JP5052008B2 - セルロースiiリン酸エステル及びそれを用いた金属吸着材 - Google Patents
セルロースiiリン酸エステル及びそれを用いた金属吸着材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5052008B2 JP5052008B2 JP2005515113A JP2005515113A JP5052008B2 JP 5052008 B2 JP5052008 B2 JP 5052008B2 JP 2005515113 A JP2005515113 A JP 2005515113A JP 2005515113 A JP2005515113 A JP 2005515113A JP 5052008 B2 JP5052008 B2 JP 5052008B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- metal
- phosphate
- adsorbent
- phosphate ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 141
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims description 140
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 112
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 112
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 89
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title description 89
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title description 34
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 137
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 72
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical group NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OWTFKEBRIAXSMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenite(3-) Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])[O-] OWTFKEBRIAXSMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003015 phosphoric acid halides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229940006020 arsenite ion Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl Chemical class [P]=O LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000865 phosphorylative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000954 titration curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XDJWZONZDVNKDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1314-24-5 Chemical compound O=POP=O XDJWZONZDVNKDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDHWWBZFRZWVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl] phosphono hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O YDHWWBZFRZWVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011284 combination treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000438 diphosphorus tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- CZMAIROVPAYCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+) Chemical compound [La+3] CZMAIROVPAYCMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXCDUFKZSUBXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric tribromide Chemical compound BrP(Br)(Br)=O UXCDUFKZSUBXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001637 plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940097322 potassium arsenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HEQWEGCSZXMIJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;oxoarsinite Chemical compound [K+].[O-][As]=O HEQWEGCSZXMIJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005981 selenite ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940048102 triphosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
- C08B1/08—Alkali cellulose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28023—Fibres or filaments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28033—Membrane, sheet, cloth, pad, lamellar or mat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
これらの点から、天然素材を担体としたリン酸エステル基を有する金属吸着材が注目されている。例えば、セルロースリン酸エステルを重金属及び放射性金属の除去に用いるもの(特許文献1)、セルロースリン酸エステルの製造に際し、硫黄粉末を用い繊維の機械強度を高める方法(特許文献2)、セルロース及び澱粉のリン酸エステル、酢酸エステル、安息香酸エステルを水からの重金属除去に用いるもの(特許文献3)、カルバミド基およびリン酸エステル基を有するセルロースからなるフィルタを飲料水から硬性化成分又は重金属の除去に用いるもの(特許文献4)等が知られている。
セルロースは天然セルロースであるI型からIV型までの4種の形で存在し、上記のように天然セルロースをリン酸エステル化したセルロースIリン酸エステルは知られているが、セルロースIIのリン酸エステル化物は知られていない。
また、本発明は、一部がカルバミド化されていてもよいセルロースIIにリンの酸化物、リン酸のハロゲン化物、リン酸又はその塩を反応させることを特徴とする一部がカルバミド化されていてもよいセルロースIIのリン酸エステルの製造法を提供するものである。
更に、本発明は、一部がカルバミド化されていてもよいセルロースIIのリン酸エステルを含有する金属吸着材及び該金属吸着材を有することを特徴とする金属吸着装置を提供するものである。
更に、本発明は、一部がカルバミド化されていてもよいセルロースIIのリン酸エステル金属塩を含有する陰イオン吸着材を提供するものである。
本発明の一部がカルバミド化されていてもよいセルロースIIリン酸エステルは、一部がカルバミド化されていてもよいセルロースIIにリンの酸化物、リン酸のハロゲン化物、リン酸又はその塩を単独又は組合せて反応させることにより製造される。
また、一部がカルバミド化されてもよいセルロースIIのリン酸エステルのカルミド化率は、窒素含量として0〜6.8%(重量百分率)が好ましい。
このように本発明のセルロースIIリン酸エステルは、金属吸着能、透水性、再利用性だけでなく、種々の形状への加工性、機械的強度も良好であり、適用範囲の広い金属吸着材として有用である。
金属吸着材の金属吸着量は、次の測定法により測定した。
10mmol/Lの金属水溶液VLに必要により小さく切断したWgの金属吸着材を加えて良く分散させ、室温(25℃)で24時間撹拌した後、該水溶液0.5mLを1.5mLのエッペンドルフ遠沈管に採り、12,000r/mIn(ローター半径約9cm)で10分間遠心して粉末を沈殿させてその上澄を得た。上澄XmLを採り、0.1mol/L硝酸YmLを加えて希釈倍率D[=(X+Y)/X]倍に希釈して原子吸光度法により溶液中の金属の濃度(C1)を測定した。同時に金属吸着材を加えない水溶液の金属の濃度(C0)も同様に測定し、次式によりセルロースリン酸エステル化合物1gあたりの金属吸着量(Ad mmol/g)を算出した。
Ad=(C0−C1)×D×V /W
(1)天然セルロース粉末(コットンリンター)10gに対して10mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液100mLを加えて室温(25℃)で2時間撹拌した。その後、水洗してアルカリを除去し、水分をろ過除去し、更に、70℃で6時間乾燥させセルロースII素材Aを得た。
(2)ガラス容器に広げた綿布(タオル生地)10g(乾燥重量)に対して10mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20mLを注液して染み込ませ、室温(25℃)で2時間静置した。その後、水洗してアルカリを除去し、きつく絞って水分を除去し、更に、70℃で6時間乾燥させ、セルロースII素材Bを得た。
(3)約3cmに切断した天然セルロース繊維(ラミー)10gに対して10mol/Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液50mLを加えて室温(25℃)で2時間攪拌した。その後、水洗してアルカリを除去し、きつく絞って水分を除去し、更に、70℃で6時間乾燥させ、セルロースII素材Cを得た。
(1)セルロースII素材C 1gに対し、リン酸0.015mol、リン酸水素二アンモニウム0.02mol、尿素0.1molを水15.0mlに溶解させて調製したリン酸化薬液を加えてよく混ぜて室温(25℃)で1時間静置した後、90℃、6時間で完全に乾燥させた。次いで、150℃に加熱して2時間反応させ、その後、水洗・乾燥(70℃)し、セルロースIIリン酸エステル(繊維)を得た。
(2)得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステル、天然セルロース繊維(ラミー)をリン酸エステル化して得たセルロースIリン酸エステル及びそれぞれの原料であるセルロースII、I(天然セルロース繊維(ラミー))を元素分析した結果は次のとおりであった。
セルロースIIリン酸エステル:C22.01%、H4.86%、N2.65%、
P14.6%
セルロースIリン酸エステル :C34.35%、H5.61%、N1.34%、
P6.6%
セルロースII :C43.14%、H6.43%
セルロースI :C43.56%、H6.30%
(3)得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステル及びセルロースIリン酸エステルの赤外吸収スペクトルを図1に示す。図1より、セルロースIIリン酸エステルでは、3180cm−1、1250cm−1、940cm−1、520cm−1付近に吸収を有し、1355cm−1付近のピークの吸収強度がセルロースIリン酸エステルに比べて減少している点で明らかに異なる。
(4)得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステルの金属(銅)吸着量をセルロースIリン酸エステルキレート樹脂及びイオン交換樹脂と比較した。吸着平衡に達していない5時間後及び吸着平衡に達した24時間後の金属吸着量測定結果を表1(5時間)及び表2(24時間)に示す。
本発明のセルロースIIリン酸エステルは、吸着速度が速く、かつ優れた金属吸着性を有していた。
重金属及びアルカリ土類金属に対し、セルロースIIリン酸エステルは、セルロースIリン酸エステルに比べ約2倍の金属吸収能を有していることが分かる。
セルロースII素材Bをガラス容器に綿布を広げ、実施例1で用いたと同じリン酸化薬液を染み込ませるように注液し、実施例1と同様の方法でリン酸化反応を行ってセルロースIIリン酸エステル素材(編布)を得た。
得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステルの金属(銅)吸着量は、pH4.73において1.39(mmol/g)と優れていたが、アルカリ未処理の綿布をリン酸エステル化して得られたセルロースIリン酸エステルのそれは1.18mmol/gであった。
セルロースII素材A 1gに対し、リン酸0.015mol、リン酸水素二アンモニウム0.020mol、尿素0.1molを水15.0mlに溶解させて調製したリン酸化薬液を加えてよく混ぜて室温(25℃)で1時間静置した後、90℃、6時間で完全に乾燥させた。次いで、150℃に加熱して2時間反応させ、その後、水洗・乾燥(70℃)させ、セルロースIIリン酸エステル(粉末)を得た。
得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステル素材(粉末)の金属(銅)吸着量は、4.73において2.32(mmol/g)と優れたものであったが、天然セルロース粉末をリン酸化し得られたセルロースIリン酸エステルのそれは1.76(mmol/g)であった。
セルロースII素材Bをガラス容器に綿布を広げ、実施例3で用いたと同じリン酸化薬液を染み込ませるように注液し、実施例3と同様の方法でリン酸化反応を行ってセルロースIIリン酸エステルを得た。
得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステルの金属(銅)吸着量は、pH4.73において1.74mmol/gと優れたものであったが、綿布そのものをリン酸エステル化して得られたセルロースIリン酸エステルのそれは1.30mmol/gであった。
セルロースII素材A 1gに対し、オキシ塩化リン0.18molを加えて65℃に加熱してよく撹拌して反応させた後、水1mLを更に添加し、セルロースと化合したオキシ塩化リンから脱塩素を行ってセルロースIIリン酸エステルを得た。
得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステルの金属(銅)吸着量は、pH4.73において1.80mmol/Lと優れたものであったが、天然セルロース粉末(コットンリンター)をリン酸化して得たセルロースIリン酸エステルのそれは1.50mmol/gであった。
セルロースIIリン酸エステル素材(実施例3)及びセルロースIリン酸エステルの透水能力の比較をおこなった結果を図4に示す。
透水性測定
断面積1cm2のカラムに金属吸着材1gを充填し、水圧を0〜0.06MPaに変化させたときの流出量(mL/s)を測定した。
セルロースIIリン酸エステルの透水性は、セルロースIリン酸エステルに比較して優れていた。
実施例3で得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステル10gを0.1M塩化アルミニウム水溶液100mL(pH3.02)に入れ、25℃で1日振盪した。その後、1Lの水でよく洗浄し、50℃にて乾燥させた。この素材を100ppmのフッ化ナトリウム水溶液100mL(pH6〜7)に0.01g入れて、25℃で24時間振盪して反応させ、フッ素イオンを素材に吸着させた。回収した溶液を遠心して得た上澄中のフッ素イオンをイオンクロマトグラフ法により測定し、反応の前後のフッ素イオン濃度よりフッ素イオンの吸着量を得た。アルミニウムイオンが吸着したセルロースIIリン酸エステルへのフッ素イオンの素材1g当たりの吸着量は1.14mmol/gであった。
実施例3で得られたセルロースIIリン酸エステル10gを0.1M塩化第II鉄水溶液100mL(pH1.66)に入れ、25℃で1日振盪した。その後、1Lの水でよく洗浄し、50℃にて乾燥させた。この素材を5mMの亜砒酸カリウム水溶液30mL(pH10.01)に0.05g入れて、25℃で24時間振盪して反応させ、亜砒酸イオンを素材に吸着させた。回収した溶液を遠心して得た上澄中の亜砒酸イオンをプラズマ発光分析法(ICP)により測定し、反応の前後の亜砒酸イオン濃度より亜砒酸イオンの吸着量を得た。鉄イオンが吸着したセルロースIIリン酸エステルへの亜砒酸イオンの素材1g当たりの吸着量は0.3mmol/gであった。
Claims (7)
- カルバミド化され、且つリン酸化率が、リン含量として8〜20重量%であるセルロースIIのリン酸エステルを含有する金属吸着材。
- 前記セルロースIIのリン酸エステルが、カルバミド化されたセルロースIIに、リンの酸化物、リン酸のハロゲン化物、リン酸又はその塩を、反応させることにより製造される、請求項1記載の金属吸着材。
- 請求項1記載の金属吸着材を有することを特徴とする金属吸着装置。
- 前記金属吸着材がカラムに充填されている請求項3記載の金属吸着装置。
- 前記金属吸着材が袋状に加工されている請求項3記載の金属吸着装置。
- 前記金属吸着材が筒状又は布状に加工され貯水槽内部に設置されている請求項3記載の金属吸着装置。
- 請求項1記載の金属吸着材に金属を吸着させてなる陰イオン吸着材。
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US20070093654A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
WO2005042587A1 (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
CN100491400C (zh) | 2009-05-27 |
US7803937B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 |
EP1679322A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
CN1871260A (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
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JPWO2005042587A1 (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
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