JP2006212036A - Aquatic environment preservation material and aquatic environment preservation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an aquatic environment preservation material and an aquatic environment preservation method to simplify the operations from the production to the use in a water area, reduce the cost and efficiently supply ferric ion as a hardly oxidizable stable ferric fulvate to organisms. <P>SOLUTION: The aquatic environment preservation material is produced by packing a water-permeable bag with a substance containing ferric ion and a substance containing a humic matter, packing a water-permeable bag with a substance containing ferric ion and a material forming a humic matter by fermentation, or packing the bag with a fermentation promoting material in addition to the above substances. The aquatic environment is preserved by using the aquatic environment preservation material as a sand covering material, a refilling material for the cavity of water bottom, a beach nourishing material, a dry beach material, a shallow water area material, a seaweed bed material, a fishing bank material, etc. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a water area environmental conservation material using humus and divalent iron, and a water area environmental conservation method using the water area environmental conservation material.

  In recent years, in the water area, the production of organisms has been reduced due to the lack of iron necessary for the growth of organisms. For example, in coastal waters, seaweed disappears from rocky areas, and the sea bream, which is covered with lime algae, that is, the desertification of the sea spreads rapidly, and the reduction of coastal fishery resources such as kelp, sea urchins, and abalone is remarkable.

  The iron content of the coastal area was supplied to the sea down the river as water-soluble iron fulvic acid (chelate of fulvic acid and divalent iron ions) produced in the humus soil of the forest. It is said that there is a fundamental cause of firewood burning due to a decrease in the amount of fulvic acid fertilization due to deforestation in recent years.

In order to deal with such problems, conventionally, seaweed has been prepared by substituting concrete into which the iron component containing divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) is attached or coal ash (fly ash) is mixed. A technique for increasing the number of cells has been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 3).

Japanese Patent No. 2640926 JP-A-8-89126 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-45078

However, even if the divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) that can be ingested by photosynthetic organisms are eluted, the divalent iron ions are easily oxidized by oxygen in the water and become trivalent iron ions (Fe ³⁺ ). Immediately settles as granular iron (Fe ₂ O ₃ ), making it impossible for organisms to ingest. Therefore, it cannot be said that the conventional technology supplies divalent iron ions to living organisms efficiently. If iron is supplied to the aquatic environment, it is preferable to supply divalent iron ions in a state where oxidation is difficult.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to efficiently supply divalent iron ions to living organisms as stable iron fulvic acid that is difficult to oxidize, while simplifying from production to use in water and reducing costs. It is to provide a water area environmental conservation material and a water area environmental conservation method that can be realized.

  The water environment protection material according to the present invention is characterized in that a bag material having water permeability is filled with a divalent iron-containing substance and a humus-containing substance.

  Another water environment conservation material according to the present invention is characterized in that a bag material having water permeability is packed with a divalent iron-containing substance and a substance containing humus after fermentation. This water area environmental conservation material can be further packed with a fermentation promoting material in the bag material. Moreover, for example, waste wood chips may be used as the substance containing humus after the fermentation.

  Moreover, the said bivalent iron containing substance in these water area environmental conservation materials is steelmaking slag or coal molten ash, for example.

  Furthermore, the bag material having water permeability may be made of plant fibers. In that case, for example, coconut fiber can be used as the plant fiber.

  Furthermore, a weight can be attached to these water area environmental conservation materials. Moreover, it may be packed in a bowl-shaped container. Further, it can be attached to a sheet-like material. In that case, the sheet-like material may be in a band shape.

  The water area environmental preservation method according to the present invention is characterized by using the above-mentioned water area environmental preservation material.

The aquatic environment conservation material of the present invention combines a substance containing divalent iron (FeO or Fe ₃ O ₄ ) and a substance containing humus (fulvic acid, etc.) together to produce stable iron fulvic acid. The efficiency of supplying divalent iron ions to living organisms is high. For this reason, according to the present invention, the installation work from the production to the water is simple, and the divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid necessary for the photosynthetic organism can be supplied efficiently and continuously, and the water environment conservation Can be achieved.

  The water area environmental conservation material of the present invention can be used in various water areas, and the effect of the present invention varies slightly depending on the water area. “Water area environmental conservation material” means a material that contributes to the conservation of the water area environment, and “water area environmental conservation” is a broad concept that means that it has a positive effect on the water area environment. The term “water environment conservation” includes concepts such as improvement of the water environment, maintenance of the water environment, and prevention of deterioration of the water environment. If it has at least one of these effects, it corresponds to water environment conservation. The “water area” is a concept that means a place where water is related regardless of whether it is seawater or fresh water. For example, seas, rivers, lakes, and tidal flats are examples of water areas. However, it is not limited only to these.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail. First, the specific use of the water area environmental conservation material of this invention and its effect are described. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific applications listed below. For reference, the concept of specific use of the water area environmental conservation material is shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which water environment conservation materials are arranged in sand-covering, backfilling of a bottom of a water bottom, beach nourishment, tidal flats, shallow fields, seaweed beds, and fishing grounds. In FIG. 1, the site | part to which the dot (many dots) was attached | subjected is an area | region where the water body environmental conservation material is arrange | positioned.

  The water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is used as a sand covering material. The sand-capping material is a material that is dropped on the eutrophic bottom mud and used to physically contain the bottom mud. Since the material packed in the bag material is used, by adjusting the mass and the amount of the material packed in the bag material, it can be stably present on the bottom of the water without being swept away by the tidal current. In addition, compared to the case of using natural sand, the stable supply of divalent iron ions or iron fulvic acid to the surrounding water area becomes possible, so that the effect of improving the biological productivity in the water area can also be obtained. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide generated in the eutrophic bottom mud can be chemically fixed with divalent iron ions to suppress the occurrence of blue tide.

  As the mechanism of chemical fixation of hydrogen sulfide by divalent iron ions, the following mechanism shown in the following chemical formula 1 has been proposed (“Investigation of technology applied as sand-covering material for steelmaking slag in FY 1995/1996 ・Research report, "March 1997, see Coastal Development Technology Research Center, Steel Slag Association).

  The water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is also used as a water bottom recess backfill material. The water bottom concave portion backfilling material is a material used for filling the concave portion generated in the water bottom as shown in FIG. By physically filling the recess, generation of hydrogen sulfide from the recess is prevented. Moreover, when a recessed part is filled up using the water body environmental conservation material of this invention, the chemical fixation of hydrogen sulfide by a bivalent iron ion is possible.

  The water area environmental conservation material of the present invention can also be used as a beach nourishing material. The beach nourishment material means a material used when returning sand by hand again to the beach where the beach sand has been scraped off by waves. There are two purposes for beach nourishment. One is to restore the sandy beach's “breaking waves” function and the habitat for animals and plants by returning sand to the shore where the sand has been scraped. The other is to create a new place for marine recreation such as swimming. The aquatic environment preservation material of the present invention can be used for any purpose, but considering the feature of the present invention that it is easy to elute divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid, it functions as a habitat for animals and plants. It is particularly effective in giving. The aquatic environment conservation material of the present invention is rich in components essential for the growth of organisms, such as divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid. Water quality is purified. Eventually, the entire coastal organisms can be increased through the food chain.

  The water environment protection material of the present invention is also used as a tidal flat material. Tidal flat material means a material that is used to create a water area that is flooded when the tide is high, but is visible when the tide is pulled. Since the water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is rich in elution of divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid, biological productivity in and around the water area environmental conservation material is increased, and the water quality is purified by living organisms. Eventually, the whole of the tidal flat can be increased through the food chain. When used as a tidal flat material, in order to ensure the habitat of living organisms, the upper surface of the water environment conservation material of the present invention is covered with a granular material such as sand, or the present invention is partially applied to a granular material such as sand. It is preferable to install a water area environmental conservation material.

  The water environment protection material of the present invention is also used as a shallow field material. The shallow field usually means a shallow sea having a water depth of 5 m or less, and the shallow field material means a material used for creating a shallow field. Since the aquatic environment conservation material of the present invention is rich in mineral elution from steel slag, the biological productivity in and around the aquatic environment conservation material is increased, and the water quality is purified by the organism.

  The water environment protection material of the present invention is also used as a seaweed bed material. The seaweed field means a place where large aquatic plants grow in a community on the bottom of the water, and the seaweed field material means a material used for constructing the seaweed field. Examples of seaweed beds include eelgrass beds, arame-kajime fields, and garamo fields. The Amamo field is a seaweed field that consists of Amamo and Corea. Alame Kajime ground is a seaweed ground consisting of Alame Kajime and Kombu. The garamo field is an algae basin made up of Honda walla such as sawtooth mock and bark. Since the water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is rich in elution of divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid, biological productivity in and around the water area environmental conservation material is increased, and the water quality is purified by living organisms. This chain creates a sea forest rich in biological resources. In addition, the water area environmental conservation material of the present invention can be used as a divalent iron ion or fulvic acid iron supply material for a seaweed adhesion base such as natural stone or concrete already existing in water or newly installed in water. is there.

  The water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is also used as a fishing ground material. A fishing ground means a water area where fishery is carried out, and a fishing ground material means a material used for creating a place where fish lay eggs and live. Since the aquatic environment conservation material of the present invention is rich in elution of divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid, the biological productivity in and around the aquatic environment conservation material is increased and a rich fishing ground is formed.

  First, the water environment conservation method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the water environment protection method of the present embodiment, at least one of coal molten ash or converter slag, a mixture of waste wood chips with at least one of coal molten ash or converter slag, or a fermentation accelerator mixed with these. It is characterized in that coconut fiber bags each filled with things are set in the sea.

  Bivalent iron is easily eluted during oxidation in water and is absorbed by living organisms in the form of divalent iron ions, but divalent iron is a very unstable substance and does not exist in nature. On the other hand, coal ash and converter slag, which are industrial by-products and desired to be used effectively, contain a large amount of divalent iron.

Coal ash includes finely cooked boiler ash (fly ash) and molten ash (slag) from a spouted bed coal gasifier, and iron content in the fly ash is 0.6 to 23 as iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ). In molten ash produced in a reducing atmosphere in coal gasification combined power generation (IGCC), about 80% of this is present in divalent iron.

  The converter slag contains about 20% divalent iron, and the generation amount is enormous, so it is easy to supply and the solubility of iron ions is several to 20 times higher than fly ash. Therefore, it is considered that the material is suitable as a material for eluting divalent iron ions.

Fulvic acid has a carboxyl group (—COOH) and a carbonyl group (—CO—). Divalent iron ions generated in absence of oxygen (Fe 2 ⁺⁾ becomes fulvic iron bound to fulvic acid as a chelating agent (complex). Iron fulvic acid is water-soluble, has a long life, and exists stably in seawater. This iron fulvic acid is an essential component for the growth of algae such as phytoplankton and kelp. Coconut fiber has the slowest degeneration rate among natural fibers, 5-7 years in soil and 10 years or more in seawater.

  As fermentation promoters, useful microorganisms such as actinomycetes are used, and organic matter in ground chips such as felled trees, root removal, pruned branches, construction waste materials, weeding materials, and driftwood such as dams is conditionally anaerobically fermented and decomposed. Humus is produced in a relatively short period of time, and organic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid are generated by reducing the molecular weight of organic substances.

  According to the present embodiment, a bag made of coconut fiber packed with coal molten ash or converter slag, or waste wood chips mixed with coal molten ash or converter slag, and further mixed with a fermentation accelerator. When the slag is set in the sea, the fulvic acid iron produced in the bag elutes and comes into contact with seaweed such as kelp around it, and in particular, it becomes nutrient for seaweed rooted in coconut fibers on the bag surface. .

  That is, iron fulvic acid is combined with fulvic acid in the humus by coal ash in the bag set in the sea and iron ions eluted from the converter slag, and is a nutrient for seaweed. Moreover, since the bag is a coconut fiber having the slowest degeneration rate among natural fibers, it is possible to guarantee the elution of iron ions by holding coal molten ash and converter slag for a long period of 10 years or longer.

  In particular, by mixing a fermentation accelerator with waste wood chips, conditional anaerobic fermentation decomposition of organic matter is promoted to produce humus. And the fulvic acid iron in humus is manufactured. As a result, the growth of seaweed can be promoted and the salmon burn can be restored.

  Next, the water area environmental conservation material according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water environment protection material of the present embodiment is characterized in that a bag material having water permeability is packed with a divalent iron-containing substance, or a divalent iron-containing substance and a humus-containing substance. For photosynthetic organisms (food plankton and seaweed) that are the source of the food chain, iron is not only an essential nutrient, but also plays an important role in photosynthesis and nitrogen uptake. However, in contrast to the fact that nutrients other than iron exist in the form of ions in water and are easily ingested by photosynthetic organisms, the majority of iron in water is granular that cannot be ingested by organisms. The amount of iron present in the form of ions (divalent iron ions combined with OH groups) is negligible. Furthermore, since granular iron and iron ions are dissolved in water in an equilibrium state, when iron ions are ingested by living organisms, this equilibrium is lost and granular iron changes to iron ions. It is said that it will take more than 10 days to be supplied from granular iron again (see Katsuhiko Matsunaga, if the forest disappears, the sea will die, Kodansha, July 20, 1993).

  Therefore, in the past, inventions have been made in which a concrete-like material containing divalent iron ions is used as a bioadhesion base (there are two types of iron ions: divalent iron ions and trivalent iron ions. Only divalent iron ions are possible). However, although divalent iron ions are unstable and depend on the water temperature, the theory that the stability of divalent iron ions in seawater is approximately 1 hour (“Fiscal 1995 and 1996 steelmaking slag sand-capping material) Report on Research and Research on Applied Technology as "See March 1997, Coastal Development Technology Research Center Steel Slag Association) and more than 90% is oxidized within 900 seconds, and immediately as trivalent iron There is a theory that it will settle. Therefore, in the prior art, even if divalent iron ions are eluted, they may be oxidized before being taken up by a living organism, and thus cannot be said to be efficient.

  On the other hand, the water area environmental conservation material of this embodiment is intended for long-term water area environmental conservation by stabilizing divalent iron ions, and divalent iron-containing substances and humus (fulvic acid etc.)-Containing substances. Both are packed in a bag material to chelate the eluted divalent iron ions by humus and supply them to living organisms as iron fulvic acid that can exist stably in water. This makes it possible to efficiently supply the eluted divalent iron ions to a living organism over a wide range for a long time. Furthermore, since a material packed in a bag material is used, simple manufacture and construction similar to a sandbag used in civil engineering temporary construction can be performed.

Iron fulvic acid is produced by binding divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) generated under oxygen-free conditions to fulvic acid as a chelating agent (complex). Iron fulvic acid is originally produced in humus soil of a forest. In the present invention, it can be artificially produced in a short time by a simple production method similar to sandbags.

  Next, the aspect of the bag material used in the present embodiment will be described in detail. The role of the bag material is to ensure the elution of divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid from the internal material into the surrounding water area, while ensuring the elution of water flow, tidal current, waves, or the difference in specific gravity between water and the internal material. The prevention of dissipation due to the loss or floating of water, the prevention of water turbidity caused by directly putting the material into the water, and ensuring good handling.

  The material of the bag material is not a material that contaminates the water quality after installation in water, such as inorganic chemical materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyurethane, and natural organic materials such as plant fibers, or combinations thereof. In addition, there is no particular limitation as long as the material has a strength that does not cause significant internal material dissipation due to tearing and can fulfill the above-described role when packed in the internal material or installed in water. Also, even if the material does not elute divalent iron ions or iron fulvic acid, it is knitted into a fibrous material to produce a water-permeable bag material, and processing such as providing elution holes is performed. What is necessary is just to use. In addition, the size of the gap between the stitches and the hole opened by processing is larger than the size through which divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid pass, and the internal material is sucked out, so that there is no significant turbidity in the surrounding water area. The size is not particularly specified as long as it is less than a certain size.

  The divalent iron-containing substance is not particularly limited in terms of type, shape, size, solubility of divalent iron, etc., as long as it contains divalent iron and elutes divalent iron ions by contact with water. . However, considering efficiency, a substance having a divalent iron content of about 3% by mass or more is preferable. In addition, it is said that the iron concentration in the surrounding water area needs to be 100 nM or more in order to obtain an effect that the seaweed can maintain the community.

  The humus-containing substance is a substance containing humic acid fulvic acid and humic acid. Fulvic acid is water-soluble, has a carbol group (—COOH), a carbonyl group (—C═O), and the like, and has a function of binding metals such as iron. Combined with iron fulvic acid, stable iron fulvic acid is produced even in water. The humic substance-containing substance particularly indicates a substance containing this fulvic acid, and includes a natural substance such as a humus soil layer and an artificial substance produced by fermenting waste wood or the like. In the present invention, the type, the solubility of fulvic acid and the like are not particularly limited as long as the material contains and elutes fulvic acid.

  Next, the water area environmental conservation material according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water environment protection material of the present embodiment is that a bag material having water permeability is packed with a divalent iron-containing substance, a substance containing humus after fermentation, or a substance containing humus after fermentation and a fermentation accelerator. It is a featured water area environmental conservation material.

  By using a material that contains humus after fermentation together with a divalent iron-containing substance as an environmental preservation material, the internal material gradually fermented after installation in water, and the produced humus is divalent. It is possible to supply iron fulvic acid to water by combining with iron ions. Although it takes a period of several days to several months until the effect is manifested, it is possible to eliminate the time required for natural destruction by collecting a natural humus soil layer and the production of an artificial humus-containing substance. In addition, in order to accelerate | stimulate the expression of this effect, it is good to use a fermentation accelerator in order to enable the production | generation of humus in a short time by conditional anaerobic fermentation decomposition.

  Substances that contain humus after fermentation are plant-based substances, and if the substance comes to contain humus by fermentation and is of a size that can be easily packed into bag material, the type is specified. It is not a thing. As the fermentation promoter, microorganisms such as actinomycetes are useful. In addition, since it is as having already demonstrated about the specific use and effect of the water body environmental conservation material of this invention, description is abbreviate | omitted here.

  Next, the water environment protection material according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is characterized in that, in the water area environmental conservation material of the second and third embodiments, the divalent iron-containing substance is steel slag or coal molten ash. .

  Steelmaking slag contains about 3 to 20% by mass of divalent iron, and about 5 to 20% by mass of coal molten ash. The use of these materials as divalent iron-containing substances is a material that is desired to be actively used not only in terms of a large amount of content but also in terms of effective use of industrial byproducts.

  Steelmaking slag is a steel by-product generated in the process of manufacturing steel. Secondary refining slag, ingot slag, etc. can be illustrated. In addition to using a mixture of two or more of these, carbonation treatment may be used that suppresses an increase in pH in the surrounding water area.

  Since steelmaking slag is produced in a reducing atmosphere, it has a property of stably containing unstable divalent iron that is easily oxidized. Steelmaking slag is a material rich in not only containing divalent iron but also containing calcium. Therefore, in addition to the chemical fixation of hydrogen sulfide with divalent iron ions already explained, the elution of calcium content prevents the sulfate reduction of sulfate by sulfate-reducing bacteria. "Sediment improvement test by lime", see Mie Prefecture Hamashima Fisheries Experiment Station in March 1979) and phosphorus chemical fixing effect. As the mechanism of chemical fixation of phosphorus by calcium, the following mechanism represented by the following chemical formula 2 has been proposed.

From the above, when steelmaking slag is used as a divalent iron-containing substance, it is possible to obtain a red tide generation suppression effect due to a chemical fixing effect of phosphorus in addition to a stronger blue tide generation suppression effect.
Coal ash is molten ash generated from a spouted bed coal gasifier.

  Both steelmaking slag and coal molten ash exhibit alkali. As a result, humic acid, which is a humus that is more abundant than fulvic acid but does not dissolve in water unless it is in an alkaline atmosphere, can also be used as a chelating agent for divalent iron. It becomes possible to supply iron ions to living organisms.

  Next, the water area environmental conservation material according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is characterized in that the substance containing humus after fermentation used in the water area environmental conservation material of the third embodiment is a waste wood chip.

  By using timber that has been crushed from waste wood such as felled trees, root removal, pruned branches, construction waste, weeding materials, driftwood such as dams and beaches, etc. This not only leads to the use of waste wood for which effective use is desired, but also prevents the destruction of the environment due to the collection of plants.

  Next, the water environment protection material according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is the water area environmental conservation material of the second to fifth embodiments described above, and the bag material having water permeability is a combination of one or both of plant fiber and biodegradable material. It is characterized by this. The bag material is preferably a naturally-friendly material that is naturally decomposed in the future in consideration of environmental load. Therefore, even when a material knitted with plant fibers or a chemical material is used for the bag material, the bag material naturally disappears after a long period of time by using a material that can be decomposed into organisms, that is, It becomes possible to make the water environment environmental conservation material with little load on nature.

  Next, the water environment protection material according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. The aquatic environment conservation material of this embodiment is characterized in that the plant fiber used in the aquatic environment conservation material of the above-described sixth embodiment is coconut fiber.

  Coconut fiber is the material with the slowest degeneration rate of natural dietary fiber, and its degeneration time is said to be 5 to 7 years in soil and 10 years or more in seawater. By using this coconut fiber as a bag material, it will be decomposed and disappeared in the future, and depending on the elution duration of divalent iron and iron fulvic acid from the internal material, it will last for a long period of 10 years or more. It is possible to maintain the internal material and maintain the effect on the water environment conservation.

  Next, the water area environmental conservation material according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is obtained by attaching a weight to the water area environmental conservation material of the second to seventh embodiments described above.

  When it is assumed that the water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is dissipated by an external force such as water flow, tidal current, wave, etc., the water area environmental conservation material is assumed to have a weight attached to the water area with high stability. It can be used as an environmental conservation material. The attachment of the weight includes not only the attachment of the weight to the water environment protection material but also the attachment, fitting, or embedding of the water environment protection material to a weight larger than the water environment protection material. When embedding water area environmental conservation materials in weights, weight materials that can elute divalent iron ions and iron fulvic acid eluted from the water area environmental conservation materials through the weight material to the surrounding water area must be used. Don't be.

  The material, size, and number of weights are appropriately determined from the environment in which the water environment conservation material is installed, and are not specified. However, when iron materials are used for the weights, they can be a source of iron ions. .

  Next, an aquatic environment conservation material according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is obtained by packing the water area environmental conservation material of the above-described second to eighth embodiments in a bowl-shaped container.

  By holding a plurality of water environment conservation materials in a bowl-shaped container, it can be a water environment conservation material that can be easily installed stably even against a large external force. The material and size of the bowl-shaped container shall be determined appropriately from the required strength and installation environment. In the case of a water environment conservation material without a weight attached, it is possible to pack one or a plurality of water environment conservation materials in a straw mat. In addition to the natural stone, steel slag, carbonized steel slag, concrete material using steel slag, waste concrete, etc. can be used for the stone material of the straw mat.

  Next, the water area environmental conservation material according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is obtained by attaching the water area environmental conservation material of the above-described second to ninth embodiments to a sheet-like material.

By attaching the water environment protection material to a continuous sheet-like material, it is possible to resist external forces such as water currents, tidal currents, waves, and the like by connecting with the sheet-like material.
Sheet-like materials shall be specified in terms of material, thickness, sheet-like or net-like shape, other than materials that can be easily broken by external forces such as water currents, tidal currents, and waves, and materials that significantly contaminate water quality. is not.

  Next, water area environmental conservation materials according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental conservation material of the present embodiment is characterized in that the sheet-like material in the water area environmental conservation material of the above-described tenth embodiment is in a band shape.

  By making the sheet-like material into a belt, transportation to the installation site is facilitated, and during installation, the water environment protection material is attached and installed at appropriate intervals while pulling out the belt-like sheet. Work efficiency can be improved. As for the material of the belt-like sheet, other than materials that can be easily broken by external force such as water flow, tidal current, and waves, and materials that significantly contaminate water quality, the shape of material, thickness, sheet shape (band shape), mesh shape, etc. The width is also determined appropriately from the size of the water environment conservation material and the size of the ship.

  Next, a water environment conservation method according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water area environmental preservation method of this embodiment is a water area environmental preservation method using the water area environmental preservation material of the above-mentioned second to eleventh embodiments.

  In order to preserve the aquatic environment using the aquatic environment conservation material according to the second to eleventh embodiments described above, as shown in FIG. May be arranged. Examples of water areas include eutrophied bottom mud, water bottom recesses, beach nourishment, tidal flats, shallow waters, seaweed beds, and fishing grounds. Note that “arranging in these water areas” does not need to be in these water areas when the water environment conservation material is arranged. In other words, when creating a new tidal flat or a seaweed bed, it is not yet a tidal flat or a seaweed bed at the time of placing the water environment conservation material. However, when water area environmental conservation materials are arranged with the intention of creating a tidal flat or a seaweed bed, the water area corresponds to a tidal flat or a seaweed bed.

  Since the effects when the water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is applied to each water area are as described above, the description thereof is omitted here.

  In addition, the water area environmental conservation material of this invention can be installed in arbitrary positions in water. In the situation where sunlight necessary for photosynthesis is inserted to the bottom of the sea, or when divalent iron ions or iron fulvic acid eluted from water environment conservation materials due to upwelling current etc. are transported to the depth where photosynthesis is possible, In addition to being able to install, when the water depth is deep, it is possible to install it at an arbitrary water depth using floating or the like.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The aquatic environment conservation material of the present invention may be prepared in large quantities in advance, or may be prepared by bagging during the installation process.

1. Single Unit Method When the water area environmental conservation materials of the present invention are installed one by one in the water, they are successively installed in the water by the onboard crane 3 as shown in FIG. The figure shows an installation example of a water area environmental conservation material in which a weight 2 of a steel material (rebar or steel frame) is attached to a water area environmental restoration material (water area environmental conservation material) 1 with a wire or the like.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a plurality of aquatic environment preservation materials 1 connected in advance (integrated as a unit by being tied to a steel weight 2 with a wire rod or the like) are successively put underwater by an onboard crane 3. You may make it install. In this case, the connection (integration and unitization) of a plurality of water area environmental conservation materials can be performed via the weights 2 as shown in the drawing in addition to the bag materials. Here, an iron material (rebar or steel frame) is used for the weight.

  FIG. 3 shows an example in which a weight block is attached to a single unit. Here, as a weight block, a unit-like one in which the water area environmental conservation material 1 is bound on a concrete block 5 containing coal molten ash or steelmaking slag as an iron ion supply source is submerged by an onboard crane. Shows how to install one after another.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of fitting the water area environmental conservation material into the weight block. The unit shape in which the water area environmental conservation material 1 is fitted in the insertion recess 6 of the concrete block 5 containing coal molten ash or steel slag. Things are installed in the water one after another by ship cranes. In addition, the water block environmental preservation material is inserted into the concave portion of the concrete block containing coal molten ash and steelmaking slag. There is a method of burying a part of the water area environmental conservation material in a fresh state of the concrete.

2. FIG. 5 shows a case where the unit system water area environmental conservation material 1 is installed in water like a fishing reef. That is, as shown in the drawing, a large number of water environment is formed on the sheet-like material 11 by using the frame unit 15 in which the column members 13 built on the weight blocks 12 provided at the four corners of the sheet-like material 11 are connected by the beam members 14. The maintenance material 1 is arranged side by side. In this way, the frame unit 15 in which a large number of water area environmental conservation materials are arranged on the sheet-like material 11 is installed in the water by an onboard crane.

  The sheet material may be any material as long as it has a softness that ensures workability, but a geogrid may be used. Geogrid is a high-strength polyester fiber with excellent durability that is knitted in a lattice shape and impregnated with an acrylic resin, and has a uniform tensile strength of 98 kN / m (10 tf / m), particularly in the vertical and horizontal directions. There is a super-strong Cosmo Grid (registered trademark; Technical Examination Certificate No. 1205).

  As the weight block 12, a concrete block containing coal molten ash or steelmaking slag as an iron ion supply source is suitable as in the case of the single unit system. Moreover, you may use the iron material demonstrated with the single-piece | unit system other than the weight block 12. FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows another example of the unit system, in which a large number of rubble stones and rubble weights 17 are packed in a cage 16 made of iron or the like, and one weight is placed between the weights 17 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a plurality of water area environmental conservation materials 1 are packed. In this way, the dredger 16 in which the water area environmental conservation material 1 is packed together with the numerous weights 17 is installed in the water by the ship crane.

  The weight 17 may be a block of concrete block or iron scrap containing coal molten ash or steelmaking slag as an iron ion supply source instead of crushed stone and rubble. As for the kite 16, a geogrid or the like may be used in addition to the iron net. In addition to arranging a plurality of water area environmental conservation materials 1 on a large number of weights 17 packed in the trough 16, one or a plurality of water area environmental conservation materials may be attached to the upper surface of the trough.

3. FIG. 8 shows a case where the roll water environment conservation material 1 is installed in the water with an appropriate interval. That is, as shown in the figure, the work boat 21 draws the sheet 31 from the roll sheet 30 around which the belt-shaped sheet material is wound, and the weight block 32 and the water area environmental conservation material 1 are arranged on the sheet 31. The weight block 32 and the water area environmental conservation material 1 are installed on the seat 31 by the ship crane 23. In particular, the water area environmental conservation material 1 is a pile of the water area environmental conservation material 1 loaded in large quantities on the carriage 25. Is carried out by transshipment with an onboard crane 23.

  In this way, the sheet 31 in which the weight block 32 and a large number of water area environmental conservation materials 1 are arranged is fed out from the work boat 21 and installed in the water. In the figure, 22 is a feed roller. The weight block 32 is preferably a concrete block containing coal molten ash or steelmaking slag that serves as an iron ion supply source. Further, in addition to the weight block 32, a weight made of iron as described in the single unit method may be used as in the unit method.

  By the way, as the water environment protection material in the above embodiment, the waste wood chip mixed with at least one of coal molten ash or steelmaking slag and a fermentation accelerator is packed in a bag made of coconut fiber, as described above. The water area environmental conservation material comprised with such various materials can be used. In addition, the underwater installation work is not limited to the method of the embodiment, and the water environment environmental conservation materials may be collectively submerged and accumulated in water, and other appropriate methods may be used. .

  Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples. First, Example 1 of the present invention will be described. In this example, humus (composted waste wood compost) and steelmaking slag mixed at a volume ratio of 50:50 25 kg, steelmaking slag 30 kg, and 23 kg of natural stone as a comparison material, each 65 cm long, The product was put into a bag material made of coconut fibers having a width of 45 cm, and the inlet was closed with cotton yarn to prepare a water environment restoration material. Then, each two water area environmental restoration materials are put into three 2000 liter aquariums where the seawater in the aquarium circulates in 90 minutes / aquarium, respectively, and after 1 month, the seedlings of kelp are attached, and the seaweed is growing The change with time was observed. Seawater was taken from 250m offshore. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

  As shown in Table 1 above, Test No. In the natural stone of No. 3, the growth of kombu seedlings was slight, and there was no change in the growth after about one month. Next, test no. In the mixing of 2 humus and steelmaking slag, kelp grew rapidly and became dense after about 1 month after seed and seedling installation. In addition, Test No. Even in the case of only steelmaking slag 1, the comparative example showed kelp growth that was not seen in the comparative example after about one month from the seedling attachment.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this example, 10 bodies of the same water environment restoration material as those used in Example 1 were prepared, and each of them was placed in a 2 m wide, 3 m long, 1 m high cocoon mat (the heel is made of iron). Packed with natural stone and put into the sea area in Hokkaido. In addition, the water environment restoration material was installed in the state which arranged two pieces in the short side direction, and five pieces in the long side direction on the upper surface of the natural stone material packed in the straw mat. Table 2 below shows the results of observation of the seaweed growth on the 80th day after entering the sea.

  As shown in Table 2 above, Test No. No seaweed was found on the natural stone of No. 3. Next, test no. 1 and no. In both cases, seaweeds rooted and propagated, and the total length reached about 10 to 15 cm.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this example, the same water area environmental restoration material as that used in Example 1 and Example 2 was prepared one by one and installed at a predetermined water depth in the sea area in Iwate Prefecture with buoys and ropes. Table 3 below shows the observation results of the seaweed growth after 44 days, 69 days, and 135 days after installation.

  As shown in Table 3 above, test No. which is a comparative example. In the natural stone material 3, brown algae were only slightly formed, whereas in the examples, the formation of seaweed was also observed. In addition, Test No. No. 1 was particularly effective, and both the total length and the number of attached wakame were large.

  The water area environmental conservation material of the present invention is used to preserve water areas such as bottom mud, water bottom recesses, beach nourishment, tidal flats, shallow fields, seaweed beds, fishing grounds, and the like that lack iron. The present invention improves the water environment and creates a rich natural environment.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the state by which the water area environmental conservation material was arrange | positioned in a sand cover, a bottom refill of a water bottom, a beach nourishment, a tidal flat, a shallow place, a seaweed place, an ammo place, and a fishing ground. (A) And (b) is a schematic perspective view which shows a single-piece | unit system as a specific example of the underwater installation operation which implements this invention, (a) shows the installation method of one water area environmental conservation material, (b) is two. Shows how to install individual water area environmental conservation materials at the same time. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the example which used the weight block for the single-unit system. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the example of fitting of the water area environmental conservation material to a weight block. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the installation method by a unit system. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the other example of the unit system. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the sarcophagus of FIG. It is the schematic perspective view which showed the installation method by a roll system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water body environmental conservation material 2 Weight 3 Ship crane 5 Weight block 6 Insertion recessed part 11 Sheet-like material 12 Weight block 13 Column material 14 Beam material 15 Base frame unit 16 籠 17 Weight 21 Work ship 22 Feed roller 23 Onboard crane 25 Cargo ship 30 Roll sheet 31 Sheet 32 Weight block

Claims (12)

  An aquatic environment preservation material characterized in that a bag material having water permeability is packed with a divalent iron-containing substance and a humus-containing substance.   An aquatic environment conservation material characterized in that a bag material having water permeability is packed with a divalent iron-containing substance and a substance containing humus after fermentation.   The water environment protection material according to claim 2, wherein the bag material is further packed with a fermentation promoting material.   The water environment protection material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the substance containing humus after fermentation is waste wood chips.   The water area environmental conservation material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the divalent iron-containing substance is steel slag or coal molten ash.   The water area environmental conservation material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the bag material having water permeability is made of plant fibers.   The aquatic environment conservation material according to claim 6, wherein the plant fiber is a coconut fiber.   The water area environmental conservation material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a weight is attached.   The water environment protection material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further packed in a bowl-shaped container.   The water environment protection material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the water environment protection material is attached to a sheet-like material.   The water environment protection material according to claim 10, wherein the sheet-like material has a band shape.   The water area environmental conservation method characterized by using the water area environmental conservation material of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 11.

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