JP4932740B2 - 水素化処理の制御方法 - Google Patents
水素化処理の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4932740B2 JP4932740B2 JP2007552654A JP2007552654A JP4932740B2 JP 4932740 B2 JP4932740 B2 JP 4932740B2 JP 2007552654 A JP2007552654 A JP 2007552654A JP 2007552654 A JP2007552654 A JP 2007552654A JP 4932740 B2 JP4932740 B2 JP 4932740B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
- B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/36—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C55/00—Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C55/02—Dicarboxylic acids
- C07C55/10—Succinic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/60—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
- B01J2219/00195—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system
- B01J2219/002—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system inside the reactor
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00211—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value
- B01J2219/00216—Parameter value calculated by equations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00211—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value
- B01J2219/0022—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value calculating difference
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00222—Control algorithm taking actions
- B01J2219/00227—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions
- B01J2219/00229—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions of the reaction system
- B01J2219/00234—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions of the reaction system inside the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
- B01J2219/00222—Control algorithm taking actions
- B01J2219/00227—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions
- B01J2219/00238—Control algorithm taking actions modifying the operating conditions of the heat exchange system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
- B01J2219/30483—Fibrous materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/22—Hydrogen, per se
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
Description
a)水素化処理で反応した水素の量を決定する工程、
b)反応した水素の量と投入した出発原料の量との比率を決定する工程、
c)工程b)で導かれた比率と規定値とを比較する工程、そして
d)もし、工程b)で導かれた比率が規定値から規定量それている場合に、少なくとも1つのプロセスパラメータを変更する工程。
4 供給ライン
6 カラム
8 第1熱交換器
10 底部
12 溶剤排出ライン
14 溶剤排出口
16 上部
18 接続ライン
20 部分コンデンサ
22 プリヒータ
24 水素化処理炉
26 排出ライン
28 第2熱交換器
30 空冷コンデンサ
32 コンデンサ
34 製品分離器
36 製品搬出ライン
38 製品搬出部
40 オフガスライン
42 ライン
44 水素ライン
46 水素入口
47 熱交換器
48 コンプレッサ
49 第1流量計
50 データライン
52 制御器
54 第2流量計
56 フロー制御器
58 温度制御器
60 圧力制御器
62 制御バルブ
64 制御器
66 圧力計
Claims (13)
- 水素化処理炉内で出発原料の水素化処理を制御する方法において、以下の工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
a)前記水素化処理で反応した水素の量を決定する工程、
b)前記反応した水素の量と投入した出発原料の量との比率を決定する工程、
c)前記工程b)で導かれた比率と規定値とを比較する工程、そして
d)もし、前記工程b)で導かれた比率が前記規定値から規定量それている場合に、少なくとも1つのプロセスパラメータを変更する工程。 - 前記反応した水素の量を決定するために、プロセスから排出される水素の量とプロセスに投入された水素の量との差を導出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理炉内の温度を制御する温度制御器の設定ポイントが前記工程c)で実行された前記比較から生成されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理炉内の圧力は、材料側又は排出側の圧力制御により一定に保たれることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記投入される水素の量を調整し、
前記水素化処理炉内で確立される圧力を、当該圧力と制御器での規定値とを比較し温度を制御することにより一定に保ち、
圧力の規定値からの実際の圧力の値の偏差により前記温度のための制御パラメータを生成することにより、
前記反応した水素の量と前記投入した出発原料の量との前記比率は、一定に保たれることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 前記反応した水素の量と前記投入した出発原料の量との前記比率と、前記水素化処理炉内の温度とが、一定に保たれることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理炉内の温度は、伝熱媒質の温度により設定されることを特徴とする請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記伝熱媒質は、前記水素化処理炉内に設置された少なくとも1つの管及び/又は二重壁として構成された反応炉壁を通って流れることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理は、異種混合の触媒の存在下で実行されることを特徴とする請求項1〜8の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、活性成分としてCu、Pt、Rh、Pd又はこれらの混合物を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理炉は、少なくとも1つの気相及び/又は少なくとも1つの液相又は超臨界流体を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜10の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 供給材料の流れは、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、マレイン酸(モノ)エステル、及び無水マレイン酸誘導体の中から選ばれた1つ又はそれ以上の化合物を含み、コハク酸、無水コハク酸、γブチロラクトン、ブタンジオール、テトラヒドロフラン及びブタノールの中から選ばれた1つ又はそれ以上の化合物が前記水素化処理により得られることを特徴とする請求項1〜11の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記水素化処理は170〜300℃の温度範囲内及び5〜100バールの圧力範囲内で行われることを特徴とする請求項1〜12の何れか1項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005004604.5 | 2005-02-01 | ||
DE102005004604A DE102005004604A1 (de) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Hydrierung |
PCT/EP2006/050507 WO2006082165A1 (de) | 2005-02-01 | 2006-01-30 | Verfahren zur steuerung einer hydrierung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008528555A JP2008528555A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
JP4932740B2 true JP4932740B2 (ja) | 2012-05-16 |
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JP2007552654A Expired - Fee Related JP4932740B2 (ja) | 2005-02-01 | 2006-01-30 | 水素化処理の制御方法 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8071389B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1846353B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4932740B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101356318B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101107213B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE502913T1 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE102005004604A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006082165A1 (ja) |
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JP6238530B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-28 | 2017-11-29 | クラリアント触媒株式会社 | レブリン酸/エステルの水素化触媒、それを用いたラクトン合成反応、及びラクトン製造設備 |
US8926718B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-06 | Celanese International Corporation | Thermochemically produced ethanol compositions |
US8975450B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-03-10 | Celanese International Corporation | Ethanol and ethyl acetate production using an acetic acid and acetic anhydride mixed feed |
CN103553877B (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-06-17 | 新疆天业(集团)有限公司 | 电石炉气制乙二醇中乙二醇精馏的方法 |
CN104086364B (zh) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽淮化股份有限公司 | 合成气制乙二醇加氢单元产品输送装置 |
US11572324B1 (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2023-02-07 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, Lp | Methods for operating ethylene oligomerization reactor systems with an integrated ultrasonic flow meter |
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JPS5120527B1 (ja) * | 1969-12-16 | 1976-06-25 | ||
US4083809A (en) * | 1976-08-20 | 1978-04-11 | Gaf Corporation | Hydrogenation catalyst and method of producing same |
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US3541178A (en) * | 1967-06-02 | 1970-11-17 | Union Rheinische Braunkohlen | Process for removing acetylenes from mixtures of hydrocarbons |
US3798002A (en) * | 1969-12-16 | 1974-03-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Computer control system for refining and hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons |
US3809621A (en) * | 1969-12-16 | 1974-05-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Computer control system for refining and hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons |
JPS5120527A (ja) * | 1974-08-09 | 1976-02-18 | Seiko Instr & Electronics | |
US4476094A (en) * | 1982-05-04 | 1984-10-09 | Uop Inc. | Apparatus for hydrogen conservation in hydrogen recycle processes |
DE10209633A1 (de) * | 2002-03-02 | 2003-09-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur gleichzeitigen Herstellung von Tetrahydrofuran und Pyrrolidonen |
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- 2006-01-30 KR KR1020077017674A patent/KR101356318B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-30 AT AT06707886T patent/ATE502913T1/de active
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JPS5120527B1 (ja) * | 1969-12-16 | 1976-06-25 | ||
US4083809A (en) * | 1976-08-20 | 1978-04-11 | Gaf Corporation | Hydrogenation catalyst and method of producing same |
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WO2006082165A1 (de) | 2006-08-10 |
JP2008528555A (ja) | 2008-07-31 |
ATE502913T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
CN101107213B (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
US8071389B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
EP1846353B1 (de) | 2011-03-23 |
US20080166816A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
EP1846353A1 (de) | 2007-10-24 |
DE102005004604A1 (de) | 2006-08-10 |
CN101107213A (zh) | 2008-01-16 |
KR20070103016A (ko) | 2007-10-22 |
DE502006009156D1 (de) | 2011-05-05 |
KR101356318B1 (ko) | 2014-01-28 |
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