JP5263371B2 - ポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体および自動車用樹脂成形品 - Google Patents
ポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体および自動車用樹脂成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5263371B2 JP5263371B2 JP2011240685A JP2011240685A JP5263371B2 JP 5263371 B2 JP5263371 B2 JP 5263371B2 JP 2011240685 A JP2011240685 A JP 2011240685A JP 2011240685 A JP2011240685 A JP 2011240685A JP 5263371 B2 JP5263371 B2 JP 5263371B2
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- polyamide resin
- foamed
- molded article
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 229920006039 crystalline polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229920006020 amorphous polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920006249 styrenic copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 58
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 46
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
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- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 28
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- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 22
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
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- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC(N)=O GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006111 poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
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- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PBLZLIFKVPJDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-aminododecanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O PBLZLIFKVPJDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AATYZZMKXORGOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylheptan-3-amine Chemical compound CCCC(C)C(N)CC AATYZZMKXORGOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNVNLUSHGRBCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QNVNLUSHGRBCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Sb](=O)O[Sb](=O)=O LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
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- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbodiimide group Chemical group N=C=N VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) bromide Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-] QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSBGJRFJIJFMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;stiborate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O NSBGJRFJIJFMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
なお、実施例に記載された測定値は、以下の方法によって測定したものである。
各試料を2mg秤量し、4mLのヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール(HFIP)/トリフルオロ酢酸ナトリウム10mM溶液に溶解させた後、0.2μmのメンブレンフィルターでろ過し、得られた試料溶液について下記条件にてゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)分析を行い、数平均分子量を求めた。なお、分子量換算は標準ポリメチルメタクリレート換算とし、分子量1000以下のものはオリゴマーとして除いて算出した。
装置:TOSOH製「HLC−8220GPC」
カラム:TOSOH製「TSKgel SuperHM−H×2」、「TSKgel SuperH2000」
流速:0.25mL/分
濃度:0.05質量%
温度:40℃
検出器:RI
100mLのエレンマイヤーフラスコにサンプルを秤量し、10〜15mLのメチレンクロライドを加えて、マグネチックスターラーにて攪拌溶解した。10mLのテトラエチルアンモニウムブロマイド試薬を加え、さらに6〜8滴のクリスタルバイオレット指示薬を加え、0.1規定パークロリック酸で滴定した。終点は青から緑に変色して2分間安定な点とした。滴定に要したパークロリック酸の量(mL)をA、サンプル質量をW(g)、パークロリック酸試薬の規定度をNとして、下記式に基づきエポキシ価を算出した。
エポキシ価(当量/1×106g)=(N×A×1000)/W
105℃で15時間減圧乾燥した試料(ポリアミド樹脂)をアルミニウム製パン(TA Instruments社製「品番900793.901」)に10mg量り取り、アルミニウム製蓋(TA Instruments社製「品番900794.901」)で密封状態にした後、示差走査熱量計(TA Instruments製「DSCQ100」)を用いて室温から20℃/分で昇温し、350℃で3分間保持した後に上記パンを取出し、液体窒素に漬け込み、急冷させた。その後、液体窒素から上記パンを取出し、室温で30分間放置した後、再び、上記示差走査熱量計を用いて室温から20℃/分で350℃まで昇温し、その際の融解による吸熱ピーク温度を融点(Tm)とした。なお、本発明においては、この融点測定において明確な吸熱ピーク温度を示さなかったものを非結晶性ポリアミド(B)とした。
発泡成形体から四辺に切り出し面を有する25mm×25mm×厚みの試験片を切り出し、JIS−Z8807に記載の固体比重測定方法に準じて比重を測定した。なお、例えばスキン層/発泡層/スキン層のサンドイッチ構造において発泡層が充分に形成されておらず上下のスキン層が分離した場合など、試験片が複数に分かれてしまった場合には、複数に分かれた切り出し試験片を用いて同時に比重測定を行った。
まず、可視光硬化型樹脂に包埋後に研磨して発泡断面を露出させるか、あるいは、予めノッチをつけて破壊によって発泡断面が露出するように調製した成形体を液体窒素に10分間浸漬した後に衝撃破壊して発泡断面を露出させることにより、断面観察用サンプルを得た。
なお、セルの均一性が「×」で、かつ800μm以上の長さ連続性を持つ空洞がある場合は平均セル径を測定不可とした。
可視光硬化型樹脂に包埋後に研磨して発泡断面を露出させるか、あるいは、予めノッチをつけて破壊によって発泡断面が露出するように調製した成形体を液体窒素に10分間浸漬した後に衝撃破壊して発泡断面を露出させることにより、断面観察用サンプルを得た。そして、走査型電子顕微鏡により撮影した上記断面観察用サンプルの発泡断面の写真を画像処理し、表層部分に観られる一体化した非発泡層の厚みをスキン層厚みとして測定した。
ポリアミド樹脂組成物を得るにあたり、ストランドをストランドカッターでペレット化した際に、問題なくペレットが得られた場合は「○」とし、ストランド性が安定せずペレット化できなかった場合は「×」と評価した。
まず、発泡剤(窒素または二酸化炭素)を使用しないこと、および金型を型開き方向へ移動させずに(金型を拡張させずに)成形したこと以外は、測定対象とするポリアミド発泡成型体の製造条件と同条件にて、幅100mm×長さ250mm×厚み2mmの平板金型で比較対象とするポリアミド樹脂非発泡成形体を作製した。
得られた発泡成形体の表面状態を目視で観察し、表面に無機強化材(ガラス等)の表面浮き等による凹凸が認められず、目視で確認できるシルバーやフラッシュ等の外観不良がない綺麗な状態である場合を「○」、無機強化材(ガラス等)が表面に浮いて凹凸が認められる場合や、目視でヒケもしくはシルバーやフラッシュを確認できる場合を「×」と評価した。
まず、発泡剤(窒素または二酸化炭素)を使用しないこと、および金型を型開き方向へ移動させずに(金型を拡張させずに)成形したこと以外は、測定対象とするポリアミド発泡成型体の製造条件と同条件にて、幅100mm×長さ250mm×厚み2mmの平板金型で比較対象とするポリアミド樹脂非発泡成形体を作製した。
図5に示すように、得られた発泡成形体20を150℃に設定した熱源(ホットプレート)21の上に置き、反熱源側の温度変化を温度センサー22にて30分間測定し、30分後の温度を反熱源側温度とした。なお参考として、実施例20のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体と比較例3のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体について断熱特性を評価した際の、反熱源側温度の経時変化を図6に示す。
a1:ポリアミド6−1;東洋紡績製「ナイロンT−820」、相対粘度RV=3.1の6ナイロン、数平均分子量25400、融点225℃
a2:ポリアミド6−2;東洋紡績製「ナイロンT−840」、相対粘度RV=2.4の6ナイロン、数平均分子量17700、融点225℃
a3:ポリアミド66−1;東レ製「アミラン(登録商標)CM3001N」、相対粘度RV=2.8の66ナイロン、数平均分子量17900、融点265℃
a4:ポリアミド11;アルケマ製「リルサン(登録商標)B BMNO」、相対粘度RV=2.1の11ナイロン、融点187℃
b1:ポリアミド6T6I;EMS社製「グリボリーG21」、6T/6I=33/67(モル%)、Tg125℃、数平均分子量15100、非結晶性
b2:ポリアミドPACM14;アルケマ製「G350」、Tg146℃、数平均分子量14200、非結晶性
b3:ポリアミドMACM12・I;EMS社製「TR−55」、Tg162℃、数平均分子量18600、非結晶性
c1:スチレン系重合体1;以下のようにして製造した。
すなわち、オイルジャケットを備えた容量1リットルの加圧式攪拌槽型反応器のオイルジャケット温度を、200℃に保った。一方、スチレン(St)89質量部、グリシジルメタクリレート(GMA)11質量部、キシレン(Xy)15質量部、及び重合開始剤としてジターシャリーブチルパーオキサイド(DTBP)0.5質量部からなる単量体混合液を原料タンクに仕込んだ。これを一定の供給速度(48g/分、滞留時間:12分)で原料タンクから反応器に連続供給し、反応器の内容液質量が約580gで一定になるように反応液を反応器の出口から連続的に抜き出した。このとき反応器内温は約210℃に保った。反応器内部の温度が安定してから36分経過後から、抜き出した反応液を減圧度30kPa、温度250℃に保った薄膜蒸発機に導き、連続的に揮発成分を除去して、スチレン系重合体(c1)を得た。このスチレン系重合体(c1)は、GPC分析(ポリスチレン換算値)によると重量平均分子量8500、数平均分子量3300であった。また、そのエポキシ価は670当量/1×106g、エポキシ価数(1分子当りの平均エポキシ基の数)は2.2であり、グリシジル基を1分子中に2個以上有するものである。
すなわち、St77質量部、GMA23質量部、Xy15質量部、DTBP0.3質量部からなる単量体混合液を用いた以外は、上記スチレン系重合体(c1)の製造と同じ方法にてスチレン系重合体(c2)を得た。このスチレン系重合体(c2)は、GPC分析(ポリスチレン換算値)によると重量平均分子量9700、数平均分子量3300であった。また、そのエポキシ価は1400当量/1×106g、エポキシ価数(1分子当りの平均エポキシ基の数)は4.6であり、グリシジル基を1分子中に2個以上有するものである。
d1:ガラス繊維1;日東紡績(株)製「CS3PE453」
d2:ガラス繊維2;日東紡績(株)製「CSG3PA810S」
d3:ガラスビーズ;ポッターズバロティーニ社製「GB731A−PN」
安定剤:チバ・ジャパン社製「イルガノックスB1171」
離型剤:クラリアントジャパン社製「モンタン酸エステルワックスWE40」
黒顔料:住化カラー社製「EPC8E313」
上述した各原料(A)〜(D)の使用量(質量部)は表1〜3に示す通りとし、これに各実施例・比較例とも、安定剤が0.3質量部、離型剤が0.3質量部、黒顔料が1.0質量部を添加し、これらを35φ二軸押出機(東芝機械社製)にて混合した。詳しくは、まず結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(A)、非結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(B)、グリシジル基含有スチレン系共重合体(C)、安定剤、離型剤および黒顔料をスクリュー回転数100rpmにてホッパーより同時に投入して溶融混練した後、無機強化材(D)をサイドフィードで投入した。このとき、シリンダ温度は、結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(A)としてポリアミド66−1(a3)を用いる場合には280℃とし、ポリアミド6−1(a1)、ポリアミド6−2(a2)またはポリアミド11(a4)を用いる場合には250℃に設定した。そして、押出機から吐出されたストランドを水槽で冷却した後、ストランドカッターでペレット化し、125℃で5時間乾燥することにより、ポリアミド樹脂組成物をペレットとして得た。
2 金型(稼動用)
3 キャビティ
4 射出成形機
5 ガスボンベ
6 昇圧ポンプ
7 圧力制御バルブ
10 試験片
11 加振機
20 発泡成形体
21 熱源(ホットプレート)
22 温度センサー
Claims (7)
- ポリアミド樹脂組成物を溶融状態とし、型締めされた複数の金型で形成されるキャビティ内に化学発泡剤および/または超臨界状態の不活性ガスとともに射出、充填し、表層に厚み100〜800μmの非発泡スキン層が形成された段階で少なくとも一つの金型を型開き方向へ移動してキャビティの容積を拡大させることにより得られる発泡成形体であり、
前記ポリアミド樹脂組成物が、結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(A)と、非結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(B)と、グリシジル基を1分子あたり2個以上含有し、重量平均分子量4000〜25000であり、かつエポキシ価が400〜2500当量/1×106gであるグリシジル基含有スチレン系共重合体(C)と、無機強化材(D)とを、前記結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(A)と前記非結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(B)の合計100質量部に対して、前記グリシジル基含有スチレン系共重合体(C)が0〜30質量部、前記無機強化材(D)が0〜350質量部となる割合で含有し、
ポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体の共振周波数x(Hz)が、前記ポリアミド樹脂組成物を溶融状態とし、型締めされた複数の金型で形成されるキャビティ内に射出するにあたり、化学発泡剤および/または超臨界状態の不活性ガスを注入せずに、全ての金型を型開き方向へ移動させることなく成形して得られた非発泡成形体の共振周波数y(Hz)の1.5倍以上であることを特徴とするポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体。 - 樹脂連続相と平均セル径10〜300μmの独立した発泡セルから構成される発泡層と、該発泡層に積層された厚み100〜800μmの非発泡スキン層とが前記ポリアミド樹脂組成物により形成されており、比重が0.2〜1.0である請求項1記載のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体。
- 前記発泡層の両面に前記非発泡スキン層が設けられたサンドイッチ構造を有する請求項2記載のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体。
- 結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(A)と非結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(B)との比率が結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(A):非結晶性ポリアミド樹脂(B)=95:5〜50:50(質量比)である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体。
- グリシジル基含有スチレン系共重合体(C)が、(X)20〜99質量%のビニル芳香族モノマー、(Y)1〜80質量%のグリシジルアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、および(Z)0〜79質量%のエポキシ基を含有していない前記(X)以外のビニル基含有モノマーからなる共重合体である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂発泡成形体で形成されたことを特徴とする断熱性を有する自動車用樹脂成形品。
- エンジンカバー、シリンダーヘッドカバー及びミッションカバーからなる群より選ばれる耐熱カバーである請求項6に記載の断熱性を有する自動車用樹脂成形品。
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