JP5214142B2 - 多層タブレット型チューインガム - Google Patents
多層タブレット型チューインガム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5214142B2 JP5214142B2 JP2006501559A JP2006501559A JP5214142B2 JP 5214142 B2 JP5214142 B2 JP 5214142B2 JP 2006501559 A JP2006501559 A JP 2006501559A JP 2006501559 A JP2006501559 A JP 2006501559A JP 5214142 B2 JP5214142 B2 JP 5214142B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tablet
- layer
- compression
- gum base
- gum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K9/2072—Pills, tablets, discs, rods characterised by shape, structure or size; Tablets with holes, special break lines or identification marks; Partially coated tablets; Disintegrating flat shaped forms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/0002—Processes of manufacture not relating to composition and compounding ingredients
- A23G3/0063—Coating or filling sweetmeats or confectionery
- A23G3/0065—Processes for making filled articles, composite articles, multi-layered articles
- A23G3/007—Processes for making filled articles, composite articles, multi-layered articles the material being shaped at least partially in a mould, in the hollows of a surface, a drum, an endless band or by drop-by-drop casting or dispensing of the materials on a surface or an article being completed
- A23G3/008—Compression moulding of paste, e.g. in the form of a ball or rope or other preforms, or of powder or granules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/02—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum
- A23G4/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/02—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum
- A23G4/04—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping
- A23G4/043—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping for composite chewing gum
- A23G4/046—Apparatus specially adapted for manufacture or treatment of chewing gum for moulding or shaping for composite chewing gum with a centre made of chewing gum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G4/12—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
- A23G4/126—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins containing vitamins, antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/18—Chewing gum characterised by shape, structure or physical form, e.g. aerated products
- A23G4/20—Composite products, e.g. centre-filled, multi-layer, laminated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
- A61K9/0058—Chewing gums
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Description
用語「抗付着賦形剤/圧縮補助剤」は、システムの圧縮工程を促進し、錠圧縮機への付着からポンチを防ぐ、1以上の層でガムベースの内層を被覆することができるいずれかの物質又は物質の混合物を意味する。
そのような抗付着賦形剤/圧縮補助剤は、イソマルト、マルトール、マルトデキストリン、マルチトール、マンニトール、キシリトール、ラクチトール、ラクトース、スキムミルク、エリトリトール、オリゴフルクトース、レトログレード・スターチ、ポリソルベート、ポリエチレンオキサイド、デキストラン、シクロデキストリン、オリゴサッカロース、フルクトース、硬化スターチ・ヒドロシレートを含む。
さらに好ましいのは、イソマルト、マルトデキストリン、マルチトール、マンニトール、キシリトール、スキムミルク、オリゴフルクトースである。
製造方法の結果として、本発明のタブレットは、サンドイッチ様構造を有しており、外層は他とは接触せず、それぞれはガムコアの上部及び底部のみを被覆し、その外周側面は非被覆のままである。
あるいは、タブレットは、ガムベースの2又は3以上の内層を含んでいてもよく、それぞれは、他層に存在するものと同じ又は異なる活性成分を含んでいてもよく、又は不相溶な活性成分を含む分離層の単一の機能を有する剤形によって形成されていてもよい。
また、外層は、中間層に含有されているものと同じ又は異なる活性成分を含有することができる。
各層の剤形は、上述した抗付着賦形剤に加えて、ラクトース、でんぷん、加工でんぷん、微晶質セルロース、ソルビトール、シクロデキストリン、サッカロース、フルクトース、デキストロース、タルク、コロイダルシリカ、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、デンプンペースト、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドン、ゼラチン、ペクチン及び他の公知の補助剤のような、医薬産業で普通に使用されている他の圧縮補助剤を含んでもよい。
中間層にアセチルシステイン100mgを含有する3層タブレットの製造
1−a 外層に使用された混合物の製造
各外層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
マルトデキストリン 100.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 5.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シロイド244−グレース) 2.00 mg
ミント香味料(ペパーミント) 5.00 mg
総重量 217.00 mg
キシリトール+マルトデキストリンを10分間混合する。次いで、残りの成分を添加し、混合を20分間さらに続け、均一な混合物を生成する。
各内層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
アセチルステイン(モエホス) 100.00 mg
ガムベース(フララ−PGモンドTA) 500.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 5.00 mg
ミント香味料(ペパーミント) 5.00 mg
アスパルテーム 4.00 mg
総重量 634.00 mg
活性成分及びガムベースを、香味料、アスパルテーム及びタルクとともに混合し、混合を10分間続けた。次いで、他の賦形剤及び活性成分を添加し、混合をさらに20分間続け、均一な、流動体を有する混合物を生成する。
1−a及び1−bの段落で説明したように、ならびに公知の製造方法によって得られた粉末混合物を、3層タブレットを形成するのに適する回転タブレット圧縮機の3つの装填ホッパーに装填する(例えば、マネスティー層−圧縮機、リバプール、英国)。特に、段落1−aで記載された混合物を第1及び第3ホッパに装填し、段落1−bに記載された混合物を第2ホッパーに装填する。タブレット圧縮機は、13.0mmの直径の平坦な円形のポンチを装備する。装置を、段落1−aに記載された混合物217mgの第1層、634mg(100mgのアセチルシステインを含む)第2層及び段落1−aに記載された混合物217mgの第3層、つまり最終層からなる3層システムを生成するために調整する。第1及び第3層に含まれる量は、約1.5mm厚の層を生成するために十分かつ必要である。完成したシステムの全重量は、アセチルシステイン100mgの含量に相当し、よって、1068.00mgである。外層(それらはガム層と、タブレット圧縮機の機械的な部品との間の接触面積を最小限にする)の存在により、圧縮プロセスは、容易に、高生産量で、ポンチに付着することなく進行する。機械的な部品との直接接触におけるガムベース混合物の圧縮段階の未解決の問題のうちの一つは、強固な付着である。それは、ポンチ−ダイ・システムのこう着を引き起こすことがあり、それらを生成するタブレットを除去することを不可能にし、よって、工業規模を非現実的とする工程をもたらす。実施例で説明された新規な工程によって得られたタブレットは、滑らかで、光沢のある表面を有する。咀嚼におけるそれらの感覚受容特性は、以下のようである。快い風味及び急速なガム形成時間。咀嚼すると、長時間咀嚼したときでさえ、ガムは優れた稠度を有し、咀嚼できる体積は快適であり、後味がない。
活性成分のみを含有する層の圧縮特性を試験するために、アセチルシステイン100mgを含有する単層のタブレットを製造した。
1のb 圧縮による単層チューインガムの製造
上述したように得られた粉末混合物を、公知の製造方法に従って、回転タブレット圧縮機(例えば、コルシェ、コログン、ドイツ)の装填ホッパーに装填する。タブレット圧縮機は、13.0mmの直径の平坦な円形のポンチを装備する。装置を、634mgタブレット(アセチルシステイン100mg含有)を製造するために調整する。
中間層にアルニチン100mgを含有する3層タブレットの製造
2−a 外層のために用いられる混合物の製造
各外層は以下の単位組成を有する。
マルトデキストリン 200.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 5.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 3.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 1.00 mg
アセスルファーム 3.00 mg
オレンジ香味料(ギバウダン) 5.00 mg
総重量 217.00 mg
以下の物質を、10分間、攪拌機中で混合する;マルトデキストリン+二酸化珪素。次いで、残りの成分を加え、さらに20分間混合を続ける。均一で、流動性を有する混合物を得る。
内層は以下の単位組成を有する。
カルニチン 100.00 mg
ガムベース(フララーPGモンドTA) 500.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 5.00 mg
オレンジ香味料(ギバウダン) 5.00 mg
アスパルテーム 4.00 mg
総重量 634.00 mg
香味料、アスパルテーム及びタルクをガムに加え、10分間混合を続ける。次いで、他の賦形剤及び活性成分を添加し、混合をさらに20分間続け、均一な、流動体を有する混合物を生成する。
2−a及び2−bの段落で説明したように、ならびに公知の製造方法によって得られた粉末混合物を、3層タブレットを形成するのに適する回転タブレット圧縮機の3つの装填ホッパーに装填する(例えば、マネスティー層−圧縮機、リバプール、英国)。特に、段落2−aで記載された混合物を第1及び第3ホッパに装填し、段落2−bに記載された混合物を第2ホッパーに装填する。タブレット圧縮機は、13.0mmの直径の平坦な円形のポンチを装備する。装置を、段落2−aに記載された混合物217mgの第1層、634mg(100mgのカルニチンを含む)第2層及び段落2−aに記載された混合物217mgの第3層、つまり最終層からなる3層システムを生成するために調整する。第1及び第3層に含まれる量は、約1.5mm厚の層を生成するために十分かつ必要である。
中間層にカフェイン10mgを含有する3層タブレットの製造
3−a 外層に使用された混合物の製造
各外層は実施例1aで示された単位組成物を含む。
各内層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
カフェイン(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
ガムベース(フララーPGモンドTA) 500.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 5.00 mg
ミント香味料(ペパーミント) 10.00 mg
アスパルテーム 5.00 mg
総重量 550.00 mg
香味料、アスパルテーム及びタルクを、カフェインと混合したガムベースに加え、混合を10分間続けた。次いで、他の賦形剤を添加し、混合をさらに20分間続け、均一な、流動体を有する混合物を生成する。
3−a及び3−bの段落で説明したように、ならびに公知の製造方法によって得られた粉末混合物を、3層タブレットを形成するのに適する回転タブレット圧縮機の3つの装填ホッパーに装填する(例えば、マネスティー層−圧縮機、リバプール、英国)。完成したシステムの全重量は、カフェイン10mgの含量に相当し、よって、984.00mgである。
チューインガムからの活性成分の放出を確認するために、タブレットを3人の志願者のパネルによって試験した。各試験のために、志願者に所定時間ガムの1片を咀嚼することを依頼した。その後、ガムを粉にし、活性成分含量を分析した。インビボ試験を、以下の咀嚼時間で行った。5、10、15、20、30及び40分間。ガムの残渣を秤量し、凍結し、最後に粉にした。次いで、この粉末の正確な重量を、米国薬局方に従って、溶解液として、37℃の1000mlの水と、100rpmのパドルとを用いて、溶解試験に付した。試験を、273nmで操作する、分光測定法によって行った。インビボで放出した活性成分の量を、医薬剤形中に存在する量から、残渣中のカフェインの量を差し引くことにより測定した。
中間層に塩酸ベンジダミン3mgを含有する3層タブレット(チューインガム)のセットの製造
4−a 外層に使用された混合物の製造
各外層は以下の割合の組成物を含む。
イソマルト 85.10 %
フルクトース(シー、エルバ) 7.66 %
タルク(シー、エルバ) 2.13 %
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 0.85 %
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 2.13 %
ミント香味料(ペパーミント) 2.13 %
総重量 100.00%
他の成分の全てを、イソマルト及びコロイダルシリカの混合物に添加し、20分間混合を続け、均一で、流動性を有する混合物を生成し、その後、以下に示す圧縮段階に付した。
各内層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
塩酸ベンジダミン 3.00 mg
ガムベース(フララーPGモンドTA) 450.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 5.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 2.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 5.00 mg
ミント香味料(ギバウダン ローラ) 5.00 mg
レモン香味料(ギバウダン ローラ) 10.00 mg
アスパルテーム 10.00 mg
総重量 490.00 mg
全ての成分を、予め25メッシュのグリッド(710ミクロンに相当)によって篩過し、適当なミキサーに入れ、20分間攪拌した後、均一で、流動性のある混合物を得、それを、段落4−cに記載した圧縮段階に付した。
4−a及び4−bの段落で説明したように、ならびに公知の製造方法によって得られた粉末混合物を、3層タブレットを形成するのに適する回転タブレット圧縮機の3つの装填ホッパーに装填する(例えば、マネスティー層−圧縮機、リバプール、英国)。完成したシステムの全重量は、塩酸ベンジダミン3mgの含量に相当し、よって、990mgである。圧縮プロセスは、容易に、高生産量で、ポンチに付着することなく進行する。得られたタブレットは、滑らかで、光沢のある表面を有する。咀嚼におけるそれらの感覚受容特性は、以下のようである。急速なガム形成時間、ガムは優れた稠度を有し、咀嚼可能体積は快適であり、わずかに収斂味があるが、後味がない。
層2中にレボドパ50mgと、層3にカルビドパ12.5mgとを含む4層タブレットの製造
5−a 第1及び第4層用の混合物の製造
各外層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
フルクト−オリゴサッカライド 150.00 mg
フルクトース(シー、エルバ) 10.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 5.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 1.00 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シロイド244−グレース) 2.00 mg
チョコレート香味料(ギバウダン ローラ) 10.00 mg
ヘーゼルナッツ香味料(ギバウダン ローラ) 5.00 mg
総重量 183.00 mg
全ての予め篩過した成分を、適当な容器に入れ、20分間混合する。次いで、均一で、流動性のある混合物を、以下に示す圧縮段階に付す。
中間層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
レボドパ 50.00 mg
ガムベース(フララーユニーク90%) 250.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 2.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(ギバウダン ローラ) 0.50 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 1.00 mg
チョコレート香味料(ギバウダン ローラ) 5.00 mg
総重量 308.50 mg
全ての成分を、予め25メッシュのグリッド(710ミクロンに相当)によって篩過し、適当なミキサーに入れ、20分間攪拌した後、均一で、流動性のある混合物を得、それを、段落5−dに記載した圧縮段階に付した。
中間層は以下の単位組成物を含む。
カルビドパ 12.50 mg
ガムベース(フララーユニーク90%) 250.00 mg
タルク(シー、エルバ) 2.00 mg
コロイダルシリカ(シロイド244−グレース) 0.50 mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム(シー、エルバ) 1.00 mg
チョコレート香味料(ギバウダン ローラ) 5.00 mg
総重量 271.00 mg
全ての成分を、予め25メッシュのグリッド(710ミクロンに相当)によって篩過し、適当なミキサーに入れ、20分間攪拌した後、均一で、流動性のある混合物を得、それを、段落5−dに記載した圧縮段階に付した。
5−a、5−b及び5−cの段落で説明したように、ならびに公知の製造方法によって得られた粉末混合物を、多層タブレットを形成するのに適する回転タブレット圧縮機の装填ホッパーに装填する(例えば、コーシェ)。特に、段落5−aで記載された混合物を第1及び第4ホッパに装填し、段落5−bに記載された混合物を第2ホッパーに装填し、段落5−cで記載された混合物を第3ホッパに装填する。タブレット圧縮機は、12.0mmの直径の凸状の円形のポンチを装備し、段落5−aに記載された混合物183mgの第1層、308.5mg(50mgのレボドパに相当)の第2層、271mg(12.5mgのカルビドパに相当)の第3層及び段落5−aに記載された混合物183mgの第4層からなる4層システムを生成するために調整する。第1及び第4層に含まれる量は、約1.5mm厚の層を生成するために十分かつ必要である。完成したシステムの全重量は、レボドパ50mg及びカルビドパ12.5mgの含量に相当し、よって945mgである。圧縮プロセスは、容易に、高生産量で、ポンチに付着することなく進行する。得られたタブレットは、滑らかで、光沢のある表面を有する。咀嚼におけるそれらの感覚受容特性は、以下のようである。快い風味及び急速なガム形成時間、ガムは優れた稠度を有し、咀嚼可能体積は快適であり、わずかに収斂味があるが、後味がない。
Claims (9)
- ガムベースを含む少なくとも1つの内層と、
イソマルト、マルトール、マルトデキストリン、マルチトール、マンニトール、キシリトール、ラクチトール、ラクトース、スキムミルク、エリトリトール、オリゴフルクトース、レトログレード・スターチ、ポリソルベート、ポリエチレンオキサイド、デキストラン、シクロデキストリン、オリゴサッカロース、フルクトース、硬化スターチ・ヒドロシレートから選択される抗付着賦形剤/圧縮補助剤を含む外層とを備え、
1以上の活性医薬、栄養分又は栄養性の成分を含有するタブレットであって、
該タブレットは、前記外層が内層の上部及び下部に配置し、前記内層の側面は前記外層で被覆されていないサンドイッチ様構造を有し、
各層の異なる成分の混合物又は顆粒の直接圧縮によって得られてなることを特徴とするタブレット。 - 2、3又はそれ以上のガムベースの内層を含み、それぞれは、他の層に存在するものと同一又は異なる活性成分を含有している請求項1のタブレット。
- 同じ又は異なる活性成分が、抗付着賦形剤/圧縮補助剤を含む1以上の外層に存在する請求項1又は2に記載されたタブレット。
- 活性成分が、鎮痛、解熱、麻酔、抗アレルギー、抗炎症、抗真菌及び気管支拡張剤薬、抗生物質、心血管系に活性な薬物、充血除去薬、消毒剤、去痰剤、粘液溶解薬、咳止め、食欲抑制、鎮痙薬、プロバイオティクス、プレバイオチクス、酵素及び栄養補助食品から選択される請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載されたタブレット。
- 活性成分含量が、活性成分を含む層に対して0.5重量%〜90重量%である請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載されたタブレット。
- ガムベースを含む内層が、ソルビトール、キシリトール、マルチトール、イソマルト、マルトール、マンニトール、マルトデキストリン及びシクロデキストリンからなる群から選択される流動化剤を含有する請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載されたタブレット。
- 流動化剤は、0.5から70.0重量%の割合で存在する請求項6のタブレット。
- マルチホッパー装置において、ガムベース組成物を、室温で直接タブレット化に付すタブレットの製造方法であって、
まず、第1のホッパーから、イソマルト、マルトール、マルトデキストリン、マルチトール、マンニトール、キシリトール、ラクチトール、ラクトース、スキムミルク、エリトリトール、オリゴフルクトース、レトログレード・スターチ、ポリソルベート、ポリエチレンオキサイド、デキストラン、シクロデキストリン、オリゴサッカロース、フルクトース及び硬化スターチ・ヒドロシレートから選択される抗付着賦形剤が圧縮ダイに供給され、
続いて、別のホッパーからガムベースが、次いで、第3ホッパーから抗付着賦形剤が供給され、
得られた層を圧縮することを含むタブレットの製造方法。 - 請求項8の方法によって得られるタブレット。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03003813A EP1449525A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 | 2003-02-20 | chewing gum in the form of multi-layer tablets |
EP03003813.7 | 2003-02-20 | ||
PCT/EP2004/000371 WO2004073691A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-01-20 | Chewing gum in the form of multi-layer tablets |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2006520751A JP2006520751A (ja) | 2006-09-14 |
JP2006520751A5 JP2006520751A5 (ja) | 2007-02-15 |
JP5214142B2 true JP5214142B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
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JP2006501559A Expired - Lifetime JP5214142B2 (ja) | 2003-02-20 | 2004-01-20 | 多層タブレット型チューインガム |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9216157B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1449525A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5214142B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1750814B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE380021T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2518528C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004010493T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2295817T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004073691A1 (ja) |
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-
2003
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03003813A patent/EP1449525A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-01-20 WO PCT/EP2004/000371 patent/WO2004073691A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-01-20 ES ES04703370T patent/ES2295817T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-20 CN CN2004800044682A patent/CN1750814B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-20 JP JP2006501559A patent/JP5214142B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-20 AT AT04703370T patent/ATE380021T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-20 DE DE602004010493T patent/DE602004010493T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-20 US US10/545,348 patent/US9216157B2/en active Active
- 2004-01-20 CA CA2518528A patent/CA2518528C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-20 EP EP04703370A patent/EP1594478B1/en not_active Revoked
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20060204451A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
ATE380021T1 (de) | 2007-12-15 |
DE602004010493T2 (de) | 2008-12-11 |
JP2006520751A (ja) | 2006-09-14 |
DE602004010493D1 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
ES2295817T3 (es) | 2008-04-16 |
CN1750814A (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
CA2518528C (en) | 2012-11-06 |
WO2004073691A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
EP1594478A1 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
CN1750814B (zh) | 2010-05-12 |
EP1594478B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
CA2518528A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
EP1449525A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
US9216157B2 (en) | 2015-12-22 |
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