JP4977620B2 - 水から水素と酸素を同時に分離する反応器 - Google Patents
水から水素と酸素を同時に分離する反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4977620B2 JP4977620B2 JP2007546209A JP2007546209A JP4977620B2 JP 4977620 B2 JP4977620 B2 JP 4977620B2 JP 2007546209 A JP2007546209 A JP 2007546209A JP 2007546209 A JP2007546209 A JP 2007546209A JP 4977620 B2 JP4977620 B2 JP 4977620B2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 47
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007605 Zn—ZnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002110 ceramic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydroxyl ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
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- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/225—Multiple stage diffusion
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- B01J12/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting gaseous media with gaseous media; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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Description
材料部門における近年の進化、特に新型の膜の開発により、本明細書に開示される長寿命の装置と同様の採算の合う装置の製造が可能になった。
熱源として太陽熱の輻射を利用できるように本装置を改造して、いかなる炭素酸化物を排出することなく水から水素を製造することができる。
1.水素(2)を選択的に透過する膜として用いられる実質的にガス不透過性の1以上の固体チューブ、
2.酸素(3)を選択的に透過する膜として用いられる実質的にガス不透過性の1以上の固体チューブ、および
3.熱源(4)を収容する実質的にガス不透過性の1以上の固体チューブ。
反応室は、幾らかの水を含み、複数の水入口(5)を備えている。
更に、酸素選択膜のチューブは、熱源と水素膜のチューブおよび反応器の壁体との熱遮蔽体として役立つ。
(a)よりクリーンな排ガス、および
(b)より高い火炎温度
に関して燃焼を改善する。
(a)“よりクリーン”とは、排ガス中のNOxおよび炭化水素を低減するものと理解される。主としてCO2および水を含有する排ガスは、装置からの水素と結合して、例えばフィッシャー・トロプシュ工程に送り込むことができる。例えば排ガスを石灰水浴に通して泡立たせることにより、二酸化炭素を捕捉することができる。
水素消費機器(燃料電池、水素燃焼機関)からの熱蒸気が装置の補充に用いられるならば、装置の熱効率を改善することができる。
加熱管については、ある種の高融点酸化物により保護被膜が十分に施されたグラファイトまたはジルコニアが第一に選択される。
既存の膜材料を用いると、水素選択膜のチューブは、反応器の壁体付近または更に反応器の壁体に一体化された温度が1000℃のオーダーまたはそれ以下である領域に、設置されなければならない。水素の分離は、混合導電サーメット(陶性合金)膜を用いた結果(前記非特許文献1参照)に基づいて、10cm3/cm2/minのオーダーの速度で実施することが可能である。
Claims (8)
- 反応室を備えた、水を水素と酸素に分離する装置であって、
前記反応室内に、
加熱系;
水素を選択的に透過する実質的にガス不透過性の1以上の膜;
酸素を選択的に透過する実質的にガス不透過性の1以上の第二の膜;および
水または蒸気を前記反応室に通過させる機構
が位置し、
前記加熱系の周囲の前記酸素選択膜が水の解離領域に位置すると共に、
前記酸素選択膜が前記水素選択膜と前記加熱系の間に位置することによって、前記加熱系を遮蔽する
ことを特徴とする装置。 - 前記加熱系、酸素選択膜および水素選択膜が、反応室を貫通するチューブからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記水または蒸気を前記反応室に通過させる機構が、水滴または冷蒸気が前記チューブと前記反応室間のすべての接合部を冷却するように配置された水入口を備えることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記加熱系が、1以上の多孔質バーナから構成されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記水素選択膜が、反応器の壁体に一体化していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の装置。
- 前記反応室、前記酸素を選択的に透過する実質的にガス不透過性の膜、前記水素を選択的に透過する実質的にガス不透過性の膜または双方の膜が、水素と酸素への蒸気の解離を低い温度で促進するための反応剤または触媒を収容することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記加熱系は、燃焼加熱系であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記加熱系として太陽集光器を用いることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2004/052827 WO2006064311A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2004-12-16 | Reactor for simultaneous separation of hydrogen and oxygen from water |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008524101A JP2008524101A (ja) | 2008-07-10 |
JP4977620B2 true JP4977620B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2007546209A Expired - Fee Related JP4977620B2 (ja) | 2004-12-16 | 2004-12-16 | 水から水素と酸素を同時に分離する反応器 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7935254B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1828050B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4977620B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101116049B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101102964B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004325672B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0419146A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2591407C (ja) |
CY (1) | CY1113860T1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1828050T3 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA011995B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2394966T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1111401A1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL183883A (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2007007164A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL1828050T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1828050E (ja) |
SI (1) | SI1828050T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006064311A1 (ja) |
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---|---|---|---|---|
FR2902416B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-09-26 | Creative Services Sarl | Un reacteur avec gradient thermique controle pour la production d'hydrogene pur |
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PL1828050T3 (pl) | 2013-02-28 |
CA2591407C (en) | 2012-06-05 |
DK1828050T3 (da) | 2012-12-10 |
CN101102964B (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
AU2004325672A2 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
CN101102964A (zh) | 2008-01-09 |
CA2591407A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
BRPI0419146A (pt) | 2008-03-11 |
HK1111401A1 (en) | 2008-08-08 |
JP2008524101A (ja) | 2008-07-10 |
IL183883A0 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1828050A1 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
AU2004325672B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
KR101116049B1 (ko) | 2012-02-22 |
US20070269687A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
EA011995B1 (ru) | 2009-06-30 |
KR20070089695A (ko) | 2007-08-31 |
EA200701124A1 (ru) | 2007-12-28 |
US7935254B2 (en) | 2011-05-03 |
MX2007007164A (es) | 2007-10-23 |
CY1113860T1 (el) | 2016-07-27 |
AU2004325672A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
WO2006064311A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
PT1828050E (pt) | 2012-11-20 |
ES2394966T3 (es) | 2013-02-07 |
SI1828050T1 (sl) | 2013-04-30 |
IL183883A (en) | 2011-10-31 |
EP1828050B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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