JP5453196B2 - Anaerobic treatment apparatus and anaerobic treatment method - Google Patents

Anaerobic treatment apparatus and anaerobic treatment method Download PDF

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JP5453196B2
JP5453196B2 JP2010177485A JP2010177485A JP5453196B2 JP 5453196 B2 JP5453196 B2 JP 5453196B2 JP 2010177485 A JP2010177485 A JP 2010177485A JP 2010177485 A JP2010177485 A JP 2010177485A JP 5453196 B2 JP5453196 B2 JP 5453196B2
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英樹 横山
雅彦 三浦
晃彦 隅
昭 赤司
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Shinko Pantec Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description

本発明は、嫌気処理装置及び嫌気処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to an anaerobic treatment apparatus and an anaerobic treatment method.

従来より、有機物含有廃水（例えば、し尿廃水、下水、工場廃水（食品工場、化学工場、電子産業工場、パルプ工場等の工場からの廃水）等）の浄化処理においては、嫌気性微生物（例えば、酸生成菌、メタン生成菌等）を含有するグラニュール状の汚泥（以下、「グラニュール」ともいう。）を有するグラニュール槽内で有機物含有廃水を嫌気性微生物によって嫌気処理することにより、有機物含有廃水から有機物を除去することが行われている。嫌気処理においては、例えば、有機物含有廃水中の有機物（例えば、たんぱく質や多糖類等）が、加水分解による低分子化および酸生成菌による有機酸（例えば、酢酸等）の生成を経てメタン生成菌によりガス（例えば、メタンガス、炭酸ガス等）に分解されることにより、有機物含有廃水から有機物が除去される。   Conventionally, anaerobic microorganisms (e.g., wastewater from organic matter-containing wastewater (e.g., human waste, sewage, factory wastewater (wastewater from food factories, chemical factories, electronics industry factories, pulp factories, etc.)) By treating anaerobic microorganisms with anaerobic microorganisms in an anaerobic microorganism in a granule tank containing granular sludge containing acid-producing bacteria, methanogens, etc.) Organic substances are removed from the wastewater contained. In anaerobic treatment, for example, organic substances (for example, proteins and polysaccharides) in waste water containing organic substances are converted to methane-producing bacteria through hydrolysis, reduction of molecular weight and generation of organic acids (for example, acetic acid) by acid-producing bacteria. Is decomposed into gas (for example, methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, etc.), thereby removing the organic matter from the organic matter-containing wastewater.

嫌気処理装置としては、例えば、図３に示すように、グラニュールが充填されたグラニュール充填層１０２ａを有するグラニュール槽１０２と、該グラニュール充填層１０２ａ全体を撹拌する撹拌装置１０３とが設けられてなり、前記グラニュール槽１０２の下部から該グラニュール槽１０２内に有機物含有廃水１００Ａが供給され、前記グラニュール槽１０２内において嫌気性微生物により有機物含有廃水１００Ａを嫌気処理して嫌気処理水１００Ｂが得られ、前記グラニュール槽１０２の上部から該グラニュール槽１０２外へ前記嫌気処理水１００Ｂが排出されるように構成されてなり、嫌気処理により生じたガス１００Ｃである気泡が付着することによってグラニュール槽１０２の水中で浮力により上昇したグラニュールから、ガス１００Ｃが取り除かれることにより、グラニュールを沈降させるガスドーム１０４が備えられてなる嫌気処理装置１０１が知られている（例えば、特許文献１）。
この嫌気処理装置１０１は、前記撹拌装置１０３によって前記グラニュール充填層１０２ａ全体を撹拌することにより、有機物及び嫌気性微生物の接触効率が高められて嫌気処理を促進する構造となっている。 As an anaerobic treatment apparatus, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a granule tank 102 having a granule packed bed 102a filled with granules and an agitator 103 for stirring the entire granule packed bed 102a are provided. The organic substance-containing wastewater 100A is supplied into the granule tank 102 from the lower part of the granule tank 102, and the organic substance-containing wastewater 100A is anaerobically treated by anaerobic microorganisms in the granule tank 102. 100B is obtained, and the anaerobic treated water 100B is discharged from the upper part of the granule tank 102 to the outside of the granule tank 102, and bubbles which are gas 100C generated by the anaerobic treatment are attached. From the granule raised by buoyancy in the water of the granule tank 102 by the gas 1 By 0C is removed, anaerobic treatment apparatus 101 of provided with a gas dome 104 to precipitate granule is known (e.g., Patent Document 1).
The anaerobic treatment device 101 has a structure in which the contact efficiency of the organic matter and anaerobic microorganisms is enhanced by agitating the entire granule packed bed 102a by the agitation device 103, thereby promoting the anaerobic treatment.

特許第２９５２３０４号公報Japanese Patent No. 2952304

しかしながら、斯かる嫌気処理装置では、有機物含有廃水から有機物を十分に効率良く除去することができないという問題がある。   However, such an anaerobic treatment apparatus has a problem that organic substances cannot be sufficiently efficiently removed from organic substance-containing wastewater.

本発明は、上記問題点に鑑み、有機物含有廃水から有機物を十分に効率良く除去することを課題とする。   This invention makes it a subject to remove organic substance from organic substance containing wastewater fully efficiently in view of the said problem.

本発明は、酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌を含有するグラニュールが充填されたグラニュール充填層を有するグラニュール槽が設けられてなり、該グラニュール槽の下部から該グラニュール槽内に有機物含有廃水が供給され、前記グラニュール槽内において酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌により有機物含有廃水を嫌気処理して嫌気処理水が得られ、前記グラニュール槽の上部からグラニュール槽外へ前記嫌気処理水が排出されるように構成されてなる嫌気処理装置であって、
前記グラニュール槽の上下方向に沿って延びる回転軸を有し、該回転軸の周方向に前記グラニュール充填層の下部の水を撹拌する撹拌装置が備えられてなり、前記グラニュール充填層の下部には、該撹拌装置による撹拌によって水が前記周方向に撹拌される撹拌領域が形成され、該撹拌領域において前記グラニュール槽内に前記有機物含有廃水が供給され、該撹拌領域の上方には、水が上向流で流れる上向流領域が形成されるように構成されてなることを特徴とする嫌気処理装置にある。 The present invention is provided with a granule tank having a granule packed bed filled with granules containing acid-producing bacteria and methanogens, and contains an organic substance in the granule tank from the lower part of the granule tank. Wastewater is supplied, and anaerobic treatment water is obtained by anaerobically treating the organic wastewater containing acid-producing bacteria and methanogens in the granule tank, and the anaerobic treated water from the upper part of the granule tank to the outside of the granule tank. Is an anaerobic treatment device configured to be discharged,
A rotating shaft extending along the vertical direction of the granule tank; and a stirring device that stirs water below the granule packed bed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. A stirring region in which water is stirred in the circumferential direction by stirring by the stirring device is formed in the lower portion, and the organic substance-containing wastewater is supplied into the granule tank in the stirring region, and above the stirring region The anaerobic treatment apparatus is characterized in that an upward flow region in which water flows upward is formed.

斯かる嫌気処理装置によれば、前記撹拌装置による撹拌により、前記グラニュール充填層の下部（撹拌領域）では、有機物（例えば、たんぱく質や多糖類等）と酸生成菌とが接触されやすくなり、酸生成菌が優先種となり、有機酸の生成が良好に行われる条件にできる。また、前記グラニュール充填層全体を均一には撹拌しないため、上向流領域には、前記グラニュール充填層の下部で生成した有機酸が順次供給され、メタン発酵が良好に行われる条件にできる。よって、反応効率が向上する。さらに、アルカリ等のｐＨ調整薬剤の使用量も削減できる。
従って、斯かる嫌気処理装置によれば、まず前記撹拌領域では前記上向流領域に比して有機酸の生成が活発に行われ、一方前記上向流領域ではメタンの生成が活発に行われるため、有機物含有廃水から有機物を十分に効率良く除去し得る。また、有機物を十分に効率良く除去し得るため、グラニュール槽をコンパクト化し得るという利点もある。 According to such an anaerobic treatment apparatus, organic substances (for example, proteins and polysaccharides) and acid-producing bacteria are easily brought into contact with each other in the lower part (stirring region) of the granule packed bed by stirring by the stirring apparatus. Acid-producing bacteria become the preferred species, and the conditions under which organic acid generation is favorably performed can be achieved. In addition, since the entire granule packed bed is not uniformly stirred, the organic acid generated in the lower part of the granule packed bed is sequentially supplied to the upward flow region, and the conditions for good methane fermentation can be achieved. . Therefore, the reaction efficiency is improved. Furthermore, the amount of a pH adjusting agent such as alkali can be reduced.
Therefore, according to such an anaerobic treatment apparatus, first, the organic acid is actively generated in the stirring region as compared with the upward flow region, while the methane is actively generated in the upward flow region. Therefore, organic substances can be removed sufficiently efficiently from the organic substance-containing wastewater. Moreover, since organic substances can be removed sufficiently efficiently, there is an advantage that the granule tank can be made compact.

これに対して、特許文献１の如く、撹拌装置によりグラニュール充填層全体を撹拌する嫌気処理装置では、撹拌装置によりグラニュールが存在する領域全体の撹拌によって、グラニュール充填層が有機酸の生成が活発に行われる領域と、メタンの生成が活発に行われる領域とに分かれ難くなる。従って、斯かる嫌気処理装置では、有機物含有廃水から有機物を効率良く除去することができない。
また、撹拌装置が設けられていない嫌気処理装置では、グラニュール槽内のうち、有機物含有廃水が供給された部分付近に於いて、有機物の濃度が高まり酸生成菌により有機酸が生成されやすくなり、その結果、局所的にｐＨが低下して、局所的にｐＨが低下した部分のメタン生成菌の活性が低下してしまう。さらに、有機物と嫌気性微生物との接触効率が低い。従って、斯かる嫌気処理装置では、有機物含有廃水から有機物を効率良く除去することができない。 On the other hand, in the anaerobic treatment device that stirs the entire granule packed bed with the stirring device as in Patent Document 1, the granule packed bed generates organic acid by stirring the entire region where the granule exists with the stirring device. It is difficult to separate into a region where the methane is actively generated and a region where the methane production is actively performed. Therefore, such an anaerobic treatment apparatus cannot efficiently remove organic substances from organic substance-containing wastewater.
In addition, in an anaerobic treatment device that is not provided with a stirring device, the concentration of organic matter increases in the vicinity of the portion of the granule tank where the organic matter-containing wastewater is supplied, and organic acids are likely to be produced by acid-producing bacteria. As a result, the pH is locally lowered, and the activity of the methanogenic bacteria in the portion where the pH is locally lowered is lowered. Furthermore, the contact efficiency between organic matter and anaerobic microorganisms is low. Therefore, such an anaerobic treatment apparatus cannot efficiently remove organic substances from organic substance-containing wastewater.

また、本発明に係る嫌気処理装置においては、前記グラニュール槽より排出された嫌気処理水を、該嫌気処理水よりもグラニュールの含有率が低い固液分離処理水と、該嫌気処理水よりもグラニュールの含有率が高い濃縮水とに固液分離する固液分離部が備えられ、前記撹拌領域を介さずに前記上向流領域に前記濃縮水を返送するように構成されてなる。 Further, the anaerobic treatment apparatus according to the present invention, has been anaerobically treated water discharged from the prior SL granule tank, a solid-liquid separation treatment water low content of granules than該嫌gas treatment water,該嫌gas treated water A solid-liquid separation part for solid-liquid separation into concentrated water having a higher granule content than that, and configured to return the concentrated water to the upward flow region without going through the stirring region. .

前記グラニュール槽より排出された処理水中のグラニュールは、撹拌領域に比して、酸生成菌の量に対するメタン生成菌の量の比が大きいものであるため、斯かる嫌気処理装置によれば、前記上向流領域に於いて、メタン生成菌の濃度が高まり、有機酸や単糖類がメタン生成菌に接触されやすくなりメタンガスや、炭酸ガスにまで分解され、その結果、有機物含有廃水から有機物をより一層効率よく除去し得るという利点がある。   Since the granules in the treated water discharged from the granule tank have a larger ratio of the amount of methanogenic bacteria to the amount of acid producing bacteria than the stirring region, according to such an anaerobic treatment apparatus, In the upward flow region, the concentration of methanogens increases, and organic acids and monosaccharides are easily contacted with methanogens and decomposed into methane gas and carbon dioxide gas. There is an advantage that can be removed more efficiently.

また、本発明は、前記嫌気処理装置を用いて、有機物含有廃水から有機物を除去することを特徴とする嫌気処理方法にある。   Moreover, this invention exists in the anaerobic processing method characterized by removing an organic substance from an organic substance containing wastewater using the said anaerobic processing apparatus.

以上のように、本発明によれば、有機物含有廃水から有機物を十分に効率良く除去し得るという効果が奏される。   As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that organic substances can be sufficiently efficiently removed from organic substance-containing wastewater.

また、通常のグラニュール槽を用いる嫌気性処理装置では、底部のグラニュールや有機物の濃度を均一化させるべく、グラニュール槽内に原水を均等に流入させるための分配機構を設置することが多いが、本発明によれば、分配機構を簡素化した場合であっても撹拌装置により底部のグラニュールや有機物の濃度を均一化し得るという利点もある。   In addition, in an anaerobic treatment apparatus using a normal granule tank, a distribution mechanism for evenly flowing raw water into the granule tank is often installed in order to make the concentration of granules and organic substances at the bottom uniform. However, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that even if the distribution mechanism is simplified, the concentration of the granule and organic matter at the bottom can be made uniform by the stirring device.

一実施形態に係る嫌気処理装置の概略図。1 is a schematic diagram of an anaerobic treatment apparatus according to an embodiment. 一実施形態に係る嫌気処理装置における嫌気処理部の概略図。Schematic of the anaerobic processing part in the anaerobic processing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment. 従来の嫌気処理装置の概略図。Schematic of the conventional anaerobic processing apparatus.

以下、添付図面を参照しつつ、本発明の一実施形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１に示すように、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌が含有されたグラニュールが充填されたグラニュール充填層２１ａを有するグラニュール槽２１が設けられ、該グラニュール槽２１内において酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌により有機物含有廃水Ａが嫌気処理されて嫌気処理水及びバイオガスＤを得る嫌気処理部２が備えられてなる。一方で、前記グラニュール槽２１には、ガスドーム、即ち、気固液分離手段が備えられていない。
前記嫌気処理は、酸素を介さずに、前記有機物含有廃水Ａに含まれる有機物を酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌で分解する処理を意味し、嫌気処理では、前記バイオガスＤとしてメタン、炭酸ガス等を含有するガスが生成される。 As shown in FIG. 1, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a granule tank 21 having a granule packed bed 21a filled with granules containing acid-producing bacteria and methanogens, An anaerobic treatment unit 2 is provided in the granule tank 21 to obtain anaerobic treated water and biogas D by anaerobically treating the organic substance-containing wastewater A by acid producing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria. On the other hand, the granule tank 21 is not provided with a gas dome, that is, a gas-solid-liquid separation means.
The anaerobic process means a process of decomposing an organic substance contained in the organic substance-containing wastewater A with acid-producing bacteria and methane-producing bacteria without using oxygen. In the anaerobic process, as the biogas D, methane, carbon dioxide gas, etc. A gas containing is produced.

また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記グラニュール槽２１より排出された嫌気処理水を、該嫌気処理水よりもグラニュールの含有率が低い固液分離処理水Ｂ、及び該嫌気処理水よりもグラニュールの含有率が高い濃縮水Ｃに固液分離する固液分離部３が備えられてなる。   Moreover, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment uses the anaerobic treated water discharged from the granule tank 21 as a solid-liquid separation treated water B having a lower granule content than the anaerobic treated water, and the anaerobic treatment. The solid-liquid separation part 3 which solid-liquid-separates into the concentrated water C whose granule content rate is higher than water is provided.

さらに、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記グラニュール槽２１の下部から該グラニュール槽２１内に有機物含有廃水Ａが供給されるように構成されてなる。
また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記グラニュール槽２１の上部からグラニュール槽２１外へ前記嫌気処理水が排出されるように構成されてなる。具体的には、嫌気処理水中のグラニュールからガスを取り除く処理がグラニュール槽２１内で意図的には行われずに、前記グラニュール槽２１の上部からグラニュール槽２１外へ前記嫌気処理水が排出されるように構成されてなる。 Furthermore, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that the organic substance-containing wastewater A is supplied into the granule tank 21 from the lower part of the granule tank 21.
Moreover, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that the anaerobic treated water is discharged from the upper part of the granule tank 21 to the outside of the granule tank 21. Specifically, the treatment for removing the gas from the granules in the anaerobic treated water is not intentionally performed in the granule tank 21, and the anaerobic treated water is discharged from the upper part of the granule tank 21 to the outside of the granule tank 21. It is configured to be discharged.

また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記グラニュール槽２１から排出された嫌気処理水が固液分離部３に移送され、固液分離処理水Ｂが固液分離処理水貯留槽（図示せず）に移送され、濃縮水Ｃが濃縮水貯留槽（図示せず）及びグラニュール槽２１に移送され、バイオガスＤがバイオガス貯留槽（図示せず）に移送されるように構成されてなる。   Moreover, in the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the anaerobic treated water discharged from the granule tank 21 is transferred to the solid-liquid separation unit 3, and the solid-liquid separated treated water B is stored in the solid-liquid separated treated water storage tank (FIG. The concentrated water C is transferred to the concentrated water storage tank (not shown) and the granule tank 21, and the biogas D is transferred to the biogas storage tank (not shown). It becomes.

さらに、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、有機物含有廃水Ａをグラニュール槽２１に移送する廃水移送経路４ａと、嫌気処理水を固液分離部３に移送する嫌気処理水移送経路４ｂと、固液分離処理水Ｂを固液分離処理水貯留槽（図示せず）に移送する固液分離処理水移送経路４ｃと、濃縮水Ｃを濃縮水貯留槽（図示せず）に移送する濃縮水移送経路４ｄと、濃縮水Ｃを嫌気処理部２に移送（返送）する濃縮水返送経路４ｅと、バイオガスＤをバイオガス貯留槽（図示せず）に移送するバイオガス移送経路４ｆとを備えてなる。   Furthermore, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a wastewater transfer path 4a for transferring the organic matter-containing wastewater A to the granule tank 21, an anaerobic treated water transfer path 4b for transferring the anaerobic treated water to the solid-liquid separation unit 3, and Solid-liquid separation treated water transfer path 4c for transferring solid-liquid separation treated water B to a solid-liquid separation treated water storage tank (not shown), and concentrated water for transferring concentrated water C to a concentrated water storage tank (not shown). A transfer path 4d, a concentrated water return path 4e for transferring (returning) concentrated water C to the anaerobic treatment unit 2, and a biogas transfer path 4f for transferring biogas D to a biogas storage tank (not shown). It becomes.

前記有機物含有廃水Ａは、前記嫌気性微生物により生物分解され得る有機物等を含有する廃水であれば、特に限定されるものではないが、該有機物含有廃水Ａとしては、例えば、し尿廃水、下水、工場廃水（食品工場、化学工場、電子産業工場、パルプ工場等の工場からの廃水）等が挙げられる。前記グラニュール槽２１入口（有機物含有廃水Ａのグラニュール槽内への流入口）における前記有機物含有廃水ＡのＢＯＤ濃度は、例えば、１０〜１００００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下であり、より具体的には２０〜２０００ｍｇ／Ｌである。また、前記グラニュール槽２１入口における前記有機物含有廃水ＡのＣＯＤｃｒ濃度は、２０〜２００００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下であり、より具体的には４０〜４０００ｍｇ／Ｌである。   The organic matter-containing wastewater A is not particularly limited as long as it contains wastewater containing organic matter that can be biodegraded by the anaerobic microorganisms. Examples of the organic matter-containing wastewater A include human waste wastewater, sewage, Factory waste water (waste water from factories such as food factories, chemical factories, electronics industry factories, pulp factories). The BOD concentration of the organic matter-containing wastewater A at the inlet of the granule tank 21 (inlet into the granule tank of the organic matter-containing wastewater A) is, for example, 10 to 10,000 mg / L or less, more specifically 20 to 2000 mg / L. Moreover, the CODcr concentration of the organic substance-containing wastewater A at the inlet of the granule tank 21 is 20 to 20000 mg / L or less, and more specifically 40 to 4000 mg / L.

前記嫌気処理部２は、前記グラニュール槽２１に於いて、グラニュールが、好ましくは、運転時（廃水供給時）に、底部から水面の高さの３／４以上充填され、より好ましくは槽内の略全体に充填されるように構成されてなる。   In the granule tank 21, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is preferably filled with 3/4 or more of the water level from the bottom during operation (when wastewater is supplied), more preferably the tank. It is comprised so that the substantially whole inside may be filled.

前記嫌気処理部２は、前記グラニュール槽２１の上下方向に伸びる回転軸２２ａを有し、該回転軸の周方向に前記グラニュール充填層２１ａの下部の水が撹拌されて撹拌領域２３を形成する撹拌装置２２が備えられてなる。前記回転軸２２ａは、軸回転するように構成されてなる。   The anaerobic treatment unit 2 has a rotating shaft 22a extending in the vertical direction of the granule tank 21, and the water below the granule packed bed 21a is stirred in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft to form a stirring region 23. The stirring device 22 is provided. The rotating shaft 22a is configured to rotate.

前記グラニュール槽２１は、円筒状に形成されてなる。   The granule tank 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape.

前記嫌気処理部２は、前記回転軸２２ａと、円筒状のグラニュール槽２１における仮想軸とが略同軸となるように形成されてなる。   The anaerobic treatment unit 2 is formed such that the rotating shaft 22a and the virtual axis in the cylindrical granule tank 21 are substantially coaxial.

さらに、前記嫌気処理部２は、前記グラニュール充填層２１ａの下部に、該撹拌装置２２による撹拌によって水が前記周方向に撹拌される撹拌領域２３が形成され、該撹拌領域２３において前記グラニュール槽２１内に前記有機物含有排水Ａが供給され、該撹拌領域２３の上方に、水が上向流で流れる上向流領域２４を形成するように構成されてなる。前記嫌気処理部２は、斯かる構成を有することにより、前記撹拌領域２３におけるメタン生成菌の量に対する酸生成菌の量の比が前記上向流領域２４における比に対して相対的に大きい酸生成菌層を前記撹拌領域２３に形成し、且つ前記上向流領域２４における酸生成菌量に対するメタン生成菌の量の比が前記撹拌領域２３における比に対して相対的に大きいメタン生成菌層を前記上向流領域２４に形成し得る。
前記グラニュール充填層２１ａにおいて、前記撹拌領域２３および前記上向流領域２４のグラニュールの濃度は、好ましくは２００００〜１０００００ｍｇ-ＳＳ／Ｌ、より好ましくは３００００〜１０００００ｍｇ-ＳＳ／Ｌである。 Furthermore, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is formed with a stirring region 23 in which water is stirred in the circumferential direction by stirring by the stirring device 22 below the granule packed bed 21a. The organic substance-containing waste water A is supplied into the tank 21, and an upward flow region 24 in which water flows upward is formed above the stirring region 23. Since the anaerobic treatment unit 2 has such a configuration, the ratio of the amount of acid producing bacteria to the amount of methanogenic bacteria in the stirring region 23 is relatively large with respect to the ratio in the upward flow region 24. And a ratio of the amount of methanogenic bacteria to the amount of acid producing bacteria in the upward flow area 24 is relatively larger than the ratio in the stirring area 23. Can be formed in the upward flow region 24.
In the granule packed bed 21a, the concentration of granules in the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24 is preferably 20,000 to 100,000 mg-SS / L, more preferably 30,000 to 100,000 mg-SS / L.

また、前記嫌気処理部２は、必要に応じて、撹拌領域２３の原水供給部付近、撹拌領域２３と上向流領域２４との境目付近、上向流領域２４の処理水流出部付近のｐＨを測定するｐＨ計（図示せず）がそれぞれ設けられ、ｐＨを測定するように構成されてなる。また、前記嫌気処理部２は、撹拌領域２３、及び上向流領域２４にｐＨ調整用の薬剤を添加するｐＨ調整薬剤添加機構（図示せず）を備えてなることが好ましい。ｐＨ調整用の薬剤添加口の位置は、撹拌領域２３及び上向流領域２４に設けて各領域毎に調整するのが好ましい。ｐＨの範囲は、上向流領域２４では６〜８に調整するが、撹拌領域２３では６以下となっても問題はない。   In addition, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 may adjust the pH in the vicinity of the raw water supply unit in the stirring region 23, in the vicinity of the boundary between the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24, and in the vicinity of the treated water outflow portion in the upward flow region 24 as necessary. Each is provided with a pH meter (not shown) for measuring pH and configured to measure pH. The anaerobic treatment unit 2 is preferably provided with a pH adjusting agent addition mechanism (not shown) for adding a pH adjusting agent to the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24. The position of the pH-adjusting drug addition port is preferably provided in the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24 and adjusted for each region. The pH range is adjusted to 6 to 8 in the upward flow region 24, but there is no problem even if it is 6 or less in the stirring region 23.

前記撹拌装置２２は、パドル状の羽根板が、面が垂直方向となるように設置された撹拌翼２２ｂを備えてなる。該羽根板は、前記回転軸２２ａの軸回転により、該回転軸２２ａの周方向に水を押し出すように構成されてなる。   The stirring device 22 includes a stirring blade 22b in which a paddle-shaped blade is installed so that its surface is in a vertical direction. The slats are configured to push water in the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 22a by rotating the rotary shaft 22a.

また、前記嫌気処理部２は、好ましくは前記グラニュール槽２１の槽内側底面部から水面高さＬの１／３の高さ、より好ましくは１／４の高さまでの範囲内に、前記撹拌翼２２ｂ全体が収まるように構成されてなる（寸法の符号は図２に示す。）。   In addition, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is preferably within the range from the tank inner bottom surface of the granule tank 21 to a height of 1/3 of the water surface height L, more preferably to a height of 1/4. The entire wing 22b is configured to be accommodated (size symbols are shown in FIG. 2).

さらに、前記嫌気処理部２は、前記グラニュール槽２１の水深（槽内側底面部から水面までの高さ）Ｌに対する、前記撹拌翼２２ｂの翼高（撹拌翼２２ｂの上辺と下辺との距離）ｈの比が、好ましくは０．１〜０．４、より好ましくは０．１５〜０．２である。
本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、Ｌ／ｈが０．１以上であることにより、前記グラニュール槽２１の水を収容しうる部分に対して撹拌翼２２ｂを大きくすることができるため、前記グラニュール槽２１内の下部の水を十分に撹拌することができるという利点がある。
また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、Ｌ／ｈが０．４以下であることにより、前記グラニュール槽２１内の上部の水が撹拌され難くなるため、グラニュール槽２１の水の上下方向の混合が生じ難くなり、メタン生成菌の量に対する酸生成菌の量の比に関して、酸生成菌層とメタン生成菌層との差を大きくすることができるという利点がある。また、前記グラニュール槽２１の槽内側底面部に撹拌翼２２ｂが接触し難くなり、グラニュールの破壊を極力抑制できるという利点がある。 Further, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is configured such that the blade height of the stirring blade 22b (distance between the upper side and the lower side of the stirring blade 22b) with respect to the water depth (height from the bottom surface inside the tank to the water surface) L of the granule tank 21. The ratio of h is preferably 0.1 to 0.4, more preferably 0.15 to 0.2.
The anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can increase the agitation blade 22b with respect to the portion of the granule tank 21 that can accommodate water when L / h is 0.1 or more. There exists an advantage that the water of the lower part in the granule tank 21 can fully be stirred.
Moreover, since the water of the upper part in the said granule tank 21 becomes difficult for the anaerobic processing apparatus 1 of this embodiment to be 0.4 or less because L / h is 0.4 or less, the upper and lower sides of the water of the granule tank 21 are the top and bottom. Mixing in the direction is less likely to occur, and there is an advantage that the difference between the acid-producing bacteria layer and the methanogenic bacteria layer can be increased with respect to the ratio of the amount of acid-producing bacteria to the amount of methanogen. Further, the stirring blade 22b is less likely to contact the inner bottom surface of the granule tank 21, and there is an advantage that the destruction of the granules can be suppressed as much as possible.

また、前記嫌気処理部２は、前記グラニュール槽２１の内径Ｄに対する、前記撹拌翼２２ｂの翼径（回転軸２２ａの軸から撹拌翼２２ｂの先端までの距離）ｄの比（ｄ／Ｄ）が、好ましくは０．６〜０．９、より好ましくは０．７〜０．８である。
本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、ｄ／Ｄが０．６以上であることにより、前記グラニュール槽２１の水を収容しうる部分に対して撹拌翼２２ｂを大きくすることができるため、前記グラニュール槽２１内の下部の水を十分に撹拌することができるという利点がある。また、ｄ／Ｄが０．９以下であることにより、グラニュール槽２１の内周壁面に撹拌翼２２ｂが接触し難くなり、グラニュールの破壊を極力抑制できるという利点がある。 Further, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is configured such that the ratio (d / D) of the blade diameter of the stirring blade 22b (distance from the axis of the rotating shaft 22a to the tip of the stirring blade 22b) d with respect to the inner diameter D of the granule tank 21. However, Preferably it is 0.6-0.9, More preferably, it is 0.7-0.8.
Since the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has a d / D of 0.6 or more, the stirring blade 22b can be enlarged with respect to the portion of the granule tank 21 that can accommodate water. There exists an advantage that the water of the lower part in the granule tank 21 can fully be stirred. Moreover, since d / D is 0.9 or less, the stirring blade 22b becomes difficult to contact the inner peripheral wall surface of the granule tank 21, and there is an advantage that the destruction of the granule can be suppressed as much as possible.

前記撹拌翼２２ｂの回転数は、好ましくは１〜３０ｒｐｍ、より好ましくは２〜２０ｒｐｍである。
本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、該回転数が１ｒｐｍ以上であることにより、前記グラニュール槽２１内の下部の水を十分に撹拌することができるという利点がある。
また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、該回転数が３０ｒｐｍ以下であることにより、撹拌翼２１ｂがグラニュールに衝突することにより生じる衝撃力が抑制されるため、グラニュールが潰れ難くなるという利点がある。また、グラニュール槽２１の撹拌翼の上部の水の上下方向の混合が生じ難くなり、メタン生成菌の量に対する酸生成菌の量の比に関して、酸生成菌層とメタン生成菌層との差を大きくすることができるという利点がある。 The rotation speed of the stirring blade 22b is preferably 1 to 30 rpm, more preferably 2 to 20 rpm.
The anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has an advantage that the water in the lower part in the granule tank 21 can be sufficiently stirred when the rotational speed is 1 rpm or more.
In addition, the anaerobic treatment device 1 of the present embodiment has a rotational speed of 30 rpm or less, so that the impact force generated when the stirring blade 21b collides with the granule is suppressed, so that the granule is not easily crushed. There are advantages. Moreover, mixing of water in the vertical direction of the upper part of the stirring blade of the granule tank 21 is less likely to occur, and regarding the ratio of the amount of acid producing bacteria to the amount of methanogenic bacteria, the difference between the acid producing bacteria layer and the methanogenic bacteria layer. There is an advantage that can be increased.

前記固液分離部３は、グラニュールの重力沈降により、嫌気処理水から固液分離処理水Ｂと濃縮水Ｃとを生成する重力沈降槽３１が備えられてなる。   The solid-liquid separation unit 3 includes a gravity sedimentation tank 31 that generates solid-liquid separation treated water B and concentrated water C from anaerobic treated water by gravity sedimentation of granules.

本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記重力沈降槽３１に移送されたグラニュールに付着しており且つ重力沈降槽３１内で分離されたバイオガスＤと、前記重力沈降槽３１内での嫌気処理により生じたバイオガスＤとが、バイオガス貯留槽（図示せず）に移送されるように構成されてなる。   The anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 according to this embodiment is attached to the granule transferred to the gravity settling tank 31 and separated in the gravity settling tank 31, and anaerobic in the gravity settling tank 31. The biogas D generated by the processing is configured to be transferred to a biogas storage tank (not shown).

また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、撹拌領域２３を介さずに、上向流領域２４に濃縮水Ｃを返送するように構成されてなる。具体的には、濃縮水Ｃを撹拌翼の上端部より高い位置に返送するように構成されている。   Moreover, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured to return the concentrated water C to the upward flow region 24 without passing through the stirring region 23. Specifically, the concentrated water C is returned to a position higher than the upper end of the stirring blade.

本実施形態の嫌気処理装置は、上記の如く構成されてなるが、次ぎに、本実施形態の嫌気処理方法について説明する。   The anaerobic treatment apparatus of the present embodiment is configured as described above. Next, the anaerobic treatment method of the present embodiment will be described.

本実施形態の嫌気処理方法では、本実施形態の固液分離装置１を用いて、有機物含有廃水Ａから有機物を除去する。
具体的には、本実施形態の嫌気処理方法では、前記グラニュール槽２１の下部から該グラニュール槽２１内に有機物含有廃水Ａを供給する。次に、前記撹拌装置２２による撹拌によって、前記グラニュール槽２１の下部に、該撹拌装置２２による撹拌によって水が前記周方向に撹拌される撹拌領域２３を形成し、該撹拌領域２３の上方に、水が上向流で流れる上向流領域２４を形成しながら、酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌により有機物含有廃水Ａを嫌気処理して嫌気処理水を得る。 In the anaerobic treatment method of the present embodiment, the organic matter is removed from the organic matter-containing wastewater A using the solid-liquid separation device 1 of the present embodiment.
Specifically, in the anaerobic treatment method of the present embodiment, the organic substance-containing wastewater A is supplied into the granule tank 21 from the lower part of the granule tank 21. Next, a stirring region 23 in which water is stirred in the circumferential direction by stirring by the stirring device 22 is formed in the lower part of the granule tank 21 by stirring by the stirring device 22, and above the stirring region 23. The organic matter-containing waste water A is anaerobically treated with acid-producing bacteria and methanogens while forming an upward flow region 24 in which water flows in an upward flow to obtain anaerobic treated water.

本実施形態の嫌気処理装置及び嫌気処理方法は、上記のように構成されているので、撹拌領域２３と上向流領域２４との機能分担による処理の効率化に加えて、以下の利点を有するものである。   Since the anaerobic treatment apparatus and the anaerobic treatment method of the present embodiment are configured as described above, the following advantages are provided in addition to the efficiency of the processing by the functional sharing between the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24. Is.

即ち、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記嫌気処理水中のグラニュールからガスを取り除く処理が前記グラニュール槽内で意図的には行われずに、前記グラニュール槽２１の上部からグラニュール槽２１外へ前記嫌気処理水が排出されるように構成されてなることにより、即ち、気固液分離手段が備えられないことにより、最大でグラニュール槽２１の水面直下までグラニュールを充填することができ、反応領域が拡大する結果、前記グラニュール槽２１の単位容積当りの処理量を大きくすることができる。
これに対して、グラニュール槽内に気固液分離手段が備えられてなる嫌気処理装置では、グラニュールが存在せず有機物の分解に寄与しない領域の比率が大きい分、単位容積当りの処理量は小さくなる。
従って、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置では、有機物含有廃水から有機物を効率良く除去することができる。 That is, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is such that the process of removing the gas from the granules in the anaerobic treated water is not intentionally performed in the granule tank, and the granule tank is started from the upper part of the granule tank 21. By being configured so that the anaerobic treated water is discharged to the outside of 21, that is, by not having a gas-solid-liquid separation means, the granule is filled up to just below the water surface of the granule tank 21. As a result of the expansion of the reaction region, the processing amount per unit volume of the granule tank 21 can be increased.
On the other hand, in an anaerobic treatment apparatus in which a gas-solid-liquid separation means is provided in a granule tank, the amount of treatment per unit volume is large due to the large proportion of the area where no granule exists and does not contribute to the decomposition of organic matter. Becomes smaller.
Therefore, in the anaerobic treatment apparatus of this embodiment, organic substances can be efficiently removed from organic substance-containing wastewater.

尚、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置及び嫌気処理方法は、上記構成を有するものであったが、本発明の嫌気処理装置及び嫌気処理方法は、上記構成に限定されず、適宜設計変更可能である。
例えば、前記撹拌翼２２ｂは、１段の垂直パドル翼に限らず、２段交差パドル翼、格子翼、門型翼、傾斜パドル翼、プロペラ翼、三枚後退翼であってもよい。 In addition, although the anaerobic processing apparatus and the anaerobic processing method of this embodiment had the said structure, the anaerobic processing apparatus and the anaerobic processing method of this invention are not limited to the said structure, A design change is possible suitably. .
For example, the stirring blade 22b is not limited to a single vertical paddle blade, but may be a two-stage cross paddle blade, a lattice blade, a gate blade, an inclined paddle blade, a propeller blade, or a three-blade retracted blade.

また、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、撹拌領域２３と上向流領域２４とをより確実に分けるために、撹拌領域２３と上向流領域２４との間に水の上下方向の流れを抑制する部材（邪魔板、棒状部材等）が設けられても良い。   In addition, the anaerobic treatment device 1 of the present embodiment distributes the water in the vertical direction between the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24 in order to more reliably separate the stirring region 23 and the upward flow region 24. A suppressing member (baffle plate, rod-shaped member, etc.) may be provided.

さらに、本実施形態の嫌気処理装置１は、前記嫌気処理水中のグラニュールからガスを取り除く処理が前記グラニュール槽２１内で意図的には行われないように構成されてなるが、本発明の嫌気処理装置１は、前記嫌気処理水中のグラニュールからガスを取り除く処理が前記グラニュール槽２１内で意図的に行われるように構成されてもよい。即ち、本発明の嫌気処理装置１は、グラニュールからガスを取り除く気固液分離手段が前記グラニュール槽２１内に備えられてもよい。   Furthermore, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured such that the process of removing gas from the granules in the anaerobic treated water is not intentionally performed in the granule tank 21. The anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 may be configured such that the treatment for removing gas from the granules in the anaerobic treated water is intentionally performed in the granule tank 21. That is, the anaerobic treatment apparatus 1 of the present invention may be provided with gas-solid-liquid separation means for removing gas from granules in the granule tank 21.

１：嫌気処理装置、２：嫌気処理部、３：固液分離部、４ａ：廃水移送経路、４ｂ：嫌気処理水移送経路、４ｃ：固液分離処理水移送経路、４ｄ：濃縮水移送経路、４ｅ：濃縮水返送経路、４ｆ：バイオガス移送経路、２１：グラニュール槽、２１ａ：グラニュール充填層、２２：撹拌装置、２２ａ：回転軸、２２ｂ：撹拌翼、２３：撹拌領域、２４：上向流領域、３１：重力沈降槽、Ａ：有機物含有廃水、Ｂ：固液分離処理水、Ｃ：濃縮水、Ｄ：バイオガス、１０１：嫌気処理装置、１０２：グラニュール槽、１０２ａ：グラニュール充填層、１０３：撹拌装置、１０４：ガスドーム、１００Ａ：有機物含有廃水、１００Ｂ：嫌気処理水、１００Ｃ：ガス   1: Anaerobic treatment device, 2: Anaerobic treatment unit, 3: Solid-liquid separation unit, 4a: Waste water transfer route, 4b: Anaerobic treatment water transfer route, 4c: Solid-liquid separation treated water transfer route, 4d: Concentrated water transfer route, 4e: Concentrated water return path, 4f: Biogas transfer path, 21: Granule tank, 21a: Granule packed bed, 22: Stirring device, 22a: Rotating shaft, 22b: Stirring blade, 23: Stirring zone, 24: Top Countercurrent region, 31: gravity sedimentation tank, A: organic matter-containing wastewater, B: solid-liquid separation treated water, C: concentrated water, D: biogas, 101: anaerobic treatment device, 102: granule tank, 102a: granule Packed bed, 103: Stirrer, 104: Gas dome, 100A: Waste water containing organic matter, 100B: Anaerobic treated water, 100C: Gas

Claims (2)

酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌を含有するグラニュールが充填されたグラニュール充填層を有するグラニュール槽が設けられてなり、該グラニュール槽の下部から該グラニュール槽内に有機物含有廃水が供給され、前記グラニュール槽内において酸生成菌及びメタン生成菌により有機物含有廃水を嫌気処理して嫌気処理水が得られ、前記グラニュール槽の上部からグラニュール槽外へ前記嫌気処理水が排出されるように構成されてなる嫌気処理装置であって、
前記グラニュール槽の上下方向に沿って延びる回転軸を有し、該回転軸の周方向に前記グラニュール充填層の下部の水を撹拌する撹拌装置が備えられてなり、前記グラニュール充填層の下部には、該撹拌装置による撹拌によって水が前記周方向に撹拌される撹拌領域が形成され、該撹拌領域において前記グラニュール槽内に前記有機物含有廃水が供給され、該撹拌領域の上方には、水が上向流で流れる上向流領域が形成されるように構成されてなり、
前記グラニュール槽より排出された嫌気処理水を、該嫌気処理水よりもグラニュールの含有率が低い固液分離処理水と、該嫌気処理水よりもグラニュールの含有率が高い濃縮水とに固液分離する固液分離部が備えられ、前記撹拌領域を介さずに前記上向流領域に前記濃縮水を返送するように構成されてなることを特徴とする嫌気処理装置。 A granule tank having a granule packed bed filled with granules containing acid-producing bacteria and methanogen is provided, and organic substance-containing wastewater is supplied into the granule tank from the lower part of the granule tank. The anaerobic treated water is obtained by anaerobically treating the organic waste water with acid producing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria in the granule tank, and the anaerobic treated water is discharged from the upper part of the granule tank to the outside of the granule tank. An anaerobic treatment device configured as described above,
A rotating shaft extending along the vertical direction of the granule tank; and a stirring device that stirs water below the granule packed bed in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. A stirring region in which water is stirred in the circumferential direction by stirring by the stirring device is formed in the lower portion, and the organic substance-containing wastewater is supplied into the granule tank in the stirring region, and above the stirring region , Ri Na water is configured such upward flow region flowing upward flow is formed,
Anaerobic treated water discharged from the granule tank into solid-liquid separation treated water having a lower granule content than the anaerobic treated water and concentrated water having a higher granule content than the anaerobic treated water. It provided with a solid-liquid separation unit for solid-liquid separation, anaerobic treatment apparatus according to claim Rukoto such is configured to return the concentrated water to the upward flow region without passing through the stirring area. 請求項１に記載の嫌気処理装置を用いて、有機物含有廃水から有機物を除去することを特徴とする嫌気処理方法。 Using anaerobic treatment apparatus according to 請 Motomeko 1, anaerobic treatment method characterized by removing the organic matter from the organic matter containing wastewater.
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