JP5344621B2 - 糖度が向上した植物体を作出するための組成物及びその利用 - Google Patents
糖度が向上した植物体を作出するための組成物及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
本発明に係る糖度が向上した植物体を作出するための組成物(以下、「本発明に係る組成物」という。)は、細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質を含有していればよい。
(a)配列番号1又は3に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド
(b)配列番号1又は3に示されるアミノ酸配列において、1または数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換もしくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、γ−グルタミルシステインシンセターゼ活性を有するポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド
(c)配列番号2又は4に示される塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド
(d)上記(a)〜(c)のポリヌクレオチドのうちいずれかのポリヌクレオチドに相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチド。
(e)配列番号5、6及び15〜36のうちのいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド
(f)配列番号5、6及び15〜36のうちのいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列において、1または数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換もしくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、グルタチオン結合性プラスチド型フルクトース−1,6−ビスリン酸アルドラーゼ活性を有するタンパク質をコードするポリヌクレオチド
(g)配列番号7及び37〜56に示される塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチド
(h)上記(e)〜(g)のポリヌクレオチドのうちいずれかのポリヌクレオチドに相補的な塩基配列からなるポリヌクレオチドとストリンジェントな条件下でハイブリダイズするポリヌクレオチド。
本発明に係る糖度が向上した植物体の作出方法(以下、「本発明に係る作出方法」という。)は、細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質(例えば、グルタチオン、γ−グルタミルシステインシンセターゼをコードするポリヌクレオチド、又はグルタチオン結合性プラスチド型フルクトース−1,6−ビスリン酸アルドラーゼをコードするポリヌクレオチド)を用いて植物体を栽培する工程を含めばよい。
本実施例では、GSSG又はGSHを用いてトマトを育種した。具体的には次の通りである。
実施例1に記載の方法でGSSG又はGSHを与えてトマトを生育させた。得られた果実の糖度をポケット糖度計APAL‐1(株式会社アタゴ製)を用いて測定した。
本実施例では、スイートコーンを生育させた。具体的には、まず、スイートコーン(タキイ種苗社製、品番:キャンベラ90)の種子をバーミキュライト(旭工業株式会社製)に播種した。播種2週間後に、実施例1に記載の水耕栽培用鉢に植え替えて、追肥として、4週後及び6週後にそれぞれくみあい燐硝安加里S‐604号3gを与えた。
本実施例では、実施例3とは異なる条件でGSSGを与えてスイートコーンを生育させた。具体的には、まず、スイートコーン(タキイ種苗社製、品番:キャンベラ90)の種子をバーミキュライト(旭工業株式会社製)に播種した。播種1週間後に、実施例1に記載の水耕栽培用鉢に植え替えて、追肥として、4週後及び6週後にそれぞれくみあい燐硝安加里S‐604号3gを与えた。
本実施例では、ブドウを生育させた。具体的には、ブドウ(デラウエア)が開花した直後、1mMのジベレリン(GA3)及び1mMの各種薬剤を混合した溶液を花序に与えた。各種薬剤としては、GSSG、GSHをそれぞれ用いた。その後、各種薬剤を塗布した後、実った果実を収穫した。また、比較のため、上記各種薬剤を用いず、GA3のみを与えた以外は同様にしてブドウを生育させて、果実を収穫して以下の官能試験に供した。
本実施例では、細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質を植物に与えた後の、当該植物中の糖度を測定した。細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質としては、GSH、GSSGを用いた。また、植物としては実施例1で用いた植物と同じトマトを用いた。具体的には、次の操作を行なった。
本実施例では、細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質として、γ−グルタミルシステインシンセターゼ遺伝子をクローニングして用いた。これは、配列番号3に示す配列を有するポリヌクレオチドであり、GSH1遺伝子の一つであり、本実施例において単に「GSH1遺伝子」と表記する。
形質転換体を作製するための親植物として、野生型シロイヌナズナのColumbia (Col‐0)を用いた。植物は、正方形のプラスチックポット(6.5×6.5×5 cm)の中に底からバーミキュライト(旭工業、岡山)、クレハ培養土(クレハ園芸培土、呉羽化学、東京)、バーミキュライトを2:1:1の割合で3層に入れた土壌に播種し、生育温度22℃、長日条件(16時間明期/8時間暗期)で生育させた。
3週齢のシロイヌナズナの野生型Columbia(Col‐0)から全RNAを単離し、Prostar first strand RT‐PCRキット(Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA)を用いてcDNAを合成した。
GSH1_5'-3: 5'-GCTTTCTTCTAGATTTCGACGG-3'(配列番号10)
GSH1_3'-3: 5'-CCTGATCATATCAGCTTCTGAGC-3'(配列番号11)
GSH1_5'-2: 5'-ATGCCAAAGGGGAGATACGA-3'(配列番号12)
GSH1_3'-2: 5'-GGAGACTCGAGCTCTTCAGATAG-3'(配列番号13)
2つの断片をKpnI切断部位で融合し完全長cDNAを含むベクター(Chl.GSH1−pGEM)を構築した。Chl.GSH1‐pGEMを制限酵素XbaIとSacIで処理後、断片をbinary vector pBI121のcauliflower mosaic virusの35Sプロモーターの下流のβ‐グルクロニダーゼ(GUS)をコードする領域と置き換え、形質転換植物を作出するためのコンストラクト(35S‐Chl.GSH1−pBI121)を作製した。
GSH1(cyt.)_5': 5'-AGGGCATCTAGAGACCATGGCAAGTCC-3'(配列番号14)
cyt.GSH1−pBSを制限酵素XbaIとKpnIで処理後、断片を35S‐Chl.GSHI‐pBI121のGSH1上のXbaI‐KpnI断片と置き換え、35S‐cyt.GSH1−pBI121を作製した。
35S‐GSH1及び比較のため野生型シロイヌナズナ(Col‐0)を生育光強度50又は500μEm−2s−1で生育させた。一週間生育させた後、植物体を採取した。次に、採取した植物体を液体窒素で凍結させた後、粉末状になるまですり潰し、植物体50mg当たり100μlの50mM 酢酸ナトリウムバッファーで抽出した。
本実施例では、オウトウを生育させた。具体的には、オウトウ(ナポレオン)の収穫予定日の4週間前と3週間前に、収穫予定果実の結実枝の葉面に0.5mMのGSSGを塗布し、予定日に果実を収穫した。
以上のように、GSSGを与えることで有意に糖度が向上したオウトウ果実が得られた。
本実施例では、温州ミカンを生育させた。具体的には、温州ミカンの収穫予定日の1週間前に、収穫予定果実の結実枝の葉面に0.5mMのGSSGを塗布し、予定日に果実を収穫した。
本実施例では、GSSG又はGSHを用いてイチゴを育成した。具体的には次の通りである。
本実施例では、スイートコーンを生育させた。具体的には、まず、スイートコーン(タキイ種苗社製、品番:キャンベラ86)の種子をバーミキュライト(旭工業株式会社製)に播種した。播種2週間後に、実施例1に記載の水耕栽培用鉢に植え替えて、追肥として、4週後及び6週後にそれぞれくみあい燐硝安加里S‐604号3gを与えた。
Claims (4)
- 細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質を含有しており、上記細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質が、酸化型グルタチオン、還元型グルタチオン、又は、γ−グルタミルシステインシンセターゼをコードするポリヌクレオチドであることを特徴とする糖度が向上した植物体を作出するための組成物。
- 上記細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質が酸化型グルタチオンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質を備えており、上記細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質が、酸化型グルタチオン、還元型グルタチオン、又は、γ−グルタミルシステインシンセターゼをコードするポリヌクレオチドであることを特徴とする糖度が向上した植物体を作出するためのキット。
- 細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質を用いて植物体を栽培する工程を含み、上記細胞内の酸化還元状態を調節する物質が、酸化型グルタチオン、還元型グルタチオン、又は、γ−グルタミルシステインシンセターゼをコードするポリヌクレオチドであることを特徴とする糖度が向上した植物体の作出方法。
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