JP5468904B2 - 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用による酸化剤からのアルケンの製造方法 - Google Patents
担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用による酸化剤からのアルケンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5468904B2 JP5468904B2 JP2009537689A JP2009537689A JP5468904B2 JP 5468904 B2 JP5468904 B2 JP 5468904B2 JP 2009537689 A JP2009537689 A JP 2009537689A JP 2009537689 A JP2009537689 A JP 2009537689A JP 5468904 B2 JP5468904 B2 JP 5468904B2
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- catalyst
- dehydration
- heteropolyacid
- reactor
- supported heteropolyacid
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- 239000011964 heteropoly acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 75
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 49
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 62
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NVJUHMXYKCUMQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOCC NVJUHMXYKCUMQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIEJJGMNDWIGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-propan-2-yloxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC(C)C JIEJJGMNDWIGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJMYXHKGEGNLED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound OCCNC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O QJMYXHKGEGNLED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QQQCWVDPMPFUGF-ZDUSSCGKSA-N alpinetin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC=3C=C(O)C=C(C=3C(=O)C2)OC)=CC=CC=C1 QQQCWVDPMPFUGF-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012025 fluorinating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese nickel Chemical compound [Mn].[Ni] ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-O methyloxidanium Chemical compound [OH2+]C OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGUKXCVHOUQPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid tungsten Chemical compound [W].OP(O)(O)=O DGUKXCVHOUQPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
−選択される担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩であって、該選択される担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩は、酸化剤(oxygenate)からアルケンへの脱水反応等の工程で用いられる場合に、品質を向上させる特性を有し、
−該選択される担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩の調製、
−アルケンを製造するための酸化剤原料(oxygenate feedstock)の脱水反応における選択性、生産性、及びアルカン生成の低減の点で改良された工程、及び、
−アルケンの選択性及び生産性を改善するための、並びにアルカンの生成を低減するための酸化剤からアルケンへの脱水工程における担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒及び/又はその塩の使用に関する。
そして、酸化剤原料がエーテル中間体の生成により脱水化される、第2ステップのメカニズムは、式2及び式3により説明される;
18−タングステンリン酸 − H6[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンリン酸− H3[PW12O40].xH2O、
12−モリブドリン酸 − H3[PMo12O40].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸 − H4[SiW12O40].xH2O、
12−モリブドケイ酸 − H4[SiMo12O40].xH2O、
ハイドロゲンタングステンケイ酸セシウム(cesium hydrogen tungstosilicate) − Cs3H[SiW12O40].xH2O、及び、
次のヘテロポリ酸の遊離酸又は部分塩である:
タングステンリン酸一カリウム − KH5[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸一ナトリウム − NaK3[SiW12O40].xH2O、
タングステンリン酸カリウム − K6[P2W18O62].xH2O、
モリブドリン酸ナトリウム − Na3[PMo12O40].xH2O、
モリブド二リン酸アンモニウム − (NH4)6[P2Mo18O62].xH2O、
モリブドジバナドリン酸カリウム(potassium molybdodivanado phosphate) − K5[PMoV2O40].xH2O。
選択される改質されたヘテロポリ酸の好適例は次のとおりである:
18−タングステンリン酸 − H6[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンリン酸 − H3[PW12O40].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸 − H4[SiW12O40].xH2O、
ハイドロゲンタングステンケイ酸セシウム − Cs3H[SiW12O40].xH2O、及び、
次のヘテロポリ酸の遊離酸又は部分塩である:
タングステンリン酸一カリウム − KH5[P2W18O62].xH2O、
12−タングステンケイ酸一ナトリウム − NaK3[SiW12O40].xH2O、
タングステンリン酸カリウム − K6[P2W18O62].xH2O。
(i)ジメチルエーテルの形成の阻害 − ジメチルエーテルは、ジエチルエーテルと比較して、プロピレン及びエチレンから分離するのが困難である、
(ii)MTO化学反応の阻害、
(iii)アルケンのアルキル化(例えば、プロピレンからブテン)の阻害、
(iv)メチルエチルエーテル(エチレンから分離するのが困難である)の形成の阻害、
(v)ほとんど消費されない、
(vi)非常に低い毒性、
(vii)非常に低い蒸気圧 − 流通しやすい、及び、
(viii)原料における良好なC:O比;すなわち、水の生成がほとんどない。
流路当たりの製造されるアルケンのモル数は、再利用される供給物の流れにおいて、全アルコールモル数と2倍のエーテルに分けられ、フレッシュな供給物が添加される。
ステップa. 合成ガス反応器において、炭化水素原料を酸化炭素と水素の混合物に変換するステップ、
ステップb. 200〜400℃の温度及び50〜200barの圧力下で、反応器において、微粒子触媒の存在下で、ステップaによる前述の酸化炭素と水素の混合物を、少なくとも1つの、2〜5個の炭素原子を有する一価脂肪族パラフィン系アルコール(monohydric aliphatic paraffinic alcohol)及び/又は対応するエーテルを含む原料に変換するステップ、及び、
ステップc. アルケンを製造するための、本発明で説明される工程を進行するステップであって、酸化剤原料は、少なくとも、ステップbで生産されたアルコール及び/又はエーテルの一部を含む、ステップ。
(実施例で用いる支持体材料)
CariAct(登録商標)Q6、CariAct(登録商標)Q10、CariAct(登録商標)Q15、CariAct(登録商標)Q30、及びCariAct(登録商標)Q50のシリカペレットは、Fuji Silysia社から入手した。
支持体材料は、窒素多孔度測定(nitrogen porosimetry)で分析した(表1)。
タングステンケイ酸(H4[SiW12O40].24H2O、分子量3310.6)を口径の大きいプラスチックボトルに秤量し、蒸留水に溶解した。この酸性溶液に、秤量した支持体材料を添加した。酸性溶液及び支持体材料を残留し、不定期の穏やかな回転流により、捕捉された気泡を除去する間、約1時間浸漬した。
エタノールを溶媒として用いた以外は、上述の手順に従い行った。また、少量のn−ブタノールをエタノールに添加した(表3)。
乾燥固体触媒は、窒素多孔度測定で分析した(表4)。
触媒(0.8〜0.92ml、125〜180μmの粒子サイズ)を並流反応器(parallel flow reactor)に負荷した。触媒の重量及び体積を記録した。
Claims (20)
- ヘテロポリ酸触媒がタングステンケイ酸であることと、細孔容積が下記式を満たすことを特徴とする担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の存在下における反応器でのアルコール又はエーテルからのアルケンの製造のための脱水工程:
PV>0.6−0.3[ヘテロポリ酸(HPA)負荷/乾燥触媒の表面積]
[式中、PVは、乾燥担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の細孔容積(ml/触媒(g)で測定)であり、ヘテロポリ酸(HPA)負荷は、乾燥担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒中に含まれるヘテロポリ酸の量(μモル/gで測定)であり、乾燥触媒の表面積は、乾燥担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の表面積(m2/gで測定)である]。 - 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の表面積当たりのヘテロポリ酸負荷が、0.1μモル/m2超である、請求項1記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒負荷が、150〜600gヘテロポリ酸/kg触媒である、請求項1又は2記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、0.50ml/g超の細孔容積を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、10〜500Åの平均細孔半径を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、50〜600m2/gのBET表面積を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、少なくとも1kg力の粉砕力である平均単一粒子を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体が、少なくとも380g/lのかさ密度を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の触媒支持体がシリカ支持体である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 180〜250℃の温度で行われる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 反応器が気相脱水反応器であり、且つ脱水工程が気相状態で行われる、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 脱水工程が、露点圧力よりも低い、少なくとも0.1MPaの圧力で操作され、及び/又は、脱水工程が、気相脱水反応器に導入する供給物、及び気相脱水反応器内部に存在する生産物の組成の露点温度を超える、少なくとも10℃の温度で操作される、請求項11に記載の脱水工程。
- 脱水工程が、180〜270℃の温度で操作される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 脱水工程が、0.1MPa超で4.5MPa未満の圧力で操作される、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程。
- 脱水工程時に生産される未反応のアルコール及び/又はエーテルの大部分が、気相脱水反応器に戻され再利用される、請求項11に記載の脱水工程。
- 少なくとも一部の未反応アルコール及び/又はエーテルの再利用が、気相脱水反応器に導入される前に、脱水化されるアルコール又はエーテルとプレミックスされる、請求項15記載の脱水工程。
- 炭化水素からアルケンへの変換方法であって、下記の連続的なステップを含む前記方法:
ステップa):合成ガス反応器において、炭化水素原料を酸化炭素と水素の混合物に変換するステップ、
ステップb):200〜400℃の温度及び50〜200barの圧力下で、反応器において、微粒子触媒の存在下で、ステップa)による酸化炭素と水素の混合物を、少なくとも1つの、2〜5個の炭素原子を有する一価脂肪族パラフィン系アルコール及び/又は対応するエーテルを含む原料に変換するステップ、及び、
ステップc):アルケンを製造するための、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の脱水工程を進行するステップであって、アルコール又はエーテルは、少なくとも、ステップb)で生産されたアルコール及び/又はエーテルの一部を含む、ステップ。 - アルカン形成の阻害、並びにアルケンの選択性及び生産性の改善のための、アルコール又はエーテルからのアルケンの製造のための脱水工程における、ヘテロポリ酸触媒がタングステンケイ酸であって、細孔容積が下記式を満たす担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用:
PV>0.6−0.3[ヘテロポリ酸(HPA)負荷/乾燥触媒の表面積]
[式中、PVは、乾燥担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の細孔容積(ml/触媒(g)で測定)であり、ヘテロポリ酸(HPA)負荷は、乾燥担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒中に含まれるヘテロポリ酸の量(μモル/gで測定)であり、乾燥触媒の表面積は、乾燥担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の表面積(m 2 /gで測定)である]。 - アルケンの製造のための脱水工程が、請求項2〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法である、請求項18記載の使用。
- アルカン形成の阻害、並びにアルケンの選択性及び生産性の改善のための、請求項17記載の方法のステップc)における、ヘテロポリ酸触媒がタングステンケイ酸であって、細孔容積が下記式を満たす担持ヘテロポリ酸触媒の使用:
PV>0.6−0.3[ヘテロポリ酸(HPA)負荷/乾燥触媒の表面積]。
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