JP5210585B2 - 焼結体の製造方法及びこの焼結体の製造方法により製造されるネオジム鉄ボロン系焼結磁石 - Google Patents
焼結体の製造方法及びこの焼結体の製造方法により製造されるネオジム鉄ボロン系焼結磁石 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5210585B2 JP5210585B2 JP2007255162A JP2007255162A JP5210585B2 JP 5210585 B2 JP5210585 B2 JP 5210585B2 JP 2007255162 A JP2007255162 A JP 2007255162A JP 2007255162 A JP2007255162 A JP 2007255162A JP 5210585 B2 JP5210585 B2 JP 5210585B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001883 metal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- JZQOJFLIJNRDHK-CMDGGOBGSA-N alpha-irone Chemical compound CC1CC=C(C)C(\C=C\C(C)=O)C1(C)C JZQOJFLIJNRDHK-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 Al Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
3 真空チャンバ
4 焼結体ケース
4a 処理室
5 加熱手段
6 トラップ板
S1 一次焼結体(焼結磁石)
R (希土類)元素
10 真空蒸気処理装置
12 真空チャンバ
13 加熱手段
16 処理箱
16a 処理室
S2 二次焼結体(焼結磁石)
V 金属蒸発材料(Dy、Tb)
Claims (8)
- 液相焼結により一次焼結体を得た後、この一次焼結体を、液相成分のうち蒸気圧の高い特定元素を優先的に蒸発させることができる温度より高く、かつ、焼結温度より低い温度にて真空雰囲気中で加熱することにより、液相の体積比を減少あるいは消滅させて二次焼結体を得る第一工程と、
前記二次焼結体を焼結温度より低い温度にて真空雰囲気中で加熱すると共に、真空雰囲気中で、ジスプロシウム、テルビウムまたはこれらのいずれか一方を含む合金で構成される金属蒸発材料を加熱して蒸発させ、この蒸発した金属原子を二次焼結体表面に付着させ、この付着した金属原子を二次焼結体の結晶粒界相に拡散させる第二工程とを含み、
前記一次焼結体は、ストリップキャスティング法あるいは遠心鋳造法で原料合金を製造し、その後、粉砕、磁場成形、焼結の各工程を経て得たものであり、この原料合金は、ネオジム、プラセオジム及びテルビウムのうち少なくとも1つを含む希土類元素を有するネオジム鉄ボロン系焼結磁石用のものであり、希土類元素の含有量を28.5重量%以上30重量%以下とし、第一工程で蒸発させる特定元素を希土類元素とし、
前記第一工程での希土類元素の蒸発によって、希土類元素の含有量を28.5%未満に減らすか、または、希土類元素の平均濃度の減少量を0.5重量%以上とし、
前記第二工程の際、前記付着した金属原子を、二次焼結体表面に金属蒸発材料からなる薄膜が形成される前に二次焼結体の結晶粒界相に拡散させることを特徴とする焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記一次焼結体の加熱温度を、900℃以上に設定することを特徴とする請求項1記載の焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記真空雰囲気の圧力を、10−3Pa以下に設定することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記第一工程にて蒸発した希土類元素をトラップする機構を設け、回収することを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記二次焼結体と金属蒸発材料とを相互に離間して配置することを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記第二工程にて、加熱前の金属蒸発材料の比表面積を変化させて一定温度下における蒸発量を増減して、蒸発した金属原子の二次焼結体表面への供給量を調節して当該二次焼結体に金属蒸発材料を付着させることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記第二工程にて、金属蒸発材料を蒸発させるときの蒸気圧を変化させて、蒸発した金属原子の二次焼結体表面への供給量を調節して当該二次焼結体に金属蒸発材料を付着させることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の焼結体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって製造されることを特徴とするネオジム鉄ボロン系焼結磁石。
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JP7021577B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2022-02-17 | 日立金属株式会社 | R-t-b系焼結磁石の製造方法 |
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JP2003224007A (ja) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | 異方性希土類磁石粉末とその製造方法 |
EP2899726B1 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2018-02-21 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | R-fe-b rare earth sintered magnet |
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