JP4906839B2 - 置換n−スルホニルアミノフェニルエチル−2−フェノキシアセトアミド化合物 - Google Patents
置換n−スルホニルアミノフェニルエチル−2−フェノキシアセトアミド化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4906839B2 JP4906839B2 JP2008500290A JP2008500290A JP4906839B2 JP 4906839 B2 JP4906839 B2 JP 4906839B2 JP 2008500290 A JP2008500290 A JP 2008500290A JP 2008500290 A JP2008500290 A JP 2008500290A JP 4906839 B2 JP4906839 B2 JP 4906839B2
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- JLFKRXMSAAXAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxy-4-phenyl-n-(sulfonylamino)butanamide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(C(NN=S(=O)=O)=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 JLFKRXMSAAXAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 154
- -1 2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethylethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 114
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 68
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
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- 108050004388 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 Proteins 0.000 description 25
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
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- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
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- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 10
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- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BNGPVKSKKYIJCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolidine;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CN1CC[NH+](C)C1Cl BNGPVKSKKYIJCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- MWLSOWXNZPKENC-SSDOTTSWSA-N zileuton Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC([C@H](N(O)C(N)=O)C)=CC2=C1 MWLSOWXNZPKENC-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005332 zileuton Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000607 ziprasidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MVWVFYHBGMAFLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ziprasidone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N3CCN(CC3)CCC3=CC=4CC(=O)NC=4C=C3Cl)=NSC2=C1 MVWVFYHBGMAFLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001360 zolmitriptan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ULSDMUVEXKOYBU-ZDUSSCGKSA-N zolmitriptan Chemical compound C1=C2C(CCN(C)C)=CNC2=CC=C1C[C@H]1COC(=O)N1 ULSDMUVEXKOYBU-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zomepirac Chemical compound C1=C(CC(O)=O)N(C)C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003414 zomepirac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004496 zotepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HDOZVRUNCMBHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zotepine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC1=CC2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C12 HDOZVRUNCMBHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002517 zygapophyseal joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- C07C311/02—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C311/08—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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Description
R2は、水素、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシ、(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、ヒドロキシ(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキル、またはハロ(C1〜C6)アルキルを表し、
R3は、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、ヒドロキシ(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、ハロ(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルキルチオ、(C1〜C6)アルキルスルフィニル、(C1〜C6)アルキルスルホニル、[(C1〜C6)アルキル]NH−、または[(C1〜C6)アルキル]2N−を表し、
R4は、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C6)アルキル、ハロ(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、ヒドロキシ(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、[(C1〜C6)アルキル]NH−、または[(C1〜C6)アルキル]2N−を表し、
R5は、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、ヒドロキシ(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、ハロ(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルキルチオ、(C1〜C6)アルキルスルフィニル、(C1〜C6)アルキルスルホニル、[(C1〜C6)アルキル]NH−、[(C1〜C6)アルキル]2N−、H2N−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、(C1〜C6)アルキル−NH−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、[(C1〜C6)アルキル]2N(C1〜C6)アルコキシ、H2N−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキル、(C1〜C6)アルキル−NH−(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキル、または[(C1〜C6)アルキル]2N(C1〜C6)アルコキシ−(C1〜C6)アルキルを表し、
*は、キラル中心を示す。]
または薬学的に許容できるその塩もしくは溶媒和物を提供する。
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−メチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−フルオロ−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−ヒドロキシメチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、および
2−(4−(2,2,2−トリフルオロ−1,1−ジメチルエチル)−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−メチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
または薬学的に許容できるその塩もしくは溶媒和物から選択される。
・筋肉痛、線維筋痛、椎骨炎、血清陰性(非リウマチ様)関節症、非関節性リウマチ、ジストロフィノパチー、グリコーゲン分解、多発性筋炎、および化膿性筋炎を含む、筋骨格障害の結果として起こる疼痛、
・狭心症、心筋梗塞、僧帽弁狭窄、心外膜炎、レイノー現象、浮腫性硬化症、および骨格筋虚血によって引き起こされる疼痛を含む、心臓および血管の疼痛、
・(前兆を伴う偏頭痛および前兆を伴わない偏頭痛を含む)偏頭痛、群発性頭痛、緊張型頭痛、混合型頭痛、および血管性障害に関連する頭痛などの頭痛、ならびに
・歯痛、耳痛、口腔内灼熱症候群、および側頭下顎の筋筋膜痛を含む口腔顔面痛。
本発明の化合物は、この種類の化合物の調製についてよく知られている様々な方法によって、たとえば以下の反応スキームに示すように調製することができる。用語「保護基」とは、以下で使用するとき、T.W.Greeneら編「Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis」(John Wiley&Sons、1999年)に記載の典型的なヒドロキシまたはアミノ保護基から選択されるヒドロキシまたはアミノ保護基を意味する。
このステップでは、式(II)の化合物とトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸無水物などのトリフレート供給源とを、塩基性条件下、不活性溶媒中で反応させて、式(III)の化合物を調製することができる。
このステップでは、Buchwald、S.L.Journal of American chemical society、2002年、第124巻、6043〜6048ページに記載されているような、触媒およびXantphos存在下、不活性溶媒中、塩基性条件下での式(III)の化合物とアルキルスルホンアミドのカップリング反応によって、式(IV)の化合物を調製することができる。
このステップでは、触媒および還元剤存在下、反応不活性溶媒中で、式(IV)の化合物を式(V)のスルフィマミドを用いて脱水および還元することで、式(VI)の化合物を調製することができる。
このステップでは、D.Coganら、Journal of American Chemical Society、1999年、第121巻、268〜269ページに記載の方法を使用する、不活性溶媒中、酸性条件下での式(VI)の化合物の脱保護および塩生成によって、式(VII)の化合物を調製することができる。
このステップでは、塩基存在下、不活性溶媒中での、式(IX)の化合物による式(VIII)の化合物の置換反応によって、式(X)の化合物を調製することができる。適切な溶媒の例には、一般にはテトラヒドロフラン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジエチルエーテル、トルエン、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、または1,4−ジオキサンが含まれる。好ましい溶媒は、テトラヒドロフラン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、および1,4−ジオキサンである。適切な塩基の例には、n−ブチルリチウム、s−ブチルリチウム、t−ブチルリチウムなどのアルキルリチウム;フェニルリチウムやリチウムナフタリドなどのアリールリチウム;ナトリウムアミドやリチウムジイソプロピルアミドなどの金属アミド;水素化カリウムや水素化ナトリウムなどのアルカリ金属水素化物;および炭酸カリウムや炭酸ナトリウムなどのアルカリ金属炭酸塩が含まれる。好ましい塩基は、n−ブチルリチウム、t−ブチルリチウム、水素化カリウム、および炭酸カリウムである。この反応は、−50℃〜200℃、通常は0℃〜80℃の範囲の温度で5分間〜72時間、通常は30分間〜24時間実施することができる。
このステップでは、式(X)エステル化合物を適切な溶媒中で加水分解して、式(XI)の酸化合物を調製することができる。
このステップでは、カップリング試薬の存在下または不在下の不活性溶媒中での、式(VII)のアミン化合物と式(XI)の酸化合物のカップリング反応によって、式(I)のアミド化合物を調製することができる。この反応は、活性化したカルボキシ誘導体を経て実施することができる。
R4がt−ブチルまたは2,2,2−トリフルオロ−1,1−ジメチルエチルであるとき、式(VIII)の化合物は、スキーム2に示すとおりに調製することができる。
Ryは、メチルまたはトリフルオロメチルであり、
Xはハロゲンである。]
このステップでは、アルキルリチウムを用いる式(XII)の化合物の選択的メタレーション反応によって、式(XIII)の有機リチウム化合物を調製することができる。この反応は、有機金属試薬または金属の存在下で実施することができる。適切な有機金属試薬の例には、n−ブチルリチウム、s−ブチルリチウム、t−ブチルリチウムなどのアルキルリチウム;およびフェニルリチウム、リチウムナフタリドなどのアリールリチウムが含まれる。好ましい反応不活性溶媒には、たとえば、ヘキサンなどの炭化水素;ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジメトキシエタン(DME)、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、1,4−ジオキサンなどのエーテル;またはこれらの混合物が含まれる。反応温度は、一般に−100℃〜50℃の範囲、好ましくは−100℃〜室温の範囲である。反応時間は、一般に1分間〜1日、好ましくは1時間〜10時間である。
このステップでは、式(XIII)の化合物のケトンとの求核付加によって、式(XIV)の化合物を調製することができる。適切なケトン試薬の例には、アセトンおよび1,1,1−トリフルオロアセトンが含まれる。好ましい不活性溶媒には、たとえば、ヘキサンなどの炭化水素;ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジメトキシエタン(DME)、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、ジオキサンなどのエーテル;またはこれらの混合物が含まれる。反応温度は、一般に−100℃〜50℃の範囲、好ましくは−100℃〜室温の範囲である。反応時間は、一般に1分間〜1日、好ましくは1時間〜10時間である。
このステップでは、ハロゲン化剤を用いる式(XIV)の化合物のハロゲン化反応によって、式(XV)の化合物を調製することができる。ハロゲン化は、適切なハロゲン化剤存在下、不活性溶媒中または溶媒なしで実施することができる。好ましい不活性溶媒には、たとえば、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの炭化水素;ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素などのハロゲン化炭化水素;またはこれらの混合物が含まれる。好ましいハロゲン化剤は、その限りでないが、以下の例、すなわち、塩化チオニル、塩化オキサリル、オキシ塩化リン、塩化チタン、五塩化リンから選択され、触媒のピリジンと組み合わせてもよい。ハロゲン化剤は、塩化チオニルと触媒のピリジンの組合せであることが好ましい。反応温度は、一般に−100℃〜200℃の範囲、好ましくは−40℃〜100℃の範囲である。反応時間は、一般に1分間〜1日、好ましくは1時間〜10時間である。
このステップでは、アルキル化剤を用いる式(XV)の化合物の置換反応によって、式(XVI)の化合物を調製することができる。アルキル化は、適切なアルキル化剤存在下、不活性溶媒中で実施することができる。好ましい不活性溶媒には、たとえば、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素などのハロゲン化炭化水素;ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、DME、THF、1,4−ジオキサンなどのエーテル;n−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ベンゼン、トルエンなどの炭化水素;またはこれらの混合物が含まれる。好ましいアルキル化剤は、その限りでないが、以下の例、すなわち、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウムなどのトリアルキル金属;臭化リチウムなどの添加剤化合物の存在下での、臭化メチルマグネシウムなどのハロゲン化アルキルマグネシウム;ジメチル亜鉛と塩化チタンから調製された二塩化ジメチル亜鉛などのハロゲン化ジアルキル亜鉛から選択され、トリメチルアルミニウムが好ましい。反応温度は、一般に−100℃〜200℃の範囲、好ましくは−40℃〜100℃の範囲である。反応時間は、一般に、1分間〜1日、好ましくは1時間〜10時間である。
このステップでは、不活性溶媒中で式(XVI)の化合物を脱保護剤によって脱保護して、式(VIII)の化合物を調製することができる。適切な脱保護剤の例には、三臭化ホウ素や三塩化ホウ素などのハロゲン化ホウ素;および臭化水素などのハロゲン化水素が含まれる。好ましい不活性溶媒には、たとえば、ジクロロメタン、1,2−ジクロロエタン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素などのハロゲン化炭化水素;および酢酸が含まれる。反応温度は、一般に−100℃〜200℃の範囲、好ましくは−80℃〜80℃の範囲である。反応時間は、一般に1分間〜1日、好ましくは1時間〜10時間である。
ヒトVR1アンタゴニストアッセイ
VR1アンタゴニスト活性は、ヒトVR1を高度に発現する細胞を使用するCa2+イメージングアッセイによって測定することができる。ヒトVR1受容体を高度に発現する細胞は、いくつかの異なる従来の方法から得られる。一つの標準の方法は、雑誌論文Nature、第389巻、816〜824ページ、1997年に記載のものなどの方法に従う、ヒト後根神経節(DRG)または腎臓からのクローニングである。あるいは、VR1受容体を高度に発現するヒトケラチノサイトも知られており、雑誌論文(Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications、第291巻、124〜129ページ、2002年)に発表されている。この論文では、ヒトケラチノサイトは、カプサイシンを加えることによって、VR1が関与する細胞内Ca2+の増加を示した。さらに、通常は無変化の遺伝子であり、検出可能なレベルのVR1受容体を生成しないヒトVR1遺伝子を上方調節する方法も、適切な細胞を得るために利用できる。このような遺伝子改変方法は、Nat.Biotechnol.、第19巻、440〜445ページ、2001年に詳述されている。
蛍光イメージングシステムであるFDSS6000(浜松ホトニクス)を使用して、カプサイシンによって誘発される細胞内カルシウム濃度の変化をモニターした。クレブスリンガーHEPES(KRH)緩衝液(115mMのNaCl、5.4mMのKCl、1mMのMgSO4、1.8mMのCaCl2、11mMのd−グルコース、25mMのHEPES、0.96mMのNa2HPO4、pH7.3)中の細胞懸濁液を、様々な濃度の試験化合物またはKRH緩衝液(緩衝液対照)と共に、室温の暗所条件下で15分間プレインキュベートした。次いで、アッセイ混合物中に300nMとなるカプサイシン溶液を、FDSS6000によってアッセイプレートに自動的に加えた。
蛍光イメージングシステムであるFDSS6000(浜松ホトニクス)を使用して、酸によって誘発される細胞内カルシウム濃度の変化をモニターした。休止性緩衝液(10mMのHEPESを補充したHBSS、pH7.4)中の細胞懸濁液を、様々な濃度の試験化合物または休止性緩衝液(緩衝液対照)と共に、室温の暗所条件下で15分間プレインキュベートした。細胞に、刺激溶液(MESを補充したHBSS、最終のアッセイ緩衝液pH5.8)をFDSS6000によって自動的に加えた。酸性刺激の後に緩衝液対照サンプルによって示された増加の半分から、VR1アンタゴニストのIC50値を決定した。
蛍光シグナル(λex=340nm/380nm、λem=510〜520nm)の変化のモニタリングを、カプサイシン溶液または酸性緩衝液を加える1分前に開始し、5分間続けた。アゴニスト刺激の後に緩衝液対照サンプルによって示された増加の半分から、VR1アンタゴニストのIC50値を決定した。
雄のスプラーグドーリーラット(270〜300g;B.W.、チャールスリバー、筑波)を使用した。BennettおよびXie(Bennett,G.J.およびXie,Y.K.、Pain、第33巻:87〜107ページ、1988年)によって記載されている方法に従い、慢性絞縮傷(CCI)手術を実施した。簡潔に述べると、動物をペントバルビタールナトリウム(64.8mg/kg、腹腔内)で麻酔し、大腿二頭筋の鈍的切開によって大腿の中間のレベルで左総坐骨神経を露出させた。坐骨の三分岐の付近を付着する組織からはずし、それを結紮糸(4−0絹糸)で4回、約1mmの間隙を空けて緩く結んだ。坐骨神経の結紮を除いてはCCI手術と同じ偽手術を実施した。手術をしてから2週間後、von Frey毛(VFH)を後足の足底面に適用して、機械的異痛症を評価した。応答を誘発するのに必要なVFHの最低の力の量を足引っ込め動作閾値(PWT)として記録した。VFH試験は、投薬してから0.5、1、および2時間後に実施した。多重比較ではクラスカルウォリス検定の後にDunnの検定、または対比較ではマンホイットニーのU検定を使用して、実験データを分析した。
Caco−2透過性は、Shiyin Yee、Pharmaceutical Research、第763巻(1997年)に記載の方法に従って測定した。
Papp(cm/秒)=(F*VD)/(SA*MD)
[式中、SAは輸送表面積(0.3cm2)であり、VDはドナー体積(0.3ml)であり、MDは、t=0でのドナー側の薬物総量である。]すべてのデータは、2挿入物の平均値を表す。単層の完全性は、ルシファーイエローの輸送によって決定した。
HERG産物を発現するHEK−293細胞の細胞ペーストは、2MのHClを用いて25℃でpH7.5に調整し、1mMのMgCl2、10mMのKClを含む、10倍体積の50mMトリス緩衝液に懸濁させることができる。Polytronホモジナイザーを(最大出力で20秒間)使用して細胞をホモジナイズし、4℃で20分間48000gで遠心分離した。ペレットを再懸濁し、同様に再度ホモジナイズおよび遠心分離した。得られた上清を捨て、最終ペレットを再懸濁し(10倍体積の50mMトリス緩衝液)、最大出力で20秒間ホモジナイズした。膜ホモジネートを等分し、使用するまで−80℃で保存した。一分割量を、Protein Assay Rapid KitおよびARVO SXプレートリーダー(Wallac)を使用するタンパク質濃度測定に使用した。すべての操作、保存液、および機器は、常に氷上で続け、保った。飽和アッセイでは、実験は、200μlの総体積で行った。飽和度は、20μlの[3H]−ドフェチリドおよび160μlの膜ホモジネート(ウェルあたり20〜30μgのタンパク質)を、全結合または非特異的結合についてそれぞれ最終濃度で10μMのドフェチリド(20μl)の不在下または存在下、室温で60分間インキュベートして測定した。すべてのインキュベートは、Skatron細胞ハーベスターを使用する、ポリエーテルイミド(PEI)に浸したグラスファイバー濾紙での急速減圧濾過の後、50mMのトリス緩衝液(25℃でpH7.5)で2回洗浄して終了した。受容体に結合した放射能を、Packard LS計数器を使用する液体シンチレーション計数によって定量した。
HERGカリウムチャネルを安定して発現するHEK293細胞を電気生理学的な研究に使用した。HEK細胞におけるこのチャネルの安定な形質移入の方法は、他で見ることができる(Z.Zhouら、1998年、Biophysical Journal、第74巻、230〜241ページ)。実験日の前に、細胞を培養フラスコから収集し、カバーガラス上の、10%のウシ胎児血清(FCS)を加えた標準の最小必須培地(MEM)中に播いた。播いた細胞を、95%O2/5%CO2の雰囲気中に保たれた37℃のインキュベーターに入れて貯蔵した。収集してから15〜28時間後に細胞を調べた。
この方法は、本質的に、生成物形成の抑制度(%)を、3μMの各化合物で蛍光プローブから測定するものである。
1.直線領域で勾配(時間対蛍光単位)を算出した
2.化合物の抑制百分率を次式によって算出した
{(vo−vi)/vo}×100=抑制%
式中、
vo=対照反応速度(抑制剤なし)
vi=化合物存在下での反応速度。
試験化合物(1μM)を、96深型ウェルプレート上で100mMのリン酸カリウム緩衝液(pH7.4)中3.3mMのMgCl2および0.78mg/mLのHLM(HL101)と共に37℃でインキュベートした。反応混合物を非P450群およびP450群の2群に分割した。NADPHをP450群の反応混合物のみに加えた。0、10、30、および60分の時点で一定分量のP450群のサンプルを収集したが、ここで、0分の時点は、P450群の反応混合物にNADPHを加えた時間を示すものとした。一定分量の非P450群のサンプルは、−10分および65分の時点で収集した。収集した一定分量を、内標準を含むアセトニトリル溶液で抽出した。沈殿したタンパク質を遠心機で遠沈させた(2000rpm、15分)。上清中の化合物濃度をLC/MS/MS系によって測定した。
半減期=ln2/k
雄の6週齢のSprague−Dawley系(SD、日本エスエルシーまたは日本チャールスリバー)ラットをペントバルビタールで麻酔した。MIAの注射部位(膝)を剪毛し、70%エタノールで清掃した。25μlのMIA溶液または生理食塩水を、29G針を使用して右膝関節に注射した。関節損傷が右(ダメージを受けた)および左(未処理の)膝全体の重量分布に及ぼす影響を、インキャパシタンステスター(Linton Instrumentation、英ノーフォーク)を使用して評価した。それぞれの後肢によってかけられる力をグラムで測定した。重量負荷(WB)の不足を各足にかかった体重の差異によって決定した。ラットを訓練して、MIA注射後20日まで週1回WBを測定した。MIA注射後21日目に化合物の鎮痛効果を測定した。化合物投与の前に、WB不足の「pre値」を測定した。化合物を投与した後、WB不足の漸減を鎮痛効果として測定した。
熱痛覚過敏
雄の6週齢SDラットを使用した。完全フロイントアジュバント(CFA、100μLの流動パラフィン中の300μgの結核菌H37RA(Difco、MI)(和光純薬、大阪府))を、ラット後足の足底面に注射した。CFAを注射してから2日後、足底試験装置(Ugo−Basil、イタリア、ヴァレーゼ)を使用して、以前から記載されている方法(Hargreavesら、1988年)によって熱痛覚過敏を測定した。いかなる刺激を与える前でも少なくとも15分間かけてラットを試験環境に適応させた。放射熱を後足の足底面に適用し、足引っ込め動作待ち時間(PWL、秒)を測定した。放射熱の強度を、10〜15秒の安定なPWLを与えるように調整した。試験化合物を体重100gあたりの0.5mLの体積で投与した。薬物を投与してから1、3、または5時間後にPWLを測定した。
雄の4週齢SDラットを使用した。CFA(100μLの流動パラフィン中の300μgの結核菌H37RA(Difco、MI)(和光純薬、大阪府))を、ラット後足の足底面に注射した。CFAを注射してから2日後、圧力に対する足引っ込め動作閾値(PWT、グラム)を、analgesy−Meter(Ugo−Basil、イタリア、ヴァレーゼ)を使用して測定することによって、機械的な痛覚過敏を試験した。動物を穏やかに拘束し、絶え間なく増大する圧力をプラスチック先端部によって後足の背側面に適用した。足引っ込め動作を誘発するのに必要な圧力を決定した。試験化合物を体重100gあたり0.5mLの体積で投与した。薬物を投与してから1、3、または5時間後にPWTを測定した。
(i)式(I)の化合物がカルボン酸官能基(−COOH)を含む場合、そのエステル、たとえば、その水素の(C1〜C8)アルキルによる置換、
(ii)式(I)の化合物がアルコール官能基(−OH)を含む場合、そのエーテル、たとえば、その水素の(C1〜C6)アルカノイルオキシメチルによる置換、および
(iii)式(I)の化合物が第一級または第二級アミノ官能基(−NH2または−NHR(R≠Hである))を含む場合、そのアミド、たとえば、その一方または両方の水素の(C1〜C10)アルカノイルによる置換。
本発明の化合物は、経口投与することができる。経口投与は、化合物が消化管に入るように飲み込むものでもよいし、または化合物が口から直接血流に入る頬側もしくは舌下投与を使用してもよい。
本発明の化合物は、血流、筋肉、または内臓に直接に投与してもよい。非経口投与に適する手段には、静脈内、動脈内、腹腔内、くも膜下腔内、側脳室内、尿道内、胸骨内、脳内、筋肉内、皮下が含まれる。非経口投与に適する装置には、(微細針を含む)針注射器、無針注射器、および注入技術が含まれる。
本発明の化合物は、皮膚または粘膜に局所的に、すなわち皮膚上に、または経皮的に投与することもできる。この目的のための典型的な製剤には、ゲル、ヒドロゲル、ローション、溶液、クリーム、軟膏、散粉剤、包帯剤、フォーム、フィルム、皮膚パッチ、ウェーハ、植込錠、スポンジ、繊維質、絆創膏、およびマイクロエマルジョンが含まれる。リポソームを使用してもよい。典型的な担体には、アルコール、水、鉱油、流動パラフィン、白色ワセリン、グリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール、およびプロピレングリコールが含まれる。浸透性改善剤を混ぜてもよい。たとえば、FinninおよびMorganのJ Pharm Sci、第88巻(10)、955〜958ページ(1999年10月)を参照されたい。
本発明の化合物は、通常は(単独、たとえばラクトースとの乾燥ブレンドにした混合物として、またはたとえばホスファチジルコリンなどのリン脂質と混合した混合型成分粒子としての)乾燥粉末の形で乾燥粉末吸入器から、あるいは1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタンや1,1,1,2,3,3,3−ヘプタフルオロプロパンなどの適切な噴射剤を使用しまたは使用せずに、エアロゾルスプレーとして、加圧容器、ポンプ、スプレー、アトマイザー(好ましくは電気水力学を使用して微細な霧を生成するアトマイザー)、またはネブライザーから、鼻腔内にまたは吸入によって投与することもできる。鼻腔内の使用では、粉末は、生体接着剤、たとえばキトサンまたはシクロデキストリンを含んでよい。
本発明の化合物は、たとえば、坐剤、膣坐剤、または浣腸の形で直腸にまたは経膣的に投与することができる。カカオ脂が伝統的な坐剤基剤であるが、種々の代替品を適宜使用してもよい。
本発明の化合物は、上述の投与方式のいずれかでの使用に向けてその溶解性、溶解速度、矯味、生体利用度、および/または安定性を向上させるために、シクロデキストリンおよびその適切な誘導体やポリエチレングリコール含有ポリマーなどの可溶性の高分子実在物と組み合わせることができる。
ヒト患者への投与については、本発明の化合物の合計一日量は、当然のことながら投与方式に応じて、通常は0.1mg〜3000mg、好ましくは1mg〜500mgの範囲にある。たとえば、経口投与では、0.1mg〜3000mg、好ましくは1mg〜500mgの合計一日量が必要であるといえ、静脈内の用量では、わずか0.1mg〜1000mg、好ましくは0.1mg〜300mgが必要であるといえる。合計一日量は、1回で、または数回に分けて投与することができる。
・オピオイド鎮痛薬、たとえば、モルヒネ、ヘロイン、ヒドロモルフォン、オキシモルフォン、レボルファノール、レバロルファン、メサドン、メペリジン、フェンタニル、コカイン、コデイン、ジヒドロコデイン、オキシコドン、ハイドロコドン、プロポキシフェン、ナルメフェン、ナロルフィン、ナロキソン、ナルトレキソン、ブプレノルフィン、ブトルファノール、ナルブフィン、またはペンタゾシン、
・非ステロイド性抗炎症薬(NSAID)、たとえば、アスピリン、ジクロフェナク、ジフルシナル(diflusinal)、エトドラク、フェンブフェン、フェノプロフェン、フルフェニサル(flufenisal)、フルルビプロフェン、イブプロフェン、インドメタシン、ケトプロフェン、ケトロラック、メクロフェナム酸、メフェナム酸、メロキシカム、ナブメトン、ナプロキセン、ニメスリド、ニトロフルルビプロフェン、オルサラジン、オキサプロジン、フェニルブタゾン、ピロキシカム、スルファサラジン、スリンダク、トルメチン、またはゾメピラク、
・バルビツール酸系鎮静薬、たとえば、アモバルビタール、アプロバルビタール、ブタバルビタール、ブタビタール(butabital)、メフォバルビタール、メタルビタール、メトヘキシタール、ペントバルビタール、フェノバルチタール(phenobartital)、セコバルビタール、タルブタール、テアミラール(theamylal)、またはチオペンタール、
・鎮静作用を有するベンゾジアゼピン、たとえば、クロルジアゼポキシド、クロラゼプ酸、ジアゼパム、フルラゼパム、ロラゼパム、オキサゼパム、テマゼパム、またはトリアゾラム、
・鎮静作用を有するH1拮抗薬、たとえば、ジフェンヒドラミン、ピリラミン、プロメタジン、クロルフェニラミン、またはクロルシクリジン、
・グルテチミド、メプロバメート、メタカロン、またはジクロラールフェナゾンなどの鎮静薬、
・骨格筋弛緩薬、たとえば、バクロフェン、カリソプロドール、クロルゾキサゾン、シクロベンザプリン、メトカルバモール、またはオルフレナジン(orphrenadine)、
・NR2B拮抗薬、たとえば、イフェンプロジル、トラキソプロジル(traxoprodil)、または(−)−(R)−6−{2−[4−(3−フルオロフェニル)−4−ヒドロキシ−1−ピペリジニル]−1−ヒドロキシエチル−3,4−ジヒドロ−2(1H)−キノリノンを含む、NMDA受容体拮抗薬、たとえば、デキストロメトルファン((+)−3−ヒドロキシ−N−メチルモルヒナン)またはその代謝産物デキストロルファン((+)−3−ヒドロキシ−N−メチルモルヒナン)、ケタミン、メマンチン、ピロロキノリンキニン、シス−4−(ホスホノメチル)−2−ピペリジンカルボン酸、ブジピン(budipine)、EN−3231(MorphiDex(登録商標)、モルヒネとデキストロメトルファンの合剤)、トピラメート、ネラメキサン(neramexane)、またはペルジンフォテル(perzinfotel)、
・α−アドレナリン作動薬、たとえば、ドキサゾシン、タムスロシン、クロニジン、グァンファシン、デキスメタトミジン(dexmetatomidine)、モダフィニル、または4−アミノ−6,7−ジメトキシ−2−(5−メタン−スルホンアミド−1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノール−2−イル)−5−(2−ピリジル)キナゾリン、
・三環系抗うつ薬、たとえば、デシプラミン、イミプラミン、アミトリプチリン、またはノルトリプチリン、
・抗痙攣薬、たとえば、カルバマゼピン、ラモトリジン、トピラトメート(topiratmate)、またはバルプロエート、
・タキキニン(NK)拮抗薬、特にNK−3、NK−2、またはNK−1拮抗薬、たとえば、(αR,9R)−7−[3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジル]−8,9,10,11−テトラヒドロ−9−メチル−5−(4−メチルフェニル)−7H−[1,4]ジアゾシノ[2,1−g][1,7]−ナフチリジン−6,13−ジオン(TAK−637)、5−[[(2R,3S)−2−[(1R)−1−[3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]エトキシ−3−(4−フルオロフェニル)−4−モルホリニル]−メチル]−1,2−ジヒドロ−3H−1,2,4−トリアゾール−3−オン(MK−869)、アプレピタント、ラネピタント(lanepitant)、ダピタント、または3−[[2−メトキシ−5−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル]−メチルアミノ]−2−フェニルピペリジン(2S,3S)、
・ムスカリン受容体拮抗薬、たとえば、オキシブチニン、トルテロジン、プロピベリン、塩化トロプシウム(tropsium chloride)、ダリフェナシン、ソリフェナシン、テミベリン、およびイプラトロピウム、
・COX−2選択的阻害剤、たとえば、セレコキシブ、ロフェコキシブ、パレコキシブ、バルデコキシブ、デラコキシブ(deracoxib)、エトリコキシブ、またはルミラコキシブ、
・コールタール鎮痛薬、特にアセトアミノフェン、
・ドロペリドール、クロルプロマジン、ハロペリドール、ペルフェナジン、チオリダジン、メソリダジン、トリフルオペラジン、フルフェナジン、クロザピン、オランザピン、リスペリドン、ジプラシドン、クエチアピン、セルチンドール、アリピプラゾール、ソネピプラゾール(sonepiprazole)、ブロナンセリン、イロペリドン、ペロスピロン、ラクロプライド、ゾテピン、ビフェプルノックス、アセナピン、ルラシドン、アミスルプリド、バラペリドン(balaperidone)、パリンドーレ(palindore)、エプリバンセリン(eplivanserin)、オサネタント、リモナバント、メクリネルタント(meclinertant)、Miraxion(登録商標)、サリゾタン(sarizotan)などの神経弛緩薬、
・バニロイド受容体の作動薬(たとえばレシンフェラトキシン(reshinferatoxin))または拮抗薬(たとえばカプサゼピン)、
・プロプラノロールなどのβ−アドレナリン作動薬、
・メキシレチンなどの局所麻酔薬、
・デキサメタゾンなどの副腎皮質ステロイド、
・5−HT受容体作動薬または拮抗薬、特に、エレトリプタン、スマトリプタン、ナラトリプタン、ゾルミトリプタン、リザトリプタンなどの5−HT1B/1D作動薬、
・R(+)−α−(2,3−ジメトキシ−フェニル)−1−[2−(4−フルオロフェニルエチル)]−4−ピペリジンメタノール(MDL−100907)などの5−HT2A受容体拮抗薬、
・イスプロニクリン(TC−1734)、(E)−N−メチル−4−(3−ピリジニル)−3−ブテン−1−アミン(RJR−2403)、(R)−5−(2−アゼチジニルメトキシ)−2−クロロピリジン(ABT−594)、ニコチンなどのコリン作用性(ニコチン性)鎮痛薬、
・Tramadol(登録商標)、
・5−[2−エトキシ−5−(4−メチル−1−ピペラジニル−スルホニル)フェニル]−1−メチル−3−n−プロピル−1,6−ジヒドロ−7H−ピラゾロ[4,3−d]ピリミジン−7−オン(シルデナフィル)、(6R,12aR)−2,3,6,7,12,12a−ヘキサヒドロ−2−メチル−6−(3,4−メチレンジオキシフェニル)−ピラジノ[2’,1’:6,1]−ピリド[3,4−b]インドール−1,4−ジオン(IC−351またはタダラフィル)、2−[2−エトキシ−5−(4−エチル−ピペラジン−1−イル−1−スルホニル)−フェニル]−5−メチル−7−プロピル−3H−イミダゾ[5,1−f][1,2,4]トリアジン−4−オン(バルデナフィル)、5−(5−アセチル−2−ブトキシ−3−ピリジニル)−3−エチル−2−(1−エチル−3−アゼチジニル)−2,6−ジヒドロ−7H−ピラゾロ[4,3−d]ピリミジン−7−オン、5−(5−アセチル−2−プロポキシ−3−ピリジニル)−3−エチル−2−(1−イソプロピル−3−アゼチジニル)−2,6−ジヒドロ−7H−ピラゾロ[4,3−d]ピリミジン−7−オン、5−[2−エトキシ−5−(4−エチルピペラジン−1−イルスルホニル)ピリジン−3−イル]−3−エチル−2−[2−メトキシエチル]−2,6−ジヒドロ−7H−ピラゾロ[4,3−d]ピリミジン−7−オン、4−[(3−クロロ−4−メトキシベンジル)アミノ]−2−[(2S)−2−(ヒドロキシメチル)ピロリジン−1−イル]−N−(ピリミジン−2−イルメチル)ピリミジン−5−カルボキサミド、3−(1−メチル−7−オキソ−3−プロピル−6,7−ジヒドロ−1H−ピラゾロ[4,3−d]ピリミジン−5−イル)−N−[2−(1−メチルピロリジン−2−イル)エチル]−4−プロポキシベンゼンスルホンアミドなどのPDEV抑制剤、
・ギャバペンチン、プレガバリン、3−メチルギャバペンチン、(1α,3α,5α)(3−アミノ−メチル−ビシクロ[3.2.0]ヘプタ−3−イル)−酢酸、(3S,5R)−3−アミノメチル−5−メチル−ヘプタン酸、(3S,5R)−3−アミノ−5−メチル−ヘプタン酸、(3S,5R)−3−アミノ−5−メチル−オクタン酸、(2S,4S)−4−(3−クロロフェノキシ)プロリン、(2S,4S)−4−(3−フルオロベンジル)−プロリン、[(1R,5R,6S)−6−(アミノメチル)ビシクロ[3.2.0]ヘプタ−6−イル]酢酸、3−(1−アミノメチル−シクロヘキシルメチル)−4H−[1,2,4]オキサジアゾール−5−オン、C−[1−(1H−テトラゾール−5−イルメチル)−シクロヘプチル]−メチルアミン、(3S,4S)−(1−アミノメチル−3,4−ジメチル−シクロペンチル)−酢酸、(3S,5R)−3−アミノメチル−5−メチル−オクタン酸、(3S,5R)−3−アミノ−5−メチル−ノナン酸、(3S,5R)−3−アミノ−5−メチル−オクタン酸、(3R,4R,5R)−3−アミノ−4,5−ジメチル−ヘプタン酸、(3R,4R,5R)−3−アミノ−4,5−ジメチル−オクタン酸などのα−2−δリガンド、
・カンナビノイド、
・代謝調節型グルタミン酸サブタイプ1受容体(mGluR1)拮抗薬、
・セルトラリン、セルトラリン代謝産物の脱メチルセルトラリン、フルオキセチン、ノルフルオキセチン(フルオキセチンの脱メチル化代謝産物)、フルボキサミン、パロキセチン、シタロプラム、シタロプラム代謝産物の脱メチル化シタロプラム、エスシタロプラム、d,l−フェンフルラミン、フェモキセチン(femoxetine)、イホキセチン(ifoxetine)、シアノドチエピン(cyanodothiepin)、リトキセチン(litoxetine)、ダポキセチン、ネファゾドン、セリクラミン(cericlamine)、トラゾドンなどのセロトニン再取込み阻害剤、
・マプロチリン、ロフェプラミン、ミルタゼピン(mirtazepine)、オキサプロチリン(oxaprotiline)、フェゾラミン(fezolamine)、トモキセチン、ミアンセリン、ブプロピリオン(buproprion)、ブプロプリオン代謝産物のヒドロキシブプロピオン、ノミフェンシン、およびビロキサジン(Vivalan(登録商標))などのノルアドレナリン(ノルエピネフリン)再取込み阻害剤、特に、レボキセチン、特に(S,S)−レボキセチンなどの選択的なノルアドレナリン再取込み阻害剤、
・ベンラファキシン、ベンラファキシン代謝産物のO−脱メチル化ベンラファキシン、クロミプラミン、クロミプラミン代謝産物の脱メチル化クロミプラミン、デュロキセチン、ミルナシプラン、イミプラミンなどのセロトニン−ノルアドレナリン二重再取込み阻害剤、
・S−[2−[(1−イミノエチル)アミノ]エチル]−L−ホモシステイン、S−[2−[(1−イミノエチル)−アミノ]エチル]−4,4−ジオキソ−L−システイン、S−[2−[(1−イミノエチル)アミノ]エチル]−2−メチル−L−システイン、(2S,5Z)−2−アミノ−2−メチル−7−[(1−イミノエチル)アミノ]−5−ヘプテン酸、2−[[(1R,3S)−3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシ−1−(5−チアゾリル)−ブチル]チオ]−5−クロロ−3−ピリジンカルボニトリル、2−[[(1R,3S)−3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシ−1−(5−チアゾリル)ブチル]チオ]−4−クロロベンゾニトリル、(2S,4R)−2−アミノ−4−[[2−クロロ−5−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]チオ]−5−チアゾールブタノール、2−[[(1R,3S)−3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシ−1−(5−チアゾリル)ブチル]チオ]−6−(トリフルオロメチル)−3ピリジンカルボニトリル、2−[[(1R,3S)−3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシ−1−(5−チアゾリル)ブチル]チオ]−5−クロロベンゾニトリル、N−[4−[2−(3−クロロベンジルアミノ)エチル]フェニル]チオフェン−2−カルボキサミジン、グアニジノエチルジスルフィドなどの誘導型一酸化窒素合成酵素(iNOS)阻害剤、
・ドネペジルなどのアセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害剤、
・N−[({2−[4−(2−エチル−4,6−ジメチル−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−c]ピリジン−1−イル)フェニル]エチル}アミノ)−カルボニル]−4−メチルベンゼンスルホンアミドや4−[(1S)−1−({[5−クロロ−2−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)ピリジン−3−イル]カルボニル}アミノ)エチル]安息香酸などのプロスタグランジンE2サブタイプ4(EP4)拮抗薬、
・1−(3−ビフェニル−4−イルメチル−4−ヒドロキシ−クロマン−7−イル)−シクロペンタンカルボン酸(CP−105696)、5−[2−(2−カルボキシエチル)−3−[6−(4−メトキシフェニル)−5E−ヘキセニル]オキシフェノキシ]−吉草酸(ONO−4057)やDPC−11870などのロイコトリエンB4拮抗薬、
・ジロートン、6−[(3−フルオロ−5−[4−メトキシ−3,4,5,6−テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−4−イル])フェノキシ−メチル]−1−メチル−2−キノロン(ZD−2138)、または2,3,5−トリメチル−6−(3−ピリジルメチル),1,4−ベンゾキノン(CV−6504)などの5−リポキシゲナーゼ阻害剤、
・リドカインなどのナトリウムチャネル遮断薬、
・オンダンセトロンなどの5−HT3拮抗薬、
ならびにその薬学的に許容できる塩および溶媒和物。
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−((1R)−1−{3−メチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド
1HNMR(270MHz、CDCl3)δ2.45(3H,s)、2.62(3H,s)、7.35(1H,d,J=8.6Hz)、7.86(1H,dd,J=8.6,2.5Hz)、7.92(1H,s)。
1HNMR(270MHz、CDCl3)δ2.34(3H,s)、2.59(3H,s)、3.11(3H,s)、6.47(1H,br.s)、7.58(1H,d,J=8.1Hz)、7.84(2H,m)。
MS(ESI)m/z228(M+H)+、226(M−H)−。
MS(ESI)m/z333(M+H)+、331(M−H)−。
1HNMR(270MHz、DMSO−d6)δ1.45(3H,m)、2.31(3H,s)、2.98(3H,s)、4.27(1H,m)、7.31〜7.38(3H,m)。
MS(ESI)m/z227(M−H)−。
1H−NMR(270MHz、CDCl3)δ1.43(9H,s)、1.53(3H,d,J=6.6Hz)、2.31(3H,s)、3.02(3H,s)、4.44(2H,d,J=3.3Hz)、5.16(1H,m)、6.25(1H,br.s)、6.41(2H,d,J=12Hz)、6.64(1H,d,J=7.9Hz)、7.16(2H,m)、7.42(1H,d,J=8.6Hz)。
MS(ESI)m/z445(M+H)+、443(M−H)−
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−((1R)−1−{3−フルオロ−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド
1H−NMR(270MHz、CDCl3)δ1.43(9H,s)、1.53(3H,d,J=6.6Hz)、3.02(3H,s)、4.45(2H,d,J=2.9Hz)、5.17(1H,m)、6.41(2H,d,J=12Hz)、6.68(2H,m)、7.09(2H,t,J=8.1Hz)、7.53(1H,t,J=8.1Hz)。
MS(ESI)m/z459(M+H)+、457(M−H)−
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−((1R)−1−{4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド
1H−NMR(270MHz、CDCl3)δ1.43(9H,s)、1.54(3H,d,J=7.3Hz)、3.01(3H,s)、4.44(2H,d,J=2.6Hz)、5.19(1H,m)、6.40(2H,d,J=12Hz)、6.65(1H,m)、7.19(2H,J=8.6Hz)、7.31(2H,d,J=8.6Hz)。
MS(ESI)m/z441(M+H)+、439(M−H)−
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−((1R)−1−{3−(ヒドロキシメチル)−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド
1H−NMR(270MHz、CDCl3)δppm1.24(9H,s)、1.43(3H,t,J=6.8Hz)、1.53(3H,d,J=6.6Hz)、3.07(3H,s)、3.39(1H,br.s)、4.41(2H,q,J=6.8Hz)、4.55(1H,m)、7.56(1H,dd,J=8.6、2.0Hz)、7.74(1H,d,J=9.2Hz)、8.06(1H,d,J=2.0Hz)、10.49(1H,br.s)。
MS(ESI)m/z391[M+H]+、389[M−H]−。
1HNMR(270MHz、DMSO−d6)δppm1.34(3H,t,J=7.3Hz)、1.49(3H,d,J=7.3Hz)、3.19(3H,s)、4.36(2H,q,J=7.3Hz)、4.45(1H,m)、7.61(1H,d,J=8.6Hz)、7.75(1H,dd,J=8.6,2.0Hz)、8.09(1H,d,J=2.0Hz)、8.35(2H,br.s)、10.14(1H,br.s)。
MS(ESI)m/z391[M+H]+、389[M−H]−。
1HNMR(270MHz、DMSO−d6)δppm1.51(3H,t,J=6.6Hz)、3.01(3H,s)、4.36(1H,m)、4.63(2H,s)、7.34(1H,d,J=7.9Hz)、7.45(1H,dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz)、7.58(1H,d,J=2.0Hz)、8.56(2H,br.s)、9.13(1H,br.s)。
MS(ESI)m/z243[M−H]−。
1HNMR(270MHz、DMSO−d6)δppm1.43(9H,s)、1.52(3H,d,J=7.3Hz)、2.75(1H,br.s)、3.03(3H,s)、4.40(2H,d,J=4.0Hz)、4.71(2H,br.s)、5.14(1H,m)、6.40(2H,d,J=12Hz)、6.68(1H,d,J=7.9Hz)、7.17(1H,d,J=2.6Hz)、7.24(1H,d,J=2.6Hz)、7.50(1H,d,J=8.6Hz)、7.84(1H,br.s)。
MS(ESI)m/z469[M−H]−。
2−[3,5−ジフルオロ−4−(2,2,2−トリフルオロ−1,1−ジメチルエチル)フェノキシ]−N−((1R)−1−{3−メチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド
1HNMR(CDCl3、270MHz)δppm1.83〜1.85(3H,m)、3.94(3H,s)、6.17(1H,s)、6.49〜6.60(2H,m)。
1HNMR(CDCl3、270MHz)δppm2.24〜2.29(3H,m)、3.81(3H,s)、6.44〜6.54(2H,m)
1HNMR(CDCl3、300MHz)δppm1.71(6H,s)、3.78(3H,s)、6.39〜6.49(2H,m)
1HNMR(CDCl3、270MHz)δppm1.71(6H,s)、5.27(1H,brs)、6.36〜6.50(2H,m)
1HNMR(CDCl3、270MHz)δppm1.31(3H,t,J=6.9Hz)、1.70〜1.73(6H,m)、4.29(2H,q,J=6.9Hz)、4.58(2H,s)、6.39〜6.49(2H,m)
1HNMR(CDCl3、270MHz)δppm1.69〜1.72(6H,m)、4.66(2H,s)、6.42〜6.50(2H,m)
MS(ESI)m/z297(M−H)−。
1HNMR(CDCl3、300MHz)δppm1.52(3H,d,J=7.3Hz)、1.70〜1.74(6H,m)、2.31(3H,s)、3.03(3H,s)、4.40〜4.52(2H,m)、5.14〜5.22(1H,m)、6.16(1H,brs)、6.42〜6.53(2H,m)、6.58〜6.60(1H,m)、7.15〜7.25(2H,m)、7.42(1H,d,J=8.8Hz)
MS(ESI):m/z509(M+H)+、507(M−H)−。
Claims (7)
- R2が、フェニル基の3位で結合する、水素、または、ヒドロキシメチルを表す、請求項1に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容できるその塩または溶媒和物。
- R4が、t−ブチルまたは2,2,2−トリフルオロ−1,1−ジメチルエチルを表す、請求項1または2に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容できるその塩または溶媒和物。
- 請求項1の式(I)の化合物が
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−メチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−フルオロ−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
2−(4−t−ブチル−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−ヒドロキシメチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、および
2−(4−(2,2,2−トリフルオロ−1,1−ジメチルエチル)−3,5−ジフルオロフェノキシ)−N−(1−{3−メチル−4−[(メチルスルホニル)アミノ]フェニル}エチル)アセトアミド、
から選択される化合物、または薬学的に許容できるその塩または溶媒和物。 - 式(I)の化合物が、*印の付いた位置で(R)立体化学を有する請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容できるその塩または溶媒和物。
- 請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)の化合物または薬学的に許容できるその塩または溶媒和物を、薬学的に許容できる添加剤と共に含む医薬組成物。
- 疼痛の治療のための請求項6に記載の医薬組成物。
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| PCT/IB2006/000539 WO2006095263A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2006-02-24 | Substituted n-sulfonylaminophenylethyl-2-phenoxy acetamide compounds |
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| EP1861357B1 (en) * | 2005-03-19 | 2013-04-24 | Amorepacific Corporation | Novel compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as vanilloid receptor antagonist; and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
| WO2007120012A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-25 | Amorepacific Corporation | Novel compounds, isomer thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as vanilloid receptor antagonist; and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
| CA2658925C (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2015-07-14 | Amorepacific Corporation | Novel sulfonylamino acrylamide derivatives, isomer thereof,or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof as vanilloid receptor antagonist; and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
| JP5643112B2 (ja) | 2008-01-28 | 2014-12-17 | アモーレパシフィック コーポレイションAmorepacific Corporation | バニロイド受容体としての新規化合物、その異性体または薬剤学的に許容し得る塩、及びこれを含有する医薬組成物 |
| US11969501B2 (en) | 2008-04-21 | 2024-04-30 | Dompé Farmaceutici S.P.A. | Auris formulations for treating otic diseases and conditions |
| KR101449785B1 (ko) | 2008-04-21 | 2014-10-14 | 오토노미, 인코포레이티드 | 귀 질환 및 병태를 치료하기 위한 귀 조제물 |
| JP5438103B2 (ja) | 2008-07-02 | 2014-03-12 | アモーレパシフィック コーポレイション | バニロイド受容体アンタゴニストとしての新規化合物、その異性体またはその薬学的に許容される塩、並びにそれを含む医薬組成物 |
| EP2306975A4 (en) | 2008-07-21 | 2012-10-31 | Otonomy Inc | COMPOSITIONS WITH A TAXED RELEASE FOR MODULATING THE EARM STRUCTURE AND THE BORN IMMUNE SYSTEM, AND METHODS OF TREATING EAR OR DISEASE |
| US8349852B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2013-01-08 | Novartis Ag | Quinazolinone derivatives useful as vanilloid antagonists |
| CN102762572A (zh) | 2010-02-01 | 2012-10-31 | 诺瓦提斯公司 | 作为CRF-1受体拮抗剂的吡唑并[5,1b]*唑衍生物 |
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| JP5748777B2 (ja) | 2010-02-02 | 2015-07-15 | ノバルティス アーゲー | Crf受容体アンタゴニストとしてのシクロヘキシルアミド誘導体 |
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| EP3056486B1 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2018-07-11 | AbbVie Ireland Unlimited Company | Process for preparing intermediates for antiviral compounds |
| JP7033789B2 (ja) | 2016-06-29 | 2022-03-11 | オトノミー,インク. | トリグリセリド耳用製剤とその使用 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| ATE443056T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
| WO2006095263A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| UY29412A1 (es) | 2006-10-31 |
| GT200600107A (es) | 2006-12-26 |
| ES2331153T3 (es) | 2009-12-22 |
| WO2006095263A8 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
| US7566739B2 (en) | 2009-07-28 |
| DOP2006000060A (es) | 2006-09-30 |
| PE20061163A1 (es) | 2006-10-27 |
| EP1858865B1 (en) | 2009-09-16 |
| NL1031335C2 (nl) | 2007-01-23 |
| MX2007011105A (es) | 2007-10-08 |
| TW200700398A (en) | 2007-01-01 |
| AR052938A1 (es) | 2007-04-11 |
| US20060205980A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| CA2600409C (en) | 2011-07-05 |
| NL1031335A1 (nl) | 2006-09-12 |
| EP1858865A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
| JP2008532994A (ja) | 2008-08-21 |
| CA2600409A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
| DE602006009231D1 (de) | 2009-10-29 |
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