JP5014669B2 - 容器詰め液体調味料 - Google Patents
容器詰め液体調味料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5014669B2 JP5014669B2 JP2006130111A JP2006130111A JP5014669B2 JP 5014669 B2 JP5014669 B2 JP 5014669B2 JP 2006130111 A JP2006130111 A JP 2006130111A JP 2006130111 A JP2006130111 A JP 2006130111A JP 5014669 B2 JP5014669 B2 JP 5014669B2
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- Prior art keywords
- container
- flavonoids
- salt
- liquid seasoning
- sodium
- Prior art date
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- QPHXPNUXTNHJOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quercetin-7-O-beta-L-rhamnopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C(O)=C(C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)OC2=C1 QPHXPNUXTNHJOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OXGUCUVFOIWWQJ-HQBVPOQASA-N quercitrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC1=C(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)OC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C2C1=O OXGUCUVFOIWWQJ-HQBVPOQASA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Soy Sauces And Products Related Thereto (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Description
このような状況から、食塩の塩味を増強することにより、食塩の使用量を減少させても十分な塩味を付与することができる塩味増強物質が提案されてきている。塩味増強物質としては、例えばペプチドや、炭素数3〜8の飽和脂肪族モノカルボン酸などが公知であるが(特許文献1、2、非特許文献1)、効果が十分ではない、塩味増強物質由来の風味に難点がある、コストが高いなどの課題が指摘されている。
しかし、上記問題点の解決が未だ充分であるとは言えず、有用なフラボノイド類を実際の食品に応用した実用例は、非常に限られているのが現状である。
従って、本発明の目的は、有用な生理効果を有するフラボノイド類を含有しつつ、食品の色調変化が抑制され、フラボノイド類由来の異味が抑制されて風味良好で、塩味の持続性増強作用を有することにより食塩量の低減が可能で、しかも血圧降下作用等の有用な生理機能を有することができる容器詰め液体調味料を提供することにある。
(A)ナトリウム 0.4〜8質量%
(B)フラボノイド類 0.01〜4質量%
(C)エタノール 1〜10質量%
を含有し、(B)フラボノイド類が、下記式(1)を満たすものである容器詰め液体調味料を提供するものである。
Y/(X+Y)=0.05〜1 式(1)
ここで、XとYは、それぞれ下記の数のことである。
X;フラボノイド類1分子中のベンゼン環に結合したOH基の数
Y;フラボノイド類1分子中のベンゼン環に結合したOCH3基の数
更に、本発明の容器詰め液体調味料中のフラボノイド類の含有量は、ナトリウム100部に対して0.25〜50部であるのが好ましく、より好ましくは1.25〜40部、更に2.5〜30部、更に5〜25部、特に7〜23部、殊更9〜22部であるのが、フラボノイド類由来の異味抑制、塩味の持続性増強、塩味バランスの点で好ましい。
フラボノイド配糖体は、フラボン配糖体、フラバン配糖体、フラバノン配糖体、フラバノール配糖体、フラバノノール配糖体、フラボノール配糖体、イソフラボン配糖体、イソフラバノン配糖体、アントシアニジン配糖体、ロイコアントシアニジン配糖体、プロアントシアニジン配糖体等が挙げられるが、フラボン配糖体、フラバン配糖体、フラバノン配糖体、フラバノール配糖体、フラバノノール配糖体、フラボノール配糖体、イソフラボン配糖体、イソフラバノン配糖体の1種又は2種以上の混合物であるのが好ましい。また、前記のそれぞれの分子中のA環、B環に結合したOH基(水酸基)の数が異なったもの、OCH3基(メトキシ基)が結合したもの等も含む。これらのうち、特に血圧降下作用を有するものが、本発明の主旨に合致するので好ましい。
ここで、XとYは、それぞれ下記の数のことである。
X;フラボノイド類1分子中のベンゼン環に結合したOH基の数
Y;フラボノイド類1分子中のベンゼン環に結合したOCH3基の数
配糖体/{配糖体+アグリコン}×100(%) 式(2)
本発明において、ナトリウム以外のアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属としては、カリウム塩、マグネシウム塩、カルシウム塩等を用いることが風味の点から好ましい。カリウム塩としては塩化カリウム、クエン酸カリウム、グルタミン酸カリウム、酒石酸カリウム、リン酸カリウム、炭酸カリウム、メタリン酸カリウムなどが挙げられるが、異味が少ない点から塩化カリウムが好ましい。マグネシウム塩としては塩化マグネシウム、グルタミン酸マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、硫酸マグネシウムなどが挙げられるが、塩味が自然である点から塩化マグネシウムが好ましい。カルシウム塩としては、塩化カルシウム、乳酸カルシウム、クエン酸カルシウム、グリセロリン酸カルシウム、グルコン酸カルシウム、グルタミン酸カルシウム、焼成カルシウム、リン酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、リボヌクレタイドカルシウム、リボヌクレオチドカルシウム、硫酸カルシウムなどが挙げられるが、風味・味の質の点から乳酸カルシウムが好ましい。
アミノ酸系調味料としては、例えば、グリシン、アラニン、フェニルアラニン、シスチン、スレオニン、チロシン、イソロイシン、グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸、ヒスチジン、リジン、アルギニンあるいはこれらのナトリウム塩、カリウム塩又は塩酸塩等が挙げられ、これらを1種又は2種以上配合することができる。アミノ酸系調味料の含有量はそれぞれ遊離のアミノ酸に換算した場合、グリシンは0.3%超、アラニンは0.7%超、フェニルアラニンは0.5%超、シスチンは%超、スレオニンは0%超、チロシンは0.2%超、イソロイシンは0.5%超、グルタミン酸は1.3%超、アスパラギン酸は0.7%超、ヒスチジンは0.1%超、リジンは0.4%超、アルギニンは0.5%超であり、かつそれぞれ上限は、グルタミン酸は2%以下、アスパラギン酸は3%以下が好ましく、その他のものは1.5%以下、更には1%以下が好ましい。中でもグルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸、イソロイシンが塩味の持続性の点で好ましい。
これらのうち特に、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体を接着する三井化学株式会社製のアドマーや三菱化学株式会社製のモディックを使用するのが好ましい。
ここで、環状オレフィンポリマー(COP)は、透明性及び水分バリア性に優れた樹脂であり、このCOPとしては、例えば日本ゼオン株式会社製のゼオノア(シクロ・オレフィン・ポリマー)や三井化学株式会社製のアベル(環状・オレフィン・コポリマー)等を用いることができる。
表1に示す配合で、ガラス製サンプル瓶(50mL容)に浄水、食塩、エタノール(和光純薬工業)、ルチン糖付加物(αG-ルチンPS、東洋精糖製、Y/(X+Y)=0)を添加した。これに蓋をした後、内容物を溶解して、容器詰め液体調味料(試験品1〜12)を製造した。また、成分(A)と成分(C)を含まず、成分(B)を各試験品と同濃度含有するサンプルを、各試験品についてフラボノイド類由来の異味を評価する際の対照品とした。また、成分(B)を含まず、成分(A)と成分(C)を同濃度含有するサンプル(試験品10)を、各試験品について塩味を評価する際の対照品とした。これらの風味について、下記基準で官能評価を行った。その結果を表1に示す。
a:フラボノイド類由来の苦味、渋味、エグ味を全く感じない。
b:フラボノイド類由来の苦味、渋味、エグ味が対照品に比べかなり低減している。
c:フラボノイド類由来の苦味、渋味、エグ味が対照品に比べやや低減している。
d:フラボノイド類由来の苦味、渋味、エグ味が対照品と同等である。
e:フラボノイド類由来の苦味、渋味、エグ味が対照品よりも強い。
a:対照品に比べて、塩味の持続性が非常に増強している。
b:対照品に比べて、塩味の持続性が増強している。
c:対照品に比べて、塩味の持続性がやや増強している。
d:対照品に比べて、塩味の持続性は同等である。
e:対照品に比べて、塩味の持続性が低下している。
このようにフラボノイド類とエタノールとを特定量含有することにより、容器詰め液体調味料の風味が改善することが示された。
表2に示す配合で、ガラス製サンプル瓶(50mL容)に浄水、食塩、エタノール(和光純薬工業)、ヘスペリジン糖付加物(αG-ヘスペリジンPA−T、東洋精糖製、Y/(X+Y)=0.33)を添加した。これに蓋をした後、内容物を溶解して、容器詰め液体調味料(試験品13〜22)を製造した。また、成分(A)と成分(C)を含まず、成分(B)を各試験品と同濃度含有するサンプルを、各試験品についてフラボノイド類由来の異味を評価する際の対照品とした。また、成分(B)を含まず、成分(A)と成分(C)を同濃度含有するサンプル(試験品10)を、各試験品について塩味を評価する際の対照品とした。これらの風味について、(1)と同様の基準で官能評価を行った。その結果を表2に示す。
このようにフラボノイド類とエタノールとを含有することにより、容器詰め液体調味料の風味が改善することが示された。
表3に示す配合で、ガラス製サンプル瓶(50mL容)に浄水、食塩、グルタミン酸モノナトリウム、エタノール(和光純薬工業)、ヘスペリジン糖付加物(αG-ヘスペリジンPA−T、東洋精糖製)を添加した。これに蓋をした後、内容物を溶解して、容器詰め液体調味料(試験品24)を製造した。また、成分(A)と成分(C)を含まず、成分(B)を各試験品と同濃度含有するサンプルを、各試験品についてフラボノイド類由来の異味を評価する際の対照品とした。また、成分(B)を含まず、成分(A)と成分(C)を同濃度含有するサンプル(試験品10)を、各試験品について塩味を評価する際の対照品とした。試験品23を後味の対照品とした。フラボノイド類由来の異味、塩味の持続性については、(1)と同様の基準で官能評価を行った。後味については、下記基準にて官能評価を行った。その結果を表3に示す。
a:対照品に比べて、塩味と旨味が一体化し、適度な持続性を有し、非常に良好な後味を呈する。
b:対照品に比べて、塩味と旨味が一体化し、持続性を有し、良好な後味を呈する。
c:対照品に比べて、塩味と旨味がやや一体化し、持続性を有し、やや良好な後味を呈する。
d:塩味と旨味が一体化せず、対照品と同等の後味である。
e:対照品よりも塩味と旨味が一体化せず、好ましくない後味を呈する。
このようにうま味調味料を含有することにより、一層風味が向上することが明らかとなった。
醤油(キッコーマン(株)/特撰丸大豆醤油)500部と減塩醤油(ヤマサ醤油(株)/減塩しょうゆ)500質量部とを混合したものに、ヘスペリジン糖付加物(αG-ヘスペリジンPA−T、東洋精糖製)を5部添加した後、エタノールを加え攪拌、溶解した。これを80℃に加熱した後、500mLのPET容器に充填して、容器詰め液体調味料R(ナトリウム含量4.5%、エタノール含量4.5%)を得た。開栓して風味評価を行ったところ、フラボノイド類由来の異味が全く感じられなく、塩カドが抑制され、適度な塩味の持続性とすっきりした風味を有し、好ましいものであった。
上記(4)で製造した容器詰め液体調味料Rを用いて、下記方法により、飲食品(刺身、卵焼き)を作製した。
市販のマグロ切り身を包丁で5mmの厚さに切り、開栓して皿に注いだ容器詰め液体調味料Rにつけて、刺身を作製した。
鶏卵(50g)を箸でときほぐし、開栓した容器詰め液体調味料Rを1.9g加え、混合した。次いで、テフロン(登録商標)製フライパンに、サラダ油0.8gを入れて火にかけた。ここに、とき卵を注ぎ、箸で成形して、卵焼きを作製した。
表4に示す配合で、ガラス製サンプル瓶(50mL容)に減塩醤油(丸大豆減塩しょうゆ、キッコーマン)、各種フラボノイド類を添加し、閉栓して容器詰め液体調味料1〜5を調製した。
鶏卵(50g)を箸でときほぐし、(6)で調製した液体調味料を3g加え、混合した。次いで、テフロン(登録商標)製フライパンに、サラダ油0.8gを入れて火にかけた(都市ガス流量4L/分)。ここに、とき卵を注ぎ、箸で成形して、卵焼きを作製した。得られた卵焼きの色調を、下記評価基準にて、目視で評価した。尚、液体調味料1(フラボノイド類を添加しない減塩醤油)で作製した卵焼きを対照品とした。その結果を表4に示す。
○;対照品と同等の色調で、好ましい。
△;対照品よりは、ややくすんでいるが、許容できる色調で、やや好ましい。
×;対照品よりも、くすみが大で黒褐色となり、許容できない色調で、好ましくない。
a)使用動物と飼育条件
17週齢の雄性自然発症高血圧ラット(SHR)を室温25±1℃、湿度55±10%RH、照明時間12時間(午前7時〜午後7時)で飼育した(1群4匹)。
減塩醤油にヘスペリジン糖付加物(αG-ヘスペリジンPA−T、東洋精糖製)を2mg/ml、4mg/ml、10mg/ml、20mg/ml、40mg/mlとなるように添加したサンプルを調製し、本発明品とした。ヘスペリジン糖付加物を添加しない減塩醤油を比較品とした。
絶食したSHRに、金属製胃ゾンデを用いて、サンプルを強制的に経口投与した(5ml/kg)。本発明品のヘスペリジン糖付加物の投与量としては各々、10mg/kg、20mg/kg、50mg/kg、100mg/kg、200mg/kgであった。経口投与前と投与6時間後の尾動脈収縮期血圧(SBP)を、市販ラット用非観式血圧測定装置(ソフトロン社製)を用いて測定した。投与6時間後の測定値について、初期値からの変化率を算出した。
得られた測定結果は、変化率の平均値及び標準誤差(SE)で表してDunnett‘s testを行った。
投与前のSBP値は、209mmHgであった。比較品については、SBPが−4.2±1.0%変化した。一方、本発明品のSBP変化率は、10mg/kgが−7.7±2.7%、20mg/kgが−12.1±1.9%(5%有意)、50mg/kgが−12.5±0.9%(1%有意)、100mg/kgが−10.6±1.4%(5%有意)、200mg/kgが−12.7±2.1%(5%有意)であった。
このように、本発明品は血圧降下作用を有することが示された。
Claims (4)
- 次の(A)、(B)及び(C)、
(A)ナトリウム 2.2〜5.1質量%
(B)フラボノイド類 0.1〜1.5質量%
(C)エタノール 3〜5質量%未満
を含有する容器詰め液体調味料であって、(B)フラボノイド類が、ヘスペリジンのグルコース付加物である容器詰め液体調味料。 - 更に(D)うま味調味料を0.1〜10質量%含有する請求項1に記載の容器詰め液体調味料。
- 液体調味料が、醤油類である請求項1又は2に記載の容器詰め液体調味料。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の容器詰め液体調味料を使用した食品の製造方法。
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JP2006130111A JP5014669B2 (ja) | 2005-11-14 | 2006-05-09 | 容器詰め液体調味料 |
PCT/JP2006/323060 WO2007055426A1 (ja) | 2005-11-14 | 2006-11-14 | 液体調味料 |
EP06823461A EP1949798A4 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2006-11-14 | LIQUID SEASONING |
US12/093,676 US8053014B2 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2006-11-14 | Liquid seasoning |
KR1020087010452A KR101249221B1 (ko) | 2005-11-14 | 2006-11-14 | 액체 조미료 |
CN2006800424638A CN101309597B (zh) | 2005-11-14 | 2006-11-14 | 液体调味剂 |
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