JP4898448B2 - サッカリドベースエマルジョン安定剤含有重油エマルジョン安定剤 - Google Patents
サッカリドベースエマルジョン安定剤含有重油エマルジョン安定剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4898448B2 JP4898448B2 JP2006538276A JP2006538276A JP4898448B2 JP 4898448 B2 JP4898448 B2 JP 4898448B2 JP 2006538276 A JP2006538276 A JP 2006538276A JP 2006538276 A JP2006538276 A JP 2006538276A JP 4898448 B2 JP4898448 B2 JP 4898448B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- oil
- emulsion
- heavy oil
- emulsion stabilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Chinese gallotannin Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001480079 Corymbia calophylla Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000006552 Liquidambar styraciflua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002824 gallotannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 saccharide esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- COVFEVWNJUOYRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)=C1 COVFEVWNJUOYRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- BRRSNXCXLSVPFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1O BRRSNXCXLSVPFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002707 Digallic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000758791 Juglandaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002044 Rhizophora apiculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003152 Rhus chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014220 Rhus chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000032 aromatic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/1802—Organic compounds containing oxygen natural products, e.g. waxes, extracts, fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
- C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1983—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Description
この出願は、2003年10月28日に出願された同時係属中の暫定米国特許出願第60/514,885号を基礎としており、優先権を主張する。
本発明は、重質燃料油、特に環境的に優しい組成物、及びこの燃料油をエマルジョンの形態でクリーンに燃焼させ、前記エマルジョンに長期安定性を与えるための方法に関する。
本発明の目的は、HLBかつ広く変動する重油を乳化することが出来るようにする乳化組成物及びシステムを提供することである。
本発明は、重質燃料油、特に環境に優しい組成物、及びエマルジョンの形態でそれらをクリーンに燃焼し、エマルジョンに長期安定性を与える方法に適用することが出来る。本発明のためにより効果的に用いられることが出来る重油には、クリーンに燃焼することが困難である重質燃料油(No.4、5及び6)、デカント油及びこれらの混合物がある。No.6油は主として脂肪族であり、通常1.0以下の密度を有し、非常に粘性がある。デカント油は、高い芳香含有量を有し、1.0以上の密度を有し、より低目ではあるが、依然として高い粘度を有する。それらは、乳化の間に様々な挙動を示し、様々な安定化要件を有する。時々、2タイプの油のブレンドは、工業的に混合され、及び/又はNo.5並びにNo.4油が含まれる実質的により低い粘度を有する留出油で希釈される。本発明の好ましい組成物では、本明細書で規定されるような安定剤が使用されるが、組成物の最大限の適用性を享受するためには、界面活性剤を含有する必要はない。
・燃焼の改善
・放出物及びすす吹き出しを低減する
・長期のエマルジョン安定性を提供する
・燃料に完全に混和する
・霧状スチームの低減
・コールドエンドデポジット及び腐食を低減する
この例は、水が重油貯蔵タンクに浸入する水を有する燃料ディストリビュータ又はその類似物の実際の問題、及びタンク底部の水を使用してエマルジョンを作るのに何が出来るかという問題に取り組んだものである。典型的には、販売業者は、扱いを容易にするように種々の重油貯蔵タンクで温度を維持するべく燃料を燃焼させるが、タンク内の水の存在に起因して燃料を容易に燃焼させることが出来ず、都合よくその水を処理することが出来ない。この問題を解決するためには、この水を除去し、処理することが望ましい。また、燃焼を改善して粒子物を低減することが望ましい。
1.記載された量で、添加剤組成物を溶媒(水又はブチルセロソルブ)に添加して、試験添加剤を作る。
2.試験添加剤を水に加えて、エマルジョンを形成用の添加混合物を形成する。
3.油を150°Fに予熱する。
4.水及び添加剤混合物を熱油に加えて、かき混ぜ棒を用いて手で混合する。
5.粗エマルジョンをハンドホモジナイザで均質化する。
1.調整したエマルジョンをスクリューキャップ付25×150mm(50ml)管に入れ、栓をする。
2.このチューブを85℃の炉に48時間入れる。このASTMは、85℃で48時間が通常の貯蔵条件における3ヶ月間の貯蔵にほぼ相当することを定めている。
3.合格又は不合格を決める。不合格は、管の底部若しくは側部における大きな液滴、水層又は水ポケットの形成によって示される。
この例は、デカント油を乳化する場合実際の問題に取り組んだものである。デカント(ビスブレーキングされた)No.6油の試料を得て、低粘度及び非常に高い芳香族含有量に起因して、安定したエマルジョンを形成することが非常に困難であることが実験によって示された。上記の添加剤Aを10%水中で1:1000で使用して、エマルジョンを調整した。このエマルジョンは、60℃でほぼ数時間で不合格となった。同じデカント油を添加剤2で乳化すると、そのエマルジョンは、同条件下で96時間合格した。
Claims (9)
- 重油エマルジョンの製造方法において、10よりも高いHLB値を有するガロタンニン、タンニン酸又はレッドガムを含むサッカリドベースエステルを水に加えてデカント油や重油の水滴を含むエマルジョンを安定化するステップを含むことを特徴とする製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記重油エマルジョンに含まれる油がデカント油であり、界面活性剤が添加されないことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記重油エマルジョンに含まれる油が非デカント油であり、前記エマルジョンは添加界面活性剤を含むことが出来ることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記エマルジョンが最大15重量%までの水を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記エマルジョンが5乃至10重量%の水を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記サッカリドベースエステルが組成物の重量の0.05%乃至0.5%の濃度でタンニン酸又はその誘導体を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって製造された組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、重油貯蔵タンクから水を除去し、その水を使用して前記重油及び前記サッカリドベースエステルとの乳化のために前記重油に加える更なるステップを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記水を油中に乳化するのに十分な剪断条件下で、前記水及び重油を混合する更なるステップを含むことを特徴とする方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US51488503P | 2003-10-28 | 2003-10-28 | |
US60/514,885 | 2003-10-28 | ||
PCT/US2004/035897 WO2005044958A2 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | Heavy oil emulsion stabilizers containing saccharide based emulsion stabilizer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007510046A JP2007510046A (ja) | 2007-04-19 |
JP4898448B2 true JP4898448B2 (ja) | 2012-03-14 |
Family
ID=34572786
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006538276A Expired - Fee Related JP4898448B2 (ja) | 2003-10-28 | 2004-10-28 | サッカリドベースエマルジョン安定剤含有重油エマルジョン安定剤 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20050090565A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1723217A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4898448B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1997443A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2543906A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005044958A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX2009013705A (es) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-15 | Mexicano Inst Petrol | Procedimiento de preparacion de emulsiones mejoradas de crudo pesado y extrapesado mediante biotensoactivos en agua y producto resultante. |
ES2719875T3 (es) | 2014-11-10 | 2019-07-16 | Eme Finance Ltd | Dispositivo para mezclar agua y gasoil, aparato y proceso para producir una microemulsión de agua/gasoil |
CN104946324B (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2016-08-24 | 曹一婕 | 一种提高水煤浆稳定性添加剂的合成方法 |
ITUB20152442A1 (it) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-23 | Eme International Ltd | Composizioni emulsionanti per oli combustibili pesanti e microemulsioni d’acqua ottenuti da esse |
CN106753598B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-03-29 | 深圳市南部财富投资管理有限公司 | 一种低碳环保燃料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN106753602B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏晨日环保科技有限公司 | 一种低碳清洁燃料及其制备方法 |
CN106398741B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-03-23 | 浙江中环检测科技股份有限公司 | 一种环保燃料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN106753601B (zh) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-04-19 | 张家界钲浩新能源有限责任公司 | 一种低碳高清洁燃料及其制备方法 |
IT201600132801A1 (it) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-06-30 | Eme International Ltd | Apparato e processo per produrre liquido derivante da biomassa, biocarburante e biomateriale |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2077406A (en) * | 1928-04-21 | 1937-04-20 | Gaertner Moritz | Fuel and process of making the same |
JPS5263874A (en) * | 1975-11-22 | 1977-05-26 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | Waterdrop emulsion in oil |
JPS5380406A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-07-15 | Kao Corp | Surface active agent for emulsion fuel |
JPS56112993A (en) * | 1980-02-09 | 1981-09-05 | Tsutomu Morita | Emulsifier for emulsified heavy oil |
EP0386550A1 (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-09-12 | Fuel Tech, Inc. | Composition for stabilizing a water-in-oil emulsion |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB191412325A (en) * | 1913-10-29 | 1918-04-11 | Explosions Turbine Studien Ges | Improvements in Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines. |
US1440356A (en) * | 1920-06-22 | 1922-12-26 | Jacque C Morrell | Suspension and emulsion and process of making same |
JPS58208388A (ja) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-05 | Noboru Fujimura | 助燃剤 |
JP2647831B2 (ja) * | 1986-07-09 | 1997-08-27 | 花王株式会社 | 瀝青乳剤 |
US6187063B1 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 2001-02-13 | Rudolf W. Gunnerman | Aqueous emulsion fuels from petroleum residuum-based fuel oils |
-
2004
- 2004-10-28 CA CA002543906A patent/CA2543906A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-28 US US10/975,519 patent/US20050090565A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-28 CN CNA2004800373302A patent/CN1997443A/zh active Pending
- 2004-10-28 JP JP2006538276A patent/JP4898448B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-28 EP EP04796695A patent/EP1723217A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-10-28 WO PCT/US2004/035897 patent/WO2005044958A2/en active Application Filing
-
2007
- 2007-12-24 US US11/963,952 patent/US7868048B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2077406A (en) * | 1928-04-21 | 1937-04-20 | Gaertner Moritz | Fuel and process of making the same |
JPS5263874A (en) * | 1975-11-22 | 1977-05-26 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | Waterdrop emulsion in oil |
JPS5380406A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-07-15 | Kao Corp | Surface active agent for emulsion fuel |
JPS56112993A (en) * | 1980-02-09 | 1981-09-05 | Tsutomu Morita | Emulsifier for emulsified heavy oil |
EP0386550A1 (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1990-09-12 | Fuel Tech, Inc. | Composition for stabilizing a water-in-oil emulsion |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007510046A (ja) | 2007-04-19 |
EP1723217A4 (en) | 2011-05-04 |
US20080096983A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
CN1997443A (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
CA2543906A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
US7868048B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 |
WO2005044958A2 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
EP1723217A2 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
US20050090565A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
WO2005044958A3 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7868048B2 (en) | Heavy oil emulsion stabilizers containing saccharide based emulsion stabilizer | |
DE60306250T2 (de) | Reibungsabänderungszusätze für Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen und Verfahren zu deren Verwendung | |
DE69700529T2 (de) | Emulgierter brennstoff und verfahren zur dessen herstellung | |
EP1027410B1 (en) | Polymeric fuel additive and method of making the same, and fuel containing the additive | |
DE69701575T2 (de) | Brennölzusammensetzungen | |
CA2243054C (en) | Multiple emulsion and method for preparing same | |
EP0012345A1 (de) | Kraftstoffe und ihre Verwendung | |
JPH09316468A (ja) | 界面活性剤および予備細霧化燃料 | |
US7473283B2 (en) | Fuel additive composition for stabilising blends of ethanol and a hydrocarbon | |
EP3325579B1 (en) | Emulsifying compositions for heavy fuel oils and water microemulsions obtained therefrom. | |
US4661120A (en) | Diesel fuel additive | |
JP2005504875A (ja) | ディーゼル燃料エマルジョン | |
EP1051462B1 (de) | Feste kraftstoffadditive | |
CN1221643C (zh) | 为船舶加燃料的方法和设备 | |
US7491247B1 (en) | Fuel emulsion compositions having reduced NOx emissions | |
Ifejika et al. | Formulation and evaluation of antifoams from palm kernel and coconut oils | |
EP1095121A1 (en) | Solubilising compositon | |
DD284042A5 (de) | Additivkonzentrat | |
DE69101603T2 (de) | Treibstoffadditivzusammensetzung. | |
MXPA06004801A (es) | Estabilizadores de emulsion de aceite pesado que contienen un estabilizador de emulsion a base de sacaridos | |
EP1675932B1 (de) | Zusammensetzungen aus Mineralöl und einer Additivmischung | |
US20040255509A1 (en) | Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making | |
WO2004090080A1 (en) | Fuel emulsion compositions | |
GB2387175A (en) | Oxidised fuel formulations | |
JPS5943093A (ja) | 高濃度石炭−水スラリ−用減粘剤 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20071029 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110125 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110422 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20110502 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110511 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110802 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111101 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20111129 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20111226 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150106 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |