JP5061450B2 - 燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5061450B2 JP5061450B2 JP2005319627A JP2005319627A JP5061450B2 JP 5061450 B2 JP5061450 B2 JP 5061450B2 JP 2005319627 A JP2005319627 A JP 2005319627A JP 2005319627 A JP2005319627 A JP 2005319627A JP 5061450 B2 JP5061450 B2 JP 5061450B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel cell
- gas
- reformer
- reforming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Description
すなわち、改質反応(水蒸気改質)は、先ず、原燃料ガスであるメタンと水蒸気とが反応して水素と一酸化炭素とが発生し、さらに、この一酸化炭素と水蒸気とが反応することにより、二酸化酸素とともに水素が発生する。
これを反応式で示せば、以下の通りである。
CH4+H2O→H2+CO
CO+H2O→3H2+CO2
改質不十分で改質ガス中にメタンが多量に存在すると、発電セル内において改質ガス中の炭素が析出して電池性能が急激に低下するため、効率的な発電を行えなくなるという問題が生じる。
特に、シールレス構造の固体酸化物形燃料電池1では、ハウジング2内に燃料電池スタック3の側部から高温の排ガスが自由に放出されるため、排熱回収には極めて都合が良く、よって、燃料改質器30(改質触媒33)の出口温度を安定改質が可能な650℃以上に確保することができ、これにより、残留メタン1%以下を実現・維持することが可能となる。
また、燃料電池1については、平面方向4基配置の燃料電池スタック3を縦方向に4段積み上げた構成を説明したが、積層段数はこれに限るものではないことは勿論であり、要は、燃料電池スタック3に囲まれて放射熱の熱溜まりとなる中央部分に上記燃料改質器30が配設される構造であれば良い。
2 ハウジング
3 燃料電池スタック
7 発電セル
30 燃料改質器
31 ガス入口
32 第1のバッファ領域
33 改質触媒
34 ガス出口
35 第2のバッファ領域
Claims (5)
- ハウジング内に、固体電解質層の一方の表面に燃料極層が配置され、他方の表面に酸化剤極層が配置された発電セルとセパレータとを交互に積層した直方体状の燃料電池スタックを複数配置するとともに、上記燃料極層に炭化水素ガスと水蒸気との混合ガスを改質した燃料ガスおよび上記酸化剤極層に酸化剤ガスを供給することにより発電反応を生じさせる燃料電池において、
前記燃料電池スタックを、前記ハウジング内の少なくとも平面方向に4基方眼状に配設すると共に、これら燃料電池スタックの対向側面間に、改質触媒を充填し上記燃料電池スタックからの放熱を受熱して上記混合ガスを改質する扁平箱型の複数の燃料改質器を平面視において十字状に配設し、
前記燃料改質器は、各々の上端部に前記燃料ガスのガス入口部が設けられ、かつ各々の下端部に前記燃料ガスのガス出口部が設けられていることを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記燃料改質器は、前記燃料電池スタックの対向側面間に収まる十字形状であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記燃料改質器の前記ガス入口部分に前記改質触媒が非充填の第1のバッファ領域を設けたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池。
- 前記燃料改質器の前記ガス出口部分に前記改質触媒が非充填の第2のバッファ領域を設けたことを特徴とする請求項2または請求項3の何れかに記載の燃料電池。
- 前記燃料電池は、発電反応に使用されなかった残余のガスを発電セルの外周部より放出するシールレス構造の固体酸化物形燃料電池であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4までの何れかに記載の燃料電池
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005319627A JP5061450B2 (ja) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | 燃料電池 |
EP06822794.1A EP1953858B1 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2006-11-01 | Fuel cell |
US12/084,480 US8034496B2 (en) | 2005-11-02 | 2006-11-01 | Fuel cell |
PCT/JP2006/321865 WO2007052704A1 (ja) | 2005-11-02 | 2006-11-01 | 燃料電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005319627A JP5061450B2 (ja) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | 燃料電池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007128716A JP2007128716A (ja) | 2007-05-24 |
JP5061450B2 true JP5061450B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 |
Family
ID=38005857
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005319627A Expired - Fee Related JP5061450B2 (ja) | 2005-11-02 | 2005-11-02 | 燃料電池 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8034496B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1953858B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5061450B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007052704A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5109253B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-05 | 2012-12-26 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
JP5109252B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-05 | 2012-12-26 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
JP5219441B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-13 | 2013-06-26 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5113465B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-18 | 2013-01-09 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 平板型燃料電池スタック及びモジュール |
JP2009245630A (ja) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-22 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 改質器及びそれを用いた平板型の固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
JP5262241B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-08-14 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
KR101446195B1 (ko) | 2008-05-08 | 2014-10-01 | 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 | 직접 메탄올 연료전지용 이산화탄소 제거장치 |
DE112009003594T5 (de) * | 2008-12-12 | 2012-05-24 | Ezelleron Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem mit Reformer |
DE102011077695A1 (de) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrischer Energiespeicher |
JP6264544B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-03 | 2018-01-24 | Toto株式会社 | 固体酸化物型燃料電池装置 |
JP2015146266A (ja) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-08-13 | Toto株式会社 | 固体酸化物型燃料電池装置 |
JP2016177881A (ja) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-10-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | 燃料電池モジュール |
JP6715707B2 (ja) | 2016-07-06 | 2020-07-01 | 日立造船株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP7144369B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-09-29 | 日立造船株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4877693A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1989-10-31 | Energy Research Corporation | Fuel cell apparatus for internal reforming |
CA1278335C (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1990-12-27 | Bernard S. Baker | Fuel cell apparatus with internal reforming |
JPS62154548A (ja) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-07-09 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | 白熱電球 |
JPS63232275A (ja) * | 1987-03-20 | 1988-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 積層型燃料電池 |
EP0398111A1 (de) * | 1989-05-18 | 1990-11-22 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung chemischer Energie von Kohlenwasserstoffen in elektrische Energie mittels eines elektrochemischen Hochtemperaturprozesses |
JPH0831322B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-20 | 1996-03-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 内部改質型燃料電池およびそれを用いた発電プラント |
US4983471A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1991-01-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Electrochemical cell apparatus having axially distributed entry of a fuel-spent fuel mixture transverse to the cell lengths |
US5340664A (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1994-08-23 | Ceramatec, Inc. | Thermally integrated heat exchange system for solid oxide electrolyte systems |
JPH07272741A (ja) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 円筒型固体電解質型燃料電池のモジュール構造 |
DE4438555C1 (de) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-03-07 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Brennstoffzellenanordnung mit Reformierungseinrichtung |
DE19812155C2 (de) * | 1998-03-20 | 2002-11-14 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Anordnung zur Energieumwandlung, umfassend mindestens zwei Brennstoffzellenstapel und mindestens eine Reformereinheit, sowie eine Verwendung der Anordnung |
US6200696B1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2001-03-13 | Energy Research Corporation | Internal reforming fuel cell assembly with simplified fuel feed |
US7001684B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-02-21 | General Electric Company | Systems for planar fuel cell interconnect units |
DE10310642A1 (de) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-23 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellensystem |
JP2005019034A (ja) | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
US7422810B2 (en) | 2004-01-22 | 2008-09-09 | Bloom Energy Corporation | High temperature fuel cell system and method of operating same |
US7335432B2 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2008-02-26 | Motorola, Inc. | Solid oxide fuel cell portable power source |
-
2005
- 2005-11-02 JP JP2005319627A patent/JP5061450B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-11-01 WO PCT/JP2006/321865 patent/WO2007052704A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-11-01 US US12/084,480 patent/US8034496B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-01 EP EP06822794.1A patent/EP1953858B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8034496B2 (en) | 2011-10-11 |
US20090136813A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
EP1953858B1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
EP1953858A1 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
EP1953858A4 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
JP2007128716A (ja) | 2007-05-24 |
WO2007052704A1 (ja) | 2007-05-10 |
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