JP5190162B2 - 非断熱式接触反応を行うための方法及び反応器 - Google Patents
非断熱式接触反応を行うための方法及び反応器 Download PDFInfo
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Description
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、適当な熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換状態で触媒の存在下にプロセスガス中で発熱的にもしくは吸熱的に進行する非断熱式反応を行うための方法及び反応器システムに関する。
【0002】
【発明が解決しようとする課題及び課題を解決するための手段】
それゆえ、本発明の一般的な課題は、非断熱式反応を行うための方法であって、以下の段階、すなわち:
第一の反応空間に反応体の第一の流れを、及び第二の反応空間に反応体の第
二の流れを平行して導入し、
反応条件下に、熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換状態において上記第一反応空
間中で上記第一反応体流を触媒と接触させ及びこの熱交換媒体との間接的な熱
交換状態において上記第二反応空間中で上記第二反応体流を触媒と接触させ、
この際、第一反応空間における触媒は、上記熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換関
係にある管状反応器内に配置され、ここで、この間接的な熱交換関係は、第一
反応空間を有する上記管状反応器を同心的に取り囲む管状熱交換空間に熱交換
媒体を導入することによってもたらされ、そして上記第二反応空間における触
媒は、熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換関係にある(別の)熱交換空間のシェル
側に配置される、
ことを含む上記方法を提供することである。
【0003】
本発明は、特に、自熱式水蒸気改質反応器からの熱い排出ガスから供給される熱及び該プロセスからの水蒸気改質生成物ガスから供給される熱によって、炭化水素供給材料中で水蒸気改質反応を行うのに有用である。
【0004】
本発明の反応システムの具体的な態様を、添付図面を参照することによって以下により詳細に記載する。ここで、図1は、炭化水素供給材料の水蒸気改質によって水素及び/または一酸化炭素を高含有率で含むガスを生産するために使用される反応システムを図式的に示す。
【0005】
水蒸気改質は吸熱性の化学反応であり、炭化水素と水蒸気が水蒸気改質触媒上で反応する。適当ならばこの反応の場所に熱を供給する。
【0006】
この態様で使用される反応器システムは三基の反応器から構成され、これらの反応器を通して水蒸気改質プロセスが行われる。この三基の反応器R1、R2及びR3は平行して運転される。
【0007】
R1は断熱式反応器である。R1でのプロセスのための反応体は、炭化水素、水蒸気及び酸素豊富ガスから構成され、これらは適当な温度で反応器に導入されそして混合される。酸素と炭化水素は燃焼によって反応し、残留炭化水素、水蒸気及び燃焼から生じた生成物を含む熱ガスとなる。次いで、この熱ガスを改質触媒の床に通して接触的に転化して、水素、一酸化炭素及び二酸化炭素を含む熱混合物とする。
【0008】
R2及びR3は、二基のピストン流れ(plug flow) 型反応器である。R2及びR3でのプロセスのための反応体は炭化水素と水蒸気との混合物であり、この混合物は、改質触媒の床に流し通す前に適当な温度に加熱される。壁がR2及びR3の触媒床を取り囲む。触媒床において反応するガスに対して向流でこれらの壁の外側を熱ガスが流動する。これらの壁を通して、上記の熱ガスから上記の反応しているガスに熱が伝導され、そして後者のガスは、水素、一酸化炭素及び二酸化炭素を含む熱混合物へと転化される。
【0009】
R1、R2及びR3からの生成物ガスは混合され、そしてR2及びR3の壁の外側を流れる熱ガスとなる。ここで、これらのガスはR2及びR3中での反応の熱源となる。このガスを加熱ガスと言う。
【0010】
本発明の一般的な課題の一つとして、R2及びR3の壁を、加熱ガスのための最適な流路を形成するようなレイアウトで配置することができる。
【0011】
更に、本発明は、上記のプロセスを行うのに特に有用な反応システムを提供する。一般的に、本発明の反応システムは、平行に連結された第一反応室及び第二反応室から構成され、ここでこれらの第一及び第二反応室は、触媒を保持しかつ反応体流を受け取るように適応されており、そしてまたこの第一反応室は反応器管の形であり、そしてこの際、
第一の熱交換空間が上記第一反応室を同心的にかつこれと間隔を空けて囲み、上記第二反応室が第二の熱交換空間を囲む。
【0012】
反応器R2は管内に触媒を含む。反応器R3はこの管の外側に触媒を保持する。R2とR3との組み合わされた反応器は幾つかの二重管を含み、それの内側の管には触媒が充填されており(R2) 、そして更にこれらの二重管は、それらの間の体積が同様に触媒で充填されるようなパターンで配置される(すなわち反応器R3)。反応器R1、R2及びR3からの一緒にされた生成物ガスからの顕熱(sensible heat) は循環されて反応器R2及びR3に戻される。この生成物ガスは、上記二重管によって提供される環状の流路中を、反応器R2及びR3中の流れに対して向流で流れる。反応器R2には、二重管の内壁を介して熱が供給され、そして反応器R3には、二重管の外壁から熱が供給される。
【0013】
図2に示される組み合わされた反応器の利点は、熱交換流路が最適に利用されること、すなわち内壁と外壁の両方が熱交換表面として利用され、それによって高価な材料が最適に使用されることである。これはまた、他のタイプの熱交換型改質器と比較して非常にコンパクトな装置の設計を可能とし、また同時に圧力の低下も小さくする。
【0014】
生成物ガスを冷却する際、金属のダスティング(metal dusting) による腐食が生じる恐れがある。上記の組み合わされた反応器設計の更に別の利点は、金属のダスチングの生ずる可能性が限られた表面にのみ制限されることである。
【0015】
上記二重管の寸法は典型的には、内側の管の外径が50〜140mm であり、外側の管の外径が80〜170mm である。そのレイアウトは、熱交換領域/触媒の体積比が内管及び外管について等しくなるように配置することもできるが、必ずしもその様にする必要はない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、炭化水素供給材料の水蒸気改質から水素及び/または一酸化炭素を高含有率で含むガスを生産するために使用される反応システムの例を示す。
【図2】図2は、組み合わせ反応器システムの例を示す。
Claims (2)
- 非断熱式反応を行うための方法であって、
第一の反応室に反応体の第一の流れを、及び第二の反応室に反応体の第二の流れを平行して導入し;
前記第一及び第二反応室は、平行に連結され、触媒を保持しそして各々の反応体流を受け入れるように適応され、かつ各々別個の第一及び第二シェル内に配置されており、及び前記第一反応室は、管状反応器の形であり、
反応条件下に、熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換状態で、第一シェル内の上記第一反応室中で上記第一反応体流を触媒と接触させ、及び熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換状態で、第二シェル内の上記第二反応室中で上記第二反応体流を触媒と接触させ、及び第一反応室及び第二反応室からそれぞれの水蒸気改質されたガスを回収し;及び
触媒は、熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換関係で第一反応室内に配置されており、この間接的な熱交換関係は、第一シェル内の管状の第一熱交換空間中に前記媒体を導入することによってもたらされ、前記第一熱交換空間は、第一反応室を同心的に囲み、及び第二熱交換空間を囲む上記第二反応室中の触媒は、熱交換媒体との間接的な熱交換関係で第二シェル内のシェル側に配置されており、及び
前記熱交換媒体は、炭化水素供給材料の自熱式水蒸気改質からの排出流及び上記水蒸気改質されたガスからなる、
ことを含む上記方法。 - 非断熱式反応が、炭化水素供給材料の吸熱性水蒸気改質反応である、請求項1の方法。
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US16839099P | 1999-12-02 | 1999-12-02 | |
US60/168390 | 1999-12-02 |
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US (1) | US6726851B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1106570B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5190162B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN1314203A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2326950C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2427927T3 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO324482B1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1106570E (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2261756C2 (ja) |
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP1413547A1 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-04-28 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Process for the production of synthesis gas |
ATE502894T1 (de) * | 2002-09-26 | 2011-04-15 | Haldor Topsoe As | Verfahren zur herstellung von synthesegas |
MXPA06013098A (es) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-04-27 | Hyradix Inc | Proceso de generacion de hidrogeno usando oxidacion parcial/reforma de vapor. |
CN100408156C (zh) * | 2006-09-18 | 2008-08-06 | 西安交通大学 | 一种金属泡沫催化重整反应器 |
CN102137817B (zh) * | 2008-06-26 | 2015-02-18 | 赫多特普索化工设备公司 | 生产氨的方法 |
EP2421793A1 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2012-02-29 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Production of a synthesis gas blend and use in a fischer-tropsch process |
MY158365A (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2016-09-30 | Shell Int Research | Process for the preparation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas |
EP2526044B1 (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2018-12-05 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Process for reforming hydrocarbons |
EP2450420A1 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-09 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Multi stage process for producing hydrocarbons from syngas |
WO2013004254A1 (en) | 2011-07-01 | 2013-01-10 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Heat exchange reactor |
WO2013087585A1 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2013-06-20 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Fischer-tropsch process |
EP2676924A1 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-12-25 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Process for Reforming Hydrocarbons |
RU2588617C1 (ru) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-07-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет им. А.Н. Туполева-КАИ" (КНИТУ-КАИ) | Способ проведения экзотермических и эндотермических каталитических процессов частичного превращения углеводородов и реакторная группа для его осуществления |
BR112020011429A2 (pt) | 2017-12-08 | 2020-11-24 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | sistema e processo para produção de gás de síntese |
MX2023008623A (es) | 2021-01-28 | 2023-08-07 | Topsoe As | Reactor catalitico de intercambio de calor con flujo helicoidal. |
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US3868428A (en) * | 1973-04-12 | 1975-02-25 | Lummus Co | Process and apparatus for the dehydrogenation of alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons |
US4101376A (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1978-07-18 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Tubular heater for cracking hydrocarbons |
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GB8609099D0 (en) * | 1986-04-15 | 1986-05-21 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Production of synthesis gas |
GB8629497D0 (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1987-01-21 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Apparatus |
US4909808A (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1990-03-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Steam reformer with catalytic combustor |
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DK167864B1 (da) * | 1990-02-02 | 1993-12-27 | Topsoe Haldor As | Fremgangsmaade og reaktorsystem til reforming af carbonhydrider under varmeveksling |
JP3202440B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-08 | 2001-08-27 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 水素製造装置 |
EP0834465B1 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 2000-07-19 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Steam reforming process |
ES2158621T3 (es) * | 1997-01-22 | 2001-09-01 | Haldor Topsoe As | Produccion de gas de sintesis por reformacion al vapor utilizando un hardware catalizado. |
DK173052B1 (da) * | 1997-05-05 | 1999-12-06 | Topsoe Haldor As | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af ammoniak syntesegas |
EP0936182A3 (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2000-02-23 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Method of soot-free start-up of autothermal reformers |
DK173742B1 (da) * | 1998-09-01 | 2001-08-27 | Topsoe Haldor As | Fremgangsmåde og reaktorsystem til fremstilling af syntesegas |
-
2000
- 2000-11-17 EP EP00125077.8A patent/EP1106570B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-17 ES ES00125077T patent/ES2427927T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-17 PT PT125077T patent/PT1106570E/pt unknown
- 2000-11-28 CA CA002326950A patent/CA2326950C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-28 US US09/722,482 patent/US6726851B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-30 JP JP2000365084A patent/JP5190162B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-01 RU RU2000130045/12A patent/RU2261756C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-12-01 NO NO20006105A patent/NO324482B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-12-02 CN CN00137042A patent/CN1314203A/zh active Pending
- 2000-12-02 CN CN2006100899056A patent/CN101015784B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
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CA2326950A1 (en) | 2001-06-02 |
EP1106570A3 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
PT1106570E (pt) | 2013-10-15 |
US6726851B1 (en) | 2004-04-27 |
EP1106570B1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
NO324482B1 (no) | 2007-10-29 |
JP2001190946A (ja) | 2001-07-17 |
RU2261756C2 (ru) | 2005-10-10 |
ES2427927T3 (es) | 2013-11-04 |
NO20006105L (no) | 2001-06-05 |
CN101015784B (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
CN1314203A (zh) | 2001-09-26 |
CN101015784A (zh) | 2007-08-15 |
CA2326950C (en) | 2008-07-29 |
EP1106570A2 (en) | 2001-06-13 |
NO20006105D0 (no) | 2000-12-01 |
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