JP5513877B2 - 離散ウェーブレット変換を用いた並列アーク検出 - Google Patents
離散ウェーブレット変換を用いた並列アーク検出 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
- H02H1/0015—Using arc detectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0092—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the data processing means, e.g. expert systems, neural networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Description
図2の例示的実施形態に戻ると、マイクロコントローラ306はプログラム314を実行し、プログラム314は、デジタル信号出力305及び離散ウェーブレット変換(DWT)を用いて(例えば、図5に示すような)離散ウェーブレット係数を計算する。メモリ308は、ウェーブレットフィルタ、所定閾値、及び検出条件を含む各種データ及びプログラム307をマイクロコントローラ306に供給する。マイクロコントローラ306は、離散ウェーブレット係数を用いて、入力信号301が並列アーク故障信号を含んでいるかどうかを判定する。
本発明の本実施形態の例では、離散ウェーブレット係数の計算は、離散時間信号x[n]から始まる。離散時間信号x[n]は、図2に示した本発明の例示的実施形態においてマイクロコントローラ306に入力されるデジタル信号305として既知である。まず、信号x[n]を分解するために、離散ウェーブレット係数の計算を行う。
係数の計算では、第1に、この信号を、インパルス応答h[n]を有するハーフバンドローパスデジタルフィルタに通すことが必要である。これは、数学的には、式(1)で表される。
マザーウェーブレットについての説明の前に、マザーウェーブレットは、Daubechiesウェーブレットと呼ばれるウェーブレット集合の一部であることを念頭に置かれたい。Debauchiesウェーブレットは、離散ウェーブレット変換(DWT)を定義する直交ウェーブレットの一ファミリであって、離散ウェーブレット変換(DWT)の対象である所与の信号に対するバニッシングモーメントの数が最大となることで特徴づけられる。マザーウェーブレットは、当業者であれば、1)信号の形状(例えば、正弦波)、2)注目周波数レンジ、3)あらかじめキャプチャされた波形から得られた経験的データなどの因子を考慮して選択することが可能であろう。また、当業者であれば、マザーウェーブレットの信号測定値を得るために、マザーウェーブレットのバニッシングポイント(又はバニッシングモーメント)について検討することも可能であろう。
DWT計算の詳細
ここでは、図7を参照して、離散ウェーブレットアルゴリズムを、操作410〜417として説明する。図示したように、サンプリングされた信号を、まず、OuterIndex(畳み込みされた信号のインデックスを意味する)、SumCD(詳細係数の合計の絶対値)、及びInnerIndex(使用するフィルタのインデックス)が付いた信号として定義し、OuterIndex、SumCD、InnerIndexのそれぞれをゼロに設定する(操作410)。
Claims (7)
- 電気回路内の電流を遮断する装置であって、
前記電気回路内に配置されて電気的負荷を感知する電流感知素子(10)であって、自身を流れる負荷電流を表す出力信号を生成するように構成された前記電流感知素子(10)と、
前記電流感知素子(10)と信号連通していて、前記電流感知素子(10)によって生成された前記出力信号を受信するように構成された検出ユニット(302)であって、前記出力信号に基づいて正の半周期と負の半周期とを有する二次信号を出力するように構成及び配置された前記検出ユニット(302)と、
前記検出ユニット(302)と結合されてコンピュータ実行可能命令に応答するマイクロコントローラ(306)であって、前記コンピュータ実行可能命令により、
前記二次信号を受信することと、
前記二次信号を前記正の半周期について離散ウェーブレット変換を用いて分解して、前記正の半周期についての離散ウェーブレット係数を得ることと、
前記二次信号を前記負の半周期について離散ウェーブレット変換を用いて分解して、前記負の半周期についての離散ウェーブレット係数を得ることと、
前記正の半周期および前記負の半周期についての前記離散ウェーブレット係数の合計を計算することと、
前記正の半周期と前記負の半周期についての前記離散ウェーブレット係数の前記合計を所定閾値と比較することと、
前記感知された負荷電流が所定閾値を上回っていて、前記正の半周期および前記負の半周期のうちの少なくとも1つについての前記離散ウェーブレット係数の前記合計が協調的にトリップ信号生成のための所定閾値条件を満たしていることを示す場合にトリップ信号を生成する、
前記マイクロコントローラ(306)と、
を備える装置。 - 前記マイクロコントローラ(306)に測定信号を出力するように構成された電流測定ユニット(50)を更に備え、
前記測定信号は、前記出力信号のタイミングと関連付けられていて、前記閾値条件が満たされているかどうかを判定する際に前記マイクロコントローラ(306)によって用いられる、
請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記マイクロコントローラ(306)と信号連通するように配置された検出回路(88)を更に備え、
前記検出回路(88)は更に、
前記出力信号のゼロ交差事実を検出することと、
その後に前記二次信号を分解することを前記マイクロコントローラ(306)に命令することと、
を行うように構成及び配置されている、
請求項1または2に記載の装置。 - 前記マイクロコントローラ(306)は積算計を更に備え、
前記離散ウェーブレット係数の前記合計の、所定の係数閾値を超える分が積算され、
前記マイクロコントローラ(306)は、前記感知された負荷電流が所定閾値を上回り、前記積算計の値が所定閾値条件を上回る場合に、前記電気回路の動作を遮断することに用いられるトリップ信号を発行する、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の装置。 - 回路に対してアーク故障電流遮断(AFCI)を実施する、コンピュータに実装された方法であって、
前記回路と電気的に連通している電流感知素子において負荷電流を感知するステップと、
前記電流感知素子と信号連通している検出ユニットにおいて、正の半周期と負の半周期とを有し、前記感知された負荷電流の電流を反映する二次信号を生成するステップと、
前記検出ユニットと結合されたマイクロコントローラにおいて、前記二次信号の前記正の半周期を所定周波数でサンプリングするステップと、
前記検出ユニットと結合されたマイクロコントローラにおいて、前記二次信号の前記負の半周期を所定周波数でサンプリングするステップと、
前記二次信号の大きさを求めるステップと、
前記二次信号の前記正の半周期成分から離散ウェーブレット係数を計算するステップと、
前記二次信号の前記負の半周期成分から離散ウェーブレット係数を計算するステップと、
算出された前記正の半周期と前記負の半周期の前記離散ウェーブレット係数の合計を計算するステップと、
算出された前記正の半周期と前記負の半周期の前記離散ウェーブレット係数の合計を所定閾値と比較するステップと、
前記正の半周期と前記負の半周期の前記離散ウェーブレット係数の前記合計のうちの少なくとも1つと前記二次信号の前記大きさとに基づいて、閾値条件が満たされているかどうかを判定するステップと、
前記閾値条件が満たされていると判定した場合には、前記回路の動作を遮断するトリップ信号を発行するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記二次信号が正又は負のゼロ交差を記録した場合に、前記二次信号のサンプリングをトリガするステップを更に含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記離散ウェーブレット係数の前記合計の、所定の係数閾値を超える分を積算して、積算計の値を決定するステップと、
前記積算計の値を所定の割合で減少させるステップと、
を更に含み、
閾値条件が満たされているかどうかを前記判定するステップは、前記積算計の値を積算計の値の所定閾値と比較するステップを更に含む、
請求項5または6に記載の方法。
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US12/344,772 US8170816B2 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Parallel arc detection using discrete wavelet transforms |
US12/344,772 | 2008-12-29 |
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-
2008
- 2008-12-29 US US12/344,772 patent/US8170816B2/en active Active
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2009
- 2009-12-16 EP EP09179367.9A patent/EP2202859B1/en active Active
- 2009-12-17 CA CA2688785A patent/CA2688785A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-25 JP JP2009293582A patent/JP5513877B2/ja active Active
- 2009-12-29 KR KR1020090133348A patent/KR20100080453A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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KR20100080453A (ko) | 2010-07-08 |
CA2688785A1 (en) | 2010-06-29 |
CN101771261B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
EP2202859A2 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
CN101771261A (zh) | 2010-07-07 |
US8170816B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 |
EP2202859B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
JP2010161919A (ja) | 2010-07-22 |
US20100165521A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
EP2202859A3 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
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