JP5190601B2 - Algae reef unit and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an algae reef unit and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to an algae reef unit and a method for producing the algae reef unit that have both a nutrient supply function and a function of promoting algae growth and can also control nutrient supply.

  In recent years, in the coastal areas of various parts of the country, the progress of so-called “burnt sea”, where the seaweed beds disappear due to various factors, is expanding. As a result of this burning, the seafood that uses the seaweed basin as a place of life has been greatly reduced. As a result, coastal fisheries have been hit hard, and urgent measures are required.

  There are various theories about the cause of firewood burning, but one of them is firewood burning due to undernourished sea conditions. Therefore, techniques for nurturing them by supplying seaweed nutrients have been proposed in the past. In other words, it is algae reef technology. For example, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 described later, algae is intermediately grown using a structure made of concrete or the like, and the grown algae are transferred to the seabed and fixed to create a seaweed bed. Thereby, it is said that the food damage by sea urchins etc. can be prevented effectively.

  The technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 is to supply liquid nutrients in a block-shaped container using unglazed earthenware or bricks and supply the liquid nutrients to the outside, thereby providing nutrients for seaweed. Thereby, the growth of seaweed can be promoted.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-101786 “Algae Field Construction Method, Seaweed Field Reef, Growing Member, and Seaweed Field Reef Maintenance Method” JP 2003-116399 A “Seaweed Vegetation Block”

  However, even if the technology of Patent Document 1 can prevent feeding damage caused by sea urchins and the like, it does not have any function of providing nutrients at all. It is not a burning countermeasure technology. Moreover, according to the technique of patent document 2, although the action of further growth promotion by the nutrient imparting function can be expected for the seaweed that has already been grown and nurtured, in order to rely on the growth due to natural growth, The effect of algae is poor and the effect is not improved.

  Therefore, it is not possible to expect the seaweed growth and nurturing action at an essential initial stage, which is also a problem as a technique for preventing burning of firewood. Furthermore, since the nutrient supply technology of Patent Document 2 uses a liquid, it is easy for the nutrients to elute at a stretch, and the effect of a slow-acting nutrient supply over a long period cannot be obtained. There may be overgrowth and other harmful effects. In light of the above, there is a strong demand for countermeasure technology that can effectively prevent the burning of firewood that has spread to coastal areas in Japan.

  On the other hand, if we turn our eyes to the problem of industrial waste and the environment, there are concerns about the impact of unused resources on the environment, such as low-value by-products and waste generated in the agricultural, forestry and fisheries field. Effective utilization of such unused resources is an important issue especially in the local economy and industry. Development of new uses for thinned wood and livestock excreta and increased demand are also one of the specific issues. However, while efforts have been made, it has not yet led to increased demand.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is an algae reef unit, which is a technique for preventing burning by burning, which has both a nutrient supply function and a function of promoting the growth of algae, and can also control the supply of nutrients, except for the problems of the prior art. And a method of manufacturing the same. And, it is to provide a means for solving such problems by effectively utilizing thinned wood and livestock waste that does not progress in new application development and demand expansion. In other words, it is to provide effective anti-burning technology by making great use of unused resources that are generated in large quantities and are in need of processing.

  As a result of repeating the design, trial production, and experimentation of the algal reef unit, the present inventor of the present application formed solid nutrients using wood carbonized chips and carbonized chicken manure that can become algae nutrients. The present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by attaching seedlings of algae to the shell, or a structure for further increasing the supply of slow-acting nutrients. That is, the invention claimed in the present application, or at least the disclosed invention, as means for solving the above-described problems is as follows.

(1) An algae reef unit comprising a nutrient supply unit for supplying nutrients for algae growth and a main body provided surrounding the nutrient supply unit, wherein the nutrient supply unit is a solid solid The nutrient is supplied by eluting from the solid nutrient out of the main body, and the main body is an upper covering provided above the solid nutrient, below the solid nutrient. A lower covering provided on the side of the solid nutrient and a side covering provided on the side of the solid nutrient, the side covering having a structure capable of eluting nutrients from the solid nutrient, The upper covering is composed of a base body made of concrete, porous concrete or other perforated material capable of leaching nutrients from the solid nutrient body, and wood or other impervious materials provided on the lower side of the base body material. A seaweed reef unit characterized by comprising a plate material That. (2) The algal reef unit according to (1), wherein the side covering body is made of wood or other impermeable board material.

(3) The algae reef unit according to (1) or (2), wherein the lower covering is made of wood or other impermeable board.
(4) The algal reef unit according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the solid nutrient body is composed of biomass carbide.
(5) The algal reef unit according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the solid nutrient body is configured by a thinned product of one or a plurality of biomass carbide materials.
(6) The solid nutrient body is configured by using a solidified one or a plurality of biomass carbide material containing a woody material, (1) to (3) The algal reef unit according to any one of the above.

  (7) The alga reef unit according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the upper covering body is provided with a seed yarn attaching portion for attaching a seed yarn.
(8) A method for producing the algal reef unit according to (1), wherein a nutrient supply unit for supplying algae-growing nutrients is obtained by solidifying one or a plurality of biomass carbide material refinements. It is constituted by using one or a plurality of carbide structures, and the nutrient supply part is covered with a lower covering from the lower side and a side covering from the side, and an upper covering is provided on the upper side, A method for producing an algal reef unit, characterized in that a main body surrounding the nutrient supply unit is formed by the lower covering body, the side covering body, and the upper covering body.
  (9) In order to suppress nutrient elution from the nutrient supply unit, wood or other impermeable board material is used for any of the upper covering body, the side covering body, and the lower covering body, The manufacturing method of the algal reef unit as described in (8).

  Since the algal reef unit and the method for producing the same according to the present invention are configured as described above, according to this, it has both a nutrient supply function and a function of promoting the growth of algae, and can also control the nutrient supply. Prevention technology can be provided. In addition, it is possible to greatly promote the effective use of thinned wood and livestock waste, where development of new applications and expansion of demand has not progressed in the past. As a result, it is possible to make effective use of unused burning such as waste generated in large quantities to effectively eliminate burning.

  That is, the algal reef unit according to the present invention has a nutrient elution rate adjustment function by using a solid nutrient as a nutrient supply function. Such a function can be further enhanced by devising materials used for the structure of the unit. Moreover, as a nutrient supply function, biomass carbide which has been generated in a large amount and has been insufficient in its effective use can be suitably used.

  Furthermore, by making it possible to attach seed yarns, it is possible to accelerate and promote algae growth and establishment. Further, the intermediate growth can be sufficiently performed by supplying nutrients that effectively utilize waste biomass rich in organic matter mainly composed of N, P, and K, and the subsequent growth can be greatly promoted. After intermediately growing seaweed with the algal reef unit of the present invention, fixing or dropping the seaweed onto the seabed allows for the creation of an underwater forest, thereby effectively eliminating firewood burning.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional conceptual diagram showing a plurality of basic configuration examples of the algal reef unit of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the present algal reef units 1, 1 B,... Are solid solid nutrient bodies 2, 2 B,... Serving as nutrient supply parts for supplying algae-growing nutrients. The body 3, 3 B,... Provided in a surrounding manner, and the nutrients are eluted from the solid bodies 2, 2 B,. The main configuration is to be supplied in Here, the solid nutrient bodies 2, 2B,... Are nutrient sources for the algae, and the main bodies 3, 3B,... Protect and support the algae. Or, depending on its structure, it also functions as a regulator that delays external elution of nutrients.

  As shown in each example, the algal reef units 1, 1B, ... are also the main bodies 3, 3B, ..., the upper covering 4 provided above the solid nutrient bodies 2, 2B, ... , 4B,..., And lower covering bodies 5, 5B,... Provided below the solid nutrient bodies 2, 2B,. The upper coverings 4, 4B,... Play an important function as a basis for engraftment of the algae to be grown and intermediate growth, as well as protecting the solid nutrients 2, 2B,. Further, the lower coverings 5, 5B,... Mainly function to support and protect the solid nutrient bodies 2, 2B,.

  The specific structure of the main bodies 3, 3B,... Will be described later, but in any case, the strength capable of sufficiently protecting and supporting the solid nutrients 2, 2B,. And the solid nutrients 2, 2B,... Are gradually eluted in water and do not prevent the nutrients from being supplied to the outside. Material is used. In addition, as such a material, the main bodies 3, 3 </ b> B,... When materials are used in combination, their types, combinations, application locations, etc. are not limited. However, as will be described later in Examples and the like, there are practical or preferable configuration examples.

  In FIG. 1, the algal reef unit 1 is a configuration example in which a solid nutrient body 2 is surrounded by a main body 3 in all directions. In other words, the solid nutrient body 2 is enclosed in the main body 3. Further, the algal reef unit 1B is a configuration example in which only the upper and lower sides are surrounded by the upper covering body 4B and the lower covering body 5B, and a part or all of the lateral side of the solid nutrient body 2B is exposed. In other words, the solid nutrient body 2B is sandwiched between the main bodies 3B.

  The alga reef unit 1C is surrounded by the top, bottom, left and right when used as an algae reef. However, the upper covering 4C can be detached as a lid, so that the solid nutrient 2C can be stored, taken out, or maintained. This is a configuration example having a convenient structure. The alga reef unit 1D is surrounded by the top, bottom, left and right when used as an algae reef, but the side portions can be detached, thereby making it convenient for storing, taking out, or maintaining the solid nutrient 2D. This is a configuration example.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional conceptual diagram showing the element configuration of the algal reef unit of the present invention that surrounds the whole of the solid nutrient body with the main body. As shown in the figure, in the present algal reef unit 21, the main body includes a side covering 26 provided on the side of the solid nutrient body 22 in addition to the upper covering 24 and the lower covering 25. is there. The side covering 26 has a structure capable of elution of nutrients from the solid nutrient body 22.

  There are various methods for making such a structure capable of elution of nutrients. For example, the side cover 26 is configured using a porous material having a large number of pores capable of elution of nutrients, or even if the material itself does not have a structure capable of substantially elution of nutrients. There is also a method of forming a structure capable of elution of nutrients by performing a perforation process on the same.

  However, more simply, a material that does not substantially have a structure capable of eluting nutrients, that is, a water-impermeable material, is used to surround the solid nutrient body 22 with a gap such as a seam that can elute nutrients. It can be set as the method which was formed. That is, as the side covering 26, wood or other impermeable plate material may be used to form an enclosed structure with a gap. By appropriately designing the size, form, number, etc. of the gaps, the nutrient elution rate from the solid nutrient body 22 can be adjusted and set in advance.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the algal reef unit of the present invention using a porous material for the upper covering. As shown in the figure, in the present algal reef unit 31, the upper covering 34 is configured to include a base body 34 </ b> A made of concrete capable of elution of nutrients from the solid nutrient body 32, porous concrete, or other porous material. . Thus, nutrients can be eluted upward from the solid nutrient body 32 through the base body 34A made of a porous material, and the algae on the base body 34A is greatly promoted by such nutrient supply.

  In the figure, although described as a configuration provided with a water-impermeable plate member 34B and a side cover 36 which will be described later, a configuration in which all or a part thereof is not provided is also within the scope of the present invention. is there. In addition, by not providing all or a part of these, the elution of nutrients to the side or upward is further promoted depending on the mode.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the upper covering 34 may have a configuration in which a wood or other impermeable board material 34 </ b> B is provided below the material of the base body 34 </ b> A. In this case, the plate material 34B does not completely seal the solid nutrient body 32 and makes it impossible to elute the nutrients upward, but by providing an appropriate gap to form the surrounding state of the solid nutrient body 32, The adjustment which delays a nutrient elution rate is enabled, and the survival of the algae to the base body 34A, and subsequent intermediate growth can be made favorable.

  As the lower covering and the side covering constituting the algal reef unit of the present invention, wood and other impermeable board materials can be preferably used. However, it is not intended to exclude other materials, and for example, concrete or porous concrete shown as an example of the above-described upper covering may be used. When a porous material such as porous concrete is used as the side covering, it can also function as an algae growth and growth base.

  Biomass carbide can be used as the solid nutrient of the algal reef unit of the present invention. For example, as will be shown later, those containing unused ingredients that are effective in growing algae among abundant resources generated in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, such as those using charcoal from chicken manure and thinned wood, Alternatively, it can be used in combination by forming a solid.

  For example, as a solid nutrient body, it can be comprised using the refinement | purification thing of one or several biomass carbide materials. Use as such a refined product is convenient not only for homogenizing solid nutrients but also in the production process. Here, “thinning” does not particularly limit the size and shape, and so-called flakes, granules, pellets, or appropriate aggregate forms thereof all correspond to the thinned product.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a solid nutrient body used in the algal reef unit of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the solid nutrient body 42A may be formed in a form (a) obtained by solidifying a thinned product of one or a plurality of biomass carbide materials including a woody system into one lump, or as such. Alternatively, in the drawing, a plurality of boards 47 may be used and stacked to form a solid nutrient body 42B (b). When used as the board 47, it is possible to easily design an algal reef of a desired size and scale according to the degree of burning, the size of the sea area to be used, or the type of algae to be grown. It is. In addition, as a solid nutrient body according to the present invention, in addition to a solid form having a certain shape as described above, a form in which the above-described thinned product is accommodated in, for example, a water-permeable container or package. It is not excluded.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of the algal reef unit of the present invention provided with a seed yarn attaching portion. As shown in the figure, this unit 51 has a configuration in which seed yarn attaching portions 58, 58,... The number of seed yarn attaching portions is an example and is not limited. In this example, the solid nutrient body 52 is completely enclosed and enclosed in the top, bottom, left and right.

  With this configuration, it is possible to attach the seed yarn to which the seeds of the algae to be cultivated are attached to the seed yarn attaching portion 58, whereby the algae can be attached from the inside of the unit 51 to the side covering, the upper covering, or the covering thereof. By receiving the supply of nutrients eluted through both, it can be easily established and grown on the upper covering.

  First, the algal reef unit of the present invention is formed by using a plurality of carbide structures 42A or boards 47 obtained by solidifying the solid nutrients of one or a plurality of biomass carbide materials as shown in FIG. Composed of a carbide structure 42B, which is covered from below by a lower covering, and from the side as required by a side covering, and an upper covering is provided above. It can manufacture by forming the surrounding state with respect to this solid nutrient body.

  As described above, in order to suppress the elution of nutrients from the solid nutrient body, wood and other impermeable boards can be used for the upper covering body, the side covering body, and the lower covering body. is there. Further, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it is also possible to use a porous material such as porous concrete for the upper covering, or for the side covering or the lower covering.

Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.
<1 Carbide board using unused resources = Production of solid nutrients>
For the purpose of utilizing unused resources, a carbide board was prepared by mixing wood carbonized chips and chicken manure carbide. The carbide board production method was based on the technology of the inventors of the present application (Iwate Prefectural Industrial Technology Center Research Report, 12, p133-136 (2005)). In addition, a thinning material can be used as a raw material of a wood carbonization chip | tip.

<1-1 Examination of binder>
Conventionally, it has been found from the above reports and the like that agricultural waste polyethylene (hereinafter referred to as PE) or biodegradable resin (polylactic acid) is suitable as a binder to be used in plate making. Since the environmental load of PE has not been confirmed, PE was used as a binder from the viewpoint of effective utilization of waste. However, in the future, the shift from petroleum-derived resources to plant-derived resources is also significant, so the use of polylactic acid, which is a plant-derived biodegradable resin made from lactic acid obtained from starch such as corn, will also be used. Tested.

<1-2 Carbonization with carbonized wood chips and carbonized chicken manure>
A plate making test was performed to obtain the plate making conditions of the carbide board. The steel plate is filled with a mixture obtained by mixing wood carbonized chips (larch), pelleted chicken manure charcoal, and binder with a mixer in an aluminum molding frame of internal method 260X260X10 (unit: mm). Was performed by hot pressing with a hot press. Table 1 shows the plate making conditions.

  In addition, as a target physical property after board making, board strength of the grade which does not interfere with handling operation at the time of unit processing was mentioned. Table 2 shows the blending ratio and board evaluation details during board production.

As shown in Table 2, in the case of the compounding ratio pattern 3, it was confirmed that the board can be optimally manufactured with any of the board strength, the surface shape as the carbide board, and the texture thereof.
FIG. 6 is a photograph of the manufactured carbide board.

<2 Production of algae reef unit>
Several examples of algal reef units were produced using the carbide board produced as described above.
FIG. 7 is a photograph showing the structure of several examples of the algal reef units produced. Table 3 shows the evaluation results of the main body configuration and nutrient elution status in each algal reef unit shown in FIG. Also,
FIG. 8 shows the algal reef unit no. It is a perspective photograph figure of three types of algae reef units.
In FIG. No. 1 is a laminate in which a plurality of the above-mentioned carbide boards are laminated as a solid nutrient, porous concrete is used as an upper covering, a surface carbonized wood board is used as a lower covering, and no side covering is provided. The algal reef unit No. 2 is No.2. In addition to the structure of 1, a plate material having a thickness of about 1 mm is provided between the solid nutrient body and the porous concrete so as to provide an upward nutrient elution adjustment function.

  The algal reef unit No. 3 is the algal reef unit No. In addition to the structure of 1, the surface carbonized wood board is used as the side covering body in order to provide a nutrient elution adjustment function. Similarly, the algal reef unit No. 4 is the algal reef unit no. In addition to the structure of 2, a surface carbonized wood board is used as a side cover to provide a nutrient elution adjustment function. The reason why the surface carbonized wood board is used is to prevent elution of the sap in the wood.

  The direction and thickness of the arrow displayed in each photograph indicate the elution direction and elution scale of nutrients. That is, the algal reef unit No. In Fig. 4, it was shown that adjustment to delay the elution rate of nutrients both upward and laterally is possible. A structure in which nutrients can be gradually eluted to the outside is effective for algae growth. Moreover, as an intermediate growth effect of algae, algae reef No. which is the structure which coat | covered the side part. 3 and 4 have been shown to be particularly good.

  As described above, according to the algal reef unit and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention, it is possible to provide a burning prevention technology that has both a nutrient supply function and a function of promoting algae growth, and is capable of controlling nutrient supply. it can. In addition, according to the algal reef unit of the present invention, it is possible to improve the overgrowth rate, that is, to make the algae overgrowth situation more uniform, and the growth of algal leaf length etc. is better than before It is also possible to make it. Further, by improving the overgrowth rate, it is possible to prevent adhesion of other organisms such as undesirable mussels. Therefore, it is possible to provide a technique that is significantly more effective than conventional methods as a measure against burning.

  Furthermore, as a solid nutrient, for example, carbonized chicken waste, which is waste-based biomass, is used, and thinned wood is used as chips. It is an invention with high utility value.

It is a conceptual diagram of a sectional view showing a plurality of basic configuration examples of the algal reef unit of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram of sectional view which shows the element structure of this invention algal reef unit which surrounds the circumference | surroundings of a solid nutrient body with a main body. It is explanatory drawing of the cross sectional view which shows the structure of this invention algal reef unit which used the porous material for the upper cover. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the solid nutrient body used for this invention algal reef unit. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of this invention algal reef unit provided with the seed yarn attaching part. In an Example, it is a photograph figure of the produced carbide board. In an Example, it is a photograph figure which shows the structure of the several example algal reef unit produced. In the examples, the algal reef unit No. It is a perspective photograph figure of three types of algae reef units.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1B, 1C, 1D, 21, 31, 51 ... Algae reef unit 2, 2B, 2C, 2D, 22, 32, 52 ... Solid nutrition 3, 3B, 3C, 3D, 53 ... Main body 4, 4B, 4C, 4D, 24, 34 ... upper covering 5, 5B, 5C, 5D, 25, 35 ... lower covering

26, 36 ... side covering 34A ... base body 34B ... plate material 42A, 42B ... solid solid nutrient 47 ... board (carbide board)
58 ... Seed thread attachment

Claims (9)

An algae reef unit comprising a nutrient supply part for supplying nutrients for algae growth and a main body provided surrounding the nutrient supply part, wherein the nutrient supply part is a solid solid nutrient body Nutrients are supplied by elution from the solid nutrients to the outside of the main body, and the main body is provided above the solid nutritional body, and is provided below the solid nutritional body. A lower covering, and a side covering provided on a side of the solid nutrient, the side covering having a structure capable of eluting nutrients from the solid nutrient, and the upper covering Is composed of a base body made of a perforated material such as concrete, porous concrete or other porous material capable of elution of nutrients from the solid nutrient body, and a wood or other impermeable board material provided below the base body material. An algal reef unit characterized by 2. The algal reef unit according to claim 1 , wherein the side covering body is made of wood or other impermeable board material. The lower cover body, characterized in that it is constructed from wood and other water-impermeable sheet material, Mo礁unit according to claim 1 or 2. The algal reef unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the solid nutrient body is composed of biomass carbide. The algal reef unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the solid nutrient body is constituted by a thinned product of one or a plurality of biomass carbide materials. 4. The solid nutrient body according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the solid nutrient body is configured by solidifying a thinned product of one or a plurality of biomass carbide materials including a woody system. Algae reef unit. The alga reef unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the upper covering body is provided with a seed yarn attaching portion for attaching a seed yarn. It is a method of manufacturing the algal reef unit according to claim 1, wherein a nutrient supply part for supplying algae-growing nutrients is obtained by solidifying a refined product of one or a plurality of biomass carbide materials. was configured in accordance with one hand more used Rukoto, by the lower cover body from below the nutrient supply, also from the side covered respectively by the side covering member, and an upper cover member provided above, said lower A method for producing an algal reef unit, characterized in that a body surrounding the nutrient supply unit is formed by a covering, the side covering, and the upper covering. To suppress the nutrients elution from the nutrient supply unit, the upper cover member, to both of the side cover member and the lower covering body, which comprises using a timber other impermeable sheet material, according to claim 8 The manufacturing method of the algal reef unit as described in 2.