JP5122440B2 - 氷点下での起動時に冷却および加湿をするための燃料電池セルスタック内での水の保持 - Google Patents
氷点下での起動時に冷却および加湿をするための燃料電池セルスタック内での水の保持 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5122440B2 JP5122440B2 JP2008506428A JP2008506428A JP5122440B2 JP 5122440 B2 JP5122440 B2 JP 5122440B2 JP 2008506428 A JP2008506428 A JP 2008506428A JP 2008506428 A JP2008506428 A JP 2008506428A JP 5122440 B2 JP5122440 B2 JP 5122440B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- fuel cell
- cell power
- channel
- power generator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 90
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 34
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 26
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010013642 Drooling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000008630 Sialorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04134—Humidifying by coolants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04171—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal using adsorbents, wicks or hydrophilic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Claims (6)
- スタック(20)内に配置された複数の燃料電池セル(70、70a、70c)と、
複数の水チャネルと、
前記水チャネルに水を供給する手段と、
を備える燃料電池発電装置(19)であって、
各燃料電池セルは、
ガス拡散層をそれぞれ有する燃料極および酸素極の各触媒の間に配置された陽子交換高分子電解質膜を有する一体化された電極アセンブリ(72)と、
前記燃料極ガス拡散層に隣接した反応ガス流れチャネル(74)を有し多孔質で少なくとも部分的に親水性の燃料極水輸送プレート(75)と、
前記酸素極ガス拡散層に隣接した酸化剤反応ガス流れチャネル(82)を有し多孔質で少なくとも部分的に親水性の酸素極水輸送プレート(81)と、
を含み、
前記複数の水チャネルは、前記燃料極水輸送プレートと前記酸素極水輸送プレートとの間に配置され、
前記水を供給する手段は、該燃料電池発電装置が作動しているときに、水が前記水チャネルと前記水輸送プレートとの間を移動するように、前記水チャネルに水を供給し、
燃料電池発電装置は、さらに、
スタックの頂部に設けられた導管と、
前記導管に連結されたマイクロ真空ポンプと、
前記導管に配された1つまたは複数の弁と、
を備え、
前記マイクロ真空ポンプは、該ポンプを通して水を流さずに、前記スタックの頂部まで水を上昇させるように真空をもたらし、
マイクロ真空ポンプを停止する前に前記1つまたは複数の弁を閉じることによって、前記燃料電池発電装置が作動していないときに、前記水チャネルおよび前記水輸送プレート内に水を保持することを特徴とすることを特徴とする燃料電池発電装置(19)。 - 前記燃料電池発電装置の作動中および前記燃料電池発電装置の停止中の双方の場合に前記マイクロ真空ポンプが作動し、これによって、停止中に前記水チャネルに水を保持する請求項1に記載の燃料電池発電装置。
- 前記水チャネルの上部もしくは底部のいずれか、または前記水チャネルの前記上部および前記底部の両方に弁がある請求項1に記載の燃料電池発電装置。
- 前記水チャネルの吸気口が逆止弁であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池発電装置。
- 前記逆止弁が疎水性ダイアフラムを有し、前記ダイアフラムの上に疎水性流体が配置されている請求項4に記載の燃料電池発電装置。
- 前記疎水性流体が、約−50℃より高い温度では凍結しないことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の燃料電池発電装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/013040 WO2006112833A1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2005-04-15 | Retaining water in a fuel cell stack for cooling and humidification during frozen startup |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008536287A JP2008536287A (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
JP5122440B2 true JP5122440B2 (ja) | 2013-01-16 |
Family
ID=37115436
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008506428A Active JP5122440B2 (ja) | 2005-04-15 | 2005-04-15 | 氷点下での起動時に冷却および加湿をするための燃料電池セルスタック内での水の保持 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7645531B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1875544A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5122440B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101235428B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100592561C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006112833A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8614757B2 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2013-12-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Arrangement of circuits in pixels, each circuit shared by a plurality of pixels, in image sensing apparatus |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009075861A2 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-18 | Utc Power Corporation | Tailoring liquid water permeability of diffusion layers in fuel cell stacks |
WO2010085224A1 (en) | 2009-01-26 | 2010-07-29 | Utc Power Corporation | Apparatus and method of fuel cell start from freezing without melting ice |
WO2011037553A1 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-31 | Utc Power Corporation | Pressure-based liquid level detection and control for a fuel cell stack assembly |
US9455455B2 (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2016-09-27 | Audi Ag | Evaporatively cooled fuel cells with water passageways enhanced by wicks |
WO2013126075A1 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-29 | Utc Power Corporation | Avoiding fuel starvation of anode end fuel cell |
GB2501706B (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2019-09-25 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | A fuel cell assembly |
US9190675B2 (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2015-11-17 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Humid stream orifice via geometry and material that is robust to becoming blocked |
US10490838B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2019-11-26 | Audi Ag | Fuel cell device and method of managing moisture within a fuel cell device |
CN108390083B (zh) * | 2018-01-10 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏乾景新能源产业技术研究院有限公司 | 一种组合再生式燃料电池系统放电工作模式启动方法 |
CN112397741B (zh) * | 2019-08-19 | 2022-05-03 | 未势能源科技有限公司 | 燃料电池系统及运行方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06231793A (ja) * | 1993-02-04 | 1994-08-19 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JPH06275284A (ja) * | 1993-03-24 | 1994-09-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 固体高分子電解質膜型燃料電池 |
US5700595A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-12-23 | International Fuel Cells Corp. | Ion exchange membrane fuel cell power plant with water management pressure differentials |
US5942347A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 1999-08-24 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell separator plate |
US6187466B1 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2001-02-13 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell with water capillary edge seal |
US6232006B1 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-05-15 | International Fuel Cells Llc | Dual coolant loop fuel cell power plant |
US6391485B1 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-05-21 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for purging a fuel cell system with coolant |
US6596426B2 (en) * | 2001-04-05 | 2003-07-22 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for the operation of a cell stack assembly during subfreezing temperatures |
US7282285B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2007-10-16 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Method and apparatus for the operation of a cell stack assembly during subfreezing temperatures |
US6673481B1 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2004-01-06 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Initiating operation of an electric vehicle or other load powered by a fuel cell at sub-freezing temperature |
US6986958B2 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2006-01-17 | Utc Fuel Cells, Llc | Fuel cell stack melting of coolant water during frozen startup |
US20040247967A1 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-12-09 | Gennady Resnick | Maintaining PEM fuel cell performance with sub-freezing boot strap starts |
US7381489B2 (en) * | 2003-08-04 | 2008-06-03 | Utc Power Corporation | PEM fuel cell with high porosity hydrophilic water transport plates and temperature increase before shutdown in environment which may reach subfreezing temperatures |
US7435502B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2008-10-14 | Utc Power Corporation | Internal PEM fuel cell water management |
-
2005
- 2005-04-15 CN CN200580049465A patent/CN100592561C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-15 KR KR1020077025414A patent/KR101235428B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-15 WO PCT/US2005/013040 patent/WO2006112833A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-04-15 US US11/918,624 patent/US7645531B2/en active Active
- 2005-04-15 EP EP05735110A patent/EP1875544A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-15 JP JP2008506428A patent/JP5122440B2/ja active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8614757B2 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2013-12-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Arrangement of circuits in pixels, each circuit shared by a plurality of pixels, in image sensing apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008536287A (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
EP1875544A1 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1875544A4 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
US20090061262A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
CN101223665A (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
CN100592561C (zh) | 2010-02-24 |
WO2006112833A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
KR20070121036A (ko) | 2007-12-26 |
KR101235428B1 (ko) | 2013-02-20 |
US7645531B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5122440B2 (ja) | 氷点下での起動時に冷却および加湿をするための燃料電池セルスタック内での水の保持 | |
JP5117861B2 (ja) | 燃料電池の反応物ガスの蒸発冷却ならびに運転中の凍結防止 | |
JP3862756B2 (ja) | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池発電装置の水管理システム | |
JP2006513528A (ja) | 燃料電池駆動の電気車両又はその他の負荷の氷点下での起動運転 | |
US20080038610A1 (en) | Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention | |
US7112379B2 (en) | Vacuum assisted startup of a fuel cell at sub-freezing temperature | |
JP6325013B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの低温起動方法 | |
JP4684224B2 (ja) | Pem型燃料電池受動的水管理 | |
JP6229925B2 (ja) | 充放電システムおよび充放電システムの乾燥方法 | |
JP2007519207A (ja) | 燃料電池の凍結ブートストラップ起動用の基板内の水の貯蔵 | |
JP5287184B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2009522721A (ja) | ガス輸送式燃料電池冷媒の循環 | |
JP6130135B2 (ja) | 充放電システム | |
JP2010129482A (ja) | 燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池スタック及び燃料電池システム | |
CN106133972A (zh) | 用于延长ht‑pem燃料电池的使用寿命的设备和方法 | |
JP5406207B2 (ja) | 燃料電池スタックの拡散層における液体水透過性の調整 | |
JP4645063B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2005116262A (ja) | 燃料電池の水供給装置 | |
JP2017152191A (ja) | 燃料電池システムの低温起動方法 | |
JP2005166404A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2007299644A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2000357527A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2006032094A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2006073340A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2005149827A (ja) | 燃料電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110722 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110726 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111014 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20111014 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20111014 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120117 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120409 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20120515 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120911 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20120924 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20121016 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20121024 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20151102 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5122440 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313113 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R3D02 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |