JP5313133B2 - ナノクリスタルを含む光学構造 - Google Patents
ナノクリスタルを含む光学構造 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5313133B2 JP5313133B2 JP2009512072A JP2009512072A JP5313133B2 JP 5313133 B2 JP5313133 B2 JP 5313133B2 JP 2009512072 A JP2009512072 A JP 2009512072A JP 2009512072 A JP2009512072 A JP 2009512072A JP 5313133 B2 JP5313133 B2 JP 5313133B2
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- VMDCDZDSJKQVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(trimethylsilyltellanyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)[Te][Si](C)(C)C VMDCDZDSJKQVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/0229—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating characterised by nanostructures, i.e. structures of size less than 100 nm, e.g. quantum dots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/902—Specified use of nanostructure
- Y10S977/932—Specified use of nanostructure for electronic or optoelectronic application
- Y10S977/949—Radiation emitter using nanostructure
- Y10S977/95—Electromagnetic energy
Description
本出願は、2006年5月21日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/747,805号に対する優先権を主張するものである。仮特許出願の全体を引用により取り込む。
本発明は、ナノクリスタルを含む光学構造に関するものである。
全反射を利用するファイバ及び平面導波路などの光導波路が、感知、通信、及び照明用途の広い範囲で使用されている。光は、コア/クラッド誘電体屈折率段差界面によって提供される完全なミラー化により、長距離にわたって高い効率で光ファイバを通して伝送することができる。典型的には、光ファイバ要素内の光場は、このコア/クラッド界面によって完全に閉じ込められる。
光学構造が、光導波路を通って伝播する光の光場にナノクリスタルを結合してナノクリスタルからの放射を発生する様式で、光導波路の表面上にナノクリスタルを含むことができる。例えば、一つ以上の半導体ナノクリスタル、又は量子ドットを、導波路、例えば光ファイバ要素など、光学構造の近傍に付置することができる。導波路を通って伝播している光の光場が、ナノクリスタルと結合し、ナノクリスタルに光を放射させることができる。
他の特徴、目的、及び利点は、説明、図面、及び特許請求の範囲から明らかになろう。
発光構造が、光学構造の表面上にナノクリスタルを含むことができる。ナノクリスタルは、光学構造を通って伝播する光の光場に結合される。例えば、一つ以上の半導体ナノクリスタル、又は量子ドットを、導波路、例えば光ファイバ要素など、光学構造の近傍に付置することができる。一例では、導波路の表面の一部分が、ナノクリスタルの薄層で被覆される。薄層は、単層であっても多層であってもよい。導波路を通って伝播している光の光場が、ナノクリスタルと結合して、ナノクリスタルに発光波長で光を放射させることができる。
従来の0.5mmプラスチック光ファイバ要素が、そのシース及びクラッドを剥ぎ取られる。ファイバをアセトン中に浸漬し、ファイバを拭いて、溶解されたクラッド材料を除去することによってクラッドを除去した。次いで、エタノール溶液中の赤色ルミネッセンス半導体ナノクリスタル(量子ドット)を、剥ぎ取られたファイバの外面に塗布した。ナノクリスタル層を乾燥させた。次いで、従来の光ファイバ端結合475nm発光ダイオードを、ファイバに取り付け、オンに切り換えた。図3は、このファイバから放射された光のスペクトルを示す。エバネッセント波がナノクリスタルに結合し、次いでナノクリスタルが赤色光を放射したことが、スペクトルから明らかである。おそらく、ファイバ誘導される青色光を散乱するファイバの表面粗さにより、いくらかの励起光もファイバから放射された。図4は、発光構造の写真を示す。エバネッセント波結合ナノクリスタルからの赤色光を簡単に見ることができる。
他の実施態様は、下記の特許請求の範囲の範囲内にある。
Claims (27)
- 光導波路の表面上にナノクリスタルを備える光学構造であって、前記ナノクリスタルが、前記光導波路を通って伝播する光場に光結合されるように位置決めされ、該光導波路が、光ファイバであり、該光導波路は、該ナノクリスタルが受ける励起波長の量を選択するように調整される、前記光学構造。
- 前記ナノクリスタルが、半導体ナノクリスタルである、請求項1記載の光学構造。
- 前記光ファイバが、前記ファイバの長さに沿って選択された量だけ光が逃げることができるようにするクラッド層を有する、請求項1記載の光学構造。
- 前記半導体ナノクリスタルが、第一半導体材料を含むコアを含む、請求項2記載の光学構造。
- 前記半導体ナノクリスタルが、第二半導体材料を含むコアの表面上にオーバーコーティングを含む、請求項4記載の光学構造。
- さらに、前記表面の第一部分に分散された複数のナノクリスタルを備える、請求項1記載の光学構造。
- さらに、前記表面の第二部分に分散された複数のナノクリスタルを備える、請求項6記載の光学構造。
- 前記表面の前記第一部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルが、前記表面の前記第二部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルとは異なる組成を有する、請求項7記載の光学構造。
- 励起波長を含む光を光導波路に導入するように配置された光源と;
前記光導波路の表面上にあるナノクリスタルとを備える発光構造であって、前記ナノクリスタルが、前記光導波路を通って伝播する光場に光結合されるように位置決めされ、光の励起波長を吸収し、光の発光波長を放射することが可能であり、該光導波路が、光ファイバであり、該光導波路は、該ナノクリスタルが受ける励起波長の量を選択するように調整される、前記発光構造。 - 前記ナノクリスタルが、半導体ナノクリスタルである、請求項9記載の発光構造。
- 前記光ファイバが、前記ファイバの長さに沿って選択された量だけ光が逃げることができるようにするクラッド層を有する、請求項9記載の発光構造。
- 前記半導体ナノクリスタルが、第一半導体材料を含むコアを含む、請求項10記載の発光構造。
- 前記半導体ナノクリスタルが、第二半導体材料を含むコアの表面上にオーバーコーティングを含む、請求項12記載の発光構造。
- さらに、前記表面の第一部分に分散された複数のナノクリスタルを備える、請求項9記載の発光構造。
- さらに、前記表面の第二部分に分散された複数のナノクリスタルを備える、請求項14記載の発光構造。
- 前記表面の前記第一部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルが、前記表面の前記第二部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルとは異なる組成を有する、請求項15記載の発光構造。
- 光を生成する方法であって、励起波長を含む光源からの光を光導波路に導入すること、及び該光導波路を該ナノクリスタルが受ける励起波長の量を選択するように調整することを含み、該光導波路が光ファイバであり、前記励起波長が、前記光導波路を通って伝播し、前記光導波路の表面上にあるナノクリスタルに光結合され、前記ナノクリスタルが、前記励起波長を吸収し、前記表面から発光波長を放射する、前記方法。
- 前記ナノクリスタルが、半導体ナノクリスタルである、請求項17記載の方法。
- さらに、選択された位置で選択された量だけ光が逃げることができるようにするために、前記光場と前記ナノクリスタルとの結合を高めるように前記光導波路の前記表面を改質することを含む、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記半導体ナノクリスタルが、第一半導体材料を含むコアを含む、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記励起波長が、前記光導波路を通って伝播し、前記光導波路の表面の第一部分にある複数のナノクリスタルに光結合する、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記励起波長が、前記光導波路を通って伝播し、前記表面の第二部分にある複数のナノクリスタルに光結合する、請求項21記載の方法。
- 前記表面の前記第一部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルが、前記表面の前記第二部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルとは異なる組成を有する、請求項22記載の発光構造。
- 前記表面の前記第一部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルが、前記表面の前記第二部分に分散された前記複数のナノクリスタルとは異なる発光波長を有する、請求項22記載の発光構造。
- 光学構造を製造する方法であって、光導波路を通って伝播する光場にナノクリスタルを光結合させるために、ある位置で光学導波路の表面上にナノクリスタルを付置すること、及び該光導波路を該ナノクリスタルが受ける励起波長の量を選択するように調整することを含み、該光導波路が光ファイバである、前記方法。
- 付置することが、前記表面上に前記ナノクリスタルを浸漬コーティング、ドロップコーティング、スピンコーティング、塗装、又は印刷することを含む、請求項25記載の方法。
- さらに、前記ナノクリスタルを付置する前に前記光導波路の前記表面を処理することを含む、請求項25記載の方法。
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