance of calcium ions is 0.131 [g / l], and the abundance of potassium ions is 0.125 [g / l]. In this artificial breeding water, the ratio of sodium ion to standard seawater is 34.365%, calcium ion is 32.653%, and potassium ion is 33.000%. Hereinafter, this artificial breeding water is conventionally referred to as 33% breeding water.

  FIG. 33 shows the results of breeding experiments with 33% breeding water.

  FIG. 33 (a) is a table showing the breeding test and the survival days, the family to which the fish species belong, the average life span, and the survival days and the total average life span described in the bottom row, as in FIG. Represents. FIG. 5B is a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the number of days of survival and the vertical axis represents the breeding fish solids, and the number of days of survival of each breeding fish solid.

  Unless otherwise noted, in each figure, (a) is a list showing the fish that have been subjected to the breeding test, the number of days of survival, the family to which the fish belongs, and the average life span. (B) represents a graph in which the horizontal axis represents the survival days and the vertical axis represents the reared fish solids, and represents the survival days of the respective reared fish solids.

  As shown in Fig. 33 (a), in the experiment with 33% breeding water, the total average life span was 7.22 days longer than the experiment with 25% breeding water, but it cannot be used as breeding water for ornamental fish. As a result. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6B, the graph of the survival days for each individual also shows the same shape as the experiment with 25% breeding water in the past, and the survival days of the red butterfly and bicolor doti buck are spectacular. There wasn't.

  The inventor thought that the ratio of the components of the preferred environmental water was not suitable as breeding water for ornamental fish, based on the results of experiments with 33% breeding water, but in order to verify this, The conventional 44% breeding water was prepared in the same manner as each salt was increased from the conventional 25% breeding water to the conventional 33% breeding water, and a breeding experiment using the conventional 44% breeding water was conducted.

  The conventional 44% breeding water, like the conventional 33% breeding water, increased the amount of addition so that the abundance ratio of sodium chloride, calcium chloride dihydrate, and potassium chloride was not changed. Artificial rearing water added by adjusting the amount of each component to 44% was used. That is, the artificial breeding water to be used is sodium chloride in the breeding water with 12.410 [g / l] sodium chloride, 0.6401 [g / l] calcium chloride dihydrate and 0.3187 [g / l] potassium chloride. The ion abundance is adjusted to 4.882 [g / l], the calcium ion abundance is 0.175 [g / l], and the potassium ion abundance is 0.167 [g / l]. In this artificial breeding water, the ratio of sodium ions to standard seawater is 45.820%, calcium ions are 43.538%, and potassium ions are 44.000%.

  FIG. 34 shows the result of the breeding experiment using the conventional 44% breeding water. As a result of the experiment, as shown in Fig. 34 (a), the total average lifespan increased by 9.56 days and 2.44 days compared to the conventional experiment with 33% breeding water, but it cannot be used as breeding water for ornamental fish. It was. In addition, as shown in the same figure (b), even in the graph of survival days for each individual, although survival was recorded for a maximum of 12 days, depending on the individual, there are solids that are short-lived, such as 4 days or 5 days. The result is that it is inaccurate as breeding water for fish.

  The inventor has conducted a breeding experiment using conventional 44% breeding water shown in FIG. 34 and estimated that it is difficult to use it as breeding water for ornamental fish even if the concentration is further increased using the suitable environmental water.

  On the other hand, a freshwater ornamental fish rearing test was conducted. Ornamental freshwater fish can be broadly divided into Japanese freshwater fish such as goldfish and Nishikigoi and tropical freshwater fish such as neon tetra. Therefore, these two kinds of experimental fish were mixed. For Japanese freshwater fish, use the carp family ranchu, the carp family kanehira, the carp family hawk, and the carp family Nishikigoi.For tropical freshwater fish, use the piranha natteri of the calacinae family, the neon tetra of the calacinae family, and the discus of the cichlid family. It was.

  The breeding water used for the test is conventionally 25% breeding water. The results of the breeding test are shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 35 (a) and (b), it has been found that tropical freshwater fish have a maximum survival time of 10 days and a minimum of 5 days, and are not applicable as breeding water for tropical freshwater fish. In contrast, Japanese freshwater fish were confirmed to survive for 30 days. The breeding test was completed when the breeding period reached 30 days.

  The tropical freshwater fish died early, so detailed observations are not stated, but the long-term surviving Japanese freshwater fish (Ranchu, Nishikigoi, Kanehira, and Wataka) have been raised but are still being raised. As a result of observations, phenomena such as body color fading, body surface roughness, and scale handstand were observed.

  From the breeding results of these Japanese freshwater fish and tropical freshwater fish, it can hardly be said that they have been raised normally, and it has been found that conventional 25% breeding water is inappropriate as breeding water for freshwater fish.

  The inventor went through each of the above experiments and looked at the transition of the pH. As a result, a phenomenon was observed in which the pH increased as the number of breeding days passed. When the pH exceeds 7, the ammonium ion present in the breeding water becomes ammonia and is melted in the water. Ammonia is known to be highly toxic to fish, and it was expected that the pH would need to be kept constant.

  Therefore, the inventor tried an experiment using breeding water in which pH was adjusted using anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, which have been widely used as pH buffer materials. That is, in the conventional 25% breeding water used in the experiment shown in FIG. 32, anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate were used in a ratio of 6: 4, and anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate was 0.3969. [g / l], 0.2663 [g / l] of anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate was added, and an experiment using breeding water with a fixed pH of 7 was attempted.

  The result of the breeding experiment with breeding water with pH fixed at 7 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 36 (a), the average life of each fish species is 9.28 days, which is approximately the same as the average life of the conventional 44% breeding water breeding experiment shown in FIG. It was. From this experimental result, it was found that fixing the breeding water to pH 7 with a pH buffer material is not effective for ornamental seawater fish.

  At the same time, an experiment for breeding ornamental freshwater fish was attempted using the breeding water using the pH buffer material shown in FIG. That is, a breeding experiment was conducted using breeding water in which a pH buffer material was added to 25% breeding water and sodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were added at a ratio of 6: 4 so that the pH became 7. In addition, in the experiment shown in FIG. 35, since long-term rearing was confirmed, in this experiment, one silver arowana of the arowana family was added to the fish species of the experiment shown in FIG. Breeding experiments were carried out by increasing the number of fish species to 5 each. The results of this experiment are shown in FIG.

  As a result of the experiment, in the case of breeding ornamental freshwater fish, almost all fish species were successfully raised for 30 days until the end of the experiment. In particular, in the experiment shown in FIG. 35, the lifespan of neon tetra, discus, and piranha nuttery tropical freshwater fish, which were short-lived, was significantly improved. However, only neon tetra may have died before 30 days depending on the individual. Furthermore, in the case of tropical freshwater fish, each species of fish is attenuated in body color, the surface of the body, There was a phenomenon such as handstand that showed an unfavorable rearing condition. On the other hand, the freshwater fish produced in Japan did not show the phenomenon of poor breeding, and seemed to be able to breed well.

  As a result, it was found that fixing to breeding water with pH buffer material to pH 7 is effective for Japanese freshwater fish.

  Therefore, breeding experiments were conducted on other tropical freshwater fish. It is the experiment shown in FIG. 38, and the fish species are Colidoras of the Calictis family, Datonioids of the Datonioides family, Serfin plecos of the Lorilicaria family, Kaurreus of the Cyclic family, Discus of the Cyclic family, Endriquery of the Polyptera family, Oscar of the Cyclic family, It was. Then, in response to the experimental results shown in FIG. 37, the experimental period was extended from 30 days to 60 days. Endriqueries and Oscars were tested with one individual.

  Then, although the lifespans of Corydoras and endoliqueli were short-lived, in almost all other fish species, they survived after the 60-day breeding experiment period.

  In response to this, it has been determined that the conventional breeding water having a pH of 7 by adding a pH buffer to 25% breeding water is effective as breeding water for tropical ornamental freshwater fish.

  Since it was judged that fixing the breeding water to pH 7 with a pH buffering material was effective for ornamental freshwater fish, it was decided to further deepen the consideration as breeding water for ornamental saltwater fish.

  The inventor inferred that it depends on the difference in habitat environment or the size of the individual such as body weight, body length, etc., and selected multiple species with different fish sizes in the same cinnamon family and long-term breeding for 30 days I tried an experiment.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 39, only the French Angel and Sazanami Yakko were confirmed to have long-term growth among the large yakkos of the Ginseng family. This French angel, Sazanami Miyako, has been observed for a long period of more than half a year and has been kept in good condition even after the expiration of the test period. Inazuma Yakko, which belongs to the same cinnamon family, was very short-lived, and the long-tailed cinnamon was next short-lived.

  Based on this result, it was considered that large fish species belonging to the same family were long-lived, and it could be inferred that they depended on individual size such as differences in habitat or body weight.

  From the experimental results shown in FIG. 36 and FIG. 37, the inventor came up with the idea that the pH of breeding water, which is considered to be a factor controlling the osmotic pressure of ornamental fish, should be the same as the pH of fish blood. With regard to the ornamental freshwater fish, breeding experiments were conducted using the breeding water adjusted to pH 7.3.

  FIG. 40 shows that in the conventional 25% breeding water, anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and anhydrous potassium diphosphate are in a ratio of 7.5: 2.5, and the anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate is 0.4961. [g / l], 0.1668 [g / l] anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added, and the pH buffer material was used for breeding with the breeding water adjusted so that the pH of the breeding water was 7.3. It is the result of conducting a breeding experiment on saltwater fish. The fish species used in the experiment were the luciferaceae, Luriyacco, the kingletfish, the kingfisher, the butterflyfish, the damselfish, and the damselfish. And in the dinosaur family, rearing was considered difficult, but the small fish used widely as ornamental fish, Luryakko and Namera octopus, were reared for each fish type. However, the number of devices was 5.

  As a result of the breeding experiment, as shown in FIG. 40 (a), the average lifespan was very short as 4.53 days. The same phenomenon was seen in Luriyacco, Namerayakkko, and Hatata Tease, and the survival was significantly worse. The inventor inferred from the experience of the development of the preferred environmental water that there may be a lack of unexplained components in seawater fish.

  And the breeding water which adjusted the conventional 25% breeding water to pH7.3 shown in FIG. 40 was judged to be unsuitable for ornamental fish breeding.

  However, experimenting with breeding water with 25% breeding water adjusted to pH 7.3 has not been conducted for other fish species, and experimenting with breeding by changing the breeding environment to a large aquarium. The experiment was conducted using a 1000 [l] water tank. The fish species used were Coridoras of the Calictis family, Pleco of the Loricaria family, Hatase Hasedai of the group Gossip, Goldfish Hanadai of Grouper, Sarasagonbe of Gombeidae, Akahara Yakko of Kinsakidae, and Lulyacco of the same family Raised.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 41 (a), goldfish Hanadai and Corydoras were short-lived, but compared to the 55 [l] aquarium breeding experiment shown in FIG. I know that. From these, when the amount of breeding water per breeding fish is increased, the lifespan is extended, the lack of unidentified components inferred from the results of breeding experiments shown in FIG. 40, and the breeding fish per breeding fish shown in FIG. When combined with the increase in life due to the increase in breeding water, it is not confirmed, but it is speculated that some component will be deficient during breeding, and supplementing this unidentified component in the suitable environmental water, It came to the idea that breeding water for ornamental fish could be developed.

  In addition, there has been no conventional treatment water for ornamental fish for the treatment of fish using the same breeding water for ornamental fish.

  Therefore, a breeding experiment was conducted using a glass water tank 1 of 55 [l], which is used in general households, as shown in FIG. 1 and a water purification filter 2 composed of a simple upper filter tank.

  An air pump 3 supplies air from the air supply pipe 4 to the breeding water in the glass water tank 1 through the hose 5.

  The water purification filter 2 is installed in the upper part of the glass water tank 1 and includes a filter medium 21 inside. The filter medium 21 is made of a resin material that is finely entangled such as sponge-like foamed resin, activated carbon, and nonwoven fabric. Then, the water purification filter 2 drives the pump 24 for pumping up the breeding water, pumps it from the glass water tank 1 through the water absorption pipe 22, and returns it to the glass water tank 1 again from the water discharge pipe 23 through the filter medium 21. It has a structure.

  Thus, the apparatus used for the experiment is as simple as that used for breeding.

  The inventor conducted an experiment for breeding ornamental saltwater fish and ornamental freshwater fish with the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in order to identify additional substances necessary for producing breeding water for ornamental fish.

  As a result of each experiment shown in the conventional example, the inventor has adjusted (1) magnesium addition amount to 0.166 [g / l] in each experiment shown in FIGS. (2) Fish skeletal components are mainly phosphoric acid, potassium and calcium, and magnesium is abundant. (3) Intracellular fluid is phosphoric acid, potassium and calcium, and magnesium is present. Taking into account the fact that the amount is small and that the phenomenon of rough body surface, scales, etc., was noticeable in the breeding process of Japanese freshwater fish, Devas sparrow, cinnamon, etc. Fish low calcium plasma was suspected.

  On the other hand, in the breeding experiments shown in FIG. 31 to FIG. 40, although there are examples in which long-term breeding of ornamental freshwater fish has been successfully performed, the ornamental saltwater fish is not capable of long-term breeding, and the preferred In environmental water, edible saltwater fish, the same saltwater fish, was bred well. The magnesium used above is magnesium sulfate, but other magnesium salts may be used as long as they are not toxic to fish. Magnesium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, metal magnesium, magnesium phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, pyrroline Magnesium acid phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium citrate, magnesium stearate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium lactate, organic acid magnesium, magnesium tetrahydrogen phosphate and the like can be substituted.

  Taking these into consideration, the inventor first conducted an experiment to develop ornamental fish breeding water to which components capable of long-term breeding of ornamental saltwater fish were added.

  The inventor took these facts into consideration, and measured the amount of each component of the breeding water in the flounder aquarium already cultivated for 3 months or more under the same breeding conditions as the preferred environmental water. The breeding water used in this breeding experiment is a conventional 25% breeding water similar to the breeding experiment shown in FIG.

  As a result, the calcium ion added as the preferred environmental water was 0.0992 [g / l] at the time of breeding water generation, but increased to 0.320 [g / l] at the time of measurement. It was. Therefore, the calcium ion is increased by 0.2208 [g / l] in 3 months. And in the breeding environment for 3 months, (1) The material of the aquarium is FRP and vinyl chloride, so that calcium ions are not eluted from the aquarium. (2) The filter material is made of ceramic, so there is no elution from the filter media. It can be seen that elution from the experimental apparatus is impossible.

  As a result, during the three months of breeding, there is no way to increase the amount of calcium ions other than the feed supplied from outside, so the increased calcium ions were eluted from the remaining feed of the supplied feed. It seemed to be a thing.

  On the other hand, the amount of calcium ions in the breeding water of ornamental saltwater fish was measured. That is, in the experiment with the conventional 25% breeding water shown in FIG. 32, which is the breeding experiment of ornamental seawater fish similar to the above-described farming breeding experiment, the amount of calcium ions added at the start of the experiment is 0.0992 [g / l]. On the other hand, when the amount of calcium ions in the breeding water at the end of the experiment was measured, it was found that the amount was approximately the same as the amount of calcium ions added at the start of the experiment.

  From these results, if it is as inferred by the inventor, it can be said that the failure of the breeding experiment is due to low calcium plasma, so the inventor, as shown in FIG. 2, as a basic experiment (1), In the experiment shown in FIG. 31 to FIG. 40, a small seawater fish was selected even in the kinchakidae, which was short-lived, and each one of the kingfisher family luriyacco, kinchakidai arajakko, kinchakidai lamella octopus, Three each of the damselfish medusae were placed in the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1 (the same apparatus used in the experiment shown in FIGS. 31 to 40), and the breeding experiment was started. In addition, as for feeding during the experiment, a predetermined amount of general tropical fish food on the market was given.

  In the experiment shown in FIG. 2, 0.401 [g / l], which is an abundance in standard seawater, has a calcium ion amount higher than that of the conventional 25% breeding water similar to the breeding water used in the experiment shown in FIG. The breeding water to which anhydrous calcium chloride was added was used. Further, breeding water in which anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate were fixed at a ratio of 6: 4 to 7 as a pH buffer was used. That is, 7.125 [g / l] for sodium chloride, 2.774 [g / l] for sodium, 1.1689 [g / l] for anhydrous calcium chloride [0.401 [g / l] for calcium, and 0.17763 [g / l] for calcium chloride g / l] (0.0951 [g / l] for potassium), 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous dihydrogen hydrogen phosphate as a pH buffer, and 0.2663 anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate [g / l] is added. Hereinafter, this breeding water is referred to as Ca401 breeding water.

  The results of the rearing experiment were as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), each fish species has an average life span of 26.76 days, which is a dramatic long-term breeding compared to the conventional marine fish breeding experiment shown in the conventional example. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2B, even the shortest life is 18 days of Deverenia medusae, and in particular, in the case of Hatata Haze, in the conventional experiment, the life of Hatata Haze is 4 days at the longest (see FIGS. 35 and 39). ), The number of days surviving was greatly increased to 33 days.

  From this experimental result, it was found that it is effective to increase the amount of calcium ions as breeding water for ornamental seawater fish.

  In order to support that the conventional 25% breeding water with increased calcium ions shown in FIG. 2 is effective in further raising the calcium ions, the inventor shown in FIG. 11 as a basic experiment (2). Breeding water obtained by adding 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate and 0.2663 [g / l] anhydrous dipotassium hydrogen phosphate as pH buffer materials to the conventional 25% breeding water used in the experiment The same experiment as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3A, the average life decreased significantly to 13.53 days. As is clear from the comparison with FIG. 34 (b), the survival time of only the octopus is increased, but this seems to be due to the difference between the octopus individuals used in the experiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. It is thought that the octopus individuals used for breeding experiments with Ca401 breeding water were weak. As described above, the superiority of breeding with Ca401 breeding water with increased calcium ions was confirmed.

    Next, the inventor conducted breeding experiments on ornamental seawater fish and ornamental freshwater fish in a 1000 [l] aquarium, which is a breeding tank similar to the above-described experiment breeding tank using the suitable environmental water.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 4, an experiment was performed using a filtration filter 7 composed of a sealed filtration tank in a water tank 6 of about 1000 [l]. In addition, rod-shaped ceramics 25 [l] and the coral sand 5 [l] to be the filter medium 8 are added to the filter 7. In addition, although the foam separation apparatus 9 is described in FIG. 4, the foam separation apparatus 9 is used for removing floating substances such as fish excrement and surplus food in the breeding water in order to use the breeding water for a long time. It is not used in short-term experiments. In addition, although the breeding water cooling device 10 is also described, this is installed in order to keep the breeding water temperature constant according to the experimental environment because the temperature of the breeding water rises too much in a water tank installed outdoors in summer. Is.

  Then, in the basic experiment (3) using this aquarium 6 shown in FIG. 5, as neat ornamental freshwater fish, 10 neon tetrads of calacinaceae, 2 neondwarves of rainbowfish, and 2 corridras of calictis Select as fish, ornamental saltwater fish, two beetle swordfish, two pufferfish, three scallops, one kingfisher, and one ruby octopus A total of 24 breeding experiments were conducted, one for each of the kingfishers.

  As a result of the experiment, as shown in FIG. 5, good results were obtained with respect to lulyacco and striped pufferfish which are relatively difficult to breed with saltwater fish. Hatata-tease also gave good breeding results, but the flounder was short-lived. In addition, all freshwater fish have a short breeding period, and Corydoras survived an average of 25.67 days according to the experimental results (shown in FIG. 37) of breeding water to which pH buffer material was added to 25% breeding water to make pH 7. On the other hand, the basic experiment (3) ended with a short life of 9 days. Similarly, the life expectancy of Neondwarf is as short as 9 days, and in Neon Tetra, all lived for only 1 day and were extremely short-lived.

  In the breeding experiments shown in FIG. 36 and FIG. 37, the ornamental freshwater fish was successfully bred at pH 7, whereas in the basic experiment (3), the ornamental freshwater fish was short-lived. In FIG. 36 and FIG. 37, calcium ions are added based on the preferred environmental water, and in the basic experiment (1), calcium ions are added in a larger amount than in FIG. 36 and FIG. Therefore, it is considered that the amount decreases due to absorption by the fish body or adsorption by the filter medium 21. On the other hand, in the basic experiment (3), the amount of breeding water is about 20 times that in the basic experiment (1). The addition seemed to be affected.

  As shown in FIG. 6, following the basic experiment (3), a tropical seawater fish breeding experiment of other fish species was performed as a basic experiment (4), using the same apparatus and breeding water as in the basic experiment (3). The fish species used in the experiment were two eelfishes from the family Crestedidae, 2 luryaccos from the dinosauridae, 1 arajacco from the dinosauridae, 4 cubae butterflyfishes, 5 There are three grouper kingfishers, four goths, four goats, five scorpions.

  As a result of the experiment, the life of the octopus was short, but the octopus used in the experiment may not have been healthy. Half of Sarasa Gombe was short-lived and two were long-lived, but it was unclear whether it was the individual's fault or the environment.

  As a result of the basic experiment (2) and the basic experiment (3), it was found that the marine ornamental fish are well bred in the kinchakidae, butterflyfish, nizadai, goby, and grouper.

  In order to clarify the favorable range of the calcium ion concentration when breeding tropical seawater aquarium fish, the inventor has further added calcium buffer to breeding water to which pH buffer material is added to 25% breeding water and adjusted to pH 7. Using the breeding water to which anhydrous calcium chloride is added so that the ion concentration becomes 200 [mg / l], the basic experiment (5) in the same fish species and the same breeding condition as the basic experiment (1) shown in FIG. went. Therefore, this basic experiment (5) is an experiment in which the calcium ion concentration is 200 [mg / l] compared to the calcium ion concentration 401 [mg / l] of the basic experiment (1).

  The result of this basic experiment (5) is shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 7, the average life in the basic experiment (5) is clearly shortened to 14.27 days compared to the average life in the basic experiment (1), and the experiment is performed at a calcium ion concentration of 200 [mg / l]. It was concluded that good breeding was not possible compared to 1.

  In the basic experiment (5) shown in FIG. 7, since it was not suitable for breeding tropical ornamental seawater fish, a basic experiment (6) in which the calcium ion concentration was further increased to 250 [mg / l] was attempted. . Similar to the basic experiment (5), the basic experiment (6) was performed under the same fish species and the same breeding conditions as the basic experiment (1) shown in FIG.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the average life was 27.40 days, which was substantially equivalent to the average life of 26.67 days in the basic experiment (1). From this result, even if the calcium ion concentration is 250 [mg / l], the result is the same as the breeding with the breeding water with the calcium ion concentration of 401 [mg / l] in the basic experiment (1) shown in FIG. became.

  Furthermore, as an experiment to confirm that ornamental seawater fish can be raised if the calcium ion concentration is a certain amount or more, as shown in FIG. 9, only calcium ions are increased from the basic experiment (6) to increase calcium. A basic experiment (7) using breeding water with an ion concentration of 300 [mg / l] was attempted.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the average lifespan was 27.67 days, and it was found that good breeding was possible as in the basic experiments (4) and (6).

  The experiment was conducted with the maximum calcium ion concentration being 401 [mg / l], but if the calcium ion concentration is temporary, it can be dissolved in a large amount to a concentration of 1000 [mg / l] or more. Depending on the influence of the absence from the breeding fish and the installation location, it reacts with free carbonic acid and crystallizes as calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate, resulting in precipitation. In this crystallization, crystallization progresses sequentially, and it has been found through experiments that the pH of breeding water is lowered. In addition, the crystallization of calcium carbonate or calcium phosphate may cause a rearing environment in which the pH is 6 or less, resulting in an inferior environment for the domestic fish and the possibility of mass drowning of the domestic fish. There is.

  From the above, since the breeding was not good at a calcium ion concentration of 200 [mg / l] but good at a calcium ion concentration of 250 [mg / l], a pH buffer material was conventionally added to 25% breeding water. Breeding water with a calcium ion concentration of 250 [mg / l] added with anhydrous calcium chloride to breeding water added to pH 7 is judged to be the minimum amount of calcium ion concentration in breeding water that allows good breeding did. The limit value of the calcium ion concentration is a numerical value between the calcium ion concentration of 200 [mg / l] and the calcium ion concentration of 250 [mg / l].

  Based on the results of the above experiments, the inventor can use the breeding water obtained by increasing the calcium ion concentration obtained from each experiment in each component range of the preferred environmental water for good breeding of ornamental seawater fish. I experimented.

  The ornamental saltwater fish used in the experiment was selected as a common ornamental saltwater fish bred at home.

  In the preferred environmental water, each of the sodium ion, potassium ion and calcium ion components has a sodium ion content of 2.777 [g / l] (26.061%) or more and a content of 10.656 [g / l] (100%) or less, potassium ions Content 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026%) or more Content 0.380 [g / l] (100%) or less, Calcium ion content 0.0993 [g / l] (24.763%) or more Content 0.401 [g / l] It has been found that if each component is present in the breeding water so as to be (100%) or less, the breeding of ornamental fish can be performed well. The numerical value shown in parentheses in% indicates the ratio when the standard seawater is 100%.

  In addition, the content of each component of standard seawater varies depending on the sea area, etc., but here we refer to each component of standard seawater described in Introduction to Biological Oceanography (published by Kodansha Scientific). The concentration is 10780 [mg / kg] for sodium ions, 399 [mg / kg] for potassium ions, and 412 [mg / kg] for calcium ions.

  According to the experiment for breeding the preferred environmental water, the minimum content of sodium ions is 2.777 [g / l] (26.061%) or more, the calcium ion content is 0.0993 [g / l] (24.763%) or more, and the potassium ion content is It has been found that aquatic marine fish can be bred satisfactorily if it is contained in the breeding water so that it becomes 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026%) or more. In this invention, there are many descriptions about the components of potassium and sodium, but for sodium, the content for convenience is 2.777 [g / l] (26.061%) is 25%, However, the content of 0.0993 [g / l] (24.763%) is 25%, and the content of potassium is 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026%) is 25%. Similarly, in the following descriptions, when the percentage is simply displayed as 100% or the like, it always represents the abundance ratio with respect to the standard seawater, and when it is described as 100%, the abundance ratio with respect to the standard seawater is 100. %, That is, the same amount as that contained in the standard seawater is included.

  On the other hand, from the above experiments, it has been found that in the breeding of ornamental seawater fish, the calcium ions in the breeding water are reduced because they are adsorbed by a filter or the like.

  From these, it was inferred that it would be possible to breed ornamental seawater fish by adding calcium ions in the breeding water of the preferred environmental water so that the calcium ion would be 250 [mg / l] or more.

  First, 7.0587 [g / l] sodium chloride was added so that the sodium ion abundance was 2.777 [g / l] with a sodium ion concentration of 25% present in the breeding water, and the presence of potassium ions with a potassium ion concentration of 25% 0.724 [g / l] of potassium chloride was added so that the amount became 0.0951 [g / l]. These sodium ion concentration and potassium ion concentration are the minimum concentrations of sodium ion and potassium ion of the preferred environmental water.

  Then, in the water to which sodium and potassium are added, the breeding water in which the calcium ion abundance ratio with respect to the standard seawater is 25% (preferred environmental water minimum concentration), 50%, 75%, 100%, respectively, Breeding experiments were carried out with 5 luris-meuses in each tank filled with breeding water. As a precaution, five discus were bred as ornamental freshwater fish in order to implement that it was possible to breed ornamental freshwater fish at the same time. Moreover, as a pH adjuster, 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous sodium phosphate and 0.26631 [g / l anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate are used as pH adjusters so that the pH can be maintained at about 7 in order to suppress the effect of ammonia on the fish body. ] And are added.

  The breeding period was 4 days, and it was observed whether it was in a good state or an unfavorable situation such as a handstand of scales or a decline in body color. It should be noted that the breeding period was 4 days, as a result of the breeding experiments so far, it was found that changes such as scale handstand and body color decline occurred if there was a 4 day breeding period, It was because it was found that if the animals were bred well for 4 days, changes such as scale handstand would not occur even if they were bred further.

  And as a result of breeding experiment (1) for ornamental fish, it was able to perform favorable breeding in all the aquariums. The results of the ornamental fish rearing experiment (1) are shown in FIG.

  From this experimental result, in the ornamental seawater fish, if the sodium ion concentration and the potassium ion concentration satisfy the minimum concentration of the suitable environmental water, and the calcium ion concentration is equal to or higher than the minimum concentration, breeding the ornamental seawater fish Could be said to be possible.

  However, it is also known that when the calcium ion concentration is high, the calcium ion concentration is decreased due to adsorption of calcium by a water purification filter or the like during long-term breeding, so as described above As domestic breeding water for ornamental fish, it is desirable to add about 250 [mg / l]. In the case where the amount is more than this, it is possible that rare calcium plasma is caused by crystallization of calcium due to the action of the pH buffer, such as when a pH buffer is used.

  Next, as an ornamental fish rearing experiment (2), the calcium ion concentration is 100% of the standard seawater, the sodium ion concentration is the minimum sodium ion concentration of the preferred environmental water, and the potassium ion concentration is similarly the minimum sodium ion. A breeding experiment was conducted when the concentration was changed to 100% of the standard seawater. In addition, calcium chloride dihydrate 1.470 [g / l] was added so that the calcium ion concentration might be 100% (abundance 0.401 [g / l]) which is the lowest abundance ratio relative to standard seawater. This sodium ion concentration is the amount that has been successfully raised in the ornamental fish breeding experiment (1). The breeding period is 6 days. In order to keep the pH at about 7 in order to suppress the effect of ammonia on the fish body, 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous disodium phosphate and 0.26631 [g / l] anhydrous dihydrogen phosphate as pH adjusters ] And are added.

  FIG. 11 shows the results of the ornamental fish breeding experiment (2). And as a result of the experiment, even after the experiment was finished, the fish was healthy and there was no scale upside-down, body surface dripping, body color decline, etc., and it was able to breed well. In addition, although the experiment period was 6 days, it was reared well after that. Therefore, according to the results of the same experiment, when the sodium ion concentration is the minimum concentration of the preferred environmental water and the calcium ion concentration is a concentration that allows good breeding, the potassium ion amount is equal to or higher than the minimum concentration, It turned out that it was able to breed well.

  Next, when the sodium ion concentration is 100% in the existing ratio with respect to the standard seawater and the calcium ion concentration is 100% with respect to the standard seawater, the sodium ion concentration is changed from the lowest concentration to 100% with respect to the standard seawater. An experiment for confirming whether or not breeding at each sodium ion concentration can be carried out satisfactorily was carried out as a breeding experiment for ornamental fish (3). In order to keep the pH at about 7 in order to suppress the effect of ammonia on the fish body, 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous disodium phosphate and 0.26631 [g / l] anhydrous dihydrogen phosphate as pH adjusters ] And are added.

  FIG. 12 shows the results of the ornamental fish breeding experiment (3). As a result of the experiment, as shown in FIG. 12, in the aquarium with a sodium ion concentration of 30% relative to the standard seawater, some drowned in the reared fish appeared, but it can be reared well at other sodium ion concentrations It has been found.

  From this result, fish drowned only when the sodium ion concentration was 30% among the well-bred sodium ion concentrations, but it was confirmed that good breeding at the previous and subsequent concentrations was confirmed. It is presumed that there was a problem with the health of the fish that had been tested. In view of this, in the breeding experiment for ornamental fish (3), it was determined that the sodium ion concentration could be favorably raised from the minimum concentration of the suitable environmental water to 100%.

  In the breeding experiment for ornamental fish (1), the sodium ion concentration and the potassium ion concentration are set to the minimum concentrations at which the suitable environmental water can be bred, and in this sodium ion concentration and potassium ion concentration, the calcium ion concentration is also set to the preferred environment. The concentration of calcium ions that can be bred for the breeding environment in ordinary households was determined by changing the water concentration from the lowest bred level to 100% of the standard seawater.

  In addition, in the breeding experiment for ornamental fish (2) and (3), the sodium ion concentration and the potassium ion concentration were adjusted while taking care not to cause crystallization as 100% of the standard seawater out of the amount that can be kept well. Experiments to change were performed. As a result, it was proved that good breeding can be achieved with respect to changes in sodium ion concentration and potassium ion concentration as long as the calcium ion concentration can be raised satisfactorily.

  That is, in the ornamental fish breeding experiment (1) to the ornamental fish breeding experiment (3), among the calcium ion concentrations that can be favorably bred, the sodium ion concentration and the potassium ion concentration are the lowest that can be favorably bred. It was found that the animal can be reared well in the case of the concentration and in the case of 100% concentration with respect to the standard seawater. In addition, when the sodium ion concentration is the same minimum concentration, it has been found that even if the potassium ion concentration is changed from the lowest concentration to the same 100% concentration, it can be bred well. It has been found that when the concentration is%, the sodium ion concentration can be raised well even if the concentration is changed from the lowest concentration to the same 100% concentration.

  Based on these results, finally, the calcium ion concentration in the case of 250 [mg / l] where the abundance ratio with respect to the standard seawater is about 75% and 401 [mg / l] where it becomes 100%, A breeding water having a minimum sodium ion concentration relative to standard seawater that can be favorably bred and having a potassium ion concentration of 100% relative to standard seawater is prepared. Breeding water having the minimum concentration and potassium ion concentration capable of breeding the preferred environmental water satisfactorily was prepared, and each breeding experiment was attempted. This experiment was designated as an ornamental fish breeding experiment (4), and the results of this experiment are shown in FIG. In addition, the ornamental saltwater fish used in the experiment was a luris jellyfish as before, and 5 fish were put in each tank, and the breeding period was 6 days. In order to keep the pH at about 7 in order to suppress the effect of ammonia on the fish body, 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous disodium phosphate and 0.26631 [g / l] anhydrous dihydrogen phosphate as pH adjusters ] And are added.

  As a result, it was found that when the calcium ion concentration was such that the sodium ion concentration was the minimum concentration and the potassium ion concentration was the 100% concentration, the calcium ion concentration could be maintained well. It was found that when the ion concentration was reversed and the sodium ion concentration was the 100% concentration and the potassium ion concentration was the minimum concentration, breeding was possible.

  Therefore, from the experiments (1) to (7), in the breeding of ornamental seawater fish, the calcium ion concentration in the breeding water is lowered in the breeding environment, and there is a case where good breeding cannot be performed. In order to solve this problem, it has been found that good breeding is possible by setting the calcium ion concentration in the breeding water to be a predetermined value or more.

  Further, from the results of the ornamental fish breeding experiment (1) to the ornamental fish breeding experiment (4), the sodium ion concentration and the potassium ion concentration are within the range from the lowest concentration to the 100% concentration of the preferred environmental water. It was demonstrated that ornamental seawater fish can be bred satisfactorily with breeding water whose ion concentration is the value obtained in Experiments (1) to (7).

  And, from the results of each of the above experiments, the calcium ion concentration in the breeding water is 300, considering that the amount of feed during breeding is relatively small in the breeding of ornamental fish, and that the breeding water is in a state where precipitation is difficult to occur. The conclusion was reached that [mg / l] is preferable.

  And it was found that the calcium ion concentration that can be bred satisfactorily is such that the abundance in the breeding water is 250 [mg / l] or more, and the abundance that does not crystallize is possible. Although the abundance that does not crystallize varies depending on the breeding conditions, 401 [mg / l], where the abundance ratio with respect to standard seawater is 100%, was successfully raised, so it was set to 401 [mg / l].

  In the above experiments, the abundances and numerical values of sodium ions, potassium ions, and calcium ions are collectively shown in FIG.

  From the results of the above experiments, sodium chloride was 7.0587 [g / l] to 27.085 [g / l], potassium chloride was 0.1813 [g / l] to 0.7242 [g / l], and calcium chloride 2 The hydrated salt was formulated from 1.1028 [g / l] to 1.4703 [g / l] and used as an aquarium fish breeding water preparation, and could be used for aquarium fish breeding water. In each of the above experiments, breeding water was similarly prepared by adding it to tap water or river water, groundwater, rainwater, or the like, which contains a drug containing each component.

  Separately, the pH adjuster (pH buffer) is prepared by preparing 0.3969 [g / l] anhydrous sodium hydrogen phosphate and 0.26631 [g / l] anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Added to breeding water.

  However, the pH adjuster was prepared separately because it was prepared so as to have a pH of 7 or other values. For example, a pH adjuster prepared so as to have a pH of 7 can be used for producing aquaculture fish breeding water. It may be added to the breeding water after preliminarily blended into the agent and mixed with fresh water such as tap water pumped as one agent.

  As the pH adjuster, disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were used as phosphate-based pH adjusters. It is known that disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added so as to have a predetermined ratio, so that the pH value of the breeding water serving as a solvent can be set to a desired value. For example, when the ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to disodium hydrogen phosphate is approximately 4: 6, and added to the breeding water, the pH is approximately 7. The pH adjuster can adjust the pH value between about pH 6 and pH 8. In addition to the above-mentioned pH adjuster, any substance that does not affect the living body of ornamental fish can be used. For example, MES, ADA, PIPES, MOPS, HEPES, etc., which are good buffer agents, can be used. It is known as a known buffer and can be used. In addition, since the detailed description about the pH adjuster by the said disodium hydrogen phosphate and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the said good buffer is well-known, it abbreviate | omits.

  Next, in order to specify the pH range in which the ornamental saltwater fish and the ornamental freshwater fish can be bred in the breeding water for the ornamental fish in which the ornamental saltwater fish and the ornamental freshwater fish can be reared, Breeding experiments were conducted at each pH value using a glass water tank having a volume of about 55 [l] equipped with a water purification filter using a filtration tank. The water for ornamental fish used in the experiment has a sodium ion content of 2.777 [g / l] (26.061%), a potassium ion content of 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026%), and a calcium ion content. Experiments were conducted to breed ornamental saltwater fish and ornamental freshwater fish using the one adjusted to 0.3 [g / l]. The ornamental saltwater fish used in the breeding experiments were five clownfish, five luris turtles, and two yellow hagi. The ornamental freshwater fish were five goldfish, five spearfish, and five guppy. The pH value of the aquarium fish breeding water was adjusted using a pH adjuster prepared by adjusting disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to pH 5, pH 6, pH 7, pH 7.5, pH 8. The experiment was carried out with adjustment. The experimental minimum pH value is set to pH 5 and the maximum pH value is set to pH 8 because of previous experimental experience. That is, it has been found in previous experiments that the survival rate of freshwater fish and saltwater fish deteriorates at pH 5, and as a known fact, there are few ornamental fish that must be adjusted to pH 8 or higher. The pH value was used.

  15 to 19 show experimental results for specifying the pH range. The experiment shown in each figure shows the number of living organisms and the survival rate at each pH value when the aquarium species and number, the breeding environment are the same, and the pH value is changed to pH 5 to pH 8. In each experiment shown in FIGS. 15 to 19, the breeding fish and the number were as described above, and the breeding observation period was 30 days, and the water temperature was 25 degrees.

  The experiment shown in FIG. 15 is the result of breeding the fish species and the number of fish in the breeding water for ornamental fish adjusted to pH 5 with the disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Figure 15 shows the table items from left to right: fish species, number of saltwater fish, number of freshwater fish, number of surviving fish after 30 days, survival rate after 30 days, and the average survival rate of all domestic fish is shown at the bottom of the survival rate after 30 days. Yes. As a result of the experiment according to FIG. 15, in the breeding water for ornamental fish adjusted to pH 5, only 3 of 12 ornamental saltwater fish survived and only 7 of 15 ornamental freshwater fish survived after 30 days. It was. Thus, in the experiment with pH 5, the survival rate of both the ornamental saltwater fish and the ornamental freshwater fish was low, and averaged 33.3 [%]. In addition, surviving fish were observed to have scales. As a result, when the survival rate after 30 days was 33.3 [%], it was judged that the water was not sufficient as breeding water for ornamental fish. The items shown in FIGS. 16 to 24 are the same as the items shown in FIG.

  Next, an experiment was attempted with a pH value of pH 6. The results of the experiment with pH 6 are shown in FIG. In the breeding water for ornamental fish adjusted to pH 6, one of the clown fish and the white hare died in the ornamental saltwater fish, and one goldfish and guppy died in the ornamental freshwater fish. The average survival rate after 30 days was 81.7 [%]. In addition, no abnormalities such as detours were found in the surviving fish, confirming that they were in good breeding conditions. In response to this result, 30 days later, more than 80% were alive and no abnormalities were found in the surviving fish, so it was judged that it could be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  FIG. 17 shows the results of an experiment using breeding water for ornamental fish with a pH value adjusted to 7. As shown in FIG. 17, in the breeding water adjusted to pH 7, one ornamental saltwater fish, Rurizuzume, died, but all other breeding fish survived after 30 days. In this experiment, as in the experiment at pH 6, no abnormalities were found in the living fish. The overall survival rate was 96.7 [%]. Accordingly, it was determined that the breeding water having a pH of 7 can be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  FIG. 18 shows the results of an experiment using breeding water for ornamental fish with a pH value adjusted to 7.5. As shown in FIG. 18, in the breeding water adjusted to pH 7.5, one ornamental saltwater clownfish died and one ornamental freshwater goldfish died, but all other breeding fish survived after 30 days. Was. Also, no abnormalities were found in the surviving fish. The overall survival rate was 93.3 [%]. Based on this result, it was determined that the breeding water having a pH of 7.5 can be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  FIG. 19 shows the results of an experiment using breeding water for ornamental fish with a pH value adjusted to 8. As shown in FIG. 19, in the breeding water adjusted to pH 8, one of the ornamental saltwater fish clownfish died and one of the ornamental freshwater fish goldfish, Yaritanago and Guppy died, but all other breeding fish were 30 days. He was alive later. Also, no abnormalities were found in the surviving fish. The overall survival rate was 86.7 [%]. Based on this result, it was determined that the breeding water having a pH of 8 can be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  Further, in the case where a large tank of about 1000 [l] as shown in FIG. 4 is used, similarly to the experiment shown in FIGS. 15 to 19, the marine fish for ornamentation and the ornamental when the pH value is changed A freshwater fish breeding experiment was attempted. Results of pH fluctuation experiments using a large water tank are shown in FIGS. In each experiment shown in FIGS. 20 to 24, the ornamental saltwater fish and the freshwater fish for ornamentation are the same as the ornamental saltwater fish in accordance with the experiments shown in FIGS. 15 to 19, and the ornamental freshwater fish is a new one. Added Silver Grammy. The number of marine fish for ornamental use was 50 clownfish, 50 luris sharks and 10 yellow hagi. In addition, the number of ornamental freshwater fish was 30 goldfish, 30 spearfish, 100 guppy, and 20 silver grammy.

  The experiment shown in FIG. 20 is the result of breeding the fish species and number of fish in the aquarium fish breeding water adjusted to pH 5 with the disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. FIG. 20 shows the items in the table from the left: fish species, number of saltwater fish, number of freshwater fish, number of surviving fish after 30 days, survival rate after 30 days, and the average survival rate of all domestic fish is shown at the bottom of the survival rate after 30 days. Yes. As a result of the experiment according to FIG. 20, in the breeding water for ornamental fish adjusted to pH 5, only 14 out of 110 ornamental saltwater fish survived after 30 days, and only 64 out of 180 ornamental freshwater fish survived. It was. As described above, in the experiment using pH 5, the survival rate of both the ornamental saltwater fish and the ornamental freshwater fish was low and averaged 28 [%]. In addition, surviving fish were observed to have scales. As a result, if the survival rate after 30 days was 28 [%], it was judged that it was insufficient as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  Next, an experiment was attempted with a pH value of pH 6. The results of the experiment with pH 6 are shown in FIG. In the breeding water for ornamental fish with pH 6, 10 clownfish and luris suzume were killed in the ornamental saltwater fish, 5 yellow hagi died, 2 goldfishes in the ornamental freshwater fish, 1 spearfish, 5 guppy, silver Three Grammy died. The average survival rate after 30 days was 83.3 [%]. In addition, no abnormalities such as detours were found in the surviving fish, confirming that they were in good breeding conditions. In response to this result, 30 days later, more than 80% were alive and no abnormalities were found in the surviving fish, so it was judged that it could be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  FIG. 22 shows the result of an experiment using breeding water for ornamental fish with a pH value adjusted to 7. As shown in FIG. 22, in the breeding water adjusted to pH 7, three clown fish in ornamental saltwater fish, two luris sharks and two yellow hagi died, and goldfish and silver grammy all survived in ornamental freshwater fish. 2 Yaritanago and 5 Guppy died. In this experiment, as in the experiment at pH 6, no abnormalities were found in the living fish. The overall survival rate was 94 [%]. Accordingly, it was determined that the breeding water having a pH of 7 can be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  FIG. 23 shows the results of an experiment using breeding water for ornamental fish adjusted to pH 7.5. As shown in FIG. 23, in the breeding water adjusted to pH 7.5, three clown fish in ornamental saltwater fish, two luris sharks, one white swallowtail died, and freshwater fish in the ornamental freshwater fish are all alive. One goldfish, five guppy, and three silver grammy died, but all other domesticated fish were still alive after 30 days. Also, no abnormalities were found in the surviving fish. The overall survival rate was 95.5 [%]. Based on this result, it was determined that the breeding water having a pH of 7.5 can be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  FIG. 24 shows the result of an experiment using breeding water for ornamental fish adjusted to pH 8. As shown in FIG. 24, in the breeding water adjusted to pH 8, all the white-spotted fish are alive in the ornamental saltwater fish, five clownfish and four luris sharks die, five ornamental freshwater fishes and five goldfishes One animal, five guppyes, and two silver grammys died, but all other reared fish survived after 30 days. Also, no abnormalities were found in the surviving fish. The overall survival rate was 92.4 [%]. Based on this result, it was determined that the breeding water having a pH of 8 can be used as breeding water for ornamental fish.

  From the results of each experiment in which the pH value shown in FIGS. 15 to 24 was changed, it was found that the breeding water for ornamental fish can maintain a good breeding environment in the pH range of pH 6 to pH 8.

  The abundances of sodium ions, calcium ions, and potassium ions, which are cations present in the aquarium fish breeding water, are as described in the above experiments. The abundance in the breeding water is shown in FIG. 25 as a list.

  FIG. 25 is a table showing the abundance ratio per unit volume of potassium ions, sodium ions, calcium ions and chloride ions, which are cations in the breeding water for ornamental fish, relative to standard seawater. It is. In FIG. 25, “−” and “+” symbols representing ions are omitted. The chloride ion shown in FIG. 25 is maximum when the abundance ratio with respect to standard seawater is 100% for potassium ion, potassium ion, and sodium ion, respectively, and is shown in the bottom column of the chloride column in the right column in FIG. The abundance ratio to the standard seawater is 91.42935 [%] and 17.69158 [g / l]. In addition, the chloride ion has a ratio of potassium ion and sodium ion of 25 [%] (potassium ion 0.0951 [g / l], sodium ion 2.777 [g / l]) to standard seawater, Is the minimum when it is 62.34 [%] (0.25 [g / l]), and the ratio to the standard seawater described in the upper column of the chloride column in the right column in FIG. 25 is 24.85475 [%] (4.809394 [g / l]) It becomes. Practically, potassium ion and sodium ion are 25 [%] (potassium ion 0.0951 [g / l], sodium ion 2.777 [g / l]), and calcium ion is 75 [%] (0.30075 [g / l]). l]) is preferable, and by setting the abundance ratio, calcium ions are not crystallized and precipitated, and the presence of calcium ions is not insufficient. The abundance ratio and abundance of chloride ions at other abundance ratios of potassium, sodium, and calcium ions are as shown in FIG.

  In addition, the inventor has come up with treatment breeding water for improving the health condition for ornamental fish with poor health condition, and since zinc has a bactericidal action from the past, zinc sulfate that dissolves well in water, An experiment was conducted to add a small amount to the breeding water for ornamental fish.

  The aquarium fish that was the subject of the experiment was an aquarium fish that showed symptoms such as a handstand of scales and a decline in body color in each of the above experiments and other experiments.

  In FIG. 26, an experiment of each concentration with the treatment water with zinc added to the ornamental seawater fish using the clown fish as a test fish was performed as a treatment water experiment (1).

  In the treatment water experiment (1), the sodium ion concentration and the potassium ion concentration, which were verified to be successfully raised as aquarium fish breeding water in the breeding water experiment for ornamental fish, are the minimum concentrations, respectively. Used breeding water for ornamental fish with a concentration of 100% with respect to standard seawater. That is, sodium chloride was added as sodium in an amount of 7.0587 [g / l] so that the amount of sodium ions was 2.777 [g / l] (26.061% of the standard seawater). Further, 0.1813 [g / l] of potassium chloride was added as potassium ions so that the amount of potassium ions was 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026% of standard seawater). Furthermore, 1.4703 [g / l] of calcium chloride dihydrate was added as calcium ions so that the amount of calcium ions was 0.401 [g / l].

  Add zinc sulfate to the breeding water so that the amount of zinc ions is 0.0005 [g / l], observe the state of the diseased fish and the pathogenic amylodium protozoa, and the diseased fish will not die, When the oodinium protozoa were in a state of no reproduction or change, zinc sulfate was gradually added, and the amount of zinc ions that could confirm the decrease and death of amyloodinium protozoa was confirmed.

  As a result, when zinc sulfate was added so that the zinc ion concentration became 0.0005 [g / l], the disease fish of the clown fish could be raised without dying, and the growth of amyloodinium protozoa was not observed. Since the growth of amyludinium was observed, the amount of zinc ion added was increased to 0.001 [g / l] and the follow-up was followed. As a result, amyloodinium protozoa were killed and clownfish were restored to a healthy body.

  The water tank used in the test was a water tank containing 200 [l] of treatment water, using the water filter for purifying water of the upper filter filtration method used in each experiment. The apparatus used for the experiment is the same as the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1 except that the capacity of the water tank and the capacity of the water purification filter are large.

  In the treatment water experiment (1), the breeding period was 20 days, and the follow-up was observed while increasing the amount of zinc ions. As a result, as shown in FIG. 26, in the treatment water experiment (1), it was confirmed that the pathogenic amyloodinium protozoan was killed, and the diseased fish recovered to a healthy fish.

  Next, an experiment was conducted on how zinc ions act in seawater. This experiment is a treatment water experiment (2), and FIG. 27 shows the result of the experiment. In the treatment water experiment (2), clownfish, percrow anemone fish, and red sea bream disease fish were reared using the same equipment as the treatment water experiment (1). In any experiment, the domesticated fish did not die.

  As a result, in the clown fish of diseased fish, as shown in FIG. 27 (a), even when the addition amount of zinc ion was added up to 0.002 [g / l], the phenomenon / death of amylwoodium could not be confirmed.

  From this result and the treatment water experiment (1), the effect of adding zinc ions to standard seawater is not demonstrated even at least with a zinc ion addition amount of 0.002 [g / l], but for ornamental fish with calcium ions added. In breeding water, it was found that 0.0005 [g / l] was also effective. For the clown fish of diseased fish, the breeding water for ornamental fish to which calcium ions were added was more effective in reducing and killing amyludinium by zinc ions. It turned out that it can be demonstrated with a small amount.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 27 (b), in the percrown anemone fish of diseased fish, even if zinc ions are added to the standard seawater to 0.001 [g / l], the reduction and death of amyludinium can be confirmed. There wasn't. However, when the amount of zinc ion added was increased to 0.002 [g / l], it was confirmed that amyloodinium was reduced and killed. And when the same experiment was tried for red sea bream, as shown in FIG. 27 (c), although the decrease / death of amylwoodium could not be confirmed when the added amount of zinc ions was 0.001 [g / l], When the amount of zinc ion added was increased to 0.002 [g / l], the decrease and death of amyludinium could be confirmed.

  Thus, it has been found that adding zinc ions to standard seawater to reduce or kill amyludinium is less effective than adding it to the aquarium fish breeding water and must be added in large quantities. It was.

  Next, in order to investigate the effect of zinc ions on healthy fish, the inventor raised breeding water for ornamental fish (sodium ion 2.777 [g / l], potassium ion 0.0951 [g / l] added with calcium ion 0.401 [g / l]. l]) with the addition of 0.0001 [g / l] zinc ions, breeding clown fish as a healthy ornamental saltwater fish, gradually increasing the amount of zinc ions present, and a healthy ornamental saltwater fish The effect of zinc on the water was investigated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 28, when the zinc ion addition amount was 0.0001 [g / l], breeding was good, but when the zinc ion addition amount was 0.00025 [g / l], the breeding fish died. Was confirmed. In order to confirm that 0.00025 [g / l] is the limit value of zinc for healthy ornamental seawater fish, the amount of zinc ions added to the breeding water for ornamental fish is 0.0005 [g / l], 0.001 [ G / l] and 0.002 [g / l] water tanks were prepared and kept with healthy clownfish in each, but in both cases they died.

  From this result, the inventor has found that the addition of zinc ions to the ornamental saltwater fish for breeding healthy ornamental saltwater fish cannot be normally raised at 0.00025 [g / l] or more.

  Next, in order to investigate the effect of zinc on healthy ornamental freshwater fish, as described above, breeding water for ornamental fish (sodium ion 2.777 [g / l], potassium ion added with 0.401 [g / l] calcium ion) Breeding water prepared by adding 0.0001 [g / l] of zinc ions to 0.0951 [g / l]) was prepared, and goldfish was reared as a healthy ornamental freshwater fish. And the zinc ion abundance was gradually increased, and the influence of zinc on healthy ornamental freshwater fish was investigated.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 29, it was confirmed that normal breeding was possible with a zinc ion addition amount of 0.0001 [g / l], so the zinc ion addition amount was increased to 0.00025 [g / l]. I was able to rear it.

  In response to this, the zinc ion addition amount was increased to 0.0005 [g / l], 0.001 [g / l], and 0.002 [g / l], but the reared fish could be reared normally.

  From these results, although the zinc ion added to the breeding water has no effect on the ornamental freshwater fish up to at least 0.005 [g / l], in the ornamental saltwater fish, the breeding fish is not less than 0.00025 [g / l]. It was confirmed that he died. Therefore, at least healthy ornamental saltwater fish cannot be bred with treatment water that can treat the ornamental saltwater fish shown in FIG. 26, so that a zinc ion addition amount of 0.0005 [g / l] is added. Ornamental fish breeding water (sodium ion 2.777 [g / l], potassium ion 0.0951 [g / l], calcium ion 0.401 [g / l]) was aimed at reducing or killing amyludinium in ornamental seawater fish It was found that it can be used for treatment. In general, it is known that zinc functions as a preservative and has a bactericidal action. From this, although the experiment about the ornamental freshwater fish of a diseased fish was not conducted, if the bactericidal action of zinc is considered, it can be easily understood that it has a therapeutic effect like the ornamental saltwater fish.

  From each of the above experiments, the inventor found that the minimum and maximum concentrations of calcium ions were combined with the minimum and maximum concentrations of sodium ions and potassium ions in the aquarium fish breeding water obtained from the results obtained previously. As shown in FIG. 30, when a breeding experiment was carried out on the aquarium fish, which is a healthy aquatic marine fish, in the breeding water with 0.0005 [g / l] of zinc ions added to the breeding water for each ornamental fish. Addition of zinc ions to ornamental fish breeding water with minimum potassium ion concentration of 0.0951 [g / l], minimum sodium ion concentration of 2.777 [g / l] and calcium ion of 0.250 [g / l] 0.0005 [g / l] Even with the breeding water added, the decrease and death of amyludinium was confirmed, and the recovery of diseased fish was confirmed.

  In addition, the components of breeding water for ornamental fish are respectively potassium ion 0.380 [g / l] (100%), sodium ion 2.777 [g / l] (26.061%), calcium ion 0.25 [g / l], zinc ion 0.0005 As for [g / l], the decrease and death of amyludinium and the recovery of diseased fish were also observed.

  Similarly, the components of breeding water for ornamental fish are potassium ion 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026%), sodium ion 10.656 [g / l] (100%), calcium ion 0.25 [g / l], zinc ion, respectively. Even at 0.0005 [g / l], the reduction and death of amyludinium and the recovery of diseased fish were observed.

  Similarly, the components of breeding water for ornamental fish are potassium ion 0.380 [g / l] (100%), sodium ion 2.777 [g / l] (26.061%), calcium ion 0.401 [g / l], zinc ion, respectively. Even at 0.0005 [g / l], the reduction and death of amyludinium and the recovery of diseased fish were observed.

  Similarly, the components of breeding water for ornamental fish are potassium ion 0.0951 [g / l] (25.026%), sodium ion 10.656 [g / l] (100%), calcium ion 0.401 [g / l], zinc ion, respectively. Even at 0.0005 [g / l], the reduction and death of amyludinium and the recovery of diseased fish were observed.

  Similarly, the components of breeding water for ornamental fish are potassium ion 0.380 [g / l] (100%), sodium ion 10.656 [g / l] (100%), calcium ion 0.25 [g / l], zinc ion, respectively. Even at 0.0005 [g / l], the reduction and death of amyludinium and the recovery of diseased fish were observed.

  Similarly, the components of breeding water for ornamental fish are potassium ion 0.380 [g / l] (100%), sodium ion 10.656 [g / l] (100%), calcium ion 0.401 [g / l], zinc ion, respectively. Even at 0.0005 [g / l], the reduction and death of amyludinium and the recovery of diseased fish were observed.

  From the above results, it was found that breeding water for ornamental fish having a zinc ion addition amount of 0.0005 [g / l] has a therapeutic effect on diseased fish caused by amyloodinium, a protozoan.

  In addition, the numerical value which shows standard seawater is shown in FIG.

  In each of the above experiments, sodium chloride was used, but other sodium salts may be used as long as they are not toxic to fish. Sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, metasilicic acid Sodium, sodium borate, sodium metaphosphate, organic acid sodium, or the like may be used. Furthermore, metallic sodium may be added directly to the aquarium fish breeding water and the ornamental fish treatment water.

  Similarly, for calcium chloride, other calcium salts may be used as long as they are not toxic to fish, such as calcium bicarbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium oxide, tricalcium phosphate, calcium citrate, Calcium lactate, calcium carbonate, organic acid calcium and the like may be used. Furthermore, metal calcium may be added directly to the aquarium fish breeding water and the ornamental fish treatment water.

  Similarly, for potassium chloride, other potassium salts may be used as long as they are not toxic to fish. Potassium iodide, potassium sulfate, potassium bromide, potassium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, tripotassium phosphate, potassium carbonate, organic Potassium or the like may be used. Furthermore, metal potassium may be added directly to the breeding water for ornamental fish and the treatment water for ornamental fish.

  Moreover, as zinc contained in the treatment water for ornamental fish of this embodiment, zinc ions were included in the treatment water for ornamental fish by adding zinc sulfate, but zinc hydroxide, zinc carbonate, basic carbonate Zinc ions may be included by adding other zinc compounds such as zinc, basic zinc sulfate, basic zinc chloride, and further, zinc ions may be included by directly adding metallic zinc. Good.

  In each breeding experiment, the breeding water temperature was set to 25 degrees.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glass water tank 2 Water purification filter 21 Filter medium 22 Water absorption pipe 23 Water discharge pipe 24 Pumping pump 3 Air supply pump 4 Air supply pipe 5 Air hose

Claims (2)

In the breeding water to be used for breeding ornamental marine fish and ornamental freshwater, sodium ions, calcium ions, potassium ions, it contains a four zinc ions, the concentration of potassium ions 0.0951 [g / l] 0.380 [g / l] or less, sodium ion concentration of 2.777 [g / l] or more and 10.656 [g / l] or less, calcium ion concentration of 0.250 [g / l] or more and 0 Treatment water for appreciation fish with 401 [g / l] or less and zinc ion concentration of 0.0001 [g / l] or more and 0.0005 [g / l] or less. A granular material, a solid material, and a liquid material for producing breeding water that can be bred in fresh water and capable of breeding marine fish for viewing and freshwater fish for viewing,
In the produced breeding water, potassium ions have a concentration of 0.0951 [g / l] to 0.380 [g / l], and sodium ions have a concentration of 2.777 [g / l] to 10.656 [g / l]. The concentration of calcium ions is 0.250 [g / l] to 0.401 [g / l] and the concentration of zinc ions is 0.0001 [g / l] to 0.0005 [g / l]. A treatment water-generating substance for appreciation fish that is formulated with 4 types of sodium, calcium, potassium and zinc salts so that they are present at different concentrations.

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