JP5150722B2 - 抗アレルギー作用を有する新規乳酸菌と、該乳酸菌を含む抗アレルギー剤、食品及び医薬品組成物と、前記抗アレルギー剤の製造方法 - Google Patents
抗アレルギー作用を有する新規乳酸菌と、該乳酸菌を含む抗アレルギー剤、食品及び医薬品組成物と、前記抗アレルギー剤の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5150722B2 JP5150722B2 JP2010509239A JP2010509239A JP5150722B2 JP 5150722 B2 JP5150722 B2 JP 5150722B2 JP 2010509239 A JP2010509239 A JP 2010509239A JP 2010509239 A JP2010509239 A JP 2010509239A JP 5150722 B2 JP5150722 B2 JP 5150722B2
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- acid bacteria
- rice
- antiallergic agent
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Description
(1)スクリーニングに用いた乳酸菌の出所
スクリーニングに用いた乳酸菌は、米を原料とした発酵食品(米糠床、米麹味噌、酒粕、醪等)から新たに分離された。予備試験においてLactobacillus属に帰属する種であることを確認できた39種類の乳酸菌の菌株名を表1に列挙した。
オバルブミン(OVA)感作マウスより摘出した脾細胞を用いてin vitroでの抗アレルギー試験を行った。6週齢で購入した雌マウス(Balb/c、チャールス・リバー)3匹をSPF環境下で飼育し、1週間に一度の頻度で1mg/mLのAl(OH)3と2mg/mLのOVAとを含む懸濁液を1匹当たり0.5mLずつ腹腔内注射した。適宜尾静脈より採血し、血清総IgE量及びOVA特異的IgEレベルを確認した。なお、血清総IgE及びOVA特異的IgEの測定はそれぞれベクトン・ディッキンソン社製のMurine Opt EIA ELISAセットを用い、サンドイッチELISA法にて行った。即ち、総IgEを測定する場合にはラットモノクローナル抗マウスIgEを1次抗体としてコートしたプレートを用い、これに適宜希釈した血清を添加した後、2次抗体としてビオチン化ラットモノクローナル抗マウスIgE重鎖抗体を用いた。OVA特異的IgEを測定する場合には、1次抗体の代わりにOVAをコートしたプレートを用いて同様の操作によりELISAを行った。血清総IgE量及びOVA特異的IgEレベルが最も高い個体1匹を選出し、飼育開始28日後に脾臓を摘出した。摘出した脾臓をメスで細かく砕き、赤血球溶解バッファー(154mMの塩化アンモニウム、14mMの炭酸水素ナトリウム、0.11mMのEDTA−2Na、pH7.3)を添加して赤血球を取り除き、10%ウシ胎児血清(Difco社製)、ペニシリンG(100U/mL)、ストレプトマイシン(100mg/mL)及び10mMのHEPESを含むRPM1640培地(Sigma社製)により2×106細胞/mLとなるように希釈後、96穴マイクロタイタープレートに100μLずつ分注した。次に80μLのOVA溶液(1mg/mL)と20μLの加熱殺菌した乳酸菌懸濁液(1mg/mL)を加えた。二酸化炭素5%、37℃の環境下で7日間培養した後、培養液を遠心分離することにより脾細胞及び乳酸菌を除去した。培養上清に含まれるIL−4及びIL−12の濃度を、ベクトン・ディッキンソン社製のMouse Opt EIA ELISAセット マウスIL−4(カタログ番号555232)及びマウスIL−12(p70、カタログ番号555256)をそれぞれ用いて測定した。
精白米50gを洗米し、これに100mLの蒸留水を添加して浸漬した。この浸漬液に、MRS培地を用いて37℃で1夜培養した乳酸菌培養液(約109個/mL)を1mL添加して混合した後、38℃で1日保温した。浸漬水を捨て、約100mLの蒸留水による洗浄を3回行った後、発酵米を粉砕して、米表面に付着した乳酸菌を遊離・懸濁させた。発酵米の粉砕は、発酵米10gと90mLの滅菌生理食塩水(0.85% NaCl)を専用フィルター付き無菌バッグに入れてストマッカー(オレガノ、ストマッカー400T)に装着し、230rpmで120秒間運転して、粉砕した。粉砕された発酵米は、適宜希釈してLBS寒天培地(BBL社製)に塗布して培養し、生じたコロニー数から精白米表面に付着した乳酸菌数を求めた。
抗アレルギー活性及び精白米を用いた生育・付着試験の結果を表1に示す。
(1)16S rRNA配列の解析
当業者に周知な方法に従い、本発明の乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・パラカゼイK71株の菌体DNAを鋳型として遺伝子増幅した微生物16S リボソームRNA(以下、「rRNA」という。)遺伝子領域のポリヌクレオチド断片の配列を配列番号1に示す。微生物16S rRNAは、489,840種類以上にわたり、アライメントを取ったうえでその全長配列または部分配列がデータベース化されており(リリース9.59、2008年3月5日現在)、Ribosomal Database Project II(RDP II、http://rdp.cme.msu.edu/)を通じて利用可能となっている(Maidak、B.L.ら、2001年、Nucleic Acids Res.、29巻、173−174ページ)。そこで、配列番号1の配列について前記データベースを検索した結果、L. paracaseiの亜種である、L. paracasei subsp. paracaseiのJCM8130株の16S rRNA遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列に対する相同性は100%で、L. paracasei subsp. toleransのNBRC15906株に対する相同性は99.9%であった。なお、相同性検索では、配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列はL. caseiのATCC334株の16S rRNA遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列にも高い相同性を示すが、L. paracaseiの各菌株と同種であるとのDellaglio、F.らによる論文(Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.,52:285−287(2002))がある。そこで、L. caseiのATCC334株もL. paracaseiに帰属する可能性が高いと推察されるので、L. caseiのATCC334株が相同性検索でヒットするからといって本発明の乳酸菌がL. caseiに帰属するとはいえない。L. caseiのATCC334株以外で相同性検索において上位にヒットした微生物の16S rRNA遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列とクラスター解析を行ったところ、配列番号1のヌクレオチド配列はL. paracaseiの2つの亜種が形成するクラスターに属し、L. paracasei subsp. paracaseiの16S rRNA遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列と同一配列であった。したがって、16S rRNA遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列の解析結果によると本発明の乳酸菌は種レベルではL. paracaseiに帰属する可能性が高い。
本発明の乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・パラカゼイK71株の生理・生化学性状についての各種試験の結果は以下の表2、3及び4に示すとおりである。
(1)アレルゲン感作マウスへの効果
本発明の乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・パラカゼイK71株を、アレルゲン感作マウスに反復経口投与した場合のIgE及びアレルギーに影響するサイトカイン(IL−4等)の産生量の変化を以下の手法により調べた。
アトピー性皮膚炎モデル動物であるNCマウスを用いて、本発明の乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・パラカゼイK71株の反復経口投与がアトピー性皮膚炎の進行に及ぼす影響を調べた。5週齢で購入したNC雄マウス(NC/Nga、チャールス・リバー)12匹を、CE−2飼料(日本クレア)にて3日間予備飼育し、その後6匹ずつの2群に分けした。一方の群にはラクトバチルス・パラカゼイK71の乾燥菌体0.05%を含むCE−2飼料(乳酸菌投与群)を、他方の群には通常のCE−2飼料(対照群)を与え、引き続き3週間飼育した。
精白米(新潟県産コシヒカリ)3合を洗米し、900mLの蒸留水に浸漬した。これにMRS培地中37℃で一夜培養した培養液9mLを加えて緩やかに混合し、38℃で1日保温した。その後浸漬水を捨て、約500mLの蒸留水で3回洗浄した後に適量の蒸留水を加えて電気炊飯器に仕込んだ。炊飯前の米を少量採取し、実施例1と同様の操作で乳酸菌数を測定した結果、米(乾燥重量換算)1g当たり4.3×108個の乳酸菌が検出された。通常の条件で炊飯を行い、炊飯米の官能評価を行ったところ、通常の炊飯米と遜色の無いおいしいごはんであった。
Claims (10)
- 独立行政法人 産業技術総合研究所特許生物寄託センターに受託番号FERM BP−11098として国際寄託されたラクトバチルス・パラカゼイ(Lactobacillus paracasei)K71株の乳酸菌。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌を含むことを特徴とする抗アレルギー剤。
- 前記乳酸菌は生菌であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の抗アレルギー剤。
- 前記乳酸菌は死菌であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の抗アレルギー剤。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌の菌体成分を含むことを特徴とする抗アレルギー剤。
- 請求項2ないし5のいずれかに記載の抗アレルギー剤を含むことを特徴とする食品組成物。
- 請求項2ないし5のいずれかに記載の抗アレルギー剤を含むことを特徴とする医薬品組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌を用いて発酵させた米か、該米の粉砕物か、前記米又は米の粉砕物を炊飯調理して得られる飯かを含むことを特徴とする食品組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌を培地に接種して培養するステップを含むことを特徴とする、抗アレルギー剤の製造方法。
- 前記培地は米又は米の粉砕物であることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の抗アレルギー剤の製造方法。
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