JP5051054B2 - 半導体レーザおよび半導体レーザを作製する方法 - Google Patents
半導体レーザおよび半導体レーザを作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 201
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 102
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
K. Shinoda et al.:IPRM2007, TuB2-3, 39.
第1クラッド層13:n型InP,Si,1×1018cm−3,厚さ 500nm
第1光閉じ込め層15:n型GaInAsP,Si,5×1017cm−3,厚さ 150nm
第1の量子細線17:第1の井戸層17a及び第1の障壁層17b
第1の井戸層17a:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 6nm
第1の障壁層17b:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 9nm
第2の量子細線19:第2の井戸層19a及び第1の障壁層19b
第2の井戸層19a:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 6nm
第2の障壁層19b:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 9nm
活性層21:第3の井戸層21a及び第3の障壁層21b
第3の井戸層21a:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 6nm
第3の障壁層21b:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 9nm
第3光閉じ込め層17c:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 40nm
第4光閉じ込め層19c:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 40nm
第5光閉じ込め層29:アンドープGaInAsP,厚さ 40nm
埋め込み半導体領域23,25:アンドープAlInAs
キャリアストップ層27:アンドープAlInAs、厚さ 40nm
第2光閉じ込め層31:p型GaInAsP,Zn,5×1017cm−3,厚さ 110nm
第2クラッド層33:p型InP,Zn,1×1018cm−3,厚さ 2000nm
コンタクト層37:p型GaInAs,Zn,1×1019cm−3,厚さ 500nm
Claims (10)
- 第1〜第3のエリアを含む主面を有し、クラッド領域上に設けられた第1光閉じ込め層と、
前記第1のエリア上に前記所定の軸に沿って配列され、第1の分布ブラッグ反射器のための複数の第1の量子細線と、
前記第2のエリア上に前記所定の軸に沿って配列され、第2の分布ブラッグ反射器のための複数の第2の量子細線と、
前記第1の量子細線の側面の間及び前記第2の量子細線の側面の間に設けられた埋め込み半導体領域と、
前記所定の軸に沿って前記第3のエリアの一端から他端まで延びており、前記第3のエリア上に設けられた活性層と、
前記第1の分布ブラッグ反射器上、前記第2の分布ブラッグ反射器上及び前記活性層上に設けられた第2光閉じ込め層と
を有し、
前記第3のエリアは、前記第1のエリアと前記第2のエリアとの間に設けられており、
前記埋め込み半導体領域は、前記第1の量子細線の平均の屈折率及び前記第2の量子細線の平均の屈折率とは異なる屈折率を有することを特徴とする半導体レーザ。 - 前記所定の軸に沿って取られた各第1の量子細線の幅は、前記所定の軸に沿って取られた各第2の量子細線の幅よりも大きく、
前記第1の分布ブラッグ反射器の前記所定の軸に沿って取られた長さは、前記第2の分布ブラッグ反射器の前記所定の軸に沿って取られた長さよりも長いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体レーザ。 - 前記第1の量子細線は、交互に配置された第1の井戸層と第1の障壁層とを有し、
前記第2の量子細線は、交互に配置された第2の井戸層と第2の障壁層とを有し、
前記活性層は、交互に配置された第3の井戸層と第3の障壁層とを有し、
前記第1〜第3の井戸層は互いに同じ材料からなり、
前記第1〜第3の障壁層は互いに同じ材料からなることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の半導体レーザ。 - 前記活性層の前記所定の軸に沿って取られた長さは、50μm以上100μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体レーザ。
- 前記活性層と前記第2光閉じ込め層との間に設けられたキャリアストップ層を更に備え、
前記クラッド領域はn型半導体からなり、
前記キャリアストップ層は、III族元素としてアルミニウム及びインジウムを含むと共にV族元素としてヒ素を含む半導体材料からなり、
前記第2光閉じ込め層はp型GaInAsP半導体からなり、
前記キャリアストップ層のバンドギャップは、前記第2光閉じ込め層のバンドギャップより大きく、且つ前記活性層の内の最大のバンドギャップより大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体レーザ。 - 前記活性層と前記第2の分布ブラッグ反射器との間に設けられ、前記埋め込み半導体領域と同じ材料からなるギャップ領域を更に備え、
前記ギャップ領域の前記所定の軸に沿って取られた幅は、前記第2の量子細線の間隔よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の半導体レーザ。 - 前記活性層上に設けられた電極を更に備えることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の半導体レーザ。
- 半導体レーザを作製する方法であって、
第1光閉じ込め層をクラッド領域上に成長する工程と、
多重量子井戸のための半導体層を前記第1光閉じ込め層上に成長する工程と、
前記所定の軸の方向に配列された複数の第1の量子細線のための第1のパターンと、前記所定の軸の方向に配列された複数の第2の量子細線のための第2のパターンと、活性層のための第3のパターンとを有するマスクを前記半導体層上に形成する工程と、
前記マスクを用いて前記半導体層をエッチングし、前記活性層、前記第1及び第2の量子細線を形成する工程と、
前記第1及び第2の量子細線を埋め込むために、前記第1の量子細線の側面の間及び前記第2の量子細線の側面の間に埋め込み半導体領域を成長する工程と
を備え、
前記第3のパターンは、前記第1のパターンと前記第2のパターンとの間に設けられていることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記所定の軸に沿って取られた各第1の量子細線の幅は、前記所定の軸に沿って取られた各第2の量子細線の幅よりも大きく、
前記第1の量子細線の配列の前記所定の軸に沿って取られた長さは、前記第2の量子細線の配列の前記所定の軸に沿って取られた長さよりも長いことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記半導体層をエッチングした後、且つ前記埋め込み半導体領域を成長する前に前記マスクを除去する工程と、
前記埋め込み半導体領域を成長した後に、第2光閉じ込め層を成長する工程と
を更に備え、
前記埋め込み半導体領域を成長する工程において、前記活性層上にキャリアストップ層を併せて成長し、
前記埋め込み半導体領域及び前記キャリアストップ層は、III族元素としてアルミニウム及びインジウムを含むと共にV族元素としてヒ素を含む半導体材料からなり、
前記クラッド領域はn型半導体からなり、
前記第2光閉じ込め層はp型GaInAsP半導体からなり、
前記埋め込み半導体領域及び前記キャリアストップ層のバンドギャップは、前記第2光閉じ込め層のバンドギャップより大きく、且つ前記活性層の内の最大のバンドギャップより大きく、
前記第2光閉じ込め層は、前記第1の量子細線上、前記第2の量子細線上、前記埋め込み半導体領域及び前記キャリアストップ層上に成長することを特徴とする請求項8または請求項9に記載の方法。
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