JP2005143457A - Composite type artificial reef and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite type artificial reef that is made of a combination of concrete and a woody organic material where the component effect of the woody organic material and the pore structure of the porous concrete are optimally combined to provide the composite type artificial reef having the highest alga reef and fish reef effects. <P>SOLUTION: As a base for an artificial reef, is used a porous concrete having continuous pore structure to promote rapid elution of alkali components and the complicated gap structure and the surface properties accompanying the gap structure are utilized as a spaces on which spores of sea weeds or floating sea weeds and fine marine organisms stay to build up an environmental area suitable for marine species. Thus, it can develop the function as a fish reef or a sea weed reef from the early step and can build up fish-passing ways. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is an effective combination of porous or non-porous concrete and woody organic material obtained by forming wood or an organic material other than wood into a wood shape, and has a feeding and fertilizing function, and a fish reef. And a composite type artificial fish reef that can be used effectively as an algal reef.

Oceanic coastal waters generally constitute ecosystems with a diverse group of organisms, and in particular, the algae basin is a place for feeding and laying eggs by marine organisms, and also a place for larval fish, and maintains its environment appropriately. It is important to do. Installation of artificially effective algae reefs and fish reefs in the sea area will not only secure marine products, but also fix CO ₂ as marine forests by seaweed beds, control water quality deterioration, and ensure biodiversity. It is effective in terms of production and environmental protection. In addition, artificial reefs made from composite wood can be expected to have new fields of use.

  Most of the conventional artificial fish reefs are made of reinforced concrete, are solid, and initially installed in the sea, due to the strong alkaline component leaching of the concrete, the growth of marine organisms such as seaweeds and seaweeds and fine organisms is delayed, and seafood It has been pointed out that there are few overgrowth phenomena.

  Examples of fish reefs using conventional wood include, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-225033 (thinning material replacement type underwater forest fish reef) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-169563 (artificial fish reef).

  In the fish reef disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-225033, a wooden pillar is set up on a concrete base, a lattice part made by timber is placed in it, and a storage frame for placing rubble is placed on it. Thus, the storage frame and the lattice portion can be replaced.

  The artificial fish reef disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-169563 is to fill a rectangular container having a through-hole with a filler containing at least one selected from forestry surplus wood, shells, stones, and ropes.

  In addition, Utility Model Registration No. 3042705 discloses that natural stone and wood are embedded in the surface of the retaining wall block. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-172937 discloses a method for improving the durability of a wooden structure fish reef provided in the sea by coating the surface of wood with an inorganic material. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-369638 discloses a method for fixing a fish reef structure by supporting a chemical fertilizer on solidified charcoal. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-258414 discloses that a wooden piece carrying seaweed spores in advance is fixed to a fish reef. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-42742 shows that a specific seaweed, in particular, a vine seedling or a mature rhizome, is directly attached to a structure.

  The fish reefs described in the above publications all use wood as a fish reef characteristic. However, these methods of fixing timber are subject to biodegradation by seawater organisms, etc., especially the joints between concrete and timber and the bolts between timber and timber are separated early and the base and timber are separated. There was a problem of leaving. The separated pieces of wood have been scattered and drifted in the sea, entangled in fishnets, and have been shunned by fishermen as a cause of fishnet damage.

  In addition, the woody fish reef at the beginning of construction was desired to be improved in terms of durability, although its superiority was recognized. In addition, there was also a proposal for a structure in which the members between timbers were covered with a rope or the like in a net shape, but this has been confirmed in experiments that the fish reef function is lowered due to the instinctive habits of fish, including problems. It is out. There is also a proposal for a technical method to replace new timber at the decayed stage, but its realization is difficult both physically and economically.

In addition, conventional artificial artificial reefs and artificial algae reefs cannot be expected to have an early fishing reef function or algae reef function at the beginning of installation due to the influence of the alkaline environment on the surface of the installation object. In addition, conventional artificial reefs using ordinary concrete are dense in quality, difficult to germinate seaweeds, seaweeds, etc., and have no secret place to become a habitat for fine marine organisms.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-225033, page 1, Fig. 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-169563, page 1, FIG. Utility Model Registration No. 3042705, page 1, Fig. 1 JP 2001-172937 A, first page, FIG. JP 2002-369638 A, page 1, FIG. JP 2001-258414 A, page 1, FIG.

  The present invention is based on the combination of concrete and wood-based organic materials in view of the above prior art, and does not cause the wood-based organic materials to easily separate into seawater, realizing advanced feeding and fertilizing functions at an early stage. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite type artificial reef that can be expected to have a positive fish collection effect and a seaweed settlement effect from an early stage and can maintain its function for a long period of time.

  In addition, the present invention is a composite artificial reef that assembles a wooden organic material in a cross-girder shape, casts porous concrete inside, and has a high alkali early removal ability, and a high feeding function and fertilizing function. The purpose is to provide.

  In addition, a cocoon-shaped concrete block is formed with a wooden organic material exposed on the surface. Porous concrete blocks, porous stone, iron ore, ore, natural stone, ceramic-treated charcoal, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite artificial reef having a high proliferation effect in addition to the above-mentioned effects by storing a propagation substrate directly in seawater.

  Furthermore, it is a composite type artificial fish reef that can be used as an artificial fish reef and algae reef with an effective combination of a durable material made of concrete and a wooden organic material, and having a feeding function and fertilization function. From the initial primary form, it is planned that the fish reef components will eventually reach the secondary form while partially undergoing the self-annihilation process by biodegradation, and the extinction part will be used as a passage for fish and fine organisms An object of the present invention is to provide a composite type artificial reef that can significantly increase the reef function.

  Furthermore, when the wood-based organic material is projected from the outer surface of the polyhedron concrete block and is integrally molded, even unspecified logs such as skin, diameter, warp, etc. should be molded uniformly, easily and with high quality. The purpose is to provide a composite artificial reef that can be used.

The composite artificial fish reef using the porous concrete of the present invention that can solve the above-mentioned problems is provided with a wooden block and a wooden organic material fixed to a concrete block forming a polyhedron, with a feeding function and fertilization. It is a composite type artificial reef that has a function and is used as an artificial reef and algae reef.
At least a part or all of the surface portion of the concrete block has a porous concrete finish, and a part or all of the woody organic material is embedded and fixed in the concrete block.

  As the polyhedron, it is preferable to provide an inclined surface or an uneven spherical surface in consideration of the habitat environment of fish, in addition to a rectangular shape composed of only a horizontal surface and a vertical surface. If the wooden organic material is provided on each surface so as to project in the normal direction of the surface, fish, fine organisms and seaweeds can flourish by the wooden organic material protruding from each surface. Forests are generated and the reef effect can be increased.

  The woody organic materials that can be used in the present invention include thinned cedar and the like that have been or have not been sawn, as well as those obtained by molding organic substances into logs. Further, as the thinning material, either a bark attached or a bark removed may be used.

  The porous concrete used in the present invention is obtained by curing and molding an aggregate of a selected size using a binder. The binder agent can be mixed with fertilizer components and zeolites carrying ions such as Fe, Ca, and ammonium.

  Moreover, characteristics, such as a porosity and water permeability, can be changed by changing the crushed stone size in steps of, for example, 10 to 40 mm. Furthermore, these porous concretes having different properties can be changed in properties by combining these or these and ordinary concrete. For example, the one with a large porosity is located on the outer surface, the dense one is located on the inner side, and the outer surface of the fish reef where the reef foundation concrete is exposed directly to the seawater side, and the inner side of the fish reef that is not directly exposed to the seawater side, respectively A double structure having different void structures is preferable.

  This makes it possible to remove alkali early, maintain sufficient strength, and inhabit a large amount of each type of micro-organism that meets the characteristics of each structure, and also store nutrient sources inside be able to.

  In order to fix the woody organic material in the concrete, it is preferable to embed and fix the core part. For all fixing using a fixing material such as embedding or bolt fixing, a fixing material such as a reinforcing bar should be inserted into the core material part and completely fixed. The core part is hard to corrode and remains until the end. The biodegradation does not cause separation during the entire corrosion process, and partial separation or separation does not occur.

  A plurality of insizings can be applied to the outer surface of the woody organic material. Insizing includes drilling with a drill or the like. By these insizing, not only the surface exposure effect can be increased, but also the woody organic material can be impregnated with seaweed spores or a fertilizer component useful for overgrowth thereof through these insizing.

  According to the composite artificial reef of the present invention having the above-described configuration, part or all of the conventional ordinary concrete having a solid quality and having a problem with the physical structure form is replaced with porous concrete. It is possible to improve the adverse effect of the alkaline environment at the beginning of installation, which is a disadvantage, and is excellent in early aquatic organism adhesion. In addition, a large amount of microorganisms or fine organisms can be inhabited in the void structure unique to porous concrete.

The porous porous concrete used in the present invention has a continuous void structure, and voids having a void diameter of about 1.0 mm to 20 mm are continuously present to form a complicated cross-sectional shape. In these spaces, seaweeds, algae, seafood, marine organisms, etc. grow early. In particular, the void structure has spaces with irregular cross-sections that are continuous with each other, and can be manufactured with a continuous void ratio of 20 to 30%. Regarding the water permeability function, the water permeability is 2 to 5 cm per second, extremely high at 160 to 400 cc / (sec · cm ² ) per second, and the water flow is high. Therefore, neutralization is promoted early in the seawater immediately after installation, and fine organisms can be inhabited.

  Polysaccharide components such as wood lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and starch can realize a slow feeding and fertilizing function through the wood pit structure. A plurality of insizing processes are performed on the surface or inside of the wood, and a nutrient solution containing fertilizer components such as nitrogen and phosphoric acid such as Fe and Si that are useful for seaweed and seaweed can be impregnated and contained therein. In addition, it can be used as a stock space for functional micro-organisms such as malic acid as food, micro-organisms that promote fish growth, and micro-organisms that promote decomposition of sludge on the sea floor. In addition to the method of stocking in the vicinity of the surface, it is also possible to adjust the hardening to a warmer type by pressure-injecting the same component into the sapwood portion of the wood. The composite wood can greatly reduce or reduce the alkaline environment in concrete that is leached in the early stage, and can function actively as an inhabiting space for seagull breeding and other marine organisms from an early stage.

  Furthermore, the void structure of the porous concrete becomes a very good habitat space or a fixed space for living organisms in seawater. In other words, the surface of the reef made of porous concrete is remarkably superior to the conventional concrete block in that the surface and the inside thereof are populated by organisms such as algae, polychaetes such as sandworms, and mollusks. Grown micro-organisms serve as fish food.

  Moreover, since the void structure of porous concrete exhibits a complex surface shape as it is, it is not limited to the inside thereof, and various organisms can adhere to the depressions on the surface. In the conventional artificial reef base made of ordinary concrete, which is a dense structure, even if seaweeds and spores drifting in the sea drift to the fixed object, the base is smooth, leading to germination on that basis, and further to there It is difficult to stretch and fix the rhizome. However, the porous concrete has a physical function called the 'tangled' effect caused by floating seaweed and spore drifting in the depressions and holes that are the surface characteristics associated with the void structure, and can exert a reliable breeding base function . Moreover, the surface habitat of various creatures is the entrance to the habitat that leads directly into the interior. Therefore, it can be set as a living space of various creatures with depth. As described above, the porous concrete exhibits an excellent algae field function for efficiently fixing the free spores released by the seaweed during the reproductive period, thereby enhancing the feeding function.

  In the present invention, an organic structural material such as wood is effectively combined with porous porous concrete, so that polysaccharide components such as cellulose and hemicellulose provide a food chain function to marine organisms including bark beetles and beetles, It provides a suitable environmental zone for various underwater creatures and underwater plankton, and can exhibit fishing reef and algae reef functions from an early stage.

  Since wood such as cedar is a porous material called a pit structure, the sapwood portion has a high water absorption particularly because the pit structure was a moisture and nutrient trapping path from the growth process of the wood. In the present invention, for the purpose of stocking various ions and chemical fertilizer components that are effective directly or indirectly using this property, a stock space by physical insizing or the like is provided in the vicinity of the surface of the wood. Can be loaded with seaweed spores. Thereby, the stocked component can be released slowly and the algae can be grown.

Next, the cross girder-shaped composite artificial reef of the present invention is a concrete block made of polyhedron, which is provided with a wooden organic material fixed by protruding from its outer surface and having a feeding function and a fertilizing function. And a composite artificial fish reef used as an algae reef,
The wood-based organic material is assembled in a cross-beam shape, and porous concrete is disposed therein, so that the porous concrete is exposed to the seawater side through the gap between the cross-beams. Similar to the porous concrete already shown, the outer surface of the reef that the reef base concrete is exposed directly to the seawater side and the inner side of the reef that is not directly exposed to the seawater side may have a double structure with different void structures. it can.

  It is preferable that the wood-based organic materials composing the wells are bolted to each other through the core portion. Porous concrete to be placed inside can be combined with other porous concrete or ordinary concrete to form a double or triple structure.

  As the growth substrate, porous concrete blocks having a diameter of 10 to 30 cm, porous stone such as natural zeolite, iron ore, iron slag, natural stone, ceramic-treated charcoal covered with ceramics, and the like can be used. The woody organic material may contain fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and iron ions.

The cocoon-shaped composite artificial reef of the present invention is a polyhedron concrete block that protrudes from its outer surface and is embedded with a wood-based organic material, and has a feeding function and a fertilization function. It is a composite type artificial fish reef used as
A wood-like concrete block is formed with the woody organic material exposed on the surface, and a propagating group such as a porous concrete block, porous stone, iron ore, ore, natural stone, and ceramic-treated charcoal is formed in the space structure portion inside the block. The material is stored in direct contact with water. It is also possible to form the ridge shape only with a log of a wood-based organic material. It is also possible to form a combination of log and concrete in such a way that the side of the log is exposed. Furthermore, it is also possible to form a bowl shape with porous concrete and to make the tip of the log protrude from it.

  Fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and iron ions can be contained in the growth base material or the woody organic material. When the log side is exposed, the width of the exposed part is preferably about half of the log diameter. Detachment from the main body due to mutual bolting through the core material can be prevented, but if the contact portion between the log and the bowl shape is reverse taper shape, the separation can be completely prevented.

  The composite artificial fish reef capable of generating a secondary passage according to the present invention is formed by effectively combining a durable material made of concrete and a woody organic material, and has a feeding function and a fertilization function. It is a composite type artificial fish reef used as, and it is planned that the constituent part of the reef will eventually reach the secondary form through the self-annihilation process due to biodegradation from the primary form at the beginning of molding The woody organic material is applied to the passage portion according to the secondary form so that the extinct portion becomes a passage for fish and fine organisms. The passage according to the secondary form may be L-shaped or T-shaped. In addition, the passage according to the secondary form may have a shape communicating with adjacent passages.

  After the woody organic material disappears, the passage according to the secondary form can be formed, so that the habitat of fine organisms including fish can be increased, and the functions of the fish reef and algae reef can be further enhanced.

The method of making a composite type artificial fish reef according to the present invention is to provide a polyhedral concrete block by projecting from its outer surface by embedding and fixing a wood-based organic material, providing a feeding function and a fertilizing function, and providing an artificial fish reef and algae reef. It is a method of making a composite type artificial fish reef used as
The wooden organic material is set in a mold, and the concrete is filled with concrete, placed, and cured, and is integrally molded.
Providing a hole having a dimension sufficiently larger than the diameter of the wooden organic material at a position where the wooden organic material protrudes from the mold;
A plate-like cover member that covers the hole is provided on the surface of the mold,
The plate-like cover member has a divided structure, and a predetermined hole having a constant diameter defined by a value smaller than the diameter of the woody organic material is provided at the center thereof,
In accordance with the diameter of the prescribed hole, the equivalent position of the cover member of the wood-based organic material is subjected to an equal diameter treatment slightly larger than the dimension of the prescribed hole,
When setting the equal diameter treated wood diameter organic material to the mold, the plate cover member is fitted and interposed in the equal diameter treated portion and fixed to the mold, and then the concrete is cast. It is characterized by doing.

  When the wood-based organic material is a thinned log, the logs have different diameters at the front end and the end, have warping and bending, and are not necessarily constant. Therefore, in the present invention, it is possible to perform an equal diameter process on the log, and to process the heterogeneous log with a fixed shape using a plate-like cover member.

  In the finish after the concrete is cast, after removing the plate-like cover member, the equal diameter treated portion of the log is exposed, but there is no problem in strength because the cutting process to the core material is not performed. By these processes, the amount of emptying and the direction can be made constant, and the amount buried can be made constant. As a device for carrying out equal diameter processing, a circular saw capable of cutting the diameter of the equal diameter processing width, a pair of clamp devices capable of supporting both ends of the log by defining an axis, and a log clamped by the clamp device are rotated. It can be composed of a rotating device. By rotating the clamped log and cutting it with a circular saw, it is possible to cut a groove of equal diameter processing around the axis at a fixed position of the log. The size of the equal diameter treatment can be appropriately determined to be 15, 20, 25 cm, etc. In the equal diameter treatment, the core material is not cut from the viewpoint of maintaining strength.

  The composite artificial fish reef using the porous concrete of the present invention is combined with a woody organic material, and part or all of the surface thereof is covered with porous concrete capable of creating an optimal biological habitat, so the alkali removal function is high, The generation period of algae can be shortened, the function of the artificial reef can be realized at an early stage, and the reef effect can be maximized. In particular, since porous concrete is used, various biological habitat environments can be created from the surface to the inside, and a large amount of marine microorganisms or fine organisms can be inhabited.

  Porous concrete can be made into a multi-layered structure by combining multiple porous concretes with different properties or ordinary concrete, so the surface properties can be adjusted. Generally, the surface side is rough and the inner surface side is rough. By making the dense, the habitat environment of algae, seaweeds, fish and fine organisms can be optimally designed. Since porous concrete has high water permeability, the circulation of seawater is also high, and the degree of oxygen supply can be adjusted.

  In addition to horizontal and vertical surfaces, the polyhedron is provided with inclined surfaces or concave and convex spherical surfaces, and it is possible to provide a wooden organic material protruding from the surface in each normal direction. Forest can be established, extreme alkali elution at the beginning of installation can be mitigated, and the reef effect can be maximized.

  Furthermore, since the woody organic material, particularly the log, is fixed through the core material, there is no risk that it will easily come off and float on the fishing ground.

  Furthermore, the woody organic material can be provided with insizing, and the spores of seaweed or the fertilizer component necessary for its overgrowth can be impregnated therein, so that the generation of seaweed can be promoted.

  According to the cross-girder type composite artificial reef of the present invention, the wood-based organic material is assembled in the shape of a cross-girder and porous concrete is placed therein, so that the porous concrete faces between the cross-girder-shaped wood-based organic material. An artificial fish reef can be made and the feeding and fertilizing functions can be realized effectively with maximum efficiency.

  In the cocoon-shaped composite artificial fish reef of the present invention, the cocoon shape is made by combining ordinary concrete or porous concrete and a woody organic material, and the inside is used as an input space for a breeding substrate, and the internal space structure includes a porous concrete block, Propagation base materials such as porous stone, iron ore, ore, natural stone, and ceramic-treated wood rock can be stored, and an artificial fish reef that is highly effective as a fishing reef and algae reef can be obtained. Since the woody organic material can be impregnated with fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid and iron ions, generation and growth of algae can be reliably achieved.

  According to the composite type artificial fish reef capable of generating a passage according to the secondary form of the present invention, from the primary form of our company, the reef constituent part partially undergoes a self-annihilation process by biodegradation and finally 2 In order to reach the next form, the wood-based organic material will be L-shaped, T-shaped, or will be buried in a form that communicates with each other, so after the disappearance of the wood-based organic material, the path according to the secondary form Can be formed. Since the passage forming part becomes a passage for fish and fine organisms and a flow path for seawater, it is possible to expand the habitat environment and improve the function as a fish reef and algae reef.

  According to the method of making a composite type artificial reef of the present invention, an equal diameter treatment is applied to a woody organic material, and a plate-like cover member is interposed in the portion subjected to the equal diameter treatment, so that the amount of burial can be easily and accurately fixed. Can be molded with high quality. Since it can be easily molded using a plate-like cover, it can be provided at low cost with fewer manufacturing steps.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1-10 is explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of the composite type artificial fish reef using the porous concrete of this invention.

  Prior to explaining the figure, the usefulness of porous concrete used for artificial reefs is shown. Porous concrete is obtained by solidifying crushed stone of a certain size with a binder, and the greatest feature is that it has a void space and high water permeability. Porous concrete with continuous voids is easy to establish zoospores on its surface, and can inhabit various creatures inside it, which is extremely effective as a base for seaweed reefs.

表１及び表２に示す調査に先立っては、潜水により、生物付着状況を確認している。平成14年2月27日（234回目）では、第1の設置場所において、周辺の植生状況は前回（141回目）の80％に対し、今回90％となっていた。そのとき、ヤツマタモクが多かった。ブロック表面の海藻種付着状況は、前回70％に対し、今回90％で、ヤツマタモクが70％を占めていた。無節石灰藻は10％であった。第2の設置場所では、周辺の植生状況が50％から70％へと増加していた。特にクロメの増加が見られた。ブロック表面の海藻種付着状況は、平均して前回60％に対し89％であった。ムラサキウニが多く見られた。 In order to demonstrate the usefulness of porous concrete, using a binder containing 10% by weight of artificial zeolite based on No. 5 crushed stone and 10% by weight of cement, the length of one side is 40cm, the height is 25cm, A block of 4cm square pyramid with a length of 32cm (weight 25kg / piece, porosity 25%, volume 0.013m ³ ) was made, and was commissioned to West Japan Ocean Research Co., Nichinan City, Miyazaki Prefecture. Two follow-up surveys were conducted over the course of May. In the first survey, the porous block was submerged in two locations (st1, st2) in the sea from April to September 2002, and the raised porous blocks were taken back to the test room. At the Institute for Environmental Biology, we investigated the names of organisms living on the surface excluding the bottom, the number of solids, and their wet weight measurements by classifying them into polychaetes, echinoderms, mollusks, crustaceans, and seaweeds. In the second survey, the name of the living organism, the number of living organisms, and the wet weight measurement of the specimens set from April 2002 to February 2003 were inhabited within a depth of 10cm × 10cm × 10cm. did. The results of each survey are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The remarks in Table 1 show the names of the most common organisms.

Prior to the investigations shown in Tables 1 and 2, the state of biological adhesion was confirmed by diving. On February 27, 2002 (234th), the surrounding vegetation status was 90% this time compared to 80% of the previous (141st) at the first installation site. At that time, there were many Yatsuma Tamoku. The seaweed species adhesion on the block surface was 90% this time, compared with 70% last time, and Yatsuma Tamoku accounted for 70%. Innocent lime algae was 10%. At the second installation site, the surrounding vegetation situation increased from 50% to 70%. In particular, an increase in chrome was observed. The average seaweed species adhesion on the block surface was 89% compared to the previous 60%. Many purple sea urchins were seen.

  As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, porous concrete can only grow algae due to its physical properties, while ordinary concrete only attaches algae. These micro-organisms will eventually become fish food and become artificial reefs with a high feeding function. Moreover, since the alkali removal rate is fast, the algae generation time is early.

  A preferred method for producing porous concrete used in the present invention is that conventional porous concrete for rivers has used crushed stones with a coarse aggregate particle size of about 20 mm, but with a pore diameter of about 1.0 to 2.5 mm, The cavity range is narrow to cope with diverse ecology. Therefore, in the present invention, the maximum size of the coarse aggregate is about 40 mm as the porous concrete used as the base for fish reef or alga reef, and the continuous porosity is 25% or more. As a result, a gap diameter of about 1.0 mm to 20 mm is obtained. In the case of a two-layer structure, conventional porous concrete with a maximum aggregate size of about 20 mm is provided inside to diversify the habitat. The maximum size of the porous concrete coarse aggregate used inside the reef not directly touching seawater is 20 mm, the pore diameter is about 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, and the continuous porosity is preferably 25% or more. For the innermost layer, ordinary concrete may be used instead of porous concrete for cost control reasons.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the composite artificial fish reef 1 using porous concrete of the present invention is formed by projecting a log 3 as a wooden organic material from the surface of the block 2, and on the bottom surface of the block 2. The semicircular arc passage 4 is formed by crossing the cross, and the upper surface is cut at about 45 degrees from a height of about 1/2 to form an inclined surface. A vertical hole 6 is formed through it, and its shape is diversified to enhance the reef effect. The log 3 is shown as a representative of the wood-based organic material, but the cross section may not be a circle but may be another shape such as a semicircle or a square. Also, organic moldings other than wood can be used alone or in combination. The log 3 protruding from the surface is, for example, cedar thinning, but is used with or without bark. It is possible to use firewood and pine, but cedar and miscellaneous trees are preferred from the viewpoint of biological growth.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the log 3 is connected to a log 7 (7 a, 7 b, 7 c, 7 d) embedded in the block 2. The buried log 7a is a long log lumber product, and a projecting log 3 is connected near both ends thereof. Here, this connection shape is called π-type. The buried log 7b is not sawn. The embedded log 7 c is connected to the one protruding log 3 in a T shape. The embedded log 7d is connected to the protruding log 3 in an L shape. By connecting the buried log 7 to the projecting log 3 in a π-shape, T-shape, L-shape, etc., when it disappears due to biodegradation, the connecting portion can be used as a passage for fish or fine creatures. In this example, the protruding logs 3 are provided in the normal direction in all of the vertical surface, the horizontal surface, the concave and convex spherical surface, and the inclined surface. The installation direction of the log 3 is not limited to this. As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, the logs 3 and 7 are connected to each other using T-shaped and L-shaped fixing plates 8 and 9 as required.

  The buried log 7 is intended to form a passage after extinction, and is optimally designed to obtain a sufficient ocean current while continuing a long passage with other passages. For this reason, it is not limited to the embedded log 7 shown in FIG. 3, and other organic material molded products that are not logs, such as tubular products formed by compression molding sawdust, flexible materials, etc. Can be connected. In the concrete molding operation, first, using these materials, a path is constructed while maintaining the embedding strength, and then the concrete is cast so that the entire buried log 7 is covered with concrete.

  The block 2 is made of porous concrete, but the porous concrete can be only the surface, and ordinary concrete can be used for the inside. However, in the case of a complicated shape as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, each part is relatively thin, so that the placement of ordinary concrete is complicated. Therefore, in this kind block 2, it is set as a double-upper structure, and it is not necessary to make a double structure in the inner and outer directions.

表中の配合において、寸法20mm、40mmの砕石に関し、粒度分布が不連続で規定寸法に偏っていることが重要である。即ち、粒度は最大寸法を示すものではなく、多くの砕石が、その寸法に偏り、一定寸法であることが好ましい。空隙構造を定型化するためである。 Examples of porous concrete blends include two types of porous concrete that can be used in the present invention: coarse aggregate 40 mm (PC1) and coarse aggregate 20 mm (PC2). Use 40mm on the front side and the thinner one on the inside. Tables 3 and 4 show respective characteristic tables. In the table, W is the amount of water, HC is the amount of early strong cement, G is the amount of crushed stone, and S is the amount of fine sand. In addition, an appropriate amount of an admixture or the like is blended.

In the composition shown in the table, it is important that the particle size distribution is discontinuous and biased to the specified size for crushed stones having dimensions of 20 mm and 40 mm. That is, the particle size does not indicate the maximum dimension, and it is preferable that many crushed stones are biased toward the dimension and have a constant dimension. This is to standardize the void structure.

  The maximum size of crushed stone is 50mm. Various designs can be made within a range of 20 to 50 mm, but the characteristics of the biological habitat environment are different from each other.

  FIG. 4 shows a method of fixing the protruding log 3 inside the block 2. (A) As shown in the figure, when the reinforcing bar 10 is used, the core material (black core) of the log 3 is necessarily passed through. (B) In the figure, the core material 11 is cut out and the rebar 10 is passed through the core material 11. The core material 10 that is a black core portion is a portion that is less likely to corrode than the white meat portion and remains to the end even when biodegradation occurs. Therefore, the protruding log 3 can be prevented from being released into the sea by passing the reinforcing bar 10 through the core material 11. As another method for projecting timber or the like from the concrete surface, the surface of the timber may be embedded in the concrete in a substantially matched state, and a part of the concrete surface area may be replaced with a wood-based material. Thereby, organic materials, such as a timber, can be combined and the exposed surface effect of the timber at the time of manufacture can be heightened. An embodiment in which the exposed surface effect is increased in this way is shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another fixing method of the protruding log 3. In this example, the back split portion 13 having a width slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 12 is processed to the center of the log 3, the insert metal fitting 14 is embedded on the block 2 side, and the long bolt 12 is passed from the lateral direction of the back split portion, This is fastened and fixed to the insert fitting 14. In order to stably fix the protruding log 3, it is preferable to provide the concave surface 15 as deep as possible in the block 2 in which the insert metal fitting 14 is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a through hole into which the bolt 12 can be inserted is provided at the center of the projecting log 3, and the bolt 12 is passed through the through hole so as to be hinged to the insert fitting 14.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example in which the surface of the projecting log 3 is provided with drilling by insizing 16 or a drill. The cross-sectional shape of insizing can be variously performed as shown in FIG. 8, such as a truncated cone 16a, a columnar shape 16b, a V-cut 16c, and the like. It is preferable that the insizing is deeply inserted even into the wood by laser processing or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 9, for example, an insizing 16b formed in a cylindrical shape or a perforation is filled with a charge 17 formed by fixing useful fine organisms together with coffee husk, rice bran, fir husk, sawdust, artificial zeolite, and the like. Can do. Malic acid can also be included as fish food. The pit can be provided with a plug 18 to slowly release useful components.

  Insizing can be performed using an insizing machine, cutting with an ax, drilling, and a leather insizing device as a full-fledged method. The depth of the insizing should be 10% or more of the diameter and should be as deep as possible. The size of the opening may be determined for each purpose. The insizing intervals are randomly arranged.

When fixing microscopic organisms, drilling with a drill is also performed. In this case as well, sealing is performed in the same manner as in the above sizing, and then the plug 18 is securely plugged with a wooden plug, cement mortar, or other material. As a fertilizer component useful for seaweed, solidified nitrogen fertilizer or the like, or a fixed body impregnated with such solid is directly enclosed in a pit. Nutrient sources and fertilizer components can also be configured with separate pits. It can also be injected under pressure into wood that has been sized with fertilizer components as an aqueous solution. The injection amount to be injected under pressure may be determined in accordance with the conditions depending on the dissolution concentration. It is necessary to dry the injected wood sufficiently in advance to a moisture content of 25% or less. In this state, about 200 to 300 kg of aqueous solution can be injected per 1 m ³ of wood. In addition to pressure injection, it can also be impregnated in the solution.

  Active ingredients impregnated in wood are temporarily stored in the wood and released spontaneously, or provide an excellent habitat for seaweed, marine organisms, and seafood while undergoing food degradation as needed. In addition, even wood that is not impregnated with an active ingredient is biodegraded by various marine organisms such as beetle and bark beetle in seawater, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, and inherent components contained in the wood and starch and other dietary fibers. As a result, in the surrounding environment of this complex type artificial reef, aquatic micro-organisms and plankton are also abundant, and the food chain effect due to the digestive symbiosis phenomenon functions.

  FIG. 10 is obtained by placing another woody organic material log 19 on the outside of the protruding log 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The horizontal support of the log 19 is firmly connected to the projecting log 3 using the bolt 12. For the reason shown in FIG. 4, the bolt 12 is inserted through the core material of the log 19. The interval P at which the horizontally placed log 19 is fixed with the bolts 12 is about 1 m in order to prevent the long suspended matter from coming off immediately before being completely decayed. The illustrated block 20 does not have to be the same as that shown in FIGS. However, part or all of the surface is made of porous concrete.

  According to the composite type artificial reef 1 using the porous concrete of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the organic material such as wood functions to relax the alkaline environment on the concrete surface from the beginning of installation, and the fiber or wood of the wood. The components of this or the encapsulated components are leached to perform the function of feeding marine organisms and the function of fertilizing marine algae. To arrange. The protruding timber part actively promotes seaweed settlement due to the trapping effect of the flowing algae drifting in the sea, and can form an algae bed base at an early stage.

  In addition, because the biodegradation of wood-based organic materials is configured so that the extinguished part becomes a passage for fish and fine organisms, the wood fiber part is subjected to biodegradation action by marine organisms and seafoods, and the Following the transformation from the reef space and form, the husk is self-formed as a novel and attractive reef space, eventually improving the alkaline environment and creating complex and diverse forms of reef space that are difficult to produce artificially Can be built.

  The base material that forms the base is made of porous porous concrete that can accelerate alkali leaching and can provide living space for living organisms, and is composited with wood or the like that can stock fertilizer components.

  The artificial fish reef 1 can actively exert a fish reef or algae reef function from the beginning of installation. In other words, the structural material such as wood with fertilizer or feeding space and the porous concrete that fixes it interpolate the mutual quality characteristics, and the self-resuscitation function works, and it has been conventionally manufactured artificially and economically. Even complex and diverse reef spaces that were difficult can be constructed. As a result, it is possible to design an ideal habitat that can be adapted to various aquatic organisms such as fish species diversity, migratory colonization, seafood and seaweed. Food chain phenomenon can also be applied to adapt to the growth cycle of seafood, seaweed and other aquatic organisms. Formation of fish reef space and various ecosystem environment are prepared. Suspension of floating seaweed and spores due to void characteristics and surface characteristics, and establishment of seaweed and seaweed attracted by entanglement effects. Aggressive seaweed beds are created by fertilizing and feeding functions supplied from wood. The seaweed basin constitutes an ecosystem composed of various biological communities, and it becomes a habitat for feeding, spawning, and juvenile fish by marine organisms. It is effective as a measure to prevent firewood burning or to secure fishery resources.

  FIG.11 and FIG.12 is explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of the cross-beam type composite artificial reef 21 of this invention. By placing multiple porous concrete PC1 and PC2 in the cross girder set 22 shown in FIG. 11, a composite artificial fish reef 21 that is highly effective as a fishing reef and algae reef can be produced.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the cross-girder set 22 is a structure in which vertical members 23 and cross members 24 are arranged in a vertical or horizontal direction and alternately stacked to form a cross-girder shape. Between each material, there is a gap 25 of the width of the other material. The coupling is performed using the long bolt 12. The coupling by the bolts 12 is performed by passing through the core member and penetrating the intermediate portion in addition to the surrounding four points. This penetration does not necessarily have to penetrate all the material between the upper and lower sides, and it may be partially stopped in the middle. The fixed pitch P is set to a dimension of 1 m inside or outside or less than that, as shown in FIG.

  Since the end of the vertical member 23 or the horizontal member 24 protrudes outward, this portion corresponds to the protruding portion of the protruding log 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. A log (not shown) may be interposed at an arbitrary intermediate position between the vertical member 23 and the horizontal member 24, and the protruding log 3 may be further protruded from the intermediate position. Since the log buried portion provided at the intermediate position can form a passage by its disappearance, it has a passage generation function according to the secondary form similar to that shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 12, porous concrete PC1 and PC2 can be placed in two stages. Specifically, the first porous concrete PC1 having a coarse opening is placed on the bottom, the wooden inner frame 26 is set inside the well girder, and the second narrow porous concrete PC2 is placed therein. Next, porous concrete PC1 having a coarse opening is again placed on the outside thereof. A temporary cold-use temporary plate is applied to the gap 25 as appropriate so that the concrete does not leak. The inner frame 26 can be used as appropriate. The inner frame 26 is preferably a wooden board and is not removed. Since it is not necessary to clearly separate the boundaries between the porous concrete PC1 and PC2, the inner frame 26 is appropriately inserted and used so as not to separate the two. When it can be used as a part of the woody organic material and it disappears, the passage of that part can be self-generated, which is preferable. In order not to obstruct the water flow path between the porous concrete PC1 and PC2, it is only necessary to provide a large number of small holes that do not allow the porous concrete PC2 to leak.

  According to the cross girdle-shaped composite artificial fish reef 21 shown above, since the projecting log 3 is provided, the composite effect of the woody organic material can be exhibited. Moreover, the porous concrete PC1 can be faced from the gap 25 of the well girder, and the living habitat environment can be improved by the void structure, and the effect as a fish reef and algae reef can be maximized. Furthermore, when the vertical members 23 and the horizontal members 24, which are wood, and the wood interposed in the middle position decay and disappear, a concave surface or a passage is self-generated, and further improvement of the biological habitat environment can be expected.

  FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are explanatory views showing an embodiment of a cocoon-shaped composite artificial fish reef 26. The outer frame members 27 made of logs are combined in a stacked bowl shape, and are connected to each other with bolts 12 that pass in the vertical, horizontal, height, and diagonal directions, and porous concrete PC1 is placed therein.

  The artificial reef 26 according to the present embodiment can provide a living creature of fine creatures. A large amount of fine creatures can be inhabited. Although it can be used alone, it can also be used in combination with other artificial reefs. Since the outer side of the porous concrete PC1 is surrounded by a log, it is possible to exert high functions for fertilization and feeding for fine organisms. From the state shown in the drawing, no gap is visible between the outer frame members 27. However, when thinned wood is used as the outer frame member, a gap of several mm to several cm is actually generated due to the bending or warping. The gap can be adjusted by interposing a spacer as required. A hole can be deliberately drilled. Furthermore, in order to embody the path self-generating function by the disappearance of wood, wood can be embedded in the porous concrete PC1.

  FIG.15 and FIG.16 is explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment of the cage-type composite type artificial fish reef of this invention. This composite artificial reef 28 is made of porous concrete, and a cavity 30 is provided inside a bowl-shaped block 29, in which a porous concrete block having a diameter of 10 to 30 cm, porous stone, iron ore, ore, natural stone, ceramic A propagation base material such as treated charcoal can be stored in direct contact with water. The bottom is provided with a number of holes for forming a water flow, or a net is stretched.

  As shown in FIG. 16, logs 31 whose side surfaces are exposed on the inner and outer surfaces are embedded in three steps in the cross section of the side constituting the saddle shape in order to change the structural form and function in accordance with corrosion. In each step, two logs are combined in parallel, and both side surfaces of the combined log 31 face the outside or the inside of the bowl shape, respectively. Two rows of logs 31 are bound with bolts 12 through the cores, and the vicinity of both sides of the combined logs 31 is fixed with a pair of bolts through each step. The cross-sectional shape of the embedded log 31 is made smaller than the diameter of the log so that it does not separate from or slide out of the concrete body during the decay process, and the contact surface between the materials is a reverse taper shape. Yes.

  The block 29 is porous concrete PC1 or PC2, but ordinary concrete can also be used. Alternatively, porous concrete can be used in combination with ordinary concrete.

  The hollow 30 can be filled with porous stone material and other growth base materials including spherical porous concrete. Since the propagation base material is brought into direct contact with water and communicated with the sea area through the ridge-shaped wall surface, its components can be slowly released into the seawater. Moreover, in connection with a wall surface structural member, a micro organism can be grown in the space | gap structure which these have. Furthermore, due to the decay caused by the biodegradation of the log 31, the portion can be changed to a passage for fish and the like, and the algae reef and fish reef effect can be exerted over the years to increase the effect.

  17 and 18 are explanatory diagrams showing how to make the composite artificial fish reef of the present invention. In the composite type artificial fish reef of the present invention, logs are often set to protrude from a block surface made of ordinary or porous concrete. At this time, the log setting work in the mold in the concrete molding is difficult. This is because natural logs have various diameters, bend and warp, do not fit into the hole for log insertion provided in the mold, leak concrete from the mismatched portion, and make the finish dirty.

Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 17, the log 3 is set in a mold 32, and the concrete 32 is filled with concrete, placed, cured, and integrally molded.
A hole 33 having a size sufficiently larger than the diameter of the log 3 is provided at a position where the log 3 of the mold 32 projects.
Plate-shaped cover members 34a and 34b covering the hole 33 are provided on the surface of the mold,
The plate-like cover members 34a and 34b have a divided structure, and a predetermined hole 35 having a constant diameter determined at a value smaller than the diameter of the woody organic material is provided at the center thereof.
In accordance with the diameter of the defined hole 35, an equivalent diameter process having a diameter slightly larger than the dimension of the defined hole 35 is applied to a corresponding position of the cover member 34a, 34b of the log 3;
When setting the equal-diameter-treated log 3 to the mold, the plate-shaped cover members 34a and 34b are fitted and interposed in the equal-diameter processed portion and fixed to the mold 32, and then the concrete is fixed. To cast.

  The mold 32 is provided with a stopper 35 for fixing the plate-like cover members 34a and 34b. The size of the defining hole 35 provided in the plate-like cover members 34a and 34b is, for example, 18 cm for a log diameter of 20 to 25 cm.

  As shown in FIG. 18, as a device for performing equal diameter processing on the log 3, a pair of height-adjustable clamping devices 36 and 37 and a circular saw device disposed at a position where the equal diameter processing is performed. 38. One clamp device 36 is provided with a disk 39 that presses one end of the log 3 with a plurality of pins so that the log 3 can be rotated within the horizontal axis XX. The other clamping device 37 includes a one-point support plate 40 that rotatably supports the center of the other end face of the log 3. One clamp device 36 is provided with a handle 41 capable of rotating the disk 39. Therefore, by turning the handle 41 while applying the blade of the circular saw device 38 to the log 3 and turning the log 3, the log 3 can be subjected to equal diameter processing of the diameter Do.

  In FIG. 17 again, the log 3 processed with the same diameter using the apparatus of FIG. 18 is set in the mold 32, and the hole 35 is fitted to the equal diameter processing portion using the plate-like cover members 34a and 34b. It can be fixed with a stopper 35 and concrete can be cast.

  According to the method of making the composite artificial reef of the present invention, the log 3 can be accurately set on the formwork 32 at the industrial product level, and the finished product can have a beautiful finish enough to assure quality as an industrial product. In the past, when embedding raw wood in concrete, it was necessary to stand the wood vertically in the formwork in advance and wait for the setting and hardening along the concrete around this. The method of constructing wood by projecting it from the concrete surface of the polyhedral structure in an arbitrary direction is not popular because it is economically expensive. In the method of making the composite artificial reef of the present invention, the protruding log can be easily and accurately provided on the side surface of the block or the like.

  As mentioned above, although the optimal embodiment was shown about each invention, besides this, large and spherical compound type artificial reef can be made similar to the 30 cm diameter porous concrete block which has been often used in riverbeds conventionally. . For example, there is an example in which one or a plurality of 1 m long logs are skewered on a spherical porous concrete block having a diameter of 50 cm. The central log crossing portion can be devised so as not to be separated through the core material by appropriately using a fixing bracket. After the log is extinguished, the portion can be used as a passage according to the secondary form, and a large amount of fish and fine organisms can be grown.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately modified in design and implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the composite type artificial reef using the porous concrete which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the log used for the composite type artificial fish reef shown in FIG. 1, and a log embedding part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the fixing method to the concrete in a log with a side view. It is explanatory drawing which shows the system which divides a log back and fixes using an insert metal fitting with sectional drawing. It is explanatory drawing which shows the system which penetrates a log core material and is bolt-fixed with a perspective view. It is a perspective view which shows the state which provided the insizing or the perforation in the log. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a shape of the insizing shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the loading system of the load in a pit. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment which assembled | attached the other log to the log protruded on the outer surface. 1 is a perspective view of a well structure used in a well-shaped composite artificial fish reef according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a state in which porous concrete is placed in a double structure in the cross beam structure of FIG. 11. It is a perspective view which shows the cocoon structure used for the cocoon-shaped composite type artificial fish reef which concerns on one Embodiment etc. of this invention. FIG. 14 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a state in which porous concrete is placed in a double structure inside FIG. 13. It is a perspective view which shows other embodiment of a saddle-shaped composite type artificial fish reef. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of one side of the saddle-shaped structure shown in FIG. 15. It is a perspective view for demonstrating how to make the composite artificial reef of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the log equal diameter processing apparatus used with the method of making shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Composite Artificial Fish Reef Using Porous Concrete 2, 20 Blocks 3, 7 (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d), 19, 31 Log 4 Passage 5 Inclined Surface 6 Vertical Hole 8, 9 Fixed Plate 10 Reinforcing Bar 11 Core Material (Black core)
12 Bolt 13 Back split part 14 Insert metal fitting 15 Concave surface 16 (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) Insizing 17 Loading 18 Plug 21 Cross girder type composite artificial reef 22 Cross girder set 23 Vertical member 24 Cross member 25 Clearance 26, 28, 29 Cage-shaped composite artificial reef 27 Outer frame material 30 Cavity 32 Mold frame 33 Hole 34a, 34b Plate-shaped cover member 35 Regulating hole 36, 37 Clamping device 38 Circular saw device 39 Disc 40 One point support portion 41 Handle P Horizontal Stationary log fixed pitch PC1, PC2 Porous concrete

Claims (15)

It is a composite artificial fish reef that is used as an artificial fish reef and algae reef with a feeding function and fertilization function provided by fixing a wooden organic material protruding from the outer surface to a concrete block that forms a polyhedron,
A composite type artificial reef characterized in that at least a part or all of the surface portion of the concrete block has a porous concrete finish, and a part or all of the woody organic material is embedded and fixed in the concrete block.   2. The composite according to claim 1, wherein the porous concrete has a double structure in which the outer surface of the fish reef exposed directly to the seawater side and the inner side of the fish reef not exposed directly to the seawater side are different from each other. Type artificial fish reef.   3. The composite artificial reef according to claim 1, wherein the polyhedron includes an inclined surface and an uneven spherical surface in addition to a horizontal surface and a vertical surface.   The composite artificial fish reef according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wooden organic material protrudes from each surface of the polyhedron toward the normal direction of the surface.   The composite type artificial material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a fixing material is inserted into a core portion of the wood-based organic material, and is directly or indirectly embedded and fixed in the concrete. Fish reef.   The composite artificial reef according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of sizings are performed on an outer surface of the woody organic material.   The composite artificial fish reef according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the woody organic material is impregnated with spores of seaweed or a fertilizer component useful for overgrowth thereof. It is a composite artificial fish reef that is used as an artificial fish reef and algae reef with a feeding function and fertilization function provided by fixing a wooden organic material protruding from the outer surface to a concrete block that forms a polyhedron,
A composite artificial reef characterized by assembling the wooden organic material in a cross-girder shape, placing porous concrete therein, and exposing the porous concrete to the seawater side through a gap between the cross-beams.   9. The porous concrete according to claim 8, wherein the outer surface of the fish reef exposed directly on the seawater side and the inner side of the fish reef not exposed directly on the seawater side have a double structure with different void structures. Composite artificial reef. It is a composite type artificial reef that is used as an artificial reef and algae reef with a woody organic material fixed to a concrete block that makes polyhedrons, and has a feeding function and fertilization function,
Formed in the form of a bowl-shaped concrete block with the side surface of the woody organic material exposed to the seawater side, porous concrete block, porous stone, iron ore, ore, natural stone, ceramic-treated charcoal, etc. A composite artificial reef, characterized in that the breeding base material was stored in direct contact with water.   11. The composite artificial fish reef according to claim 8, wherein fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and iron ions are contained in the propagation base material or the woody organic material. It is a composite type artificial fish reef that is used as an artificial fish reef and algae reef with an effective combination of a durable material made of concrete and a wooden organic material, and having a feeding function and fertilization function,
From the primary form at the beginning of molding, it is planned that the fish reef components will eventually reach the secondary form while partially undergoing the self-annihilation process by biodegradation. The composite artificial fish reef is characterized in that the woody organic material is applied to the passage portion according to the secondary form.   The composite artificial reef according to claim 12, wherein the passage according to the secondary form is L-shaped or T-shaped.   The composite artificial fish reef according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the passage according to the secondary form has a shape communicating with adjacent passages. It is a method to make a composite artificial reef that is used as an artificial reef and algae reef with a feeding function and fertilization function provided by embedding and fixing a wooden organic material to a concrete block that forms a polyhedron, protruding from its outer surface. And
The wooden organic material is set in a mold, and the concrete is filled with concrete, placed, and cured, and is integrally molded.
Providing a hole having a dimension sufficiently larger than the diameter of the wooden organic material at a position where the wooden organic material protrudes from the mold;
A plate-like cover member that covers the hole is provided on the surface of the mold,
The plate-like cover member has a divided structure, and a predetermined hole having a constant diameter defined by a value smaller than the diameter of the woody organic material is provided at the center thereof,
In accordance with the diameter of the prescribed hole, the equivalent position of the cover member of the wood-based organic material is subjected to an equal diameter treatment slightly larger than the dimension of the prescribed hole,
When setting the equal diameter treated wood diameter organic material to the mold, the plate cover member is fitted and interposed in the equal diameter treated portion and fixed to the mold, and then the concrete is cast. How to make a composite artificial reef characterized by

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