JP4909521B2 - Solid polymer water electrolyzer - Google Patents

Solid polymer water electrolyzer Download PDF

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JP4909521B2
JP4909521B2 JP2005083186A JP2005083186A JP4909521B2 JP 4909521 B2 JP4909521 B2 JP 4909521B2 JP 2005083186 A JP2005083186 A JP 2005083186A JP 2005083186 A JP2005083186 A JP 2005083186A JP 4909521 B2 JP4909521 B2 JP 4909521B2
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container
water
hole
pedestal
cathode
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JP2006265594A (en
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仁志 尾白
賢治 杉野
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Hitachi Zosen Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Description

本発明は、固体高分子電解質膜を用いて、水の電気分解により、数十ＭＰａ、例えば少なくとも４０ＭＰａ、好ましくは７０ＭＰａの高圧水素ガスを発生させる高圧水素製造装置に関し、より詳しくは圧力容器内に収められた水電解槽に関する。   The present invention relates to a high-pressure hydrogen production apparatus that generates a high-pressure hydrogen gas of several tens of MPa, for example, at least 40 MPa, preferably 70 MPa, by electrolysis of water using a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and more specifically, in a pressure vessel. It is related with the water electrolyzer stored.

従来、圧力容器(71)内に固体高分子型水電解槽(72)を設置するには、図７に示すように、圧力容器(71)の底壁(73)内面の隆起部(74)上に水電解槽(72)をボルト・ナット(75)で固定し、底壁(72)に設けられた給水口(75)、排水口(76)、水素排出口(77)、酸素排出口(78)にそれぞれ給水管(79)、排水管(80)、水素排出管(81)、酸素排出管(82)を接続していた（特許文献１の図４参照）。
特願２００４−０６０００２号明細書 Conventionally, in order to install a polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer (72) in a pressure vessel (71), as shown in FIG. 7, a raised portion (74) on the inner surface of the bottom wall (73) of the pressure vessel (71). The water electrolyzer (72) is fixed with bolts and nuts (75) on the top, and the water supply port (75), drainage port (76), hydrogen discharge port (77), oxygen discharge port provided on the bottom wall (72) A water supply pipe (79), a drain pipe (80), a hydrogen discharge pipe (81), and an oxygen discharge pipe (82) were connected to (78), respectively (see FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-060002

しかし、上記のような構造ではメンテナンスの際に水電解槽を交換するのに多くの配管類の取り外し／取り付け作業を必要とし、メンテナンス作業が甚だ繁雑となった。   However, in the structure as described above, it is necessary to remove and attach many pipes in order to replace the water electrolyzer for maintenance, and the maintenance work becomes very complicated.

本発明は、このような実状に鑑み、メンテナンス時の配管類の取り外し／取り付け作業を極力減らし、水電解槽を容易に交換できる固体高分子型水電解槽を提供することを課題とする。   In view of such a situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid polymer type water electrolyzer capable of reducing the removal / attachment work of piping during maintenance as much as possible and easily exchanging the water electrolyzer.

請求項１に係る発明は、
容器内に設置された水電解槽であって、
両端に配された陽極主電極および陰極主電極と、
これらの主電極の間に直列に積層状に配され、かつ一方を陽極側ガス発生室、他方を陰極側ガス発生室としてなる複数個の単位セルと、
陽極主電極−複数の単位セル−陰極主電極の組み合わせを上下から挟む頂板および台座と、
頂板および台座の各四隅部どうしを連結し、かつ上記組み合わせを上下から締め付ける複数のボルト・ナットとから構成されてなる水電解槽において、
水電解槽内部に、陰極側ガス発生室に連通した電解槽貫通孔が設けられると共に同貫通孔は台座に設けられた台座貫通孔と連通し、
容器底部には台座貫通孔に連通する容器貫通孔が設けられ、該容器貫通孔には下部ガス排出口が接続されており、
台座の下面に凸部が設けられると共に、容器の底壁上面に凹部が設けられ、
容器の底壁およびその凹部と水電解槽の台座およびその凸部の間にシール部材が介在されており、
さらに、容器の胴部に給水口が設けられ、給水口に給水管が接続され、容器上部にはガス排出口が設けられており、
水の電解により、各陽極にて発生した酸素は水電解槽から容器の内部に出て、容器内で気液分離されて容器上部のガス排出口に至るようになっており、
各陰極にて発生した水素と同伴水は水電解槽から電解槽貫通孔に出て、ここから台座貫通孔および容器貫通孔を経て下部ガス排出口に至るようになっていることを特徴とする固体高分子型水電解槽である。
The invention according to claim 1
A water electrolysis tank installed in a container,
An anode main electrode and a cathode main electrode arranged at both ends;
A plurality of unit cells arranged in series between these main electrodes, one of which serves as an anode side gas generation chamber and the other serves as a cathode side gas generation chamber,
A top plate and a pedestal sandwiching a combination of an anode main electrode-a plurality of unit cells-cathode main electrodes from above and below;
In the water electrolysis tank composed of a plurality of bolts and nuts that connect the top corners and the four corners of the pedestal and tighten the combination from above and below,
In the water electrolysis tank , an electrolytic cell through hole communicating with the cathode side gas generation chamber is provided and the through hole communicates with a pedestal through hole provided in the pedestal,
A container through hole communicating with the base through hole is provided at the bottom of the container, and a lower gas discharge port is connected to the container through hole,
A convex portion is provided on the lower surface of the pedestal, and a concave portion is provided on the upper surface of the bottom wall of the container.
A seal member is interposed between the bottom wall of the container and its concave portion and the base of the water electrolysis tank and its convex portion ,
Furthermore, a water supply port is provided in the body of the container, a water supply pipe is connected to the water supply port, and a gas discharge port is provided in the upper part of the container.
By the electrolysis of water, oxygen generated at each anode comes out of the water electrolysis tank to the inside of the container, gas-liquid separation is performed in the container, and it reaches the gas outlet at the top of the container,
Hydrogen and entrained water generated at each cathode exits from the water electrolyzer to the electrolyzer through hole, and then reaches the lower gas outlet through the base through hole and the container through hole. It is a solid polymer type water electrolyzer.

請求項２に係る発明は、
陰極を兼ねたフランジ付きロッドが下部ガス排出口から台座貫通孔に亘って内部に配され、同ロッドの先端雄ねじ部が上記陰極主電極の雌ねじ部に螺着され、下部ガス排出口の下端とフランジ付きロッドのフランジ部の間に絶縁シール材が介在されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の固体高分子型水電解槽である。
The invention according to claim 2
A flanged rod that also serves as a cathode is arranged in the interior from the lower gas discharge port to the pedestal through-hole, and the male screw portion of the rod is screwed to the female screw portion of the cathode main electrode, and the lower end of the lower gas discharge port 2. The polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer according to claim 1, wherein an insulating sealing material is interposed between flange portions of the flanged rod.

請求項３に係る発明は、
容器内に設置された水電解槽であって、
上端に配された陽極主電極および下端に設けられ、かつ陰極主電極を兼ねた台座と、
上記陽極主電極および台座の間に配され、かつ一方を陽極側ガス発生室、他方を陰極側ガス発生室としてなる複数個の単位セルと、
陽極主電極−複数の単位セルの組み合わせを台座と共に上下から挟む頂板と、
頂板および台座の各四隅部どうしを連結し、かつ上記組み合わせを上下から締め付けるボルト・ナットとから構成されてなる水電解槽において、
水電解槽内部に、陰極側ガス発生室に連通した電解槽貫通孔が設けられると共に同貫通孔は台座に設けられた台座貫通孔と連通し、台座貫通孔には、下部ガス排出口が接続されており、
台座の下面に凸部が設けられると共に、容器の底壁に開口部が設けられ、
容器の底壁およびその開口部と水電解槽の台座およびその凸部の間にシール部材が介在されており、
さらに、容器の胴部に給水口が設けられ、給水口に給水管が接続され、容器の上部にガス排出口が設けられており、
水の電解により、各陽極にて発生した酸素は水電解槽から容器の内部に出て、容器内で気液分離されて容器上部のガス排出口に至るようになっており、
各陰極にて発生した水素と同伴水は水電解槽から電解槽貫通孔に出て、ここから台座貫通孔を経て下部ガス排出口に至るようになっていることを特徴とする固体高分子型水電解槽である。
The invention according to claim 3
A water electrolysis tank installed in a container,
An anode main electrode disposed at the upper end and a pedestal provided at the lower end and also serving as the cathode main electrode;
A plurality of unit cells arranged between the anode main electrode and the pedestal, and one of which serves as an anode side gas generation chamber and the other serves as a cathode side gas generation chamber;
An anode main electrode-a top plate sandwiching a combination of a plurality of unit cells together with a pedestal from above and below;
In the water electrolysis tank composed of bolts and nuts that connect the top corners and the four corners of the pedestal and tighten the combination from above and below,
An electrolytic cell through-hole communicating with the cathode-side gas generation chamber is provided inside the water electrolysis cell, and the through-hole communicates with a pedestal through-hole provided in the pedestal , and a lower gas discharge port is connected to the pedestal through-hole. Has been
A convex portion is provided on the lower surface of the pedestal, and an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the container.
A seal member is interposed between the bottom wall of the container and its opening and the base of the water electrolysis tank and its convex part ,
Furthermore, a water supply port is provided in the body of the container, a water supply pipe is connected to the water supply port, and a gas discharge port is provided in the upper part of the container.
By the electrolysis of water, oxygen generated at each anode comes out of the water electrolysis tank to the inside of the container, gas-liquid separation is performed in the container, and it reaches the gas outlet at the top of the container ,
Solid polymer type characterized in that hydrogen and entrained water generated at each cathode exit from the water electrolyzer to the electrolyzer through hole, and from here through the pedestal through hole to the lower gas outlet It is a water electrolysis tank.

請求項４に係る発明は、
容器胴部に電源用貫通孔が開けられ、該貫通孔を経て電源導線が配され水電解槽の電極に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の固体高分子型水電解槽である。
The invention according to claim 4
The solid body height according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a through hole for power supply is formed in the container body, and a power supply conductor is arranged through the through hole and connected to an electrode of the water electrolysis tank. This is a molecular water electrolyzer.

請求項５に係る発明は、
容器本体が陽極側ガス発生室と連通し、圧力容器が純水で満たされていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の固体高分子型水電解槽
The invention according to claim 5
The container body is communicated with the anode side gas generating chamber, a solid polymer type water electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure vessel is filled with pure water

容器収容型水電解槽を組立てるには、請求項１〜３に係る発明では、台座を備えた水電解槽を容器内に入れ、電解槽貫通孔と台座貫通孔と容器貫通孔を通るフランジ付きロッドを用いて、組立作業を容器内部でなく外部で行うことができる。請求項４〜６に係る発明では、水電解槽を容器内に入れ、台座下面の凸部を容器底壁の開口部に嵌め込めばよく、組立作業を容器外部で行うことができる。   In order to assemble the container-accommodating water electrolyzer, in the invention according to claims 1 to 3, the water electrolyzer provided with a pedestal is placed in the container, and the electrolyzer through hole, the pedestal through hole, and the flange through the container through hole are provided. Using the rod, the assembling work can be performed outside rather than inside the container. In the inventions according to claims 4 to 6, the water electrolyzer is placed in the container, and the convex portion on the bottom surface of the base is fitted into the opening of the bottom wall of the container, and the assembling work can be performed outside the container.

水電解槽を交換するには、台座を備えた水電解槽をそのまま容器から取り出すことができ、従来技術で用いられていた配管類の数が少なくて済む上に、配管類の繁雑な取り外し／取り付け作業を軽減することができる。   In order to replace the water electrolyzer, the water electrolyzer equipped with a pedestal can be taken out of the container as it is, and the number of pipes used in the prior art can be reduced, and complicated removal / removal of the pipes is required. Installation work can be reduced.

つぎに、本発明を具体的に説明するために、本発明の実施例をいくつか挙げる。   Next, in order to explain the present invention specifically, some examples of the present invention will be given.

実施例１
図１〜図３において、固体高分子型水電解槽(1) は、圧力容器(2) 内に設置されている。水電解槽(1) は、図３に示すように、両端に配された陽極主電極(3) および陰極主電極(4) と、これらの主電極(3) (4) の間に直列に積層状に配され、かつ一方を陽極側ガス発生室、他方を陰極側ガス発生室としてなる複数個の単位セル(5) と、陽極主電極(3) −複数の単位セル(5) −陰極主電極(4) の組み合わせを上下から挟む頂板(6) および台座(7) と、頂板(6) および台座(7) の各四隅部どうしを連結し、かつ上記組み合わせを上下から締め付ける複数のボルト・ナット(8) とから構成されてなる。 Example 1
1 to 3, the polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer (1) is installed in a pressure vessel (2). As shown in FIG. 3, the water electrolyzer (1) is connected in series between the anode main electrode (3) and the cathode main electrode (4) disposed at both ends, and these main electrodes (3) (4). A plurality of unit cells (5) arranged in a stack and having one as an anode side gas generation chamber and the other as a cathode side gas generation chamber, and an anode main electrode (3)-a plurality of unit cells (5)-a cathode A plurality of bolts that connect the top plate (6) and pedestal (7) sandwiching the combination of the main electrode (4) from above and below, and the four corners of the top plate (6) and pedestal (7), and tighten the combination from above and below. -It consists of a nut (8).

１つの単位セル(5) は、複極板(9)の陽極側、陽極給電体(10)、電極接合体膜(11)、陰極給電体(12)および隣の複極板(9)の陰極側から主として構成されている。   One unit cell (5) consists of the anode side of the bipolar plate (9), the anode feeder (10), the electrode assembly film (11), the cathode feeder (12) and the adjacent bipolar plate (9). It is mainly configured from the cathode side.

複数の単位セル(5) を水電解槽(1) の中央にて垂直に貫通する電解槽貫通孔(13)が設けられ、同貫通孔(13)は水電解槽(1) 内部にて一方のガス発生室に連通し、かつ台座(7) に設けられた台座貫通孔(14)と連通している。容器底部には台座貫通孔(14)に連通した容器貫通孔(15)が設けられ、該容器貫通孔(15)には下部ガス排出口(16)が接続されている。   An electrolytic cell through-hole (13) that vertically penetrates a plurality of unit cells (5) at the center of the water electrolyzer (1) is provided, and the through-hole (13) is provided inside the water electrolyzer (1). The gas generation chamber communicates with a pedestal through hole (14) provided in the pedestal (7). A container through hole (15) communicating with the base through hole (14) is provided at the bottom of the container, and a lower gas discharge port (16) is connected to the container through hole (15).

陽極主電極(3) と頂板(6) の間、および陰極主電極(4) と台座(7) の間にはそれぞれ絶縁シール材(18)(19)が介在されている。   Insulating sealing materials (18) and (19) are interposed between the anode main electrode (3) and the top plate (6) and between the cathode main electrode (4) and the base (7), respectively.

台座(7) の下面中央部にはテーパー状の凸部(20)が設けられると共に、容器(2) の底壁(21)上面中央部にテーパー状の凹部(22)が設けられ、凸部(20)が凹部(22)に嵌め込まれている。   A taper-shaped convex part (20) is provided at the center of the lower surface of the base (7), and a taper-shaped concave part (22) is provided at the center of the upper surface of the bottom wall (21) of the container (2). (20) is fitted into the recess (22).

チタン製フランジ付きロッド(23)が下部ガス排出口(16)から台座貫通孔(14)に亘って内部に配され、同ロッド(23)の先端雄ねじ部(24)が陰極主電極(4) の雌ねじ部(25)に螺着されている。フランジ付きロッド(23)は陰極を兼ねる。雌ネジ部(25)の外周には陰極主電極(4) に複数のガス通過孔(49)が開けられている。容器(2) の底壁(21)およびその凹部(22)と台座(7) およびその凸部(20)の間には複数のリング状シール材(17)が介在されており、容器(2) 内の純水が下部ガス排出口(16)内へ入ることを防ぎ、かつ発生したガスが容器(2) 内へ漏れないようにしている。下部ガス排出口(16)の下端フランジ部(26)とフランジ付きロッド(23)の下端フランジ部(27)の間には絶縁シール材(28)が介在され、下部ガス排出口(16)とフランジ付きロッド(23)が絶縁されると共に下部ガス排出口(16)内部のガスが外部へ漏れないようにしている。下部ガス排出口(16)にはその側方突部に下部ガス取出管(29)が接続されている。   A titanium flanged rod (23) is arranged in the interior from the lower gas discharge port (16) to the base through hole (14), and the tip male thread portion (24) of the rod (23) is the cathode main electrode (4) The female thread portion (25) is screwed. The flanged rod (23) also serves as a cathode. A plurality of gas passage holes (49) are formed in the cathode main electrode (4) on the outer periphery of the female screw portion (25). A plurality of ring-shaped sealing materials (17) are interposed between the bottom wall (21) of the container (2) and its concave part (22) and the base (7) and its convex part (20). ) Prevents pure water from entering the lower gas discharge port (16) and prevents the generated gas from leaking into the container (2). An insulating sealing material (28) is interposed between the lower end flange portion (26) of the lower gas discharge port (16) and the lower end flange portion (27) of the flanged rod (23), and the lower gas discharge port (16) The flanged rod (23) is insulated and the gas inside the lower gas discharge port (16) is prevented from leaking outside. A lower gas outlet pipe (29) is connected to the side protrusion of the lower gas outlet (16).

容器(2) の胴部に給水口(30)が設けられ、同口(30)に給水管(31)が接続され、容器の蓋体(35)には上部ガス取出口(32)が設けられている。   A water supply port (30) is provided in the body of the container (2), a water supply pipe (31) is connected to the same port (30), and an upper gas outlet (32) is provided in the container lid (35). It has been.

容器(2) の胴部に給水口(30)の反対側に電源用貫通孔(48)が開けられ、同貫通孔(48)を経て電源導線(33)が配され、水電解槽の陽極主電極(3) に取り付けている給電端子(34)に接続されている。   A through-hole (48) for power supply is opened in the body of the container (2) on the opposite side of the water supply port (30), and a power supply lead (33) is arranged through the through-hole (48), and the anode of the water electrolysis tank It is connected to a power feeding terminal (34) attached to the main electrode (3).

上記構成の固体高分子型水電解槽において、純水をタンク(36)からポンプ(37)によって給水管(31)および給水圧調節弁(41)を経て容器(2) 内に供給し、水電解槽(1) を水没させるように容器(2) 内に貯える。   In the polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer having the above-described configuration, pure water is supplied from the tank (36) to the container (2) through the water supply pipe (31) and the water supply pressure control valve (41) by the pump (37), The electrolytic cell (1) is stored in the container (2) so as to be submerged.

これにより水電解槽(1) 内に純水が供給され、水の電解により各陽極にて発生した酸素は水電解槽(1) から容器(2) の内部に出る。酸素は容器(2) 内で気液分離され、上部ガス出口(32)から上部ガス取出管(38)によって取り出される。給水管(31)の給水圧調節弁(41)および上部ガス取出管(38)の酸素流量調節弁(39)は、電極接合体膜が破れないように、圧力計(40)によって制御される。   As a result, pure water is supplied into the water electrolysis tank (1), and oxygen generated at each anode by electrolysis of water exits from the water electrolysis tank (1) to the inside of the container (2). Oxygen is gas-liquid separated in the container (2) and taken out from the upper gas outlet (32) by the upper gas outlet pipe (38). The water supply pressure adjustment valve (41) of the water supply pipe (31) and the oxygen flow rate adjustment valve (39) of the upper gas extraction pipe (38) are controlled by the pressure gauge (40) so that the electrode assembly membrane is not broken. .

水電解槽の各陰極にて発生した水素と同伴水は、電解槽貫通孔(13)に出て、ここから複数のガス通過孔(49)を通過し台座貫通孔(14)および容器貫通孔(15)を経て下部ガス排出口(16)に至り、ここから下部ガス取出管(29)を通って水素気液分離室(34)へ送られる。同分離室(34)で分離された水素は、冷却器(42)および水素流量調節弁(43)を経て水素ライン(44)によって取り出される。水素流量調節弁(43)は、電極接合体膜が破れないように、圧力計(46)によって制御される。分離水は水循環ライン(45)によって水循環調節弁(47)を経てタンク(36)へ戻される。   Hydrogen and entrained water generated at each cathode of the water electrolysis tank goes out to the electrolyzer through-hole (13) and passes through a plurality of gas passage holes (49) from here through the base through-hole (14) and the container through-hole. Through (15), it reaches the lower gas discharge port (16), and is sent from here through the lower gas extraction pipe (29) to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation chamber (34). The hydrogen separated in the separation chamber (34) is taken out by the hydrogen line (44) through the cooler (42) and the hydrogen flow control valve (43). The hydrogen flow rate control valve (43) is controlled by the pressure gauge (46) so that the electrode assembly membrane is not broken. The separated water is returned to the tank (36) through the water circulation control valve (47) by the water circulation line (45).

メンテナンスの際に水電解槽を交換するには、まず、陰極主電極(4) からフランジ付きロッド(23)を取り外す。次に、容器(2) から蓋体(35)を外し、電源導線(33)を陽極主電極(3) の給電端子(34)から取り外し、台座(7) に載せてある水電解槽(1) を容器(2) から取り出す。   To replace the water electrolyzer during maintenance, first remove the flanged rod (23) from the cathode main electrode (4). Next, remove the lid (35) from the container (2), remove the power supply wire (33) from the feed terminal (34) of the anode main electrode (3), and place the water electrolyzer (1) on the base (7). ) Is removed from the container (2).

上記構成の水電解槽を用いる水電解装置は、数十ＭＰａ、例えば燃料電池車をガソリン車と同等距離走行させるのに水素ステーションで必要とされる少なくとも４０ＭＰａ、好ましくは７０ＭＰａの高圧水素ガスを供給することができる。   The water electrolysis apparatus using the water electrolysis tank having the above configuration supplies high-pressure hydrogen gas of several tens of MPa, for example, at least 40 MPa, preferably 70 MPa required for a hydrogen station to travel a fuel cell vehicle at the same distance as a gasoline vehicle. can do.

実施例２
図４〜図６において、固体高分子型水電解槽(1) は、圧力容器(2) 内に設置されている。同水電解槽(1) は、図６に示すように、上端に配された陽極主電極(3) および下端に設けられ、かつ陰極主電極を兼ねた台座(7) と、上記陽極主電極(3) および台座(7) の間に直列に積層状に配され、かつ一方を陽極側ガス発生室、他方を陰極側ガス発生室としてなる複数個の単位セル(5) と、陽極主電極(3) −複数の単位セル(5) の組み合わせを台座(7) と共に上下から挟む頂板(6) と、頂板(6) および台座(7) の各四隅部どうしを連結し、かつ上記組み合わせを上下から締め付けるボルト・ナット(8) とから構成されてなる。 Example 2
4 to 6, the solid polymer type water electrolyzer (1) is installed in the pressure vessel (2). As shown in FIG. 6, the water electrolyzer (1) includes an anode main electrode (3) disposed at the upper end, a pedestal (7) provided at the lower end and also serving as the cathode main electrode, and the anode main electrode. A plurality of unit cells (5) arranged in series between the pedestal (7) and the pedestal (7), one of which serves as an anode side gas generation chamber and the other as a cathode side gas generation chamber, and an anode main electrode (3) − Connect the top plate (6) that sandwiches the combination of multiple unit cells (5) together with the pedestal (7) from above and below, and connect the four corners of the top plate (6) and pedestal (7). It consists of bolts and nuts (8) that are tightened from above and below.

１つの単位セル(5) は、複極板(9)の陽極側、陽極給電体(10)、電極接合体膜(11)、陰
極給電体(12)および隣の複極板(9)の陰極側から主として構成されている。 One unit cell (5) consists of the anode side of the bipolar plate (9), the anode feeder (10), the electrode assembly film (11), the cathode feeder (12) and the adjacent bipolar plate (9). It is mainly configured from the cathode side.

複数の単位セル(5) を水電解槽(1) の中央にて垂直に貫通する電解槽貫通孔(13)が設けられ、同貫通孔(13)は水電解槽(1) 内部にて一方のガス発生室に連通し、かつ台座(7) に設けられた台座貫通孔(14)と連通している。同貫通孔(14)には下部ガス排出口(16)が接続され、下部ガス排出口(16)の下端には下部ガス取出管(29)が接続されている。   An electrolytic cell through-hole (13) that vertically penetrates a plurality of unit cells (5) at the center of the water electrolyzer (1) is provided, and the through-hole (13) is provided inside the water electrolyzer (1). The gas generation chamber communicates with a pedestal through hole (14) provided in the pedestal (7). A lower gas outlet (16) is connected to the through hole (14), and a lower gas outlet pipe (29) is connected to the lower end of the lower gas outlet (16).

陽極主電極(3) と頂板(6) の間には絶縁シール材(18)が介在されている。陰極主電極を兼ねた台座(7) と下部ガス排出口(16)の間には絶縁シール材(19)が介在され、下部ガス排出口(16)が絶縁されると共に発生したガスが外部へ漏れないようにしている。   An insulating seal material (18) is interposed between the anode main electrode (3) and the top plate (6). An insulating sealing material (19) is interposed between the pedestal (7), which also serves as the cathode main electrode, and the lower gas discharge port (16). The lower gas discharge port (16) is insulated and the generated gas is discharged to the outside. I try not to leak.

台座(7) の下面中央部にテーパー状の凸部(20)が設けられると共に、容器(2) の底壁(21)中央部にテーパー状の開口部(51)が設けられ、凸部(20)が開口部(51)に嵌め込まれている。容器(2) の底壁(21)およびその開口部(51)と台座(7) およびその凸部(20)の間には複数のリング状シール材(17)が介在されており、容器(2) 内部の純水が外部へ出ることを防ぎ、かつ下部ガス排出口(16)内部のガスが容器(2) 内部へ漏れないようにしている。   A tapered protrusion (20) is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the base (7), and a tapered opening (51) is provided at the center of the bottom wall (21) of the container (2). 20) is fitted in the opening (51). A plurality of ring-shaped sealing materials (17) are interposed between the bottom wall (21) of the container (2) and its opening (51) and the base (7) and its convex part (20). 2) The internal pure water is prevented from going outside, and the gas inside the lower gas outlet (16) is prevented from leaking into the container (2).

容器(2) の胴部に給水口(30)が設けられ、同口(30)に給水管(31)が接続され、容器の蓋体(35)には上部ガス取出口(32)が設けられている。   A water supply port (30) is provided in the body of the container (2), a water supply pipe (31) is connected to the same port (30), and an upper gas outlet (32) is provided in the container lid (35). It has been.

容器(2) の胴部に給水口(30)の反対側に電源用貫通孔(48)が開けられ、同貫通孔(48)を経て電源導線(33)が配され、水電解槽の陽極主電極(3) に取り付けている給電端子(34)に接続されている。   A through-hole (48) for power supply is opened in the body of the container (2) on the opposite side of the water supply port (30), and a power supply lead (33) is arranged through the through-hole (48), and the anode of the water electrolysis tank It is connected to a power feeding terminal (34) attached to the main electrode (3).

上記構成の固体高分子型水電解槽において、純水をタンク(36)からポンプ(37)によって給水管(31)および給水圧調節弁(41)を経て容器(2) 内に供給し、水電解槽(1) を水没させるように容器(2) 内に貯える。   In the polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer having the above-described configuration, pure water is supplied from the tank (36) to the container (2) through the water supply pipe (31) and the water supply pressure control valve (41) by the pump (37), The electrolytic cell (1) is stored in the container (2) so as to be submerged.

これにより水電解槽(1) 内に純水が供給され、水の電解により各陽極にて発生した酸素は水電解槽(1) から容器(2) の内部に出る。酸素は容器(2) 内で気液分離され、上部ガス出口(32)から上部ガス取出管(38)によって取り出される。給水管(31)の給水圧調節弁(41)および上部ガス取出管(38)の酸素流量調節弁(39)は、電極接合体膜が破れないように、圧力計(40)によって制御される。   As a result, pure water is supplied into the water electrolysis tank (1), and oxygen generated at each anode by electrolysis of water exits from the water electrolysis tank (1) to the inside of the container (2). Oxygen is gas-liquid separated in the container (2) and taken out from the upper gas outlet (32) by the upper gas outlet pipe (38). The water supply pressure adjustment valve (41) of the water supply pipe (31) and the oxygen flow rate adjustment valve (39) of the upper gas extraction pipe (38) are controlled by the pressure gauge (40) so that the electrode assembly membrane is not broken. .

水電解槽の各陰極にて発生した水素と同伴水は、電解槽貫通孔(13)に出て、ここから台座貫通孔(14)を経て下部ガス排出口(16)に至り、ここから下部ガス取出管(29)を通って水素気液分離室(34)へ送られる。同分離室(34)で分離された水素は、冷却器(42)および水素流量調節弁(43)を経て水素ライン(44)によって取り出される。水素流量調節弁(43)は、電極接合体膜が破れないように、圧力計(46)によって制御される。分離水は水循環ライン(45)によって水循環調節弁(47)を経てタンク(36)へ戻される。   Hydrogen and entrained water generated at each cathode of the water electrolysis tank goes out to the electrolyzer through hole (13), from here through the base through hole (14) to the lower gas discharge port (16), from here to the lower part It is sent to the hydrogen gas-liquid separation chamber (34) through the gas extraction pipe (29). The hydrogen separated in the separation chamber (34) is taken out by the hydrogen line (44) through the cooler (42) and the hydrogen flow control valve (43). The hydrogen flow rate control valve (43) is controlled by the pressure gauge (46) so that the electrode assembly membrane is not broken. The separated water is returned to the tank (36) through the water circulation control valve (47) by the water circulation line (45).

メンテナンスの際に水電解槽を交換するには、まず、下部ガス排出口(16)に接続されている下部ガス取出管(29)を下部ガス排出口(16)から取り外し、台座(7) に接続している陰極側導線を台座(7) から取り外す。次に、容器(2) から蓋体(35)を外し、電源導線(33)を陽極主電極(3) の給電端子(34)から取り外し、台座(7) に載せてある水電解槽(1) を容器(2) から取り出す。   To replace the water electrolyzer during maintenance, first remove the lower gas outlet pipe (29) connected to the lower gas outlet (16) from the lower gas outlet (16) and place it on the base (7). Remove the connected cathode conductor from the base (7). Next, remove the lid (35) from the container (2), remove the power supply wire (33) from the feed terminal (34) of the anode main electrode (3), and place the water electrolyzer (1) on the base (7). ) Is removed from the container (2).

上記構成の水電解槽を用いる水電解装置は、数十ＭＰａ、例えば燃料電池車をガソリン車と同等距離走行させるのに水素ステーションで必要とされる少なくとも４０ＭＰａ、好ましくは７０ＭＰａの高圧水素ガスを供給することができる。   The water electrolysis apparatus using the water electrolysis tank having the above configuration supplies high-pressure hydrogen gas of several tens of MPa, for example, at least 40 MPa, preferably 70 MPa required for a hydrogen station to travel a fuel cell vehicle at the same distance as a gasoline vehicle. can do.

図１は実施例１の固体高分子型水電解水素発生装置の垂直断面図である。1 is a vertical sectional view of a solid polymer type water electrolysis hydrogen generator of Example 1. FIG. 図２は実施例１の固体高分子型水電解水崇発生装置の容器下部の垂直縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the lower portion of the container of the polymer electrolyte water electrolyzed water generator of Example 1. 図３は実施例１の固体高分子型水電解槽の垂直縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer of Example 1.

断面図である。
図４は実施例２の固体高分子型水電解水素発生装置の垂直断面図である。 図５は実施例２の固体高分子型水電解水素発生装置の容器下部の垂直縦断面図である。 図６は実施例２の固体高分于型水電解槽の垂直縦断面図である。 図７は従来技術を示す固体高分子型水電解槽の垂直縦断面図である。 It is sectional drawing.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the polymer electrolyte water electrolysis hydrogen generator of Example 2. FIG. 5 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the lower portion of the container of the polymer electrolyte water electrolysis hydrogen generator of Example 2. FIG. 6 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the solid highly divided water electrolyzer according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a solid polymer water electrolyzer showing the prior art.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

(1) 固体高分子型水電解槽
(2) 圧力容器
(3) 陽極主電極
(4) 陰極主電極
(5) 単位セル
(6) 頂板
(7) 台座
(8) ボルト・ナット
(13)電解槽貫通孔
(14)台座貫通孔
(15)容器貫通孔
(16)下部ガス排出口
(17)リング状シール材
(18)(19)絶縁シール材
(20)凸部
(21)底壁
(22)凹部
(23)フランジ付きロッド
(28)絶縁シール材
(51)開口部 (1) Polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer
(2) Pressure vessel
(3) Anode main electrode
(4) Cathode main electrode
(5) Unit cell
(6) Top plate
(7) Pedestal
(8) Bolt / Nut
(13) Electrolyzer through hole
(14) Pedestal through hole
(15) Container through hole
(16) Lower gas outlet
(17) Ring-shaped sealing material
(18) (19) Insulating seal material
(20) Convex
(21) Bottom wall
(22) Recess
(23) Rod with flange
(28) Insulating seal material
(51) Opening

Claims (5)

容器内に設置された水電解槽であって、
両端に配された陽極主電極および陰極主電極と、
これらの主電極の間に直列に積層状に配され、かつ一方を陽極側ガス発生室、他方を陰極側ガス発生室としてなる複数個の単位セルと、
陽極主電極−複数の単位セル−陰極主電極の組み合わせを上下から挟む頂板および台座と、
頂板および台座の各四隅部どうしを連結し、かつ上記組み合わせを上下から締め付ける複数のボルト・ナットとから構成されてなる水電解槽において、
水電解槽内部に、陰極側ガス発生室に連通した電解槽貫通孔が設けられると共に同貫通孔は台座に設けられた台座貫通孔と連通し、
容器底部には台座貫通孔に連通する容器貫通孔が設けられ、該容器貫通孔には下部ガス排出口が接続されており、
台座の下面に凸部が設けられると共に、容器の底壁上面に凹部が設けられ、
容器の底壁およびその凹部と水電解槽の台座およびその凸部の間にシール部材が介在されており、
さらに、容器の胴部に給水口が設けられ、給水口に給水管が接続され、容器上部にはガス排出口が設けられており、
水の電解により、各陽極にて発生した酸素は水電解槽から容器の内部に出て、容器内で気液分離されて容器上部のガス排出口に至るようになっており、
各陰極にて発生した水素と同伴水は水電解槽から電解槽貫通孔に出て、ここから台座貫通孔および容器貫通孔を経て下部ガス排出口に至るようになっていることを特徴とする固体高分子型水電解槽。 A water electrolysis tank installed in a container,
An anode main electrode and a cathode main electrode arranged at both ends;
A plurality of unit cells arranged in series between these main electrodes, one of which serves as an anode side gas generation chamber and the other serves as a cathode side gas generation chamber,
A top plate and a pedestal sandwiching a combination of an anode main electrode-a plurality of unit cells-cathode main electrodes from above and below;
In the water electrolysis tank composed of a plurality of bolts and nuts that connect the top corners and the four corners of the pedestal and tighten the combination from above and below,
In the water electrolysis tank , an electrolytic cell through hole communicating with the cathode side gas generation chamber is provided and the through hole communicates with a pedestal through hole provided in the pedestal,
A container through hole communicating with the base through hole is provided at the bottom of the container, and a lower gas discharge port is connected to the container through hole,
A convex portion is provided on the lower surface of the pedestal, and a concave portion is provided on the upper surface of the bottom wall of the container.
A seal member is interposed between the bottom wall of the container and its concave portion and the base of the water electrolysis tank and its convex portion ,
Furthermore, a water supply port is provided in the body of the container, a water supply pipe is connected to the water supply port, and a gas discharge port is provided in the upper part of the container.
By the electrolysis of water, oxygen generated at each anode comes out of the water electrolysis tank to the inside of the container, gas-liquid separation is performed in the container, and it reaches the gas outlet at the top of the container,
Hydrogen and entrained water generated at each cathode exits from the water electrolyzer to the electrolyzer through hole, and then reaches the lower gas outlet through the base through hole and the container through hole. Solid polymer water electrolyzer. 陰極を兼ねたフランジ付きロッドが下部ガス排出口から台座貫通孔に亘って内部に配され、同ロッドの先端雄ねじ部が上記陰極主電極の雌ねじ部に螺着され、下部ガス排出口の下端とフランジ付きロッドのフランジ部の間に絶縁シール材が介在されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の固体高分子型水電解槽。   A flanged rod that also serves as a cathode is arranged inside the pedestal through-hole from the lower gas discharge port, and the male screw portion of the rod is screwed to the female screw portion of the cathode main electrode, and the lower end of the lower gas discharge port 2. The polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer according to claim 1, wherein an insulating sealing material is interposed between the flange portions of the flanged rod. 容器内に設置された水電解槽であって、
上端に配された陽極主電極および下端に設けられ、かつ陰極主電極を兼ねた台座と、
上記陽極主電極および台座の間に配され、かつ一方を陽極側ガス発生室、他方を陰極側ガス発生室としてなる複数個の単位セルと、
陽極主電極−複数の単位セルの組み合わせを台座と共に上下から挟む頂板と、
頂板および台座の各四隅部どうしを連結し、かつ上記組み合わせを上下から締め付けるボルト・ナットとから構成されてなる水電解槽において、
水電解槽内部に、陰極側ガス発生室に連通した電解槽貫通孔が設けられると共に同貫通孔は台座に設けられた台座貫通孔と連通し、台座貫通孔には、下部ガス排出口が接続されており、
台座の下面に凸部が設けられると共に、容器の底壁に開口部が設けられ、
容器の底壁およびその開口部と水電解槽の台座およびその凸部の間にシール部材が介在されており、
さらに、容器の胴部に給水口が設けられ、給水口に給水管が接続され、容器の上部にガス排出口が設けられており、
水の電解により、各陽極にて発生した酸素は水電解槽から容器の内部に出て、容器内で気液分離されて容器上部のガス排出口に至るようになっており、
各陰極にて発生した水素と同伴水は水電解槽から電解槽貫通孔に出て、ここから台座貫通孔を経て下部ガス排出口に至るようになっていることを特徴とする固体高分子型水電解槽。 A water electrolysis tank installed in a container,
An anode main electrode disposed at the upper end and a pedestal provided at the lower end and also serving as the cathode main electrode;
A plurality of unit cells arranged between the anode main electrode and the pedestal, and one of which serves as an anode side gas generation chamber and the other serves as a cathode side gas generation chamber;
An anode main electrode-a top plate sandwiching a combination of a plurality of unit cells together with a pedestal from above and below;
In the water electrolysis tank composed of bolts and nuts that connect the top corners and the four corners of the pedestal and tighten the combination from above and below,
An electrolytic cell through-hole communicating with the cathode-side gas generation chamber is provided inside the water electrolysis cell, and the through-hole communicates with a pedestal through-hole provided in the pedestal , and a lower gas discharge port is connected to the pedestal through-hole. Has been
A convex portion is provided on the lower surface of the pedestal, and an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the container.
A seal member is interposed between the bottom wall of the container and its opening and the base of the water electrolysis tank and its convex part ,
Furthermore, a water supply port is provided in the body of the container, a water supply pipe is connected to the water supply port, and a gas discharge port is provided in the upper part of the container.
By the electrolysis of water, oxygen generated at each anode comes out of the water electrolysis tank to the inside of the container, gas-liquid separation is performed in the container, and it reaches the gas outlet at the top of the container ,
Solid polymer type characterized in that hydrogen and entrained water generated at each cathode exit from the water electrolyzer to the electrolyzer through hole, and from here through the pedestal through hole to the lower gas outlet Water electrolysis tank. 容器胴部に電源用貫通孔が開けられ、該貫通孔を経て電源導線が配され水電解槽の電極に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の固体高分子型水電解槽。 The solid body height according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a through hole for power supply is formed in the container body, and a power supply conductor is arranged through the through hole and connected to an electrode of the water electrolysis tank. Molecular water electrolyzer. 容器本体が陽極側ガス発生室と連通し、圧力容器が純水で満たされていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の固体高分子型水電解槽。 The solid polymer type water electrolyzer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the container main body communicates with the anode side gas generation chamber, and the pressure container is filled with pure water.
JP2005083186A 2005-03-23 2005-03-23 Solid polymer water electrolyzer Expired - Fee Related JP4909521B2 (en)

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