JP2005006625A - Concrete block for growing marine algae - Google Patents

Concrete block for growing marine algae Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005006625A
JP2005006625A JP2003200776A JP2003200776A JP2005006625A JP 2005006625 A JP2005006625 A JP 2005006625A JP 2003200776 A JP2003200776 A JP 2003200776A JP 2003200776 A JP2003200776 A JP 2003200776A JP 2005006625 A JP2005006625 A JP 2005006625A
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Prior art keywords
concrete
seaweed
concrete block
block
nutrient soil
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigetaka Mori
繁隆 森
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Takashima Sangyo KK
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Takashima Sangyo KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concrete block for growing marine algae by promoting the growth of germ cells of the marine algae. <P>SOLUTION: This concrete block is provided by housing nutritious soil 3 obtained by mixing leaf mold, charcoal and pyroligneous acid or the soil 3 mixed with further iron oxide in a concrete block 1 having a hollow structure formed by using porous concrete or using normal concrete as a part of it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、海洋における魚貝類の資源回復のために必要な海草や食用するための海藻などを着生しまた生育を早める海藻類育成用のコンクリートブロックに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
健康増進と成人病予防を志し多様な食品から栄養バランスの採れた望ましい食生活において、魚貝類および海藻類は、欠かす事の出来ない一つの食品である。ところが近年、地球温暖化や人的環境破壊による影響で海洋資源が少なくなり、海洋資源で生活の基盤を築く人々にとっては死活問題である。これからは、取れるだけ取って育てる方法を取らない従来の狩猟民族的な考え方から、将来を見据えた育てる海洋資源が求められている。この事から海藻類の生殖と増養殖を図る研究が従来から行われ、多くの特許公報で紹介されている。例えば特開平11−137117号公報には、特許請求の範囲を要約して「上部材には必要によっては凹凸模様を設けまた酸化鉄皮膜を施しあるいは鉄ファイバーを混入したポーラスコンクリート、下部材の底面には必要によっては複数の溝部を形成した普通コンクリートの複合物からなる海藻群落造成用コンクリートブロック。これらの製造時に栄養塩を混入した海藻群落造成用コンクリートブロック」が開示されている。特開2000−41525号公報には「カキ殻などの石灰質海産物の粉砕物または無粉砕物を含有させたコンクリートで形成した、岩礁用ブロック」、さらに特開2000−238398号公報の様に「魚の餌となる藻や海洋生物などの付着度を高める酸化鉄、浄化機能を有する炭、ミネラル成分を含む貝殻などを混合したプレート状のポーラスコンクリートからなる人口漁礁部材」、この他特開2002−272308号公報や特開2002−291359号公報などで紹介される様に、多くの種類の海藻造成用コンクリートブロックが開発されている。これらいずれの海藻造成用コンクリートブロックも、海底に安定かつ効果的にコンブやワカメなどの海藻類を生殖しまた増養殖させると共に、海藻を餌とするアワビやウニなどの生育を早めまた魚類の産卵場と安息場も兼ねた海藻群落を提供するものである。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開11−137117号公報(第9頁、図1)
【特許文献2】
特開2000−41525号公報
【特許文献3】
特開2002−238398号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の様に、今日まで開発された上記の様な海藻群落造成用コンクリートブロックは、海藻の生殖細胞が着生し易い様に表面に凹凸をもった空隙率の高いポーラスコンクリートで成形され、また海藻が付着し易い酸化鉄の皮膜を形成したりあるいは配合するポーラスコンクリート構造に形成されているため、櫓構造に築造したコンクリート構造物や使用されなくなった車両や船舶などを沈設したそれ以前の漁礁や海藻場に較べ、海藻類の着生と生育を早める効果を泰する。しかしながら、海流の比較的緩い海域においては充分な効果を泰するが、潮の干満が大きい海峡や台風や強い風に煽られて荒れ易い海峡においては、コンクリートブロックの表面に付着させた酸化鉄の皮膜が早い時期に流されるため、その効果を失う問題があった。
【0005】
本発明らはこの問題を解消する事を目的に多くの実験を試みた結果、腐葉土や木炭などの養分土をコンクリートブロック内に収納する事によって、長期間にわたって使用でき、しかも海藻の生殖細胞の生育を早めた海藻類育成用のコンクリートブロックが提供できる事を知見した。本発明は、この知見に基づいて構成したものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成した本発明の要旨とは、多孔質コンクリートまたはその一部に普通コンクリートを使用して成形した中空構造のコンクリート製ブロックに、腐葉土と木炭と木酢液を混合した養分土あるいはさらに酸化鉄を混合した養分土を収容して構成した海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックについて、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施例を断面図で示す。図1において、1は多孔質コンクリートまたはその一部に普通コンクリートを使用し、中空構造に成形したコンクリート製ブロックである。2は中空部分(または中空構造)を示す。本発明において、空隙を混入した多孔質コンクリートを使用する事は、海中を浮遊する海藻の生殖細胞が着生させかつ該空隙の中に海藻の根足を深く成長させる養成効果を泰する。さらに本発明において、多孔質コンクリート製ブロック1は、岩礁に載置する場合あるいは該ブロックを積み上げたりまた隣接させて海中に配置する場合に何かの衝撃を受けて形状の一部が損傷する事を防止するため、また多少の重量化を図って安定な形状と位置を維持するために、該ブロックの一部に普通のコンクリートを使用して成形してもよい。3は、コンクリート製ブロック1の中空部分2に収容された養分土である。養分土3は、コンクリート製ブロック1に着生した海藻生殖細胞の生育を早めるもので、腐葉土と木炭と木酢液を混合した養分土あるいはさらに酸化鉄を混合した養分土である。腐葉土はクヌギ、カシなどの広葉樹の落ち葉に小量の石灰窒素や尿素などの窒素肥料を散布させて腐葉化させたもので、生存する微生物が海藻に必要な植物プランクトンを作り出す欠かす事の出来ない重要な養分である。木炭は、海中に投入されたコンクリート製ブロック1の周囲の海水を浄化する機能を有する。木酢液はホルマリンの代替品で、コンクリート製ブロック1に着生して生育する海藻や寄り集まる魚貝類の病気を防止する効果を有する。これら養分で構成される養分土3は、それぞれ養分の配合比を特に規定するものでなく、腐葉土に小量の木炭と木酢液を混ぜ合わせたものであればよい。
【0008】
さらに本発明においては、コンクリート製ブロック1の海藻類生着性や生育性を改善しまた鉄分を多く含む海藻類に成長させるために、上記した養分土3に酸化鉄を混入してもよい。
さらにまた本発明においては、必要によっては上記の養分土3にミネラル成分を含む貝殻などを混入してもよい。
この様な構造物の本発明のコンクリートブロックの製造は、特に限定されるものでなく例えば、養分土(3)を投入する挿入孔を開けて成形し固化した後養分土(3)を投入し、その後に挿入孔をコンクリートモルタルで塞いで製作される。
【0009】
上記の様に構成された本発明の海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックは、従来から使用される海藻群落造成用コンクリートブロックと同様に、海藻群落造成予定の海底に沈設されて、海藻類の群生を待つ。海底に沈設された本発明の海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックは、ポーラスコンクリートの空隙を介して浸入しまた排出される海水が、中空部分に収納された養分土を長期間にわたって徐々に溶かしながら該ブロックの表面周囲に養分土を流出させるため、ブロック表面に着生した海藻生殖細胞の生育を一層促す作用効果を泰する。
【0010】
【実施例】
次に本発明の実施例について説明する。
表1は、本発明の海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックを、熊本県天草地方の海岸に3ヶ月沈設し深さ5m海底に、大きさ巾40cm×長さ35cm×30cmのそれぞれのブロックを10個沈設した場合に、該ブロック表面に着生した海藻群の生育状況を記録したものである。また比較用に、下部材の普通コンクリートの上部に普通コンクリート部材を重ね合わせた海藻群落造成用コンクリートブロックを使用した。

Figure 2005006625
上記の試験結果から明らかな様に、本発明ブロック(実験番号1〜3)は、比較用ブロック(実験番号4)に較べて、海藻育成が早く、しかもブロック全体に一様に付着する試験結果を得た。
【0010】
【発明の効果】
以上述べた様な本発明の海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックによれば、海藻類を早期に着生と生育を促す。また本発明においては、養分土を該ブロックの中程に収容するため、海流の速い海域においても長い期間にわたって養分土から海藻の生育に必要な養分を補給するため、海藻類を安定して生育させる特長がある。海藻類の成長によって多くの種類の魚貝類の宝庫となり漁獲高も一層増えるものと予想される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の海藻類育成用コンクリートブロックの一実施例を、断面図で示す。
【符号の説明】
1 コンクリート製ブロック
2 中空部分(中空構造)
3 養分土[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a concrete block for cultivating seaweed that grows and accelerates the growth of seaweed necessary for resource recovery of fish and shellfish in the ocean and seaweed for edible use.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Fish shellfish and seaweed are indispensable foods in a desirable dietary lifestyle that aims to promote health and prevent adult diseases with a nutritional balance from various foods. However, in recent years, marine resources have decreased due to the effects of global warming and the destruction of the human environment. From now on, there is a demand for marine resources that can be nurtured with a view to the future, from the traditional hunting-ethnic way of thinking that cannot be taken and raised. Because of this, researches aimed at reproduction and aquaculture of seaweeds have been conducted, and have been introduced in many patent publications. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-137117 summarizes the scope of claims. “The upper member is provided with a concave and convex pattern as necessary, and is coated with iron oxide film or mixed with iron fiber, and the bottom surface of the lower member. Discloses a seaweed community building concrete block made of a composite of ordinary concrete having a plurality of grooves as necessary. "A seaweed community building concrete block mixed with nutrient salts during the production thereof" is disclosed. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-41525 discloses “a reef block made of concrete containing crushed or non-pulverized calcareous marine products such as oyster shells”, and further disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-238398, An artificial reef member made of plate-shaped porous concrete mixed with iron oxide that enhances the degree of adhesion of algae or marine organisms serving as food, charcoal having a purifying function, shells containing mineral components, etc. As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-291359 and the like, many types of concrete blocks for seaweed development have been developed. All these seaweed-building concrete blocks reproduce seaweeds, such as kombu and seaweed, stably and effectively on the seabed, while also accelerating the growth of abalone and sea urchins that feed on seaweeds and spawning fish. It provides a seaweed community that also serves as a place for rest.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 11-137117 A (page 9, FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-41525 A [Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-238398 A [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the seaweed community building concrete blocks developed to date have been molded with porous concrete with a high porosity so that the germ cells of seaweed are easy to grow, Fishing reefs prior to the construction of concrete structures built in dredged structures, vehicles or ships that are no longer used, because they are formed in a porous concrete structure that forms or mixes an iron oxide film that easily adheres to seaweed Compared to seaweed beds and seaweed beds, it has the effect of accelerating the growth and growth of seaweeds. However, it has a sufficient effect in areas where the ocean currents are relatively gentle, but in straits where the tides are large and in straits that are devastated by typhoons and strong winds, the iron oxide adhering to the concrete block surface Since the film was washed away at an early stage, there was a problem that the effect was lost.
[0005]
As a result of many experiments to solve this problem, the present inventors have been able to use them for a long time by storing nutrient soil such as humus and charcoal in a concrete block, and also for the reproductive cells of seaweed. It was found that a concrete block for growing seaweed that has been accelerated can be provided. The present invention is configured based on this finding.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention that has achieved the above-mentioned object is that a hollow concrete block made of porous concrete or a part thereof using ordinary concrete, a nutrient soil obtained by mixing humus, charcoal and wood vinegar, or further It is a concrete block for growing seaweed that contains nutrient soil mixed with iron oxide.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the seaweed growing concrete block of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a concrete block made of porous concrete or a part of which is made of ordinary concrete and formed into a hollow structure. 2 shows a hollow part (or hollow structure). In the present invention, the use of porous concrete mixed with voids enhances the training effect of allowing germ cells of seaweed floating in the sea to grow and growing the roots of seaweed deeply in the voids. Furthermore, in the present invention, the porous concrete block 1 is damaged by some impact when it is placed on a reef, or when the block is stacked or placed adjacent to the sea. In order to prevent this, and in order to maintain a stable shape and position by increasing the weight somewhat, the block may be molded using ordinary concrete. 3 is a nutrient soil accommodated in the hollow portion 2 of the concrete block 1. The nutrient soil 3 accelerates the growth of seaweed germ cells grown on the concrete block 1, and is a nutrient soil in which humus, charcoal, and pyroligneous acid are mixed, or is further mixed in iron oxide. The humus soil is a deciduous leaf of a broad-leaved tree such as Kunugi, oak, etc. that has been humidized by spraying a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer such as lime nitrogen or urea. There are no important nutrients. Charcoal has a function of purifying seawater around the concrete block 1 thrown into the sea. Wood vinegar is a substitute for formalin, and has the effect of preventing diseases of seaweed that grow on the concrete block 1 and fish and shellfish that gather together. The nutrient soil 3 composed of these nutrients does not specifically define the mixing ratio of the nutrients, and may be any mixture of humus and a small amount of charcoal and pyroligneous acid.
[0008]
Further, in the present invention, iron oxide may be mixed into the above-described nutrient soil 3 in order to improve the seaweed engraftment and growth of the concrete block 1 and to grow into seaweed containing a large amount of iron.
Furthermore, in this invention, you may mix the shell containing a mineral component, etc. in said nutrient soil 3 as needed.
The production of the concrete block of the present invention having such a structure is not particularly limited. For example, after forming and solidifying an insertion hole for feeding the nutrient soil (3), the nutrient soil (3) is charged, and thereafter It is manufactured by closing the insertion hole with concrete mortar.
[0009]
The seaweed-growing concrete block of the present invention configured as described above is laid on the seabed where the seaweed community is planned to be built, and waits for the seaweed colony. . The seaweed-growing concrete block of the present invention, which is set on the sea floor, is formed by the seawater entering and discharging through the pores of the porous concrete while gradually dissolving the nutrient soil stored in the hollow portion over a long period of time. Since the nutrient soil is allowed to flow around the surface of the sea urchin, it has the effect of further promoting the growth of seaweed germ cells growing on the block surface.
[0010]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
Table 1 shows that the concrete algae-growing concrete blocks of the present invention were sunk on the coast of Amakusa, Kumamoto Prefecture for 3 months, and 10 blocks each having a width of 40 cm x length of 35 cm x 30 cm were laid on the seabed. In this case, the growth status of the seaweed group that has grown on the block surface is recorded. For comparison, a seaweed community building concrete block was used in which a normal concrete member was superposed on the lower member of the normal concrete.
Figure 2005006625
As is clear from the above test results, the present block (Experiment Nos. 1 to 3) is faster in seaweed growth than the comparison block (Experiment No. 4), and the test results adhere uniformly to the entire block. Got.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
According to the concrete block for growing seaweed of the present invention as described above, the seaweed is promoted to grow and grow at an early stage. In the present invention, since the nutrient soil is accommodated in the middle of the block, the nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed are replenished from the nutrient soil over a long period of time even in the sea area where the ocean current is fast. There is a feature to make. The growth of seaweeds is expected to serve as a treasure house for many types of fish and shellfish and increase the catch.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a concrete block for growing seaweed of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Concrete block 2 Hollow part (hollow structure)
3 nutrient soil

Claims (2)

多孔質コンクリートまたはその一部に普通コンクリートを使用して成形した中空構造のコンクリート製ブロック(1)に、腐葉土と木炭と木酢液を混合した養分土(3)を収容して構成した事を特徴とする海藻類育成用コンクリートブロック。A hollow concrete block (1) formed from porous concrete or a part of it with ordinary concrete, containing nutrient soil (3) mixed with humus, charcoal and pyroligneous acid. Concrete block for cultivating seaweed. 多孔質コンクリートまたはその一部に普通コンクリートを使用して成形した中空構造のコンクリート製ブロック(1)に、腐葉土と木炭と木酢液さらに酸化鉄を混合した養分土(3)を収容して構成した事を特徴とする海藻類育成用コンクリートブロック。A hollow concrete block (1) formed using porous concrete or a part of it with ordinary concrete and containing nutrient soil (3) mixed with humus, charcoal, pyroligneous acid and iron oxide. Concrete block for seaweed breeding characterized by things.
JP2003200776A 2003-06-17 2003-06-17 Concrete block for growing marine algae Pending JP2005006625A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009077640A (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-04-16 Iwate Industrial Research Center Algal reef unit and method for producing the same
JP2014093967A (en) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-22 Japan Atom Power Co Ltd:The Organism cultivation block and organism cultivation method
JP2014200213A (en) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-27 石井商事株式会社 Iron feeding material and iron feeding method
KR101739292B1 (en) * 2017-02-20 2017-05-24 권학준 Complex artificial fishing banks
CN109053213A (en) * 2018-10-18 2018-12-21 铜陵丰泽建材科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the steam pressurized type concrete segment of low drying shrinkage

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009077640A (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-04-16 Iwate Industrial Research Center Algal reef unit and method for producing the same
JP2014093967A (en) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-22 Japan Atom Power Co Ltd:The Organism cultivation block and organism cultivation method
JP2014200213A (en) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-27 石井商事株式会社 Iron feeding material and iron feeding method
KR101739292B1 (en) * 2017-02-20 2017-05-24 권학준 Complex artificial fishing banks
CN109053213A (en) * 2018-10-18 2018-12-21 铜陵丰泽建材科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the steam pressurized type concrete segment of low drying shrinkage

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