JP2008253221A - Block for fish bank - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easily producible fish bank block usable as an artificial fish bank singly or in combination of multiple blocks and having a structure to allow the flow of sea current, a method for constructing an artificial fish bank by combining a plurality of the blocks for fish bank and a method for constructing a pier or offshore breakwater. <P>SOLUTION: The fish bank block is made of concrete and provided with a main body having a polygonal cross-section, two or more legs having outer side faces extending inward from a part of the outer circumference of the main body in a manner connected with the outer circumference, and one or more through-holes formed on the main body at a part free from the legs under the main body and linearly connecting the upper face and the lower face of the main body. The fish bank block is used singly or by combining multiple blocks in stacked state or a state placed adjacent to each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fish reef block, a method for constructing an artificial reef using the fish reef block, and a method for constructing a jetty or a breakwater.

  Conventionally, artificial fish reefs and artificial seaweed beds have been constructed in order to promote the propagation of fish and the like, and many structures used for such purposes have been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a fish reef made of concrete block having a cave and a cave. Patent Document 2 discloses a concrete block seaweed bed building block provided with a plurality of through-holes penetrating from the upper surface toward the bottom surface, the sheath pipe being penetrated through the concrete block, and the inside of the sheath pipe. In this case, the leg portion is penetrated so as to be movable up and down. In these fish reef blocks, seawater flows into the cave, cave and through hole, and relatively small fish pass through the cave and the like.

  On the other hand, there is also known a relatively large fish or a creature with a hollow in the lower part for organisms that are submerged in sand. As such an example, in the fish reef described in Patent Document 1, a cave and a cave are enlarged. In addition, the seaweed reef reef described in Patent Document 3 uses a plurality of hollow fish reef books as its base. Furthermore, the artificial fish reef described in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 4 has a passage in the lower part thereof.

  The use of wood-based materials such as thinned wood has been proposed for harmony with the nature of artificial reef blocks and the formation of forests of seaweed in the sea. For example, Patent Document 5 discloses a concrete block that is also used as a fish reef, and includes a plurality of trees in which one end is embedded in concrete and the other end protrudes from the concrete block. Further, FIG. 1 of Patent Document 4 discloses an artificial fish reef provided with a woody material such as an L-shaped or T-shaped thinning material disposed in the block so as to protrude from the concrete block. According to the twelfth aspect, the wood-based material disappears due to biodegradation, and the place where the wood-based material exists finally becomes a passage.

  There is also a proposal to use coastal structures such as offshore dikes as a base for the seaweed beds. Patent Document 6 describes fixing log timber to a coastal structure.

JP 2004-129642 A JP2006-191847 JP2004-89008 Open 2005-143457 JP 2003-166226 A JP-A-2005-117901

  The object of the present invention is to construct an artificial reef that can be used alone or in combination as an artificial reef, is easy to manufacture and has a structure that does not oppose the ocean current, and a combination of such reef blocks It is in providing the method to build and the construction method of a jetty or a breakwater.

The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the first invention is a concrete fish reef block having a polygonal cross-sectional shape, and a part of the outer peripheral part of the main body part continuously from the outer peripheral part to the lower and inner side. Two or more leg portions having an outer surface extending toward the surface, and at least one through hole that linearly connects the upper surface and the lower surface of the main body portion in a portion having no leg portion below the main body portion. It is related with the block for fish reef characterized by being formed.

The above-mentioned fish reef block can be in any of the following (1) to (6) or a combination of two or more of them:
(1) At least a part of the outer peripheral part of the main body part is an inclined surface facing inward,
(2) Two leg portions are provided, and the leg portions of the leg portions are inclined downward toward the inside from the two opposite sides a and b of the polygonal shape on the lower surface of the main body portion. The extension,
(3) Further, it is a wood-based material filled in the through hole, and its end portion may protrude from the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the main body portion, provided that the height of the portion protruding from the lower surface is high. Having a height equal to or less than the height of the leg,
(4) A protrusion is formed on the upper surface of the main body, and preferably the protrusion has a flat top and the height of the protrusion is placed on the fish reef block. Less than the leg height,
(5) A part of the upper part of the main body itself is a recess, and the position and size of the recess is determined by the legs of the second fish reef block placed on the fish reef block. One that is suitable for being placed and fixed; and (6) a leg that extends downward from near the center of the lower surface of the main body.

  In the fish reef block, the leg height is preferably 15 to 30 cm, and more preferably 20 to 25 cm. In the fish reef block, the diameter of the through hole is preferably 15 to 30 cm, and more preferably 20 to 25 cm.

  Such a size is slightly larger than the size of valuable organisms such as fish and crustaceans. In other words, it is a size that provides a space suitable for a living creature to live.

  The second invention is the first fish reef block according to the first invention, wherein the main body has a square cross-sectional shape installed on the seabed or beach, A second reef block according to the first invention, the main body portion having a square cross-sectional shape is placed, and if necessary, third and subsequent reef blocks are similarly placed. Here, when using a reef block in which a through-hole is filled with a wood-based material, the height of the protruding portion of the wood-based material does not interfere with the stacking of the reef block. The present invention relates to a method for constructing an artificial reef that is high.

  In the present specification, the “height that does not hinder stacking” means that when two reef blocks are stacked, excluding the wood-based material protruding from the upper surface of the main body of the uppermost block, The upper limit is the distance between the main body portions of the upper and lower blocks. Also, when stacking blocks with wood-based material projecting from the bottom surface of the main body on top of the block with wood-based material projecting from the top surface of the main body, place the top and bottom blocks so that they do not overlap. If the positions of the protruding parts overlap, the height of the wooden material protruding from the upper surface of the main body part of the lower block and the height of the wooden material protruding from the lower surface of the main body part of the upper block Need to be combined such that the sum of the two is equal to or less than the interval between the main body portions of the upper and lower blocks.

  In the second invention, the second fish reef block is smaller than the first fish reef block, and further, the third and subsequent fish reef blocks which are placed as necessary are also sequentially reduced. This aspect is also included.

  The third invention is the first fish reef block according to the first invention, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the main body part is two long sides facing each other and a phase perpendicular to the long sides. It is an octagon consisting of two short sides facing each other and four sides located between the long side and the short side, and continues from the short side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body to the outer periphery of the main body. Two first fish reef blocks having two legs having an outer surface inclined downward while extending inward, and the long sides of the octagons of the two first reef blocks are parallel to each other. The second fish reef block according to the first invention is installed on the seabed or beach in close proximity to each other, and the cross-sectional shape of the main body part is two long sides facing each other And two short sides facing each other at right angles to their long sides, and between the long and short sides Two leg portions having an outer surface extending downward while being inclined inward from the short side of the octagonal shape of the lower surface of the main body portion to the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion. One or two of the second reef blocks having the first reef block leg and the second reef block leg perpendicular to each other and the second reef block When two blocks are used, the octagonal long sides of the two second fish reef blocks are placed in parallel and close to each other, and if necessary, the third and later The reef block is also placed in the same manner. Here, when using a reef block in which a through-hole is filled with a wood-based material, the height of the protruding portion of the wood-based material is the same as that for the reef. The height of the block does not hinder stacking, and the reef block When placing the only one, the only one reef blocks two to reef for the block is never mounted, artificial reef, the method relates to the construction of the jetty or offshore bank.

  The fourth invention is the first fish reef block according to the first invention, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the main body portion is two long sides facing each other and a phase perpendicular to the long sides. It is an octagon consisting of two short sides facing each other and four sides located between the long side and the short side, and continues from the short side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body to the outer periphery of the main body. Three or more first fish reef blocks having two legs having an outer surface that is inclined inward and extending downward are placed close to each other so that the long sides of the octagon are parallel to each other and close to each other. Installed on the beach, on the first reef block (I) installed at the end and the first reef block (II) installed next to it, the second according to the first invention The cross-sectional shape of the body part of the fish reef block is two long sides facing each other and And an octagon consisting of two short sides facing each other at right angles and four sides located between the long side and the short side, and from the short side of the octagonal shape on the bottom surface of the main body portion, A second fish reef block (I) having two legs having an outer surface that extends downward while being inclined inward and connected to the outer periphery, the first fish reef block (I), (II) The second fish reef block (I) and the second fish reef block (I) are placed at right angles to each other at a right angle with a space in which the second reef block (II) can be placed in the same direction. The second reef block (II) is the second reef block so that the long sides of the octagon are parallel to and close to the second reef block (I). The first reef block (II) and the adjacent first reef block (III) are shifted by about 1/2 in the longitudinal direction of the long side of the octagon of (I). In addition, when the first reef block (IV) or later is installed on the seabed or beach, the second reef block (III) or later is also placed in the same manner. The first reef blocks at both ends are exposed because 1/2 or more of the area of the upper surface thereof is not placed on the second reef block. Here, the reef blocks according to claim 4 are exposed. In the case of using a block, the present invention relates to a method for constructing an artificial fish reef, a jetty, or a breakwater, in which the height of the protruding portion of the wood-based material is a height that does not hinder the stacking of the reef blocks.

  Further, the fifth invention relates to an artificial fish reef, a jetty or a breakwater embankment in which two or more fish reef blocks of the first invention are juxtaposed and / or stacked.

  In the sixth invention, (1) one or more fish reef blocks including those in which the through-hole is filled with a wood-based material among the fish reef blocks according to the first invention are installed on the seabed. A) a method for constructing an artificial reef or algae reef, comprising digesting and decomposing the wood-based material by a living organism having cellulosic digestibility to restore a through hole; and (3) propagating seaweed in the reef block. .

  The fish reef block of the present invention has a leg portion that has an outer surface that extends downward and inward from a part of the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion, and therefore, a phenomenon such as a swirl caused by a sea current hits. Therefore, marine valuable organisms such as fish and crustaceans are likely to gather. Such an effect is more remarkable in the aspect in which the side surface of the main body portion is inclined toward the inside.

  In addition, since there is a space where the marine valuable organisms are hidden outside the leg portions of the fish reef block of the present invention and under the main body portion (where there are no leg portions), the marine valuable organisms also exist from this point. It can be said that it is easy to gather.

  When the block for fish reef of the present invention, in which the through-hole is filled with a wood-based material, firstly, beetle insects etc. that feed on the wood-based material are inhabited, and the damage mark is small. Crustaceans and polychaetes inhabit, making it a good feeding ground. That is, fish that prefer small crustaceans, beetles, etc. come to gather. In addition, if fish that prefer small crustaceans, beetles, etc. gather, fish and sea urchins that use seaweed as food will not gather, so seaweed will flourish. By the way, when the wood-based materials run out, seaweeds are sufficiently prosperous, so even if the number of fish, sea urchins, and shellfish that feed on plants such as seaweeds increases, they are not easily damaged by firewood.

  Among the fish reef blocks of the first invention, those having protrusions and recesses for fixing the leg portions of the blocks placed thereon, the fish reef blocks were placed on top when stacked. Block sliding can be prevented.

  In the fish reef block according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is a protrusion having a height substantially the same as the height of the leg portion of the block placed on the upper surface of the main body portion, the height of the leg portion being equal to or lower than If the block that is formed, or the block that has legs that extend downward from near the center of the bottom surface of the main body, is used at the bottom, the bottom block is tilted even when the construction site of the fish reef is sand. hard.

  Among the reef blocks of the first invention, those in which the through-holes are filled with a wood-based material, in the method for manufacturing a concrete block for fish reefs using a conventional formwork material, in the place to be a through-hole, For example, it can be produced simply by arranging a wood-based material such as a bar-like thinned material. Therefore, there are advantages that manufacturing is easy and a large number of blocks can be manufactured.

  In the method for constructing an artificial reef of the present invention, a plurality of blocks are stacked and used, so that an appropriate reef can be constructed according to the situation at the construction site.

  Moreover, in the construction method of a jetty or a breakwater according to the present invention, a plurality of blocks are used in parallel and stacked, so that a jetty or a breakwater having an appropriate length (distance) and height according to the situation of the construction site. A bank can be built.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings based on the best mode for carrying out the invention.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a fish reef block of the present invention. In the fish reef block 100, the entire upper surface 10x of the main body 10 (portion above the broken line j in the figure) 10 is flat. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the main-body part 10 is a square, and the outer peripheral part 10r is an inclined surface where all four side surfaces go inside. Therefore, the square which is the cross-sectional shape of the main body 10 has a different size for each position of the cross section.

  The outer side surface 30r of the leg part 30 is connected to a part of the outer peripheral part 10r of the main body part 10, specifically, two opposite side surfaces, and is opposite to each other in a square shape that is a planar shape of the lower surface 10y of the main body part 10. Each side a and b (b is not shown) extends downward while inclining inward. The inner side surface 30q of the leg portion 30 extends downward while inclining toward the outside. Accordingly, the thickness of the leg 30 is gradually reduced, that is, tapered.

  In the reef block of the present invention, it is essential that the outer surface 30r of the leg 30 is inclined inward, but the inner surface 30q is inclined outward as in the example of FIG. It is not essential, and it may be vertical or inclined inward.

  A portion of the main body portion 10 that does not have the leg portions 30 and 30 (hereinafter, also referred to as “main body central portion”) penetrates substantially perpendicularly to the thickness direction of the main body portion 10, that is, the main body portion. A plurality of through-holes 5 that linearly connect the upper surface 10x and the lower surface 10y are provided.

  Here, “connecting in a straight line” is a concept excluding the case of bending or drawing a large curve, but it does not have to be completely straight. Further, the direction of the through hole may be inclined as well as vertical.

  The shape of the through hole is cylindrical in the example shown in FIG. 1, but is not limited to such a shape. Any shape is acceptable. Further, the number and arrangement of the through holes are not limited. Furthermore, when there are a plurality of through holes, the size and shape of each may be the same or different.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing another example of the fish reef block of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view thereof. In the fish reef block 200, the main body 10 (the portion above the broken line j in FIG. 2) has a flat upper surface 10x and an octagonal cross-sectional shape. The octagon is located between two long sides c1 and c2 facing each other, two short sides d1 and d2 facing each other in a direction perpendicular to the long sides c1 and c2, and between the long side and the short side. Have four sides e1, e2, e3, e4.

  In the outer peripheral part of the main body 10, the upper part (part indicated by reference sign 10s) is vertical, and the lower part (part indicated by reference sign 10t) is an inclined surface directed inward.

  Further, the fish reef block 200 is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion 10, and from the two opposite sides of the octagonal shape of the lower surface 10 y of the main body portion 10, specifically, from the short sides d 1 and d 2 to the inside. The leg portions 30 and 30 each have an outer surface 30r that is inclined downward and extends downward. In addition, the inner side surface 30q of the leg part 30 is inclined toward the outer side, and the other side surface connecting the outer side surface 30r and the inner side surface 30q is inclined toward the inner side. Accordingly, the leg 30 is tapered.

  A portion of the main body 10 that does not have the leg portions 30 and 30 passes therethrough substantially perpendicularly to the thickness direction, that is, the through hole 5 that linearly connects the upper surface 10x and the lower surface 10y of the main body 10. Is provided.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view schematically showing another example of the fish reef block of the present invention. The fish reef block 600 has protrusions 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d that serve as stoppers on the upper surface 10x of the main body 10.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the stoppers 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d have two reef blocks 600 and 600 for the construction of an artificial fish reef. Are arranged so that they are parallel to each other, and two fish reef blocks 200, 200 are placed on them, and the leg portions 30, 30 of the fish reef block 600 and the leg portions 30, 30 of the reef block 200 are mutually connected. This is useful for stopping the legs 30, 30 of the blocks 200, 200 when they are stacked at a right angle. In this example, the leg portion 30 of the fish reef block 200 is disposed between the stopper 9a and the stopper 9b, and the other leg portion 30 of the fish reef block 200 is disposed between the stopper 9d and the stopper 9c.

  There are no particular limitations on the shape, size, and formation position of the protrusion serving as the stopper. Any shape, size, and position may be used as long as the legs of other reef blocks to be stacked can be stopped without hindering the stacking.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing still another example of the fish reef block of the present invention. This fish reef block 800 has a flat top on the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 and is formed with projections 9x and 9y whose height is substantially the same as the height of the legs.

  As shown in FIG. 16 (B), these protrusions 9x and 9y have two reef blocks 800 and 800, each having a long side of an octagon which is a cross-sectional shape of the main body portion for the construction of an artificial reef. Useful for supporting the vicinity of the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the main body 10 of the main body 10 of the blocks 200, 200 when the two fish reef blocks 200, 200 are stacked on top of each other so as to be parallel to each other. It is. When the fish reef block of the present invention is installed on sand, when the bottom block having no projection (fish reef block 200) is used, as shown in FIG. May tilt. On the other hand, if the blocks 800 and 800 having the protrusions 9x and 9y are used at the bottom, the blocks 800 and 800 are not inclined as shown in FIG.

  The height of the protrusions 9x and 9y is, as is clear from the above-mentioned significance of the existence, the height of the leg 30 of the fish reef block 200 placed on the fish reef block 800 having the protrusions 9x and 9y. To be exact, the height between the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 of the fish reef block 800 and the lower surface 10y of the main body 10 of the fish reef block 200 is substantially the same.

  Are the positions of the protrusions 9x and 9y connected to the octagonal long side c1 that is the planar shape of the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 (one side of the bottom of the protrusions 9x and 9y shares a part of the long side c1)? It suffices if it is in the vicinity of the long side c1.

  The shape of the protrusions 9x and 9y is a shape that can support the lower surface 10y of the main body 10 of the fish reef blocks 200 and 200 placed on the two fish reef blocks 800 and 800 having the protrusions 9x and 9y. . Therefore, it is necessary to have a shape having a flat top for supporting it.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of the protrusion 9x. This projection 9x has a flat top 50 and two recesses 60,60. What is in the recess 60 and indicated by reference numeral 70 is a hole into which an anchor bolt is inserted. The protrusion 9x is attached to the upper surface 10x of the fish reef block by the anchor bolt.

  FIG. 7 schematically shows still another example of the shape of the fish reef block of the present invention. 7A is a plan view, and FIG. 7B is a side view. This fish reef block 400 has recesses 80, 80 in a part above the main body 10.

  FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state where two fish reef blocks 700, 700 are placed on the two fish reef blocks 400, 400. FIG. The fish reef block 700 has the same shape as the fish reef block 200 except that the height of the leg 30 is high. As shown in FIG. 17, two fish reef blocks 400 and 400 are arranged close to each other so that the long sides of the octagon which is the cross-sectional shape of the main body 10 are parallel to each other for the construction of the artificial fish reef. When the two reef blocks 700 and 700 are stacked on them, the leg portions 30 and 30 of the blocks 700 and 700 are disposed in the recesses 80 and 80 of the reef blocks 400 and 400, respectively. Accordingly, the shape and size of the recesses 80 and 80 may be any shape, size, and position that can stop the legs of other stacked reef blocks.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of still another example of the shape of the fish reef block of the present invention. This reef block 500 is characterized in that it has three legs. That is, in addition to the leg portions 30 on both sides, another leg portion 31 extending downward is provided near the center of the lower surface 10 y of the main body portion 10.

  FIG. 18 is a side view showing a state in which two fish reef blocks 500 and 500 are placed on the two fish reef blocks 200 and 200. As shown in FIG. 18, in order to construct an artificial reef, the two reef blocks 200, 200 are placed close to each other so that the long sides of the octagon which is the cross-sectional shape of the main body 10 are parallel to each other. When the two reef blocks 500 and 500 are stacked on top of each other, the leg portion 31 formed near the center of the blocks 500 and 500 straddles both of the reef blocks 200 and 200, and the blocks 200 and 200 are arranged on the upper surface 10x. When the fish reef block of the present invention is installed on sandy ground, if the reef block is used in a combination as shown in FIG. 18, the leg 31 prevents the bottom block from tilting.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing still another example of the fish reef block of the present invention. In the fish reef block 900, the wood material 40 is filled in each through hole 5 of the fish reef block 200 described above. The upper part of the wood material 40 protrudes from the upper surface 10 x of the main body 10. The height h of the protruding portion is equal to the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 of the fish reef block 900 and the block 900, except when used as the uppermost block or alone in the artificial fish reef construction method described later. It is below the height between the lower surface 10y of the main body 10 of another block placed on the top.

  The wood-based material 40 may be any wood-based material that is digested and decomposed by an organism having cellulosic digestibility such as beetle. Examples include thinned wood and discarded wood. Moreover, what compression-processed wood chips may be used. The height and thickness of each of the wood-based materials 40 filled in the plurality of through holes 5 do not have to be uniform. The shape should just be what can be filled in the through-hole 5. Furthermore, the wood-based material 40 does not have to be filled in all the through holes 5. In other words, some of the through holes 5 may not be filled with the wood material 40.

  In the example shown in FIG. 9, the wood-based material 40 is filled in the through-hole 5 that vertically connects the upper surface 10x and the lower surface 10y of the main body 10 and protrudes from the upper surface 10x of the main body 10. The filling method of the system material is not limited to this.

  In FIG. 10, the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the main-body center part 10u is shown. In the example described in FIG. 10A, the through hole 5 is formed with an inclination between the upper surface 10 x and the lower surface 10 y of the main body 10. The wood-based material 40 is filled or applied so as to seal the through hole 5, but does not protrude from the upper surface 10 x or the lower surface 10 y of the main body 10. In the example described in FIG. 10B, the wood-based material 40 does not protrude from the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 and protrudes only from the lower surface 10y. Furthermore, in the example described in FIG. 10C, the wood-based material 40 includes those that protrude from the upper surface 10 x and the lower surface 10 y of the main body 10 and those that protrude only from the upper surface 10 x.

  The main body and legs of the fish reef block of the present invention are made of concrete. There are various blends of concrete, but any of them can be used in the present invention. However, porous concrete is preferably a concrete other than porous concrete because the pore size is suitable for the habitat of herbivorous organisms and may cause scallop burning.

  Next, a manufacturing method of the fish reef block according to the present invention in which the through hole is filled with a wood material will be described.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the middle of manufacturing the fish reef block shown in FIG. The reef block 900 is manufactured as follows, for example.

  The wooden material 40 is arranged in the form F so that they are in a predetermined position, a flat plate W is placed on the wooden material 40, and the nail N is placed from the upper part of the flat plate toward the wooden material 40. Type in. Next, a load is applied by a method such as placing a weight on the flat plate W. The concrete composition C is poured and cured.

  FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during the manufacture of another fish reef block of the present invention. In the figure, the wood-based material 40 filled in the through hole 5 protrudes from the upper surface 10x and the lower surface 10y of the main body 10.

  A hole is formed in the mold F in accordance with the position where the through hole 5 is formed. First, the rod-shaped woody material 40 is inserted into the hole of the mold F to fill the hole. A flat plate W is placed on the wooden material 40 so as to be parallel to the bottom surface of the mold F, and a nail N is driven from the upper portion of the flat plate W toward the wooden material 40. Next, a load is applied by a method such as placing a weight on the flat plate W. The concrete composition C is poured and cured. In addition, if the rubber packing etc. are used for the part of the hole of the formwork F, demolding will become easy.

  In this example, the length of the wood-based material 40 varies, and therefore the height of the protruding portion also varies. Therefore, the wood-based material other than the wood-based material having the longest, that is, the high protruding portion height (here, “short” For the wood material), the nail N is exposed between the flat plate W and the short wood material, and the nail N is hit so as to match the length of the longest wood material. In other words, the nails are connected between the short wooden material and the flat plate.

  The reef block in which the through hole is not filled with the wood-based material is manufactured by a normal method using a through-hole forming member instead of the wood-based material.

  Then, the example of the construction method of the artificial reef using the block for fish reefs of this invention is demonstrated. First, the second invention will be described. In 2nd invention, the cross-sectional shape of the main-body part is square in the block of 1st invention.

  For example, when the reef block 100 shown in FIG. 1 is used, two (or three or more) blocks are stacked as shown in FIG. Specifically, an artificial reef is constructed as follows.

  First, the first fish reef block 100a is installed on the seabed, and the second fish reef block 100b having the same shape and size is placed thereon with the legs 30a and 30a of the first fish reef block 100a and the second. Are placed so that the leg portions 30b and 30b of the fish reef block are at right angles to each other.

  When using a block comprising a wood-based material, it is used in such a combination that the height of the portion protruding from the main body of the wood-based material is a height that does not affect the stacking of the blocks.

  Third and fourth reef blocks may be further stacked on the second reef block 100b. In short, what is necessary is just to rotate and rotate 90 degree | times so that the leg part of the two fish reef blocks which mutually contact may not overlap. Moreover, it is preferable to use what has a woody material which protrudes from the upper surface 10x of the main-body part 10 for the uppermost block.

  The second reef block 100b may be smaller than the first reef block 100a, and the third and subsequent reef blocks placed as necessary may be successively smaller. preferable. When the reef block is used in such a combination, there is no obstacle on the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface 10x of the first reef block 100a, so that seaweeds can grow without height restriction, Since the outer surface of the leg portion 30b of the second fish reef block 100b is an inclined surface facing inward, the outer surface of the leg portion 30b is outside the outer surface of the first fish reef block 100a and on the upper surface 10x. In addition, since a space suitable for hiding fishes and the like is formed inside the portion where the seaweed has prospered, and there is a space under the main body portion 10 of the second fish reef block 100b. This is because it is easy for fish to gather in this space.

  Further, the third invention will be described. In the third invention, in the block of the first invention, the cross-sectional shape of the main body has two long sides facing each other, two short sides facing each other perpendicular to the long sides, and a long side. It is an octagon consisting of four sides located between the side and the short side, and the lower side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body portion is connected to the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion and is inclined downward toward the inside. One having two legs having an outer surface extending in the direction is used. Examples of specific shapes of such blocks have already been described in the first invention.

  For example, in the case of using a 300 which is slightly chamfered, that is, chamfered, the outer periphery of the upper surface of the fish reef block 200 shown in FIG. 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, two first reef blocks 300a and 300a are The octagonal long sides c1 and c2 which are transverse cross-sectional shapes of the main body portion 10 are installed in close proximity to each other, and the second fish reef blocks 300b and 300b are placed on them. The long sides c1 and c2 of the octagon which is the cross-sectional shape of the main body 10 are parallel and close to each other, and the leg portions 30a and 30a of the first fish reef blocks 300a and 300a and the second The reef blocks 300b and 300b are placed so that the legs 30b and 30b are at right angles to each other, and only one third reef block 300c is provided, and the second reef blocks 300b and 3b are provided. 0b leg 30b, as 30b and the leg portion 30c of the third reef block 300c is at right angles to each other, the second reef block 300b, are placed on the central portion of the 300b.

  When only one fish reef block is used, two fish reef blocks are not placed on only one block. That is, for example, when the third stage is formed with only one block, each stage after the fourth stage has only one block.

  As described above, an artificial fish reef, a jetty or a breakwater is constructed. “Installing two reef blocks close to each other” includes installing the two blocks in contact with each other and installing them slightly apart, but when constructing an artificial reef, It is preferable that the juxtaposed fish reef blocks are slightly separated from the viewpoint of securing movement or habitat for fish or the like. Moreover, in the case of construction of a jetty or a breakwater, the juxtaposed fish reef blocks may be in contact with each other or may be slightly separated depending on the situation of the construction site.

  The blocks used in the third invention may all be the same or different. In addition, when using the block provided with wood type material, it uses in combination that the height of the part which protrudes from the main-body part of wood type material becomes the height which does not affect the stack of a block.

  In the example shown in FIG. 14 and in the case where the third fish reef block 300c is not used, the second fish reef is on the upper surface 10x of the main body portion 10a of the first fish reef blocks 300a and 300a. A portion where there is no obstacle is formed in a portion where the block 300b is not placed (that is, an upper portion of the portion where the leg portions 30a and 30a are present). Therefore, seaweeds can thrive at that location without height restrictions. On the other hand, in the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion 10b of the second fish reef block 300b, the portion corresponding to the long side c1 (or c2) of the octagon which is the cross-sectional shape of the main body portion 10b, and the lower portion 10t is Since it is an inclined surface facing inward, it is outside the outer peripheral lower part 10t, on the upper surfaces 10x, 10x of the first fish reef blocks 300a, 300a, and inside the place where the seaweed has grown. Makes a space suitable for hiding fish. There is also a space below the main body 10b of the second fish reef block 300b. Therefore, it is easy for fish to gather in these spaces.

  Furthermore, the example of construction of another artificial fish reef, jetty or offshore dike according to the third invention, in other words, an example of how to stack fish reef blocks is shown.

  In FIG. 15, two fish reef blocks 600 and 600 having protrusions 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d as stoppers on the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 shown in FIG. An upper side shows a side view of an example in which the fish reef blocks 200 and 200 shown in FIG. 3 are installed. FIG. 16B shows two octagonal shapes that are on the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 shown in FIG. 5 and have the planar shape of the upper surface 10x of the main body 10 (that is, the cross-sectional shape of the main body). The reef blocks 800 and 800 having protrusions 9x and 9y having flat tops at locations close to the long side are used at the bottom, and the top (top) is the reef block 200 shown in FIG. The side view of the example which installed 200 is shown. In FIG. 17, two fish reef blocks 400, 400 having recesses 80, 80 in the main body 10 shown in FIG. 7 are used in the lowermost stage, and the fish reef blocks 700, 700 ( The side view of the example which installed the thing which has the same shape as the block 200 for fish reef except the height of the leg part 30 is shown is shown. In FIG. 18, the fish reef blocks 200 and 200 shown in FIG. 3 are used at the lowest level, and the upper (upper level) extends downward from the vicinity of the center of the lower surface 10 y of the main body 10 shown in FIG. 8. The side view of the example which installed the block 500,500 for fish reefs which has the 3rd leg part 31 is shown.

  As described above, in the third invention, the cross-sectional shape of the main body portion of the first fish reef block has two long sides that face each other and two that face each other at right angles to the long sides. It is an octagon consisting of four short sides and four sides located between the long side and the short side, and is connected to the outer periphery of the main body part from the short side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body part to the inside. A fish reef block having two legs with an outer surface extending downward while tilting toward the bottom is shifted by 90 degrees for each step of the block (in other words, the legs are placed at the same place every other step). Just stack up).

  In the third invention, the number of the lowest block is two, and the number of blocks after the second is two or one. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the four reef blocks of the first invention are provided. (Specifically, two at the bottom and two at the top) A unit constructed from the implementation of the third invention, and by combining two or more such units, only artificial fish reefs It is also possible to construct a jetty and a breakwater.

  Next, the fourth invention will be described. Also in the construction method of the artificial fish reef, jetty or offshore bank according to the fourth invention, blocks having the same shape as those used in the third invention are used. However, three or more fish reef blocks are used at the bottom. The arrangement of the reef blocks in the lowermost stage is the same as in the case of the third invention. The major difference from the third invention is in the arrangement of the blocks in the second stage. The description will be made with reference to the artificial fish reef, jetty or offshore bank shown in FIG.

  In the fourth invention, on the first fish reef block (I) installed at the end and the first fish reef block (II) installed adjacent thereto, the second fish reef block (I ) For the second reef such that the legs of the first reef block (I), (II) and the second reef block (I) are at right angles to each other and in the same direction. Place a space where the block (II) can be placed. In addition, the second reef block (II) is close to the second reef block (I) so that the long sides of the octagonal shape of the cross section of the main body thereof are parallel to each other. However, the first reef block (II) and its neighbors are shifted by about 1/2 in the longitudinal direction of the long side of the octagonal cross section of the main body of the second reef block (I). On the first reef block (III). In this way, the second fish reef block is shifted by about 1/2 in the length direction of the long side of the octagon of the cross-sectional shape of the main body, in other words, while being staggered, Placed on the block. Accordingly, the first fish reef blocks (I) and (III) at both ends are exposed because 1/2 or more of the upper surface area is not placed on the second fish reef block.

  If the first reef block (IV) or later is also installed, the second reef block (III) or later is placed in the same manner, and placed at both ends of the first reef block. As for the fish, the second fish reef block is not placed on half or more of the area of the upper surface.

  All the blocks used in the fourth invention may be the same or different. In addition, when using the block provided with wood type material, it uses in combination that the height of the part which protrudes from the main-body part of wood type material becomes the height which does not affect the stack of a block.

  The fifth invention relates to an artificial fish reef, a jetty or a breakwater, in which two or more fish reef blocks according to the first invention are juxtaposed and / or stacked. Such preferred examples of the artificial fish reef, jetty or offshore bank have already been mentioned in the description of the second to fourth inventions.

  Finally, the sixth invention will be described. The method for constructing an artificial fish reef or algae reef according to the sixth invention is as follows: (1) One or more fish reefs including the fish reef block according to the first invention, wherein the through hole is filled with a wood-based material Installing the block on the seabed, (2) digesting and decomposing the woody material with an organism capable of digesting cellulose, restoring the through hole, and (3) propagating seaweed on the fish reef block .

  The first step is a step of installing the fish reef block of the first invention on the seabed. One or two or more fish reef blocks may be used. However, at least one of the blocks to be used is one in which the through hole is filled with a wood material. When two or more fish reef blocks are used, their relative arrangement is not particularly limited as long as the fish reef blocks can be juxtaposed or stacked.

  The second step is a step of digesting and decomposing the wood-based material filled in the through-hole using a living organism having cellulosic digestibility such as beetle, and returning the through-hole as a result. Since organisms having cellulosic digestibility survive in the sea, the second step is carried out taking 2 to 5 years using these organisms.

  The third step is a step of breeding seaweed on the fish reef block. More specifically, it is a process in which seeds and spores of seaweeds existing in the sea are implanted in the concrete part of the reef block and the woody material, so that the seaweed grows and proliferates.

  The second step and the third step proceed simultaneously, that is, when the through-hole is restored due to the disappearance of the wood-based material, there is an artificial fish reef or algae reef where seaweed grows and valuable herbivores live. It ’s done.

  In carrying out the sixth invention, it is preferable to use only a fish reef block in which all through holes are filled with a wood-based material. This is because when only such a reef block is used, the seaweed can be proliferated prior to the inhabiting of herbivores such as fish, sea bream, lobster, sea urchin, etc. that use seaweed and seaweed buds as food. More specifically, it is as follows.

  In the sixth invention, when the reef block is installed on the seabed, first, organisms having cellulosic digestibility such as beetles and bark beetles inhabit the place where the woody material exists, and the woody material is caused by those organisms. Is digested and decomposed. Pests such as beetles and holes on the concrete surface are narrow enough for snails and other vegetative organisms to inhabit, but are sufficient for seeds and spores of seaweeds and small crustaceans and polychaetes to inhabit. It is a big size. The area around the reef block is a good feeding ground due to the presence of beetles, small crustaceans and polychaetes. That is, fish that prefer small crustaceans, snail beetles, etc. gather around the reef block. In addition, when fish that prefer small crustaceans and snail beetles gather, fish that use seaweed as food, herbivores, lobsters, sea urchins and other herbivorous organisms will not gather, so the seaweed attached to the reef block will flourish become. When 2 to 5 years have passed since the installation of the reef block on the seabed, the beetle and the like will digest and decompose the woody material, and the woody material will disappear. When wood-based materials disappear, fish beetles will disappear, so fish that prefer small crustaceans, beetles, etc. will not gather, and instead, through the revived through-holes due to the disappearance of wood-based materials, seaweed will be used as food. Fish, sharks, lobsters, sea urchins and other herbivorous creatures. However, by this time, the seaweed has already grown sufficiently, so even if the number of herbivorous organisms increases, it is not easily damaged by firewood. Therefore, finally, an artificial fish reef or algae reef where seaweed grows and inhabited by valuable vegetative organisms is completed.

  The preferred examples of the present invention have been described above, but these are only examples, and the present invention is not limited to these preferred examples. The scope of the invention is defined only by the claims.

It is a perspective view which shows typically an example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically another example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a side view of the block for fish reefs of FIG. It is a top view which shows typically another example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a top view which shows typically another example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a processus | protrusion. It is the top view and side view which show typically another example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a side view which shows typically another example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically another example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the example of arrangement | positioning and shape of the wooden material which seals the through-hole and the through-hole in the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the state in the middle of manufacture of the block for fish reefs shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the state in the middle of manufacture of an example of the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the artificial fish reef which piled up the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows another example of the artificial fish reef which piled up the block for fish reefs of this invention. It is a side view which shows an example of the artificial fish reef constructed | assembled using the block for fish reef which has the processus | protrusion used as a stopper in the lowest stage. It is a side view which shows an example of the artificial fish reef constructed | assembled using the block for fish reef which does not have the protrusion which supports the block for fish reef mounted on it at the lowest level (A) and (B). It is a side view which shows an example of the artificial reef constructed | assembled using the block for fish reef which has a recessed part in the lowest step. It is a side view which shows an example of the artificial fish reef constructed | assembled using the block for fish reef which has a 3rd leg part in the 2nd step from the bottom (this example uppermost step). It is a perspective view which shows typically an example of the artificial fish reef constructed | assembled using the block for fish reefs of this invention, a jetty, or a breakwater. It is a perspective view which shows typically another example of the artificial fish reef constructed | assembled using the block for fish reefs of this invention, a jetty, or a breakwater.

Explanation of symbols

5 Through-hole 9 Protrusion 10 Main body 30 Leg 40 Woody material 50 Flat top 60 Recess 70 Anchor bolt hole 80 Recess 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 Fish reef block

Claims (9)

A concrete fish reef block having a polygonal cross-sectional shape and an outer surface extending downward and inward from a part of the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion to the outer peripheral portion. Two or more leg portions having one or more through-holes that linearly connect the upper surface and the lower surface of the main body portion in a portion having no leg portion below the main body portion. Reef block. The fish reef block according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the outer peripheral portion of the main body is an inclined surface directed inward. Two leg portions are provided, and the leg portions extend downward while inclining inward from each of two opposite sides a and b of the polygonal shape on the lower surface of the main body portion. The fish reef block according to claim 1 or 2. Furthermore, the wood-based material filled in the through hole, the end portion may protrude from the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the body portion, provided that the height of the portion protruding from the lower surface is The reef block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fish reef block has a height equal to or less than a height of the leg portion. The first fish reef block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the main body has a square cross-sectional shape is placed on the seabed or beach, and on top of that, The second reef block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the main body portion has a square cross-sectional shape, and if necessary, a third or later reef block In this case, when the fish reef block according to claim 4 is used, the height of the protruding portion of the wood-based material is a height that does not hinder the stacking of the reef blocks. That is how to build an artificial reef. 6. The artificial body according to claim 5, wherein the second reef block is smaller than the first reef block, and further, the third and subsequent reef blocks are sequentially reduced as necessary. How to build a fish reef. 5. The first fish reef block according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the main body portion is two long sides facing each other and a phase perpendicular to the long sides. It is an octagon consisting of two short sides facing each other and four sides located between the long side and the short side, and continues from the short side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body to the outer periphery of the main body. Two first fish reef blocks having two legs having an outer surface inclined downward while extending inward, and the long sides of the octagons of the two first reef blocks are parallel to each other. And the second fish reef block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the main body is Two long sides facing each other and two short sides facing each other at right angles to them It is an octagon consisting of four sides located between the long side and the short side, and is inclined inward from the short side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body portion to the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion. One or two second reef blocks having two legs with outwardly extending outer surfaces, the first reef block legs and the second reef block legs being at right angles to each other; And when two second reef blocks are used, the octagonal long sides of the two second reef blocks are placed in close proximity to each other. Further, if necessary, the third and subsequent fish reef blocks are also mounted. Here, when the fish reef block according to claim 4 is used, the protruding portion of the woody material is used. The height of the reef block is not high enough to stack the reef blocks. When placing the lock only one, the only one reef blocks two to reef for the block is never mounted, artificial reef, how to build a jetty or offshore bank. 5. The first fish reef block according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the main body portion is two long sides facing each other and a phase perpendicular to the long sides. It is an octagon consisting of two short sides facing each other and four sides located between the long side and the short side, and continues from the short side of the octagonal shape on the lower surface of the main body to the outer periphery of the main body. Three or more first fish reef blocks having two legs having an outer surface that is inclined inward and extending downward are placed close to each other so that the long sides of the octagon are parallel to each other and close to each other. The first fish reef block (I) installed on the beach and installed at the end and the first fish reef block (II) installed next to the first reef block (II) are provided on any one of claims 1 to 4. The second reef block according to claim, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the main body part is two long sides facing each other. , An octagon composed of two short sides facing each other at right angles to the long sides and four sides located between the long sides and the short sides of the octagonal shape on the bottom surface of the main body. A second reef block (I) having two legs having an outer surface extending downward while being inclined inward from the side to the outer peripheral portion of the main body portion, the first reef block ( A space in which the second fish reef block (II) can be placed in the same direction so that the legs of I) and (II) and the second fish reef block (I) are at right angles to each other The second reef block (II) is placed close to the second reef block (I) so that the long sides of the octagon are parallel to each other, and The first reef block (II) and the first fish next to it are shifted by about 1/2 in the longitudinal direction of the long side of the octagon of the second reef block (I). If it is placed on the reef block (III) and the first reef block (IV) or later is installed on the seabed or beach, the second reef block (III) or later is the same. Accordingly, the first reef block at both ends is exposed because 1/2 or more of the area of the upper surface of the first reef block is not placed on the second reef block, In the case of using the fish reef block according to claim 4, the construction of the artificial reef, jetty or offshore dike, wherein the height of the protruding portion of the wooden material is a height that does not hinder the stacking of the fish reef block Method. An artificial fish reef, a jetty, or a breakwater, in which two or more fish reef blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are juxtaposed and / or stacked.

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