CN101015784A - 用于进行非绝热式催化反应的方法和反应器 - Google Patents

用于进行非绝热式催化反应的方法和反应器 Download PDF

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CN101015784A
CN101015784A CNA2006100899056A CN200610089905A CN101015784A CN 101015784 A CN101015784 A CN 101015784A CN A2006100899056 A CNA2006100899056 A CN A2006100899056A CN 200610089905 A CN200610089905 A CN 200610089905A CN 101015784 A CN101015784 A CN 101015784A
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S·G·汤姆森
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Abstract

用于非绝热式反应的方法，包括：将第一反应剂流引入第一反应区以及将第二反应剂流引入第二反应区；按照与换热介质间接换热的方式使第一反应剂在第一反应区与催化剂接触，使第二反应剂在第二反应区与催化剂接触，并各自排出经蒸汽重整的产物气体；按照与换热介质呈间接换热关系的方式将第一反应区的催化剂布置到管式反应器内，将第二反应区的催化剂式布置在换热区的管际空间。

Description

用于进行非绝热式催化反应的方法和反应器
本申请是基于申请日为2000年12月2日、申请号为00137042.1的申请所提交的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于进行非绝热式反应的方法和反应器系统，所述反应在催化剂的存在下，按照与合适的换热介质间接换热的方式放热或吸热地发生在工艺气体中。
发明内容
因此，本发明的总目的是提供一种用于进行非绝热式反应的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
并列地将第一反应剂物流引入第一反应区以及将第二反应剂物流引入第二反应区，
在反应条件下，使第一反应剂物流按照与换热介质间接换热的方式在第一反应区与催化制接触，并且使第二反应剂流按照与换热介质间接换热的方式在第二反应区与催化剂接触，将第一反应区的催化剂按照与换热介质呈间接换热关系的方式布置在管式反应器内，方法是将所述介质引入同心地环绕着具有第一反应区的管式反应器的管状换热区内，将第二反应区的催化剂按照与换热介质呈间接换热关系的方式布置在换热区的管际空间。
本发明尤其可用于进行烃原料的汽蒸重整反应，该反应所用的热量由自热蒸汽重整反应器的热流出气和蒸汽重整产物气体提供。
附图说明
在以下的说明中，参照附图更详细地阐述了本发明反应系统的一个具体实施方案，其中图1示意性地展示了用于由烃原料的蒸汽重整来生产一种具有高含量的氢气和/或一氧化碳的气体的反应系统。
具体实施方式
蒸汽重整是一种吸热的化学反应，该反应中烃与蒸汽在蒸汽重整催化剂上反应，条件是向发生反应的位置提供适当的热量。
该实施方案中采用的反应器系统由三个反应器构成，其中蒸汽重整反应在这三个反应器中完成。三个反应器R1、R2和R3并联运作。
R1是绝热式反应器。供R1中的反应使用的反应剂由烃、蒸汽和富氧气体组成，该反应剂在合适的温度下被引入反应器中并混合。氧气和烃以燃烧的方式反应井产生由剩余的烃、蒸汽和燃烧所得产物组成的热气。随后，使该热气通过重整催化剂床并催化转化成由氢气、一氧化碳和二氧化碳组成的热混合物。
R2和R3是两个活塞流反应器。供R2和R3中的反应使用的反应剂是烃与蒸汽的混合物，该混合物在流过重整催化剂床之前被加热到合适的温度。R2和R3的催化剂床被器壁环绕并封闭。热气在该器壁外部与催化剂床内的反应气体呈逆向流动。热量通过该器壁由热气传递给反应气体，同时该反应气体被转化成为由氢气、一氧化碳和二氧化碳组成的热混合物。
将出自R1、R2和R3的产物气体混合并形成在R2和R3的器壁外部流动的热气，在此，它们成为R2和R3内反应的热源。该热气被称为加热气体。
作为本发明的一个一般性优点，R2和R3的器壁可以被安排成能给加热气体形成最佳通道的布置。
本发明还提供了一种特别适用于进行以上反应的反应系统。一般，本发明的反应系统包括以并联方式连接的适于安放催化剂和接纳反应剂流的第一和第二反应室，第一室呈反应管的形式，其中
第一换热区同心且有间隔地环绕着第一反应室，而第二反应室环绕着第二换热区。
反应器R2包含安放在管内的催化剂。反应器R3将催化剂安就在管外。组合的反应器R2和R3包含一些双重管，其中的内管填装有催化剂(R2)，该双重管另外还被布置成使双重管之间的空间也填装有催化剂的形式，即反应器R3。来自由反应器R1、R2和R3产生的混合产物气体的显热被循环回反应器R2和R3。产物气体按照与反应器R2和R3中的流动呈逆流的方式在双重管形成的环形通道中流动。热量通过双重管的内壁供给反应器R2，而反应器R3由双重管的外璧供热。
如图2所示的组合反应器的优点是以最佳的方式使用了换热通道，即内壁和外壁均被用作换热表面，因此使昂贵的材料得到了最佳利用。与其它类型的热交换量整器相比，这还使设备的设计非常紧凑，同时达到了低的压降。
在冷却产物气体时，存在一定程度的金属尘腐蚀的危险。组合反应器设计的另一个优点就是将这种金属尘的危险限制在有限的表面。
双重管的尺寸一般为：内管的外径(OD)为50-140mm，外管的外径为80-170mm。该管的布置可以(但不是必须)按以下方式进行：使内管的热交换/面积/催化剂体积的比值与外管的该比值相等。

Claims (6)

1、一种用于进行非绝热式反应的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
并列地将第一反应剂物流引入第一反应区以及将第二反应剂物流引入第二反应区；
在反应条件下，使第一反应剂物流按照与换热介质间接换热的方式在第一反应区与催化剂接触，并且使第二反应剂物流按照与换热介质间接换热的方式在第二反应区与催化剂接触，并排出经蒸汽重整的第一和第二产物气体；以及
将第一反应区的催化剂按照与换热介质呈间接换热关系的方式布置到管式反应器内，方法是将所述介质引入同心地环绕着具有第一反应区的管式反应器的管状换热区内，将第二反应区的催化剂按照与换热介质呈间接换热关系的方式布置在换热区的管际空间。
2、权利要求1的方法，其中非绝热式反应是烃原料的吸热蒸汽重整反应。
3、权利要求1的方法，其中换热介质包括来自烃原料自热蒸汽重整反应的流出物流和/或该反应的产物气体。
4、一种用于进行非绝热式催化反应的反应系统，该反应系统包括以并联方式连接的适于安放催化剂和接纳反应剂流的第一和第二反应室，第一室呈反应器管的形式，其中
第一换热区同心且有间隔地环绕着第一反应室，而第二反应室环绕着第二换热区。
5、权利要求4的反应系统，其中第一和第二反应室被布置在共同的壳体内。
6、权利要求4的反应系统，其中第一和第二换热区由共同的通道形成。
CN2006100899056A 1999-12-02 2000-12-02 用于进行烃原料的蒸汽重整反应的方法 Expired - Lifetime CN101015784B (zh)

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CN101015784B (zh) 2010-06-16
CA2326950A1 (en) 2001-06-02
CA2326950C (en) 2008-07-29
US6726851B1 (en) 2004-04-27
JP5190162B2 (ja) 2013-04-24
EP1106570A2 (en) 2001-06-13
CN1314203A (zh) 2001-09-26
NO324482B1 (no) 2007-10-29
NO20006105L (no) 2001-06-05
PT1106570E (pt) 2013-10-15
RU2261756C2 (ru) 2005-10-10
JP2001190946A (ja) 2001-07-17
EP1106570B1 (en) 2013-08-28
EP1106570A3 (en) 2003-04-02
ES2427927T3 (es) 2013-11-04

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