JP5413531B1 - Next-generation solar power generation apparatus and next-generation natural energy power generation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A next-generation photovoltaic power generation system capable of continuously supplying stable power by reducing the installation space to a location area of one hundredth or less of the conventional one.
SOLUTION: A solar power generation device 50 for supplying first generated power by sunlight, a power storage device 20 for storing the first generated power, and pressure energy using the stored power supplied from the power storage device. An electrical energy conversion device 12 that converts to mechanical energy, and a generator 16 that supplies the second generated power using the mechanical energy, the electrical energy conversion device boosts a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid. A compressor 27 for supplying a high-pressure working fluid; a pulse power source 28 for supplying pulsed power; an electric power medium generator 42 for generating a high-temperature high-pressure power medium from the high-pressure working fluid in response to the pulse power; It is set as the next generation solar power generation system provided with the rotary fluid machine 40 which expands the said high temperature / high pressure power medium and converts it into mechanical energy.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation system and a natural energy power generation method, and more particularly to a next generation solar power generation system and a next generation natural energy power generation method capable of generating power even in bad weather or at night.

  In recent years, air pollution and global warming problems have become more and more serious, and solar power generation systems and wind power generation systems using natural energy have attracted attention as effective countermeasures. Conventional solar power generation systems are composed of a large number of solar panels, and a large amount of land is required for the installation. In addition, the average price per output is very high at 300,000 yen / Kw, and the equipment cost and installation work cost are enormous. As a result, the investment efficiency was poor and it took a long time to recover the investment. Furthermore, in the conventional solar power generation system, the generated power is insufficient when the weather is unsatisfactory at night or overcast, and stable power cannot be continuously supplied. As a solution, it has been proposed to employ a large-capacity backup power storage device in a photovoltaic power generation system.

  In Patent Document 1, the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation module is charged in a capacitor, and the compressed air obtained by driving the air compressor directly via the electric motor by the output power from the capacitor is stored in the compressed air storage tank. A solar power generation system has been proposed.

  In Patent Document 2, the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation panel is charged in a battery bank, and the compressed air is stored in the compressed air storage tank by driving the air compressor with the output power of the battery bank, and then the compressed air storage tank A hybrid solar power generation system has been proposed in which power is generated by driving an air turbine with compressed air supplied from and stored in a secondary battery bank.

US Pat. No. 6,367,259 U.S. Pat. No. 7,964,787

  By the way, in the photovoltaic power generation systems disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in order to obtain the generated capacity of rated capacity, the usage amount of the solar panels in the photovoltaic power generation system is enormous and a vast location area is required. Therefore, it was necessary to install it on a vast land at a long distance from electricity consumers. In addition, the compressed power is stored in the storage tank by charging the generated power obtained from solar energy into a capacitor or battery bank and driving the compressor using the stored power. In this structure, when the compressed air is discharged from the compressed air storage tank, the volume of the compressed air in the tank rapidly decreases, and the pressure of the compressed air rapidly decreases accordingly. For this reason, it becomes difficult to maintain the pressure energy for driving the air compressor and air turbine at the rated value for a long time, and stable power is generated when weather conditions such as nighttime, cloudy weather, and rainy weather continue for a long time. Could not be supplied.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems. The installation space is reduced to one-hundredth or less of the conventional location, and installed in a narrow place such as a building rooftop or a factory site. The cost per output can be drastically reduced by a factor of ten compared to conventional systems, and stable power can be supplied continuously even in the case of nighttime or long-term bad weather. The purpose is to provide a next-generation photovoltaic power generation system and a next-generation natural energy power generation method.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the next-generation photovoltaic power generation system stores the first generated power by the photovoltaic power generation apparatus that supplies the first generated power generated by sunlight as the power for storage. A power storage device, an electrical energy conversion device that converts pressure energy into mechanical energy using the stored power supplied from the power storage device, and a generator that supplies second generated power using the mechanical energy. The electric energy conversion device boosts a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid, and supplies pulsed power of a predetermined cycle using the stored power supplied from the power storage device A pulse power source; and an electric power medium generator that generates heat at a predetermined temperature by energizing in response to the pulse power and generates a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium from the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid; A rotary type having a rotary piston body that expands a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium and converts it into mechanical energy, a rotary piston body that rotatably supports the generator, and an output shaft that is drivingly connected to the compressor. A buffer machine for temporarily accumulating the high-temperature high-pressure working fluid supplied from the compressor, and controlling the high-temperature high-pressure working fluid supplied from the buffer accumulator to the electric power medium generator And the buffer accumulator and the control valve function as a starter when the rotary fluid machine is started, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid accumulated in the buffer accumulator is supplied to the electric power medium generator. supply be characterized by Rukoto.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the configuration described in claim 1, preferably, the solar power generation device includes a concentrating solar power generation device, and is further driven by the output shaft. An alternator that supplies third generated power and a charger that converts the third generated power into AC / DC conversion and charges the power storage device.

According to the invention described in claim 3 , in addition to the configuration described in claim 1 or 2 , a next-generation photovoltaic power generation system preferably further includes the compressor and the electric power medium generator. And a sealed power cycle circuit having a rotary fluid machine, and a condenser for cooling the expanded gas discharged from the rotary fluid machine, and is thermally coupled to and operated in synchronization with the sealed power cycle circuit A heat pump circuit that generates cold from the refrigerant using a part of the mechanical energy, and the condenser cools the expanded gas using the cold.

According to the second invention described in claim 4, the next generation of natural energy power generation method is to power storage a first generated power generated by natural energy storage device, electrical utilizing the stored power of the power storage device The energy conversion device converts pressure energy into mechanical energy, drives a generator with the mechanical energy to generate second generated power, and the electric energy conversion device uses the stored power to cycle with a pulse power source. A high-pressure and high-pressure working fluid is generated from the working fluid by a compressor and supplied to the electric power medium generator, and the electric power medium generator is energized in response to the pulse power. By generating heat, a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium is generated from the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid, and the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium is expanded by a rotary fluid machine. Converted to energy, the mechanical part of the energy to drive the compressor, a buffer accumulator for temporarily accumulating said high temperature high pressure working fluid supplied from the compressor, the electric power medium from said buffer accumulator A control valve that controls the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid supplied to the generator, and when the rotary fluid machine is started, the buffer accumulator and the control valve function as a starter and accumulate pressure in the buffer accumulator. A high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid is supplied to the electric power medium generator .

According to the invention described in claim 5 , in addition to the configuration of claim 4 , the next generation photovoltaic power generation method preferably further generates electricity for storage by a part of the mechanical energy, and The power storage power is charged into the power storage device by a charger.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first generated power generated by the photovoltaic power generation is not directly consumed by the electric load as in the prior art, but the pressure energy is converted into mechanical energy in the electric energy conversion device. For use. The second generated power obtained by driving the generator with this mechanical energy is consumed by the electric load. An electric energy conversion device includes a compressor that generates a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid from a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid, and an electric power medium that raises the temperature to a high temperature by energizing the electric power medium generator in response to pulse power. And a generator. This high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid is passed through an electric power medium generator to instantly generate a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium, and the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium acts on the rotary piston body of the rotary fluid machine to convert it into mechanical energy. At this time, since a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium does not leak unnecessarily as an unused power medium from the gap between the rotary piston body and the housing, the mechanical energy conversion efficiency is improved. In this way, the electric power generated by sunlight is not directly consumed by an electrical load, but is temporarily stored in a power storage device and converted from high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid to mechanical energy using the power stored in the power storage device. doing. Furthermore, since the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid is once accumulated and taken out from the buffer accumulator, the pulsation of the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid is suppressed and rotation irregularities of the rotary fluid machine are prevented. For this reason, the output of the rotary fluid machine can be stabilized and stable generated power can be supplied from the generator. Further, when the rotary fluid machine is started, the buffer accumulator and the control valve function as a starter, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid accumulated in the buffer accumulator is supplied to the electric power medium generator. The machine can be started reliably, and it is not necessary to take special measures for cold regions, so that the reliability at the start can be improved. Further, since the control valve is controlled to maintain the valve open state during the entire expansion stroke of the rotary fluid machine, the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium generated by the electric power medium generator (for example, 200 to 800 kgf / cm2) acts on the rotary piston body during the entire expansion stroke of the rotary fluid machine. Therefore, the rotary fluid machine can always obtain a maximum torque of almost 100% in the entire rotation range, and the net effective average pressure reaches several hundred Kgf / cm 2, so that the generator can be driven with extremely large power. . Therefore, it is possible to provide a solar power generation system with high investment efficiency without requiring a large amount of solar panels and a large installation space. Furthermore, stable power can be supplied even at night or in the case of long-term bad weather without using a large-capacity power storage device.

  In the structure of Claim 2, a solar power generation device is provided with a concentrating solar power generation device. The concentrating solar power generation device can reduce the usage amount of the solar cell element to one-hundredth of the area by using the solar energy condensed up to 1600 times by the condensing lens. . Therefore, it is not necessary to use a large amount of solar panels, and the installation space and equipment cost of the concentrating solar power generation device can be greatly reduced. Further, the alternator generates third generated power as power for storage using a part of mechanical energy, and charges the power storage device with the third generated power by a charger. Therefore, the power storage device is always supplied with power for power storage, and even when the weather continues to be irregular at night or for a long time, the power storage device can be supplied with power for a long time. As a result, the electric power medium generator can continuously supply the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium to the rotary fluid machine. Therefore, even when nighttime or long-term weather irregularities continue, highly reliable and stable power supply can be achieved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a cryogenic (for example, −10 ° C.) cold is generated from the refrigerant by a heat pump circuit that is thermally coupled to and synchronized with the closed power cycle circuit, and this cryogenic cold is generated. To cool the expansion gas of the rotary fluid machine. As a result, a large pressure difference is generated between the inlet and the outlet of the rotary fluid machine, and the performance of the rotary fluid machine is greatly improved. Therefore, the operation efficiency of the next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus is dramatically improved, and the next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus can be further reduced in size and performance.

According to the second invention described in claim 4 , in the next-generation natural energy power generation method, the first generated power generated by the natural energy is stored in the power storage device, and the stored power of the power storage device is used for the electric power generation. The energy conversion device converts pressure energy into mechanical energy, and a generator is driven by the mechanical energy to generate second generated power. In the electric energy conversion device, the pulse power source generates periodic pulse power using the stored power of the power storage device, and the electric power medium generator is set in a high temperature region (for example, 800 to 1200) in response to the pulse power. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid (for example, 200 to 800 kgf / cm 2) is generated by passing the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid generated from the low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid in the compressor through the electric power medium generator. ing. The high-temperature and high-pressure power medium expands explosively in the rotary fluid machine, converts it into mechanical energy, and drives the generator. Therefore, it is possible to supply stable generated power using natural energy.

According to the invention described in claim 5 , since the power for power storage is generated by a part of the mechanical energy obtained by the rotary fluid machine, and the power storage power is charged to the power storage device by the charger, Even when natural energy power generation is unstable, sufficient power storage to the power storage device is enabled. Therefore, stable power can be supplied to the power storage device even when the first generated power generated by natural energy power generation is unstable, so that stable power can be supplied even at night and in long-term bad weather. .

1 shows a block diagram of a next-generation photovoltaic power generator for executing a next-generation natural energy power generation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. Sectional drawing of the compressor of the next-generation solar power generation device of FIG. 1 is shown. Sectional drawing of the electric power medium generator of the next-generation solar power generation device of FIG. 1 is shown.

  Embodiments of the next-generation photovoltaic power generator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus 10 is illustrated as having a stationary structure, but is applied to a moving body such as a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, a railway locomotive, a space shuttle, an airship, etc. You may do it.

  The next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus 10 includes an electric energy conversion apparatus 12 that converts pressure energy into mechanical energy using a working fluid, an output apparatus 14 that includes a clutch CL that controls transmission of mechanical energy, and an output apparatus 16. And a generator 16 driven via

  The electric energy conversion device 12 is connected to the sealed power cycle circuit 15 that circulates the working fluid Wf and is thermally coupled to the sealed power cycle circuit 15, and operates with a part of the mechanical energy generated in the sealed power cycle circuit 15. And a heat pump circuit HP that generates cold using a fluid. The hermetic power cycle circuit 15 accumulates the compressor (composite rotary fluid machine) 27 that compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid Wf and the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid Wfp discharged from the compressor 27 via the check valve 29. A control valve comprising a buffer accumulator 30 having a pressure accumulating chamber 30b incorporating a sliding piston and spring means 30a, and an electromagnetic valve for controlling the flow (circulation period) of the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid Wfp supplied from the outlet 30c of the buffer accumulator 30. 32, an electric power medium generator 42 that heats the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid Wfp supplied from the buffer accumulator 30 to instantaneously generate a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium, and the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium explosively in the working chamber 116. A rotary piston body 200 that expands and converts it into mechanical energy and takes out the mechanical energy In addition, a rotary fluid machine 40 having an output shaft 132 that transmits a part thereof to the compressor 27, and a condenser (cooling) that cools the expansion gas of the rotary fluid machine 40 using the cold generated by the heat pump circuit HP. ) 43.

  The spring means 30a of the buffer accumulator 30 is selected so that the working fluid in the pressure accumulating chamber 30b is maintained at a first predetermined pressure, for example, 20 to 60 MPa. Therefore, as described later, when carbon dioxide (CO 2) is used as the working fluid, in the sealed power cycle circuit 15, the pressure in the first pressure accumulation path between the check valve 29 and the control valve 32 is 20˜. The sealed power cycle circuit 15 is filled with the working fluid so that the remaining second pressure accumulation path (low pressure side of the rotary fluid machine 40) is maintained at a second predetermined pressure, for example, 3 MPa. For example, the compressor 27 generates a supercritical fluid as a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid at a pressure of 20 to 60 MPa, thereby reducing the power required for driving the compressor 27. During the operation of the sealed power cycle circuit 15, the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid is accumulated in the accumulator 30 b against the spring means 30 a of the buffer accumulator 30.

  The control valve 32 has the same structure as that described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-270756 “Supercritical Engine and Supercritical Engine Driven Power Generation Device and Next-Generation Mobile Body Having the Same” by the same inventor as the present inventor. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.

  The heat pump circuit HP is thermally coupled to the sealed power cycle circuit 15 via the condenser 43 and uses a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid obtained by cooling the expansion gas of the rotary fluid machine 40 as the refrigerant Cm. The heat pump circuit HP is incorporated (built in) the compressor 27 and compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant Cm to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant Cmp composed of a supercritical fluid. The refrigerant high-pressure pump means P2 functions as a high-pressure pump (FIG. 2). And a condenser 43 that cools the expanded gas of the rotary fluid machine 40 by using the cold heat to generate cold heat by reducing the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant Cmp to evaporate and expand the refrigerant. A first heat exchanger Ev1 that absorbs heat from the surrounding environment and heats the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant Cmo that has come out of the first heat exchanger Ev1 to regenerate it as a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid Wf. Prepare. The low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid Wf coming out of the second heat exchanger EV2 is circulated to the sealed power cycle circuit 15, and thereafter the same power cycle is repeated.

  In the present embodiment, the working fluid of the sealed power cycle circuit 15 and the refrigerant of the heat pump circuit HP are not limited to the present invention, but are safe substances existing in nature and can be obtained at a very low cost. For this reason, carbon dioxide (hereinafter abbreviated as CO 2), which is a natural refrigerant having an ozone depletion coefficient of zero and a global warming coefficient of 1, is used. For convenience of explanation, the working fluid of the sealed power cycle circuit 15 is referred to as CO2 working fluid, and the refrigerant of the heat pump circuit HP is referred to as CO2 refrigerant. In the sealed power cycle circuit 15 and the heat pump circuit HP, the present invention is not limited, but the low-pressure side pressure is adjusted to a predetermined pressure, for example, about 3 MPa, and CO2 is filled in each system. . However, when using a medium other than CO2, the predetermined pressure is selected to be an appropriate pressure value according to the type of the medium.

  As apparent from FIG. 2, the compressor 27 preferably compresses the CO2 working fluid Wf having a predetermined pressure (for example, 3 MPa) to a critical pressure (for example, 20 to 60 MPa) to compress the CO2 working fluid (CO2 supercritical). Fluid) Compression means P1 that generates Wfp and refrigerant high-pressure pump means P2 that compresses a low-temperature low-pressure CO2 refrigerant Cm (for example, 0 ° C .: 3 MPa) to a critical pressure to generate a high-pressure CO2 refrigerant (supercritical refrigerant) Cmp. It is composed of a combined rotary fluid machine equipped. The reason why the compressor 27 is operated under conditions higher than the critical pressure of the CO2 working fluid and the CO2 refrigerant is to greatly reduce the power required for compression of these fluids and improve the conversion efficiency of pressure energy / mechanical energy. .

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the combined rotary fluid machine 27 includes a rotor housing 352 concentrically connected to an electric power medium generator 42 and a low-temperature low-pressure CO 2 connected to a sealed power cycle circuit 15. A first inlet 356A that sucks the working fluid Wf, a first outlet 358A that discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure CO 2 working fluid (supercritical fluid) Wfp, a second inlet 356B that sucks the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant Cm, and a supercritical refrigerant Cmp. The second outlet 358B to be discharged, the rotor working chamber 360 in which the inlets 356A and 356B and the outlets 358A and 358B are opened, and the rotor working chamber that is drivingly connected to the driving shaft 132 of the rotary fluid machine 40 by press fitting or other connecting means. 360 includes a pressurizing rotor 362 housed rotatably.

  The pressurizing rotor 362 includes a lubricating oil passage 362a that extends radially outward from the main lubricating oil supply passage 132L formed in the drive shaft 132, a lubricating oil supply port 362b, and an outer peripheral end portion of the lobe 364 from the lubricating oil supply port 362b. And a porous plug 362c capable of supplying a small amount of lubricating oil. Lubricating oil is supplied to the main lubricating oil supply passage 132L by a lubricating oil pump or the like described in Japanese Patent No. 5103570 “Rotating fluid machine” by the same inventor as the present inventors.

  The combined rotary fluid machine 27 further sucks the CO2 working fluid Wf and the refrigerant Cm from the inlets 356A and 356B while rotating on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor working chamber 360, and compresses these fluids to a supercritical pressure. However, the plurality of lobes 364 discharged from the outlets 358A and 358B, the curved sliding recess 366 formed in the circumferential rear edge in the radially inner region of the lobe 364, and the pressure rotor 362 adjacent to the inlet 356 The movable valve 368 is movable, and the pressurization chamber 370 is formed between the movable valve 368 and the curved sliding recess 366. The movable valve 368 includes a valve element 376 that is housed in a valve expansion chamber 372 formed in the rotor housing 352 and rotates via a pivot shaft 374. A distal end portion of the valve element 376 includes a curved seal portion 376a and a communication opening 376b that slide while contacting the lobe 364 and the curved sliding recess 366. A pressure spring 380 presses the valve element 376 toward the pressurizing rotor 362 in the spring housing portion 378 formed in the rotor housing 352. When the rotary fluid machine 40 is activated, when the drive shaft 132 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 2, for example, in the combined rotary fluid machine 27, the pressurized chamber 370 is operated with CO2 from the inlets 356A and 356B, respectively. The fluid Wf and the refrigerant Cm are sucked and discharged from the outlets 358A and 358B as a supercritical working fluid and a supercritical CO2 refrigerant, respectively. Thus, the pressurizing rotor 362 of the compressor 27 functions as a common part of the working fluid compressing means P1 and the refrigerant high-pressure pump means P2.

  The combined rotary fluid machine 27 is the same as the rotary pump described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-218058 “Rotary combustion engine, hybrid rotary combustion engine, and mechanical device equipped with these” by the same inventor as the present inventor. Since it has a structure, further detailed description is omitted. As the composite rotary fluid machine 27, a second rotary machine part of a rotary fluid machine, which will be described later, by the same inventor as the present application may be used.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the electric power medium generator 42 includes a cylindrical reactor casing 1100 concentrically connected to the rotary fluid machine 40. The cylindrical reactor casing 1100 is formed on the inner side of the cylindrical reactor casing 1100 and the insulating heat resistant layer 1116 such as ceramic formed on the radially outer side of the central inner peripheral portion 1114 of the casing 1100, and on the inner side of the insulating heat resistant layer 1116. A power medium generating chamber 1118 is formed. A central inner peripheral portion 1114 of the cylindrical reactor casing 1100 includes an inner peripheral wall portion 1114 having a diameter for allowing the output shaft 132 of the rotary fluid machine 40 to pass therethrough.

  The suction port 1102 of the electric power medium generator 42 extends to the radial wall 1120 and is fitted with the electromagnetic valve 32, and the radial wall 1120 has a plurality of openings 1122 extending in the circumferential direction. Counter electrodes 1124 and 1126 are arranged at corner portions 1118a and 1118b of the power medium generation chamber 1118, respectively. The pair of electrodes 1124 and 1126 are connected to the pulse power supply 28. A temperature sensor S2 is attached to the casing 1100, and a temperature signal T is supplied to the controller 60 (see FIG. 1) and used for controlling the pulse width of the pulse power.

  The power medium generation chamber 1118 is filled with a number of conductive high melting point tubular heating means 1134 interposed between the counter electrodes 1124 and 1126. In response to the pulse power, a large number of conductive high melting point tubular heating means 1134 generates heat and reaches an ultra-high temperature region of 800 to 1200 ° C., so that the pulse power supply 28 sets the duty cycle of the pulse power to a predetermined value. Be controlled. The gap between the conductive high-melting point tubular heating means 1134 can also act as the arc discharge region 1136, but it is not always necessary to generate arc discharge as long as the above-described ultrahigh temperature region can be maintained. When arc discharge is generated, the conductive high-melting tubular heating means 1134 is, for example, copper tungsten having an outer diameter of 6 to 30 mm and a predetermined length (for example, 0.5 to 1.5 times the outer shape). A pipe etc. are mentioned. In FIG. 1, the energization heating pipe 1134 is illustrated as being arranged in the power medium generation chamber 1118 in an aligned state, but in an actual application example, it is pressed with a predetermined pressure and maintained in an electrical connection relationship. If so, they may be arranged in a random state. In the case where no arc discharge is generated in the power medium generation chamber 1118, a number of stainless steel pipes cut into a predetermined length or other refractory metal pipes may be used as the conductive high melting point tubular heating means 1134. The CO 2 supercritical fluid passes through the gap between the electric heating pipe 1134 and the hole of the electric heating pipe 1134. At this time, a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium composed of a high-temperature and high-pressure CO2 supercritical fluid is instantaneously generated by being heated while colliding with each part of the energization heating pipe 1134.

  When a copper tungsten pipe is adopted as the energization heating pipe 1134, the pulse voltage of the pulse power may be selected so that arc discharge is generated in the adjacent portion where the energization heating pipes 1134 are in contact with each other. Arc discharge occurs more frequently when the voltage of pulse power that periodically generates a pulse voltage changes periodically between a high level and a low level. Therefore, it is possible to further increase the pressure and temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium by controlling the high level and the low level in the voltage of the pulse power. The above-mentioned energization heating pipe is advantageous in that it significantly reduces the flow resistance of the working fluid, but the conductive high melting point heating means may be composed of other materials. For example, using a copper tungsten ball, a carbon ball, a bulk conductive metal body in which a groove for allowing a working fluid to pass, a bulk conductive carbon, a porous refractory metal body, a refractory honeycomb metal body, etc. are used. Also good. A filter unit 1106 is disposed adjacent to the power medium generation chamber 1118, and the filter unit 1106 is filled with a filter 1110 formed of a heat-resistant metal wire or the like. When the electromagnetic valve 32 is opened at a predetermined cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium Scf that has passed through the filter 1110 is filtered by the filter 1142 and then supplied from the outlet 1140 to the inlet 124 of the rotary fluid machine 40.

  The rotary fluid machine 40 is preferably Japanese Patent No. 5103570 (Title: Rotary fluid machine) and Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-195513 (Title: Rotary fluid machine) by the same inventor as the present inventors. ), And Japanese Patent No. 5218929 (Title of Invention: Rotary Combustion Engine, Hybrid Rotary Combustion Engine, and Mechanical Device Comprising These) A fluid machine may be used.

  Returning to FIG. 1, in the electric energy conversion device 12, the generator 16 is connected to the output shaft 132 via the clutch CL and is driven to supply the generated power. The power line PL of the generator 16 is connected to a distribution line of a commercial power supply or connected to a load (not shown) such as an electric device of private equipment and consumed. The electric energy conversion device 12 includes a power storage system 20 for supplying stored power to the pulse power source 28. The power storage system 20 is obtained by a natural energy power generation device 80 including at least one of a concentrating solar power generation device (for example, manufactured by SUNGI Corporation, California, USA) 50 and a wind power generation device 55, and the natural energy power generation device 80. A power output line 80a for supplying the generated power as power for storage. The concentrating solar power generation device 50 uses the solar energy condensed up to 1600 times by the condensing lens to reduce the use amount of the solar cell element to one-hundredth of the area and install space and facilities. It has a structure that greatly reduces costs. The wind power generator 55 is generally equipped with a windmill, but may be a wind power generation system without a windmill developed at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) in the Netherlands. Thus, the electric power for electrical storage obtained by using natural energy is charged alternately to the first and second electrical storage devices 22 and 23 of the electrical storage system 20 via the charger 21. The power output line 80a is equipped with a power detector 90 including a current sensor and a voltage sensor (both not shown), and the power generated by natural energy is monitored, and the power generated by natural energy is below a predetermined value. Sometimes a warning signal RS is sent to the controller 60.

  On the other hand, an alternator 25 is drivingly connected to the output shaft 132 of the electric energy conversion device 12 via the power transmission means 14, and power for storage is output from the alternator 25 during operation of the electric energy conversion device 12. . The output side of the alternator 25 is connected to the power storage system 20 via the circuit breaker 19. The power storage system 20 alternately connects the first power storage device 22 to which stored power is supplied via the charger 21, the second power storage device 23, and the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 to the charger 21. A first switching controller 24 and a second switching controller 26 that alternately connects the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 to the pulse power supply 28 are provided. Although not shown, the charger 21 includes a transformer that steps down AC power to a charging voltage, a rectifier that converts low-voltage AC power into DC power, and a smoothing circuit, as in a known structure. A voltage sensor and a current sensor (both not shown) for detecting voltage and current are connected to the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23, respectively. The voltage detection value V1 and the current detection value I1 of these voltage sensors and current sensors are output to the controller 60, and the respective remaining storage capacities (SOC values: State of charge) of the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 are calculated. These are used to output command signals from the circuit breaker 19 and the first and second switching controllers 24 and 26 based on the respective SOC values. Although not shown, a circuit breaker may be arranged in the power output line 80a so that the natural energy power generation device 80 is cut off in response to a command signal output from the controller in response to the warning signal. .

  The controller 60 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that executes predetermined arithmetic processing, a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores a predetermined control program, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) that temporarily stores data. For example, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) is used. The controller 60 is connected to an input device (not shown) for inputting control parameters to be controlled and a device start switch.

  Desirably, the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 include commercially available ultracapacitor modules (manufactured by “Maxwell Technologies”, USA) that can be used for pulse charge / discharge cycle applications. Other power storage devices include, for example, rapid charge / discharge type storage batteries (Furukawa Battery Co., Ltd .: trade name “Ultra Battery”), supercapacitors (made by Tokin) consisting of large-capacity electric double layer capacitors, sodium ion batteries, lithium ion batteries Or a Ni-MH battery (nickel-hydrogen battery) or a combination of these batteries and a large-capacity electric double layer capacitor. An ultracapacitor (not shown) may be connected between the output lines of the first power storage device 22. Output power is alternately supplied from the first power storage device 22 and the second power storage device 23 to the pulse power supply 28.

  The pulse power supply 28 supplies pulsed power having a predetermined period (for example, 50 to 2000 hertz) using the stored power supplied from the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23. In pulse power, the pulse voltage is preferably set between 5 and 48 volts. When it is desired to generate an arc discharge between a plurality of energized heating elements, the circuit may be designed so that pulse power composed of a peak current and a base current is supplied to the electric power medium generator 42. At this time, depending on the capacity of the electric energy converter 12, the pulse power preferably has a peak current of 50 to 200 amperes flowing during the peak current conduction period and a current value of about one tenth of the peak current. However, it may be configured to have a base current that flows during the off-peak current conduction period. In the electric power medium generator 42, a large number of energized heating pipes 1134 are energized in response to pulse power to raise the temperature to a carbon dioxide critical temperature of 374 ° C. or higher, for example, 800 to 1200 ° C. This temperature is freely selected according to the operating conditions. In the process in which the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid sequentially contacts and passes the outer surface of the electric heating pipe 1134, the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium is heated in a supercritical state to become a high-temperature supercritical fluid Scf.

  The pulse power supply 28 is preferably a DC pulse power supply or an AC pulse power supply as long as it generates a pulse power composed of a peak current and a base current. Examples of the direct-current pulse power supply include a circuit configuration used in a power supply apparatus for pulse arc welding as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2587343.

  In FIG. 1, the pressure signal PS from the pressure sensor S1 of the buffer accumulator, the temperature signal T (see FIG. 4) from the temperature sensor S2 of the electric power medium generator 42, and the output shaft 132 of the electric energy conversion device 12 A rotation speed signal SP from the rotation speed sensor S3 and a warning signal RS from the power detector 90 are transmitted to the controller 60. From an input device (not shown), a calendar signal and a parameter setting signal such as temperature and pressure are input to the controller 60 as a reference signal. The voltage signal V1 and current signal I1 of each of the first and second capacitors 22 and 23 are transmitted to the controller 60, and the controller 60 stores the charges of the first and second capacitors 22 and 23 in response to these input signals. The state (State of Charge) is determined, and one of the first and second power storage devices 22 and 23 is connected to the pulse power supply 28 via the second switching controller 26 and the first switching controller 24 is connected to the first state. The other of the second power storage devices 22 and 23 is charged by the charger 21. Furthermore, the controller 60 controls the electromagnetic valve 32 in response to the input signals PS, T, SP from the sensors S1 to S4. At this time, the controller 60 controls the rotary fluid machine 40 to maintain the solenoid valve 32 in the open state during the entire expansion stroke. Accordingly, the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium continuously acts on the rotary piston main body 200 of the rotary fluid machine 40 during the entire expansion stroke, and from the rotary fluid machine 40, the entire rotation range (0 to 360 degrees). 100% maximum torque is obtained instead of a sine wave. On the other hand, the controller 60 outputs a control signal Cc for disengaging the clutch CL when the generated power from the next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus 10 is unnecessary.

  Next, the operation of the next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus 10 for implementing the next-generation natural energy power generation method according to the present invention will be described.

  In the operation of the next-generation solar power generation apparatus 10, when a device start switch (not shown) is turned on, the pulse power supply 28 is activated by the controller 60, and periodic pulse power is supplied to the electric power medium generator 42. Supplied. At this time, when the energization heating pipe 1134 of the electric power medium generator 42 is energized and reaches a desired set temperature (for example, 1000 ° C.) selected from a temperature range of, for example, 800 to 1200 ° C., the electric power In response to the temperature signal T of the medium generator 42, a command signal is output from the controller 60 to the electromagnetic valve 32, and the electromagnetic valve 32 is energized to open. At this time, the CO2 liquefaction high pressure (for example, 40 MPa) working fluid Wfp accumulated in the buffer accumulator 30 is ejected to the electric power medium generator 42 at a high speed flow. At that time, the liquefied high-pressure working fluid Wfp sequentially contacts the outer surface of the high-temperature energized heating pipe 1134 and is uniformly heated while being stirred. The supercritical fluid SCf heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, about 1000 ° C.) becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure power medium. Next, the supercritical fluid SCf flows into the expansion chamber 116 from the inlet 124 of the rotary fluid machine 40, acts on the rotary piston main body 200, explosively expands, is converted into mechanical energy, and torque is applied to the output shaft 132. Occur.

  At the time of starting the electric energy conversion device 12 and after the start-up is completed, the compressor 27 is started by the torque generated in the output shaft 132, and the compression means P1 and the refrigerant high-pressure pump means P2 in the compressor 27 are simultaneously operated to be sealed. The power cycle circuit 15 and the heat pump circuit HP are activated in synchronization with each other. At this time, in the heat pump circuit HP, the supercritical refrigerant Cmp discharged from the refrigerant high-pressure pump means P2 is decompressed by the expander 47, expands and evaporates to become a low-temperature low-pressure gas, and the first heat exchanger functions as the condenser 43. EV1 generates cold (for example, −10 ° C .: 3 MPa) to cool the expansion gas. The low-temperature low-pressure liquefied gas thus obtained is circulated as a liquefied refrigerant to the high-pressure pump means P2 of the compressor 27, where it is pressurized and supplied to the expander 47 as a high-pressure liquefied refrigerant Cmp. The liquefied refrigerant Cmo that has exited the first heat exchanger EV1 is heated using the ambient heat in the second heat exchanger EV2, and then flows into the inlet 356A of the compressor 27 as a low-temperature low-pressure CO2 working fluid Wf to compress the refrigerant. After being compressed by P1, the sealed power cycle circuit 15 is repeatedly executed thereafter.

  During operation of the electric energy conversion device 12, the generated power of the natural energy power generation device 80 is stored in the power storage device 20 through the power supply line 80 a and the charger 21. When the generated power of the natural energy power generation device 80 falls below a predetermined value due to factors such as nighttime or bad weather, a command signal is sent from the controller 60 to the circuit breaker 19 in response to the warning signal RS from the power detector 90. The circuit breaker 19 is closed upon delivery. Therefore, the generated power from the alternator 25 is used as power for storage and is stored in the power storage device 20 via the charger 21. In this way, even if the night time zone or bad weather (insufficient solar energy or wind energy) continues for a long time, a part of the mechanical energy generated by the electric energy conversion device 12 is obtained. Since the generated power of the alternator 25 driven by use is replenished as power for storage, stable power can be supplied in natural energy power generation.

  As described above, the next-generation photovoltaic power generation apparatus and the next-generation photovoltaic power generation method according to the embodiment of the present invention have been described, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in this embodiment, and various modifications are possible. . For example, the compressor has been described as being composed of a complex rotary fluid machine, but the complex rotary fluid machine may be composed of a compressor and a high-pressure pump that are separated and independent for each function. good. Further, although the second heat exchanger is arranged between the condenser and the compressor, the second heat exchanger may be saved. Further, a medium other than CO2 may be used as the working fluid and the refrigerant.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Electric energy conversion device; 14 Output device; 15 Sealed power cycle circuit; 16 Generator; 20 Power storage system; 21 Charger; 22, 23 1st, 2nd power storage device; 25 Alternator; 27 Compressor (combined rotary fluid machine); 28 Pulsed power supply; 30 Buffer accumulator; 32 Solenoid valve; 40 Rotary fluid machine; 41 Regenerator; 42 Electric power medium generator; 43 Cooler , 47 expander, 50 concentrating solar power generation device, 55 wind power generation device, 60 controller, 80 natural energy power generation device, 90 power detector, HP heat pump circuit, EV1 first heat exchanger, EV2 second heat exchanger

Claims (5)

A solar power generation device that supplies the first generated power from sunlight as power for storage, and
A power storage device for storing the first generated power;
An electrical energy conversion device that converts pressure energy into mechanical energy using stored power supplied from the power storage device;
A generator for supplying second generated power using the mechanical energy,
The electric energy conversion device is
A compressor that pressurizes a low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid to generate a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid;
A pulse power supply that supplies pulsed power of a predetermined period using the stored power supplied from the power storage device;
An electric power medium generator for generating a high temperature and high pressure power medium from the high temperature and high pressure working fluid by generating heat at a predetermined temperature by energizing in response to the pulse power;
A rotary type having a rotary piston body that expands the high-temperature and high-pressure power medium and converts the medium into mechanical energy, a rotary piston body that rotatably supports the generator, and an output shaft that is drivingly connected to the generator and the compressor. Fluid machinery,
Equipped with a,
A buffer accumulator for temporarily accumulating the high-temperature high-pressure working fluid supplied from the compressor; and a control valve for controlling the high-temperature high-pressure working fluid supplied from the buffer accumulator to the electric power medium generator. , at the start of the rotary fluid machine, characterized that you supply the high-temperature high-pressure working fluid and the control valve and the buffer accumulator is accumulated in the buffer accumulator functions as a starter to said electric power medium generator Next-generation solar power generation system. The solar power generation device includes a concentrating solar power generation device,
And an alternator driven by the output shaft to supply third generated power;
A charger for AC / DC converting the third generated power to charge the power storage device;
The next-generation photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, comprising: And a sealed power cycle circuit comprising: the compressor; the electric power medium generator; the rotary fluid machine; and a condenser for cooling the expanded gas discharged from the rotary fluid machine; A heat pump circuit that is thermally coupled to and synchronized with the power cycle circuit, wherein the heat pump circuit uses part of the mechanical energy to generate cold from the refrigerant, and the condenser uses the cold Next-generation photovoltaic system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that cooling the expanded gas is. The first generated power generated by the natural energy is stored in the power storage device, and the stored energy of the power storage device is used to convert the pressure energy into mechanical energy by the electric energy conversion device, and the generator is driven by the mechanical energy. Second electric power is generated, and in the electric energy conversion device, a periodic pulse electric power is generated by a pulse power source using the stored electric power, and a high-temperature high-pressure working fluid is generated from the working fluid by a compressor. The high temperature high pressure power medium is generated from the high temperature high pressure working fluid by supplying the electric power medium generator to the electric power medium generator and energizing the electric power medium generator in response to the pulse power to generate heat. inflating medium in a rotary fluid machine is converted into the mechanical energy to drive the compressor with a part of the mechanical energy, before The high-temperature high-pressure working fluid supplied from the compressor is temporarily accumulated in a buffer accumulator, the high-temperature high-pressure working fluid supplied from the buffer accumulator to the electric power medium generator is controlled by a control valve, and the rotation at the start of the formula fluid machine, the next generation of natural energy which is characterized that you supply the high temperature high pressure working fluid to the electric power medium generator the control valve and the buffer accumulator from said buffer accumulator to function as a starter Power generation method.   5. The next-generation natural energy power generation method according to claim 4, wherein power for power storage is generated by a part of the mechanical energy, and the power for power storage is charged to the power storage device by a charger.

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