JP6115865B2 - Underwater organism growth medium and method for producing underwater organism growth medium - Google Patents
Underwater organism growth medium and method for producing underwater organism growth medium Download PDFInfo
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- JP6115865B2 JP6115865B2 JP2013159167A JP2013159167A JP6115865B2 JP 6115865 B2 JP6115865 B2 JP 6115865B2 JP 2013159167 A JP2013159167 A JP 2013159167A JP 2013159167 A JP2013159167 A JP 2013159167A JP 6115865 B2 JP6115865 B2 JP 6115865B2
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- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 230000005789 organism growth Effects 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009739 binding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は、セメントと骨材と砂とから固化成形した水中生物生育培体及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an aquatic organism growth medium solidified from cement, aggregate and sand, and a method for producing the same.
一般的に、セメントと骨材と砂とからなる材料によって、固化反応させてブロック状の成形体を形成するには、セメントの成分である珪酸カルシウム中の酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ）が、水（Ｈ2Ｏ）と水和反応して水酸化カルシウム（Ｃａ（ＯＨ）2）を生成し、これらの反応の進行とともに、固化した微粒子がさらにセメント中の珪酸（ＳｉＯ2）イオン
やアルミナ（Ａｌ2Ｏ3）イオンと反応して、エトリンガイトと呼ばれるセメント水和物を生成し、更に水和物粒子同士が結合して固形物が形成されるものと考えられている。
しかし、上記セメント固化反応は、ＰＨの低下や、分散性のある因子の存在によって凝集作用が低下し、反応が阻害されて固化困難になるものと考えられている。
従来、前記水中生物生育培体を製造するのに、セメントと砂利などの骨材と砂との混合物に、水生生物に対する栄養素としてアミノ酸などを更に混入させて固化成形することが提案されているが、混入させる栄養素としては、セメント固化反応においてＰＨを低下させたり、固化反応により生成する微細な水和物同士の結合反応が抑制されたりすることがあり、水中生物生育培体を製造するのは困難であった。
そこで、混入するアミノ酸としてアルギニン単独の場合に限って水中生物生育培体を製造できることが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
In general, in order to form a block-shaped molded body by a solidification reaction using a material composed of cement, aggregate and sand, calcium oxide (CaO) in calcium silicate which is a component of cement is water (H 2 O) and hydrated to produce calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ). As these reactions progress, the solidified fine particles further become silicic acid (SiO 2 ) ions and alumina (Al 2 O) in the cement. 3 ) It is considered that a cement hydrate called ettringite is produced by reacting with ions, and hydrate particles are further bonded to form a solid.
However, the cement solidification reaction is considered to be difficult to solidify due to a decrease in pH and agglomeration action due to the presence of a dispersible factor, which inhibits the reaction.
Conventionally, in order to produce the aquatic organism growth medium, it has been proposed to further solidify the mixture by mixing amino acids and the like as nutrients for aquatic organisms into a mixture of aggregate and sand such as cement and gravel. As a nutrient to be mixed, there is a case where PH is lowered in a cement solidification reaction, or a binding reaction between fine hydrates generated by the solidification reaction may be suppressed. It was difficult.
Thus, it is known that an aquatic organism growth medium can be produced only when arginine is used alone as a mixed amino acid (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
上述した水中生物生育培体では、水中生物に必要な必須アミノ酸が不足して生育を十分に行えないという欠点があった。 The above-mentioned aquatic organism growth medium has a drawback in that the essential amino acids necessary for aquatic organisms are insufficient to allow sufficient growth.
従って、本発明の目的は、上記問題点を解消し、水中生物の生育に必要な多種のアミノ酸などの栄養素を十分に備えた水中生物生育培体を提供できるようにするところにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an aquatic organism growth medium that is sufficiently provided with nutrients such as various amino acids necessary for the growth of aquatic organisms.
本発明の第１の水中生物生育培体の特徴構成は、セメントと骨材と砂とから固化成形した水中生物生育培体であって、前記骨材の少なくとも一部が、多孔質材に水生生物に対する栄養素を含浸させると共に、その多孔質材の外表面を水中における前記栄養素の溶出を抑制する被覆層で覆ってある栄養供給骨材からなるものであるところにある。 The characteristic constitution of the first aquatic organism growth medium of the present invention is an aquatic organism growth medium solidified and formed from cement, aggregate and sand, and at least a part of the aggregate is aquatic in a porous material. It is made of a nutrient supply aggregate that is impregnated with nutrients for living organisms and whose outer surface is covered with a coating layer that suppresses elution of the nutrients in water.
本発明の第１の特徴構成によれば、骨材の少なくとも一部が、多孔質材に水生生物に対する栄養素を含浸させると共に、その多孔質材の外表面を水中における前記栄養素の溶出を抑制する被覆層で覆ってある栄養供給骨材からなるものを使用して、その骨材とセメントと砂から水中生物生育培体を固化成形することにより、セメントの固化反応時に、多孔質材に含浸させた栄養素が溶出してセメントの固化反応を阻害する虞を防止でき、強度の高いコンクリート製の水中生物生育培体を提供できる。
従って、その水中生物生育培体を、水中に投入する漁礁や、テトラポット等に使用できる。
しかも、固化成形した水中生物生育培体における栄養供給骨材は、外表面を覆ってある被覆層によって、ゆっくりと時間をかけて、水中生物のために必要な栄養素が溶出してきて、水中生物の繁殖を促進させることができる。
According to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, at least a part of the aggregate impregnates the porous material with nutrients for aquatic organisms, and suppresses the elution of the nutrients in water on the outer surface of the porous material. By using a material composed of a nutrient supply aggregate covered with a coating layer and solidifying and molding an underwater biological growth medium from the aggregate, cement and sand, the porous material is impregnated during the cement solidification reaction. It is possible to prevent the possibility that the nutrients elute and inhibit the cement solidification reaction, and to provide a high-strength concrete underwater biological growth medium.
Therefore, the aquatic organism growth medium can be used for fishing reefs, tetrapots and the like to be poured into water.
In addition, the nutrient supply aggregate in the solidified aquatic organism growing medium slowly dissolves the nutrients necessary for aquatic organisms by the coating layer covering the outer surface, Breeding can be promoted.
本発明の第２の特徴構成は、前記多孔質材が有機多孔質体または無機多孔質体であり、前記被覆層が水硬性材料からなるところにある。 According to a second characteristic configuration of the present invention, the porous material is an organic porous material or an inorganic porous material, and the coating layer is made of a hydraulic material.
本発明の第２の特徴構成によれば、本発明の第１の特徴構成による上述の作用効果を叶えることができるのに加えて、有機多孔質体または無機多孔質体からなる多孔質材に栄養素を含浸させるのに、一般的には栄養素を溶解させた水溶液で含浸させることで、容易に多孔質材中に担持させることができ、その状態で、その外表面を水硬性材料で覆うことで、多孔質体中の水分を吸収して硬化反応をおこさせて、被覆層を簡単に形成することができる。 According to the second characteristic configuration of the present invention, in addition to being able to achieve the above-described operational effects according to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, a porous material comprising an organic porous material or an inorganic porous material is provided. In order to impregnate the nutrients, it is generally possible to easily carry them in the porous material by impregnating with an aqueous solution in which the nutrients are dissolved, and in that state, the outer surface is covered with a hydraulic material. Thus, the coating layer can be easily formed by absorbing moisture in the porous body to cause a curing reaction.
本発明の第３の特徴構成は、前記有機多孔質体は、木片、魚粉、繊維材、海綿体の中の少なくとも１種であるところにある。 The 3rd characteristic structure of this invention exists in the place where the said organic porous body is at least 1 sort (s) in a wooden piece, a fish meal, a fiber material, and a sponge body.
本発明の第３の特徴構成によれば、木片、魚粉、繊維材、海綿体の中の少なくとも１種で有機多孔質体を形成してあることにより、一般的に廃棄物として放出させるものを利用でき、安価で環境にやさしい材料を使用できる。 According to the third characteristic configuration of the present invention, an organic porous body is formed of at least one of a piece of wood, fish meal, a fiber material, and a spongy body. Available, inexpensive and environmentally friendly materials can be used.
本発明の第４の特徴構成は、前記被覆層は、セメント、生石灰（ＣａＯ）、漆喰、の中から選択されたものによって形成されたものである。 According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the coating layer is formed by a material selected from cement, quicklime (CaO), and plaster.
本発明の第４の特徴構成によれば、セメント、生石灰（ＣａＯ）、漆喰、の中から選択された被覆層は、安価な材料により、多孔質材から水分を吸収して容易に栄養素の溶出を抑制する保護膜を形成できる。 According to the fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the coating layer selected from cement, quicklime (CaO), and plaster absorbs moisture from the porous material by an inexpensive material and easily dissolves nutrients. The protective film which suppresses can be formed.
本発明の第５の特徴構成は、前記栄養素は、フィッシュミールのソリブルである。 According to a fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the nutrient is a fish meal solibble.
本発明の第５の特徴構成によれば、栄養素として使用するフィッシュミールのソリブルは、安価で入手しやすい材料で、水生生物の生育に必要な必須アミノ酸を多く含んでいる。
そのために単一のアミノ酸を含んだだけの従来提案のテトラポットに比べて、水中生物の繁殖を、良好に行わせることができる。
According to the fifth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the fish meal solubil used as a nutrient is an inexpensive and readily available material and contains many essential amino acids necessary for the growth of aquatic organisms.
Therefore, as compared with the conventionally proposed tetrapot only containing a single amino acid, it is possible to reproduce the aquatic organisms well.
本発明の第６の特徴構成は、前記栄養素は、特定して生育させる水中生物の種類に応じて、必須アミノ酸の配合割合を調整するべく意図的に合成したものである。 According to a sixth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the nutrient is intentionally synthesized so as to adjust the blending ratio of essential amino acids according to the type of aquatic organisms to be specified and grown.
本発明の第７の水中生物生育培体の製造方法の特徴構成は、多孔質材に水生生物に対する栄養素の溶解液を含浸させた後、その栄養素含浸多孔質材の表面に水硬性材料の粉体を接触させ、前記栄養素含浸多孔質材に含浸した前記溶解液中の水分を前記水硬性材料に吸水させて前記水硬性材料を硬化反応させ、前記水硬性材料の硬化反応により前記多孔質材の表面に、栄養素の溶出を抑制する被覆層を形成した栄養供給骨材を形成し、前記栄養供給骨材を、セメントと砂とに混入させる骨材の少なくとも一部に使用して固化成形するところにある。 According to the seventh aspect of the method for producing an aquatic organism growth medium of the present invention, the porous material is impregnated with a solution of nutrients for aquatic organisms, and then the surface of the nutrient-impregnated porous material is powdered with a hydraulic material. The porous material is brought into contact with the body, the water in the solution impregnated in the nutrient-impregnated porous material is absorbed into the hydraulic material, the hydraulic material is cured, and the porous material is cured by the curing reaction of the hydraulic material. A nutrient supply aggregate having a coating layer that suppresses elution of nutrients is formed on the surface of the material, and the nutrient supply aggregate is solidified and formed using at least a part of the aggregate mixed with cement and sand. By the way.
本発明の第７の特徴構成によれば、多孔質材の表面に、栄養素の溶出を抑制する被覆層を形成した栄養供給骨材を形成するのに、多孔質材に水生生物に対する栄養素の溶解液を含浸させた後、その栄養素含浸多孔質材の表面に水硬性材料の粉体を接触させ、前記栄養素含浸多孔質材に含浸した前記溶解液中の水分を前記水硬性材料に吸水させて前記水硬性材料を硬化反応させることで、多孔質材中に溶解液の状態で容易に栄養素を含浸させられると共に、溶解液中の水分を、水硬性材料によって吸水除去させることができ、多孔質材から簡単に栄養素が溶出しないようにできる。
しかも、水硬性材料の硬化反応により、多孔質材の外表面を強固に保護でき、骨材としての機能を十分に発揮させることができる。
そして、前記栄養供給骨材を、セメントと砂とに混入させる骨材の少なくとも一部に使用して固化成形することにより、強度の高いコンクリート製の水中生物生育培体を製造できる。
According to the seventh characteristic configuration of the present invention, a nutrient supply aggregate in which a coating layer that suppresses elution of nutrients is formed on the surface of the porous material. After impregnating the liquid, the powder of the hydraulic material is brought into contact with the surface of the nutrient-impregnated porous material, and water in the solution impregnated in the nutrient-impregnated porous material is absorbed by the hydraulic material. By causing the hydraulic material to undergo a curing reaction, the porous material can be easily impregnated with nutrients in the form of a solution, and the water in the solution can be absorbed and removed by the hydraulic material. Nutrients can easily be prevented from eluting from the wood.
In addition, the outer surface of the porous material can be strongly protected by the curing reaction of the hydraulic material, and the function as an aggregate can be sufficiently exhibited.
And the above-mentioned nutrient supply aggregate is used for at least a part of aggregate mixed with cement and sand and solidified and molded, whereby a high-strength concrete underwater organism growth medium can be manufactured.
以下に本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１〜図３に示すように、本発明の水中生物生育培体は、多孔質材として廃棄物木片１を多数準備して、その多数の木片１に、水生生物に対する栄養素としてのフィッシュミールのソリブル４を含浸させ、そのソリブル４の含浸した木片１の外表面に、水硬性材料としてセメント６粉体を付着させて木片１中の水分を吸水させることで固化反応させ、木片１の外表面を覆う固化した被覆層２によって、木片１の外表面から栄養素が水中に溶出するのを抑制する不動化機能を備えた栄養供給骨材３を形成する。そして、前記栄養供給骨材３を全骨材の少なくとも一部として、砂５とセメント６に混入させてコンクリート材料を構成させ、そのコンクリート材料に水を添加し固化反応させてコンクリートブロック７を形成し、水中生物生育用の培体に構成する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the aquatic organism growth medium of the present invention prepares a large number of
前記栄養素として使用するフィッシュミールのソリブル４は、水揚げされた魚や一般的に廃棄処分される魚のアラを蒸煮して圧搾により脂と水溶液とを分離し、その分離した水溶液（スティックウォーターと称する）を更に水分５０〜６０％にまで濃縮したものである。
尚、前記脂と水溶液を分離した物を乾燥したものがフィッシュミール（魚粉）で、前記脂(魚油)と共に利用される。
前記水溶液(スティックウォーター)は、約９０％が水分で、粗タンパク質１０％、粗脂肪分０．３０％、粗繊維質０．１％未満、粗灰分０．４０％、全窒素１７０００ｍｇ／Ｌ、リン０．１３％、ＰＨ６．１（２３℃）の成分をしめすものであり、これに対し、ソリブル４は、その成分分析によれば、水分５４．６％、粗タンパク質３９．５％、粗脂肪２．８％、粗灰分４．７％のものや、水分６０％、粗タンパク質３５．８％、粗脂肪分２．５％、粗灰分４．１％の物で、これらを使用する。
前記スティックウォーターを水分約５０〜６０％にまで濃縮したソリブル４は、一般的には肥料に使用されたり廃棄されたりするのであるが、廃棄するには経費のかかる水処理が必要となる。しかし、ソリブル４中には、水生生物としての魚介類や藻類などの生育のための多種の必須アミノ酸や窒素（Ｎ）、リン（Ｐ）などの栄養素が多く含まれる。
そのために安価な栄養材料としてソリブル４を使用するが、単純に木片１に含浸させたものを骨材として、セメント６と砂５に混入させただけでは、ＰＨが低下するためにセメント６の固化反応が阻害されやすい。
Fishmeal Solibble 4 used as the nutrient is a steamed fish or generally discarded fish, which is separated from fat and aqueous solution by pressing, and the separated aqueous solution (referred to as stick water) is used. Further, the water is concentrated to 50 to 60%.
In addition, what dried the thing which isolate | separated the said fat and aqueous solution is fishmeal (fish meal), and is utilized with the said fat (fish oil).
The aqueous solution (stick water) is about 90% water, crude protein 10%, crude fat content 0.30%, crude fiber content less than 0.1%, crude ash content 0.40%, total nitrogen 17000mg / L, In contrast to this, the component of phosphorus 0.13% and pH 6.1 (23 ° C.) indicates that Soluble 4 has a moisture content of 54.6%, a crude protein of 39.5%, a crude protein of These are those having a fat of 2.8%, a crude ash content of 4.7%, a water content of 60%, a crude protein of 35.8%, a crude fat content of 2.5%, and a crude ash content of 4.1%.
The solubil 4 obtained by concentrating the stick water to about 50 to 60% of water is generally used as a fertilizer or discarded. However, expensive water treatment is required for disposal. However, Soluble 4 contains a large amount of various essential amino acids and nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) for the growth of seafood and algae as aquatic organisms.
For this purpose, Solibble 4 is used as an inexpensive nutritional material. However, simply by impregnating the piece of
本発明では、ソリブル４を含浸した木片１の外周面にセメント６粉体を塗して、そのセメント６粉体に木片１の水分を吸水させて、固化反応を起こさせて被覆層２を形成する。その被覆層２による保護のために、骨材や砂５と混入したコンクリート材料中のセメント６固化反応時に、木片１中の栄養素が溶出せずに、セメント６固化反応を阻害するのを防止できる。
尚、本発明の水中生物生育培体として固化成形したコンクリートブロック７は、テトラポットのような形状以外に、図４（ａ）から図５（ｈ）に示すように、漁礁や、水中構造物としての自由な形状に成形してもよい。
In the present invention, the
In addition, the
〔別実施形態〕
以下に他の実施の形態を説明する。
〈１〉 前記多孔質材としては、廃棄物としての木片以外に、間伐材を粉砕した木片や、魚粉、繊維材、海綿体等の有機質多孔体を利用する例や、活性炭、軽石等の無機多孔質体を利用してもよい。
〈２〉 前記被覆層を形成する材料としては、セメント以外に、生石灰（ＣａＯ）、漆喰など無機水硬性材料の少なくとも１種が使用でき、また、通水性を確保できるものであれば合成樹脂等の有機硬化性材料も使用できる。
〈３〉 前記栄養素としては、フィッシュミールのソリブル以外に、特定して生育させる水生生物の種類に応じて、必須アミノ酸の配合割合を調整するべく意図的に合成したものでもよい。
[Another embodiment]
Other embodiments will be described below.
<1> Examples of the porous material include, in addition to wood chips as waste, wood pieces obtained by pulverizing thinned wood, organic porous bodies such as fish meal, fiber materials, and sponges, and inorganic materials such as activated carbon and pumice. A porous body may be used.
<2> As a material for forming the coating layer, in addition to cement, at least one inorganic hydraulic material such as quick lime (CaO) and plaster can be used, and a synthetic resin or the like can be used as long as water permeability can be secured. Organic curable materials can also be used.
<3> In addition to the fishmeal solubil, the nutrient may be intentionally synthesized to adjust the blending ratio of essential amino acids according to the type of aquatic organisms to be specifically grown.
次に、セメント６と骨材と砂５との混合物を各種準備して、それらの混合成分に水を添加してコンクリートブロック７を成形し、強度を確認するために、３０〜５０ｃｍの高さから落下試験を行い割れるかどうかを確認する実験をした。
Next, various mixtures of
[実施例１]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させた木片で漆喰などの水硬性材料により形成した被覆層で覆ったものとの比が、９：１である。
[Example 1]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[実施例２]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させた木片で上記被覆層で覆ったものとの比が、３：１である。
[Example 2]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[比較例１]
セメント：砂：骨材：ソリブル＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材は、全てバラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石を使用する。
[Comparative Example 1]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Solibble = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (volume ratio)
In addition, the said aggregate uses the general crushed stone called all ballasts.
[比較例２]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５（体積比）
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させた未乾燥の木片で、且つ、被覆層で覆ってないものとの比が、１：２である。
[Comparative Example 2]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[比較例３]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させた未乾燥の木片で、且つ、被覆層で覆ってないものとの比が、１：１である。
[Comparative Example 3]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the above-mentioned
[比較例４]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させた未乾燥の木片で、且つ、被覆層で覆ってないものとの比が、３：１である。
[Comparative Example 4]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[比較例５]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５（体積比）
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させて乾燥させた木片で、且つ、被覆層で覆ってないものとの比が、１：２である。
[Comparative Example 5]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[比較例６]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させて乾燥させた木片で、且つ、被覆層で覆ってないものとの比が、１：１である。
[Comparative Example 6]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[比較例７]
セメント：砂：骨材：水＝１：３：６：０．５(体積比)
尚、上記骨材６中において、バラスと呼ばれる一般的な砕石と、ソリブルを含浸させて乾燥させた木片で、且つ、被覆層で覆ってないものとの比が、３：１である。
[Comparative Example 7]
Cement: Sand: Aggregate: Water = 1: 3: 6: 0.5 (Volume ratio)
In the
[結果]
上記の実施例１及び実施例２は、セメントが固化して強度も十分にあった。
比較例１は、全体が固化せずに形状が保てなく崩壊した。
従って、水の代わりに投入したソリブルがＰＨを低下させ、そのＰＨ低下によって、セメントの固化反応が阻害されたものと思われる。
比較例２〜比較例６は、ソリブルを含浸した木片が、被覆層で覆われていないために、セメントの固化反応中に木片中のソリブルが溶出してきて、セメントの固化反応を阻害し、そのために、セメントの固化反応が悪く、強度が十分なく落下試験で砕けてしまった。
比較例７は、セメントが固化したが、強度が不十分で、落下試験で割れてしまった。これは、木片の混入率が低く、且つ、乾燥後の木片からのソリブルの溶出量が少なかったために、セメントが一応固化したものの、やはり、溶出ソリブルによるセメント固化反応の阻害が原因で、強度不足になったものと思われる。
また、上記実施例１のように砕石の混入割合が多くなればなるほどブロックとしての強度は上がるが、水中生物生育能が低減し、実施例２のように、木片の混入割合が多くなればなるほど、水中生物生育能は向上するがブロックとしての強度が低下する。
[result]
In Examples 1 and 2, the cement was solidified and had sufficient strength.
In Comparative Example 1, the whole was not solidified, and the shape could not be maintained and collapsed.
Therefore, it is considered that the solubil introduced in place of water lowers the PH, and the solidification reaction of the cement is inhibited by the PH reduction.
In Comparative Examples 2 to 6, since the wood pieces impregnated with the solible are not covered with the coating layer, the solubilization in the wood pieces is eluted during the solidification reaction of the cement to inhibit the solidification reaction of the cement. In addition, the solidification reaction of the cement was poor, the strength was not sufficient, and it was crushed in the drop test.
In Comparative Example 7, the cement was solidified, but the strength was insufficient, and it was cracked in the drop test. This is because the mixing rate of wood fragments is low and the amount of solubil elution from the wood pieces after drying is small, so that the cement has solidified temporarily, but again the strength is insufficient due to the inhibition of the cement solidification reaction by the elution solibble It seems that it became.
Moreover, although the intensity | strength as a block goes up, so that the mixing rate of crushed stone increases like the said Example 1, underwater organism growth ability reduces, and the mixing rate of a piece of wood increases, like Example 2. In addition, the ability to grow underwater organisms is improved, but the strength as a block is reduced.
従って、上記試験で、固化したコンクリートブロックでは、漁礁や消波ブロックのように強度を上げるためには、骨材中の木片の混入割合を減らす必要があるが、コンクリートブロックの用途によっては、例えば、海砂採取によって生じた海中の凹部に投入する貧配合コンクリートに使用する場合には、低強度でも木片の配合比を多くすることができる。 Therefore, in the above test, in the solidified concrete block, it is necessary to reduce the mixing ratio of the wood pieces in the aggregate in order to increase the strength like fishing reefs and wave-dissipating blocks, but depending on the use of the concrete block, for example In addition, when used for poor blended concrete that is put into a recess in the sea generated by sea sand collection, the blending ratio of wood pieces can be increased even at low strength.
１ 木片(多孔質材)
２ 被覆層
３ 栄養供給骨材
４ ソリブル
５ 砂
６ セメント
1 Wood piece (porous material)
2
Claims (7)
前記骨材の少なくとも一部が、多孔質材に水生生物に対する栄養素を含浸させると共に、その多孔質材の外表面を水中における前記栄養素の溶出を抑制する被覆層で覆ってある栄養供給骨材からなる水中生物生育培体。 An underwater biological growth medium solidified from cement, aggregate and sand,
From the nutrient supply aggregate in which at least a part of the aggregate impregnates the porous material with nutrients for aquatic organisms and the outer surface of the porous material is covered with a coating layer that suppresses elution of the nutrient in water An underwater organism growing medium.
前記被覆層が水硬性材料からなるものである請求項１に記載の水中生物生育培体。 The porous material is an organic porous material or an inorganic porous material;
The underwater organism growth medium according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is made of a hydraulic material.
その栄養素含浸多孔質材の表面に水硬性材料の粉体を接触させ、
前記栄養素含浸多孔質材に含浸した前記溶解液中の水分を前記水硬性材料に吸水させて前記水硬性材料を硬化反応させ、
前記水硬性材料の硬化反応により前記多孔質材の表面に、栄養素の溶出を抑制する被覆層を形成した栄養供給骨材を形成し、
前記栄養供給骨材を、セメントと砂とに混入させる骨材の少なくとも一部に使用して固化成形する水中生物生育培体の製造方法。 After impregnating the porous material with a solution of nutrients for aquatic organisms,
The hydraulic material powder is brought into contact with the surface of the nutrient-impregnated porous material,
Causing the hydraulic material to absorb moisture in the solution impregnated in the nutrient-impregnated porous material, causing the hydraulic material to cure,
Forming a nutrient supply aggregate in which a coating layer that suppresses elution of nutrients is formed on the surface of the porous material by a curing reaction of the hydraulic material,
A method for producing an underwater biological growth medium, wherein the nutrient supply aggregate is used for at least a part of aggregate mixed with cement and sand.
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