JP5551796B2 - アミノシラン開始剤及びそれから調製した官能化ポリマー - Google Patents
アミノシラン開始剤及びそれから調製した官能化ポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP5551796B2 JP5551796B2 JP2012547287A JP2012547287A JP5551796B2 JP 5551796 B2 JP5551796 B2 JP 5551796B2 JP 2012547287 A JP2012547287 A JP 2012547287A JP 2012547287 A JP2012547287 A JP 2012547287A JP 5551796 B2 JP5551796 B2 JP 5551796B2
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- aminosilane
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Description
(式中、nは0〜2からなる群より選択した整数であり、mは1〜3からなる群より選択した整数であり、ただしmとnとの合計は3に等しく;Tはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基又はアリル性基であり;R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立してヒドロカルビル基であり;R6はそれぞれ独立してヒドロカルビレン基であり;mが1より大きい場合、1個以上のR5は2個の窒素原子の間を架橋してもよい)。
を指す。アリル性基は、1個以上の水素、アルキル又はアリール置換基(B)を含有することができる。一般に、Tはメタル化試薬がプロトンを取り出すことができ、生成した金属−アルキル結合が重合を開始するような様式で選択される。Tの非限定的な例は、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基及びアリル基である。
分子量測定:2414型屈折計と996型フォトダイオードアレイ検出器(UV)とを備えたウォーターズ社の150−C型計器を用いるゲル浸透/サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(SEC)によって分子量を測定した。分子量はポリスチレン標準物質に基づく普遍較正曲線から算出し、SBRについてのマーク・ホーウィンク定数:k=0.000269、α=0.73を使用して補正した。
[実施例1]
ビス(ジメチルアミノ)フェニルメチルシランをsec−ブチルリチウム(s−BuLi)で下記の方法により処理してリチオ化を行い、構造Aを有する化合物を得た。
実施例1の新鮮なメタル化試薬を用いて、1,3−ブタジエンを密封ボトル中で重合させた。Mn=25kg/molのポリマーを目標とした。800mLのボトル(実施例1におけるように乾燥、パージ、装着した)に1,3−ブタジエン31.4gを無水ヘキサン261gに含む溶液を投入し、続いて実施例1の試薬2.0mL(約1.3mmol)をボトル内に注入した。このボトルを50℃で75分間攪拌し、続いて一晩室温まで冷却した。生成したセメントを2mLの2−イソプロパノール(i−PrOH)でクエンチし、ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール(DBPC)で安定化した。固形分から90%の転化率を推定した。セメントをエタノール中で凝固させ、その凝固物をヘキサンに再溶解し、続いて同じ方法で更に2回再凝固させた。凝固したポリマーを窒素流下室温で4時間、続いて真空下約70℃で一晩乾燥させた。ポリブタジエン(PBD)生成物は、SECにより測定して26.9kg/molのMnを有した。この生成物のNMR(13C)分析は、シリル基のほぼ定量的な組み込みを示した(Si−CH2領域(11.6〜12.04ppm)の炭素と末端CH3(トランス、18.1ppm;シス、13.0ppm)の炭素との比率がほぼ1:1であった)。
別の新鮮なメタル化試薬を実施例1のように調製、使用して、1,3−ブタジエン及びスチレンと1,3−ブタジエンとの混合物を密封したボトル中で重合した。重合時間を120分とした以外は、実施例2の重合手順及びワークアップに従った。これらの重合は、125kg/molのPBD(実施例3:実測したMnは139.2kg/mol)、25kg/mol及び125kg/molのスチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー(SBR)(実施例4及び5について実測したMnは、それぞれ35.6kg/mol及び211.1kg/mol)を目標とした。実施例3、4及び5の重合は、それぞれ80%、97%及び96%の転化率で進んだ。
およそ0.65M濃度のビス(ジメチルアミノ)フェニルメチルシランの新鮮なリチオ化試薬のヘキサン溶液を実施例1におけるように調製した。これを次の手順に従って使用して、Mn=120kg/molを目標とするスチレンと1,3−ブタジエンとの共重合をバッチ反応器内で無水窒素雰囲気下開始した。7.6Lのオートクレーブ型の攪拌反応器に無水ヘキサン3755gと、無水1,3−ブタジエン551.1gと、無水スチレン129.3gと、1.60Mオリゴマー状オキソラニルプロパンのヘキサン溶液1.2mLとを投入した。この混合物を49℃の一定温度で保持し、8.72mL(5.67mmol)のリチオ化ビス(ジメチルアミノ)フェニルメチルシラン溶液を加えた。55.2℃のピーク温度に達した後、重合をさらに60分間続け、セメントの固形分から推定して92%の転化率を達成した。セメント生成物の試料を乾燥、パージ、密封した800mLのボトル内に針を介して集めた。各試料を窒素スパージした2−プロパノール2mLでクエンチし、DBPCで安定化し、その後追加のDBPCを含有する2−プロパノール中で凝固させた。凝固物をまとめ、2本ロールミル上で110℃でドラム乾燥させて、No.6の試料を得た。その特性を下記の表1にまとめる。
次の手順に従って、無水窒素雰囲気の攪拌バッチ反応器内で計量半バッチ条件下Mn=140kg/molを目標としたスチレンと1,3−ブタジエンとの共重合を行った。7.6Lのオートクレーブ型攪拌反応器に無水ヘキサン1710gと1.60Mオリゴマー状オキソラニルプロパンのヘキサン溶液0.27mLとを投入した。この混合物を85℃まで加熱し、保持した。次いで、無水ヘキサン2063.4gに無水スチレン217.7gと無水1,3−ブタジエン462.7gとを含む混合物を反応器に計量器の使用によりおよそ36g/分で加えた。計量の約10分後、0.65Mのリチオ化ビス(ジメチルアミノ)フェニルメチルシラン溶液(実施例1に従って新たに調製した)7.48mL(4.86mmol)を加えた。開始剤の投入後、モノマーの計量添加を62分間続けた。次に、セメント生成物の試料を10個の乾燥、パージ、密封した800mLのボトル内に針を介して集めた。87.4%の重合転化率をセメントの固形分から推定した。5個のボトル中のセメントを、実施例6におけるようにクエンチし、安定化、凝固、乾燥させて、試料7を得た。その特性を下記の表1にまとめる。
実施例7の残りの5個のボトル中の各セメントを、LiあたりSn−Cl0.6当量の0.2M SnCl4で処理し、続いて50℃で35分間攪拌した。攪拌後、セメントを上記実施例におけるようにクエンチし、安定化、凝固、乾燥させて、試料8を得た。その特性を下記の表1にまとめる。
実施例6の手順を繰り返した。重合は93.4%の転化率で進んだ。生成物を実施例6におけるようにワークアップして試料9を得た。その特性を下記の表1に含める。
n−ブチルリチウムを唯一の開始剤とした以外、実施例6の手順に従った。重合は96.6%の転化率で進んだ。生成物を実施例6におけるようにワークアップして試料Aを得た。その特性を下記の表1に含める。比較例の対照バッチポリマーとして試料Aを使用した。
比較例Aの手順に従って、試料A’と表わす非常に類似する特性を有するポリマーを得た。その特性を下記の表1に含める。比較例の対照バッチポリマーとして試料A’も使用した。
n−ブチルリチウムを唯一の開始剤とした以外、実施例7の計量半バッチ重合手順に従った。転化の程度は測定しなかった。生成物を実施例6におけるようにワークアップして試料Bを得た。その特徴を下記の表1に含める。比較例の対照半バッチポリマーとして試料Bを使用した。
次の手順に従って、無水窒素雰囲気の攪拌バッチ反応器内で計量半バッチ条件下、Mn=140kg/molを目標としたスチレンと1,3−ブタジエンとの共重合を実施した。7.6Lのオートクレーブ型の攪拌反応器に無水ヘキサン170gと、1.60Mオリゴマー状オキソラニルプロパンのヘキサン溶液0.27mLとを投入した。この混合物を93.3℃まで加熱し、保持した。次いで、無水スチレン217.7gと無水1,3−ブタジエン462.7gとを無水ヘキサン2063.4gに含む混合物を反応器に計量器の使用によりおよそ36g/分で加えた。計量の約10分後、25mLの無水ヘキサンで希釈した1.6Mのn−BuLi2.86mL(4.86mmol)を反応器に投入した。開始剤の投入後、モノマーの計量添加を62分間続け、次いで生成物セメントの試料を乾燥、パージした800mLの密封ボトル内に針を介して集めた。試料Aと同様に、ボトル中の各セメントをクエンチし、安定化、凝固、乾燥させて試料Cを得た。その特性を下記の表4にまとめる。
[実施例19A(リチオ化開始剤ワークアップ)]
トリス(ジメチルアミノ)メチルシラン(上記構造体B)をsec−ブチルリチウム(s−BuLi)で処理してリチオ化を行った。次の成分をクラウンシールとニトリルキャップライナーとを装着した300mLの乾燥し、窒素パージしたボトルに投入した:トリス(ジメチルアミノ)メチルシラン9.7mmol(2.0mL、1.92g);トリエチルアミン4.0mL;sec−ブチルリチウム10.1mmol(1.3Mのシクロヘキサン溶液7.8mL)。生成した溶液を50℃で2時間攪拌し、およそ0.73Mのリチオ化試薬であると推定した。
試料Aについての手順を利用して、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーを生成させた。しかしながら、今回は、リチオ化トリス(ジメチルアミノ)メチルシラン(構造体B)を開始剤として使用し、リチオ化試薬を実施例19Aのように調製し、その後それを直ちに反応器に投入した。温度は56.7℃でピークに達し、その後更に60分間重合が進行して、88%の転化率に達した。セメントを800mLのボトル内に集め、それぞれを窒素スパージしたエタノール2mLでクエンチし、DBPCで安定化した後、追加のDBPCを含有する2−プロパノール中で凝固させた。凝固物をまとめ、2本ロールミル上で110℃にてドラム乾燥させて試料19を得た。その特性を下記の表5に含める。
試料Aについての手順を利用して、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーを生成させた。しかしながら、今回は、純トリス(ジメチルアミノ)アリルシラン(上記構造体C)1.21mLを1.6Mのn−BuLi3.34mLと混合し、無水ヘキサンで50mLに希釈し、生成した混合物を直ちに反応器へ投入した。温度は58.9℃でピークに達し、その後更に60分間重合が進行し、90%より高い転化率に達した。セメントを800mLのボトルに集め、それぞれを窒素スパージしたエタノール2mLでクエンチし、DBPCで安定化した後、追加のDBPCを含有する2−プロパノール中で凝固させた。凝固物をまとめ、2本ロールミル上で110℃にてドラム乾燥させて試料20を得た。その特性を下記の表5に含める。
試料Cについての手順を利用して、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーを生成させた。しかしながら、本例で使用した開始剤は、9.7Mトリス(ジメチルアミノ)メチルシラン(上記構造体B)2.0mLと、純トリエチルアミン4mLと、1.3Msec−ブチルリチウムのシクロヘキサン溶液7.8mLとの混合物からなり、50℃で2.5時間攪拌(リチオ化試薬で約0.73M)した後、反応器に投入した。重合温度を約85℃〜約95℃の間に維持し、約120分後に計量を止めた。上記のように、生成物のセメントを800mLのボトル内に集め、それぞれを試料Cについて行ったようにクエンチし安定化、凝固、乾燥させて試料21を得た。特性を下記の表5にまとめる。
試料Cについての手順を利用して、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマーを生成させた。しかしながら、本例で使用した開始剤は、4.44Mトリス(ジメチルアミノ)アリルシラン(上記構造体C)のヘキサン溶液0.96mLと、1.6Mのn−BuLi2.65mLとの混合物からなり、無水ヘキサンで25mLに希釈した。この開始剤を、混合後直ちに反応器に投入した。重合温度を約85℃〜約95℃の間に維持し、約120分後に計量を止めた。上記のように、生成物のセメントを800mLのボトル内に集め、それぞれを試料Cについて行ったようにクエンチ、安定化、凝固、乾燥させて試料22を得た。特性を下記の表5にまとめる。
Claims (9)
- (a)(1)少なくとも1種の有機金属であるメタル化剤と、
(2)次式:
(式中のnは0〜2からなる群より選択した整数であり、mは1〜3からなる群より選択した整数であり、ただしmとnとの合計は3に等しく;Tはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基又はアリル性基であり;R 4 及びR 5 は、それぞれ独立してヒドロカルビル基であり;R 6 は、それぞれ独立してヒドロカルビレンであり;mが1より大きい場合、1個以上のR 5 が2個の窒素原子の間を架橋してもよい)を有する少なくとも1種のアルキルアミノシラン化合物との反応生成物からなるメタル化アミノシラン化合物を調製することにより予備形成した開始剤を提供する工程と、
(b)前記メタル化アミノシラン化合物を使用して重合を開始することにより少なくとも1種のアニオン重合可能なモノマーを重合する工程
とを備える、アミノシラン官能化ポリマーを製造する方法。 - 前記少なくとも1種の有機金属であるメタル化剤が、ヒドロカルビルリチウム化合物、ヒドロカルビルナトリウム化合物、ヒドロカルビルカリウム化合物及びヒドロカルビルマグネシウム化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のアルキルアミノシラン化合物が、ビス(ジアルキルアミノ)フェニルメチルシラン、ビス(ヘキサメチレンイミノ)フェニルメチルシラン、トリス(ジアルキルアミノ)アリルシラン及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種のアニオン重合可能なモノマーが、共役ジエンモノマー及びモノビニル芳香族モノマーからなる群より選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記金属対前記アミノシラン化合物の比が0.8〜1.2である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1種の有機金属であるメタル化剤が、ヒドロカルビルリチウム化合物である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 共役ジエンモノマー及びモノビニル芳香族モノマーのうちから選択される少なくとも1種のアニオン重合可能なモノマーと、開始剤に由来する残基とを含むポリマーであって、
該開始剤が
(1)少なくとも1種の有機金属であるメタル化剤と、
(2)次式:
(式中のnは0〜2からなる群より選択した整数であり、mは1〜3からなる群より選択した整数であり、ただし、mとnとの合計は3に等しく;Tはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基又はアリル性基であり;R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立してヒドロカルビル基であり;R6は、それぞれ独立してヒドロカルビレンであり;mが1より大きい場合、1個以上のR5が2個の窒素原子の間を架橋してもよい)を有する少なくとも1種のアルキルアミノシラン化合物
との反応生成物を含む、ポリマー。 - 前記少なくとも1種の有機金属であるメタル化剤が、ヒドロカルビルリチウム化合物、ヒドロカルビルナトリウム化合物、ヒドロカルビルカリウム化合物及びヒドロカルビルマグネシウム化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む請求項7に記載のポリマー。
- 前記少なくとも1種のアルキルアミノシラン化合物が、ビス(ジアルキルアミノ)フェニルメチルシラン、ビス(ヘキサメチレンイミノ)フェニルメチルシラン、トリス(ジアルキルアミノ)アリルシラン及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される請求項7に記載のポリマー。
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US9884923B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2018-02-06 | Bridgestone Corporation | Aminosilane initiators and functionalized polymers prepared therefrom |
US10745497B2 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2020-08-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | Aminosilane initiators and functionalized polymers prepared therefrom |
JP2014507405A (ja) * | 2010-12-30 | 2014-03-27 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | アミノシラン開始剤及びそれを用いた官能化ポリマー |
US9255158B2 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2016-02-09 | Bridgestone Corporation | Aminosilane initiators, functionalized polymers prepared therefrom and related processes |
US9676874B2 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | Bridgestone Corporation | Processes for preparing aminosilane functionalized polymers |
US10351636B2 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2019-07-16 | Bridgestone Corporation | Processes for preparing aminosilane functionalized polymers |
US11104748B2 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2021-08-31 | Bridgestone Corporation | Processes for preparing aminosilane functionalized polymers |
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US10745497B2 (en) | 2020-08-18 |
US20180155460A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
JP2016074910A (ja) | 2016-05-12 |
KR101909756B1 (ko) | 2018-10-18 |
JP2014205840A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
JP6038266B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
CN102781969B (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
WO2011082277A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
KR20120101726A (ko) | 2012-09-14 |
BR112012016377A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
JP2013516421A (ja) | 2013-05-13 |
JP5841193B2 (ja) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2519548A1 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
EP2519548B1 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
BR112012016377B1 (pt) | 2020-09-29 |
US9884923B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
US20130066008A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
CN102781969A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
ES2797387T3 (es) | 2020-12-02 |
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