JP5401094B2 - 熱可塑性エラストマーを生成するための動的加硫方法 - Google Patents
熱可塑性エラストマーを生成するための動的加硫方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5401094B2 JP5401094B2 JP2008519275A JP2008519275A JP5401094B2 JP 5401094 B2 JP5401094 B2 JP 5401094B2 JP 2008519275 A JP2008519275 A JP 2008519275A JP 2008519275 A JP2008519275 A JP 2008519275A JP 5401094 B2 JP5401094 B2 JP 5401094B2
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940095674 pellet product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=CCOP(=O)(OCC=C)OCC=C XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001862 ultra low molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001866 very low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PIMBTRGLTHJJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O PIMBTRGLTHJJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
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Description
i) 熱可塑性ポリマーを交差結合可能なエラストマーと動的加硫条件下で溶融混合し;
ii) ステップi)の溶融混合の開始前、溶融混合中又は、その後にエラストマーのための少なくとも一つの硬化剤を加え、溶融混合中にエラストマーを交差結合させ;
iii) 硬化剤の添加の前、添加中、又はその後に、ステップi)の溶融混合にプロセスオイルを導入し、プロセスオイルは、オイルの熱可塑性ポリマーに対する比率が以下の式
(-5.9 TP + 365) ≧ OL ≧ (-8.9 TP + 243),
で算定され、
OLはphrによる全プロセスオイル、Tpは全ポリマーベースによる熱可塑性ポリマーの重量%であり、1から60重量%の範囲であり;及び
iv) 熱可塑性ポリマーと交差結合されたエラストマーの熱可塑性加硫物ブレンドを押し出し、続く冷却後に、室温のシクロヘキサン中でその抽出物のレベルが、全エラストマー重量の6重量%未満であること、
を含む。
0.1から100 g/10分及び好ましくは0.5から50 g/10分のより高いメルトフローレートを使用することができる。
(-5.9 TP + 365) ≧ OL ≧(-8.9 TP + 243) (1)
であらわされ、式中OLは常に0より大きい数であり、全プロセスオイルのphrでのレベルを表わし、Tpは全ポリマーのベースでの熱可塑性ポリマーの重量%を表わし、1 または 2 または 3 または 4重量% から60、または50、または30、または 25、 または18。 または 8 重量%.の範囲である。
(-6.3 TP + 350) ≧ OL ≧ (-8.5 TP + 258), (2)
で表され、式中OL及びTpは上に定義した通りである。
(-6.7 Tp + 334) ≧ OL ≧ (-7.0 TP + 289), (3)
で表され、式中OL及びTpは上に定義した通りである。
a) 本発明の熱可塑性加硫物成分をペレット化し、
b) a)で形成されたペレットの続く溶融プロセスに、相溶化剤又は相溶化剤形成熱可塑性物質を加え、及び
c)それとともに、又は続けて熱可塑性加硫物と異なる少なくとも一つの熱可塑性物質を加えることを含むプロセスである。
TnSet% = ((L1 - L0)/L0) x 100, L0 は元の長さ、L1 は最終長さである。
Comset% = 100 X (最初の厚さ − 最終厚さ) /(最初の厚さ − スペーサーの厚さ マイナス シム(shim)及び/又は薄片(foil)の厚さ)
ESRは TPVの表面の滑らかさの指標であり、ここで数値が小さい程表面が滑らかであることを示す。ESR はFederal社製のSurfanalizerにより、製作者指示に従い測定された。
Std.DeV. = [((X1- Xave)2 + (X2- Xave)2 + (X3- Xave)2 + (Xn-Xave)2)/(n-l) ] 0.5
Ext%は室温でのシクロヘキサン溶媒中で48時間後に測定された抽出物の重量%である。低いExt%(Lower Ext)はエラストマーの硬化度又は交差結合密度が高い状態を意味する。これはエラストマーの非硬化重量%の規準である。交差結合したエラストマーのパーセントは、100から抽出可能重量を引くことにより計算することができる。
これらの実施例では、異なるphrのオイルで、加硫物中の熱可塑性ポリマーの下限の敷居値が2軸スクリュー押出機で検討された。加工での熱可塑性ポリマー含有パーセントは、全ポリマーベースで29.6から2.4重量%で変化させ、一方オイル含有量は82.4 phr (内7.4 phrは2軸スクリュー押出機に加えられた自由オイルであった)から282.4 phr (内207.4phrは2軸スクリュー押出機に加えられた自由オイルであった)。加工に用いられたエラストマーはV3666であり、エラストマーは、実施例22及び23を除いては、フェノール樹脂硬化剤10.5 phr (内7.4 phrはプロセスオイルであった)を用いて硬化させた。
表6は、直径30mm及びL/Dが約44のリング押出機が840rpmのスクリュー速度で軟らかい組成物を生成するために使用された実施例での加工特徴を示す。本発明のこの実施例及び比較例の調剤には、以下のもの(phr表示)を含む:EPDM (V3666) = 175 (内 75 phrはエキステンダーオイル), 酸化亜鉛 = 2.0, 塩化第一スズ = 1.26, プロセスオイル = 59.1, フェノール樹脂 = 8.4 (内5.88 phr は希釈オイル), 粘度 = 42, ワックス = 3.27。PP及びプロセスオイルの量については以下の表5を参照。使用されたPPは6phrのFl80A 及び残りはF008Fのブレンドである。供給速度は150 Kg/時間に維持され、オイル中のフェノール樹脂が硬化剤として用いられ、フェノール樹脂は押出機の最初の長さの25%でバレルに注入された。混合加工の間に、オイルが、硬化剤を添加する前、及び添加後に更に加えられた。反応は各TPV組成物のバレル温度プロフィールの整定値が同じになる様に実施された。フェノール樹脂硬化のためのバレル温度設定は:供給バレル=冷却; バレル部分2−6=180°C (356°F); バレル部分7-11 = 1700C (338°F); バレル部分12-14 = 160°C (320°F); 金型 = 200℃ (392°F)であった。硬化剤はオイルで希釈され、本発明の処方で必要とされる全オイルを補うために、硬化剤の添加後、加工中に追加のオイルが加えられた。この実施例及び以下の例において、プロセスオイルは可塑剤として使用された。低分子量汚染物質、反応副産物、残留湿気等が2箇所(必要に応じて更に増やすことが可能)で通気によ除去された。
表7はSiH硬化系を用いるリング押出機による本発明の説明である。
実施例9a及び9bはCoperion Co.製の共回転2軸スクリューMEGA混合機を用いて得た結果を示す。この実施例では、フェノール樹脂硬化剤が6.3 phr (内4.41はプロセスオイル及び1.89は硬化剤), エラストマーV3666 が175パート (内75 phr はエキステンダーオイルであった)の量で使用され、オイル及びプロピレン (PP)ブレンド(50%がPP5341及び50%がFPl 80A)の量は表8(a)に示す。バレル温度プロフィールは、バレル2から8の温度は180℃、バレル7から10の温度は170℃、バレル11から15の温度は180℃、金型温度は200℃であった。質量流量は426 kg/時間及び RPM は900であった。調剤中の全オイルの重量に基づき53%から60%のオイルが3箇所の位置(硬化剤を含む希釈剤を含む)で硬化前及び硬化中に添加された。硬化剤は供給口からバレル部分番号5の中間で添加された。実施例34では、質量流量は417 kg/時間に維持された。実験のための調剤及び他の条件は実施例32及び33に記載のものと同じである。揮発性物質、反応副産物 又は湿気を取除くために真空化可能な一以上の通風口が用いられた。これらの実施例は、ショアーA硬度25以下のTPV製品がMEGA混合機を用いて生成されうることを示していた。図1の三角印(Δ)は実施例32−34を表わす。
表9の実施例(19, 20及び21)は、本発明のエラストマー含有量が他の調剤(C1−C3)より高いことを示していた。本発明の組成物の、この高いエラストマー含有量は改良された弾性効果を必要とする応用分野での使用に有益であり得る。
i) 動的加硫の条件下で熱可塑性ポリマーを交差結合可能なエラストマーと溶融ブレンドし;
ii) 溶融ブレンド中にエラストマーを交差結合させるために、ステップi)の溶融ブレンドの開始前、ブレンド中又は、その後に少なくとも一つの硬化剤を加え;
iii) 硬化剤の添加前、添加中、添加後、又は断続的に、i)の溶融ブレンドにプロセスオイルを導入し、プロセスオイルは、熱可塑性ポリマーとの比率が
(-5.9 TP + 365) ≧OL≧ (-8.9 TP + 243),
の式により規定される量で加えられ、式中OLはphrによる全プロセスオイルレベル、Tpは全ポリマーに基づく熱可塑性ポリマーの重量%であり、1から60重量%であり;及び
iv)熱可塑性ポリマー、及び交差結合されたエラストマーであって、続く冷却の後に室温のシクロヘキサン中の抽出物のレベルがエラストマーの全重量の6重量%未満であるエラストマー、の熱可塑性加硫物ブレンドを押出すこと、
を含む、プロセス。
v)ステップiv)の熱可塑性加硫物をペレット化すること;及び
vi)ステップv)で形成されたペレットを一以上の追加の熱可塑性ポリマーと溶融加工すること
を含む、前記プロセス。
v)硬化後に、元の熱可塑性ポリマーと同一又は異なる一以上の追加の熱可塑性ポリマーを、加工工程に導入することを含む実施の態様2のプロセス。
Claims (17)
- 加工可能で、ジュロメータのショアーA硬度が30.6から0.2の熱可塑性加硫物組成物を生成するプロセスであり、前記プロセスは:
i) 動的加硫の条件下で熱可塑性ポリマーを交差結合可能なエラストマーと溶融ブレンドし:
ii) 溶融ブレンド中にエラストマーを交差結合させるために、ステップi)の溶融ブレンドの開始前、ブレンド中又はその後にエラストマーのための少なくとも一つの硬化剤を添加し:
iii) 硬化剤の添加前、添加中、及び/又は添加後に、i)の溶融ブレンドにプロセスオイルを導入し、プロセスオイルは、熱可塑性ポリマーとの比率が
(-5.9Tp + 365)≧OL≧(-8.9Tp + 243)
の式により規定される量で加えられ、
式中OLはphrによる全プロセスオイルレベル、Tpは全ポリマーに基づく熱可塑性ポリマーの重量%であり、2.4から16.7重量%であり;及び
iv) 熱可塑性ポリマーと交差結合されたエラストマーの熱可塑性加硫物ブレンドを押し出し、続く冷却後の、室温のシクロヘキサン中のその抽出物のレベルが、全エラストマー重量の6重量%未満であること、を含む、前記プロセス。 - 前記硬化剤が1.6から10.0 phrで添加される請求項1のプロセス。
- 前記硬化剤が3.0から8.0phrで添加される請求項1のプロセス。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、熱可塑性ポリマープラスエラストマーの合計重量に基づき、2.4重量%より多く6重量%未満の量で存在する請求項1のプロセス。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、相溶化剤又は相溶化剤形成熱可塑性物質であるか、又はこれを含むものである、請求項1のプロセスであって、前記プロセスは更に、
v)ステップiv)の熱可塑性加硫物ブレンドをペレット化すること;及び
vi)ステップv)で形成されるペレットを一以上の追加の熱可塑性ポリマーと溶融加工すること
を含む、前記プロセス。 - 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、相溶化剤又は相溶化剤形成熱可塑性物質であるか、又はこれを含むものである、請求項1のプロセスであって、前記プロセスは更に、
v)硬化後に元の熱可塑性ポリマーと同一又は異なる一以上の追加の熱可塑性ポリマーを加工工程に導入すること、を含む前記プロセス。 - 一以上の溶融成形装置(processor)が溶融加工(melt processing)で使用される請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項のプロセス。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーがプロピレン由来の一以上のアイソタクチックホモポリマーである請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項のプロセス。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーがプロピレンホモポリマー又はコポリマーから選択され、交差結合可能なエラストマーが非極性エラストマーである請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項のプロセス。
- 前記交差結合可能なエラストマーがモノオレフィンコポリマーエラストマー、EPDM、ブチルゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンエラストマー、天然ゴム及びブタジエンエラストマーから選択される請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項のプロセス。
- 請求項1のプロセスにより生成された、加工可能である熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
- 前記交差結合したエラストマーが室温のシクロヘキサン中の抽出物のレベルが2重量%を越えない請求項11の熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが、DSCにより測定したモノマー由来のプロピレンのアイソタクチック配列により、50から175℃の溶融温度を持つ一以上のプロピレンホモポリマー又はコポリマーである請求項11の熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリマーが0.90から0.91 g/cm3の密度、0.8 dg/分から50 dg/分のメルトフローレートを持つ一以上の結晶質のアイソタクチック又はシンジオタクチックポリプロピレンである請求項11の熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
- 前記エラストマーがEPDMである請求項11の熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
- 2.4重量%以上6重量%未満の熱可塑性ポリマーを含む請求項11の熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
- 前記組成物の、ジュロメーターのショアーA硬度が25未満である、請求項11の熱可塑性加硫物組成物。
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US11/375,737 | 2006-03-15 | ||
US11/375,737 US8653170B2 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2006-03-15 | Dynamic vulcanization process for preparing thermoplastic elastomers |
PCT/US2006/015240 WO2007001601A1 (en) | 2005-06-27 | 2006-04-24 | Dynamic vulcanization process for preparing thermoplastic elastomers |
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