JP4896543B2 - Artificial ground for rooftop greening to create a waterfront environment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an artificial ground for rooftop greening for creating a waterside environment in which plants, fish shellfish, insects and the like coexist.

In recent years, rooftop greening has been carried out for the purpose of suppressing the heat island phenomenon and improving the cityscape. In particular, the demand for rooftop greening has become even higher due to the Tokyo Metropolitan Government requiring rooftop greening for new buildings that have site areas exceeding a certain standard. Some rooftop greening creates a waterfront environment by providing at least one of waterways and ponds (hereinafter referred to as “waterways”) in order to create a space where plants, fish shellfish, insects, etc. coexist. A space where organisms such as plants, fish shells, and insects coexist is called a biotope, and provides a place of peace or contact with people.

Conventionally, some artificial grounds for rooftop greening include a water reservoir disposed on the rooftop, a water permeable layer disposed in the water reservoir, and a vegetation layer on the water permeable layer (Patent Document 1). 2). In the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, the artificial ground 100 for rooftop greening includes a water reservoir 104 disposed on the roof 102, a water permeable layer 106 that fills the water reservoir, and a vegetation layer 108 on the water permeable layer. A water channel 110 and a pond 112 formed in a downstream portion of the water channel are provided on the upper surface of the vegetation layer.
JP 2004-121178 A JP 2003-102265 A

  In order to create a waterfront environment suitable for the coexistence of plants, fish shellfish, insects, etc., it is necessary to supply clean water to the water channel 110 and the pond 112. In particular, the supply of clean water is important for firefly growth. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, when water is supplied to the water channel 110, the water flows into the pond 112, and the water accumulated in the pond overflows and is supplied into the water reservoir 104. The water accumulated in the water reservoir 104 is filtered by passing through the water-permeable layer 106, and the filtered water is supplied to the water channel 110 again. By circulating water in this manner, clean water can be supplied to the water channel 110 and the pond 112.

  By the way, the artificial ground 100 has the water reservoir 104 not in a part below the vegetation layer 108 but in the whole. For this reason, when the artificial ground 100 is provided in a relatively wide range of the rooftop 102, the amount of water stored in the water reservoir 104 increases and the weight thereof increases. This means that the loading load acting on the rooftop 102 becomes large, and the strength of the building where the artificial ground 100 is installed must be increased in advance, which is uneconomical.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial ground for rooftop greening for creating a waterside environment, and capable of reducing the loading load acting on the rooftop.

  The present invention makes the weight of the water stored in the water reservoir relatively small by making the range where the water reservoir exists relatively narrow.

  The artificial ground for rooftop greening for creating a waterside environment according to the present invention includes a water reservoir disposed on the roof, a water permeable layer that fills the water reservoir or a part of the water reservoir, and the water permeable layer A non-permeable layer having a thickness substantially equal to that of the permeable layer and a vegetation layer partly located on the permeable layer and the other part on the non-permeable layer. And a water channel or the like formed of a water-impermeable material is provided on the upper surface of the vegetation layer. Since a part of the vegetation layer is on the water permeable layer and another part of the vegetation layer is on the non-permeable layer, the range in which the water reservoir exists can be made relatively narrow. Thereby, since the weight of the water accumulated in the water reservoir can be suppressed to be relatively small, the load load acting on the roof can be reduced.

  When water is supplied to the water channel or the like, the water is supplied from the water channel or the like into the water reservoir. The water accumulated in the water reservoir is purified by passing through the water-permeable layer, and the purified water is supplied again to the water channel and the like. By circulating water in this way, clean water can be supplied to the water channel and the like. The artificial ground can be provided with a water supply pipe for sending water accumulated in the water reservoir to the water channel or the like.

  The water permeable layer can be formed of a porous material, thereby improving the water purification ability of the water permeable layer. The water-impermeable layer can be formed of foamed polystyrene, or can be formed of a porous material covered with a water-impermeable sheet. By using a relatively lightweight material such as expanded polystyrene or a porous material as the material of the water impermeable layer, the artificial ground can be reduced in weight. The vegetation layer can be formed of soil.

  The artificial ground may be provided with a water-absorbing material, part of which is in the water channel and the other part of which is in the vegetation layer. The water absorbing material absorbs water in the water channel and the vegetation layer absorbs water from the water absorbing material. Thereby, the vegetation layer can obtain moisture necessary for the growth of the plant. The water absorbing material may be a nonwoven fabric or a fibrous material.

  According to the present invention, by reducing the range in which the water reservoir exists, the weight of the water stored in the water reservoir can be relatively reduced. Thereby, the loading load which acts on the said roof can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an artificial ground 10 for rooftop greening for creating a waterside environment includes a water reservoir 14 disposed on a rooftop 12, a water permeable layer 16 that fills the water reservoir, and an adjacent water permeable layer. A non-permeable layer 18 disposed on the rooftop 12 and a vegetation layer 20, part of which is on the permeable layer 16 and the other part of which is on the non-permeable layer 18. A plant can be grown on the vegetation layer 20, and a water channel 22 is provided on the upper surface of the vegetation layer 20. The dimensions of the artificial ground 10 are, for example, a width of about 1.5 m and a length of about 7.5 m. In the illustrated example, the periphery of the artificial ground 10 is surrounded by a side wall 24.

  The water reservoir 14 is made of a non-permeable material in order to prevent water leakage to the rooftop 12, and stores water supplied from the water channel 22 or the like. Since the water reservoir 14 is partly below the vegetation layer 20, the weight of the water accumulated in the water reservoir 14 is smaller than that when the water reservoir 14 is entirely below the vegetation layer 20.

  The water permeable layer 16 is made of a water permeable material, and filters the water accumulated in the water reservoir 14. Instead of the illustrated example in which the entire water permeable layer 16 fills the water reservoir 14, a part of the water permeable layer 16 may fill the water reservoir 14, and the other part may protrude upward from the water reservoir 14. The thickness of the water permeable layer 16 is about 10 cm to 20 cm.

  The water-permeable material is preferably a porous material such as foam glass, porous ceramics, foam metal, foam urethane, pumice, zeolite, and the like. Since the porous material has innumerable fine pores inside, the porous material efficiently adsorbs organic substances that cause water pollution or nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Further, since microorganisms are likely to adhere to the fine pores, water can be purified by the action of the microorganisms. For this reason, the purification | cleaning capability of the water of the water permeable layer 16 can be improved by using the said porous material for the water permeable layer 16. FIG.

  The impermeable layer 18 is impermeable to water. Therefore, water exists only in the water reservoir 14 under the vegetation layer 20. The impermeable layer 18 is desirably formed of a relatively lightweight material in order to reduce the weight of the artificial ground 10. In the illustrated example, the water impermeable layer 18 is made of foamed polystyrene. Since the foamed polystyrene is relatively lightweight, the artificial ground 10 can be reduced in weight by forming the water-impermeable layer 18 with the foamed polystyrene. Moreover, the water-impermeable layer 18 can be formed of a porous material covered with a water-impermeable sheet instead of the above example made of polystyrene foam. Since the porous material is relatively lightweight, the artificial ground 10 can also be reduced in weight by forming the water-impermeable layer 18 with a porous material covered with a water-impermeable sheet. The thickness of the non-permeable layer 18 is substantially equal to the thickness of the permeable layer 16, but may be partially changed depending on the shape of the upper surface of the vegetation layer 20. The artificial ground 10 can be reduced in weight by increasing the thickness of the impermeable layer 18 in advance and decreasing the thickness of the vegetation layer on the impermeable layer 18 in advance.

  The vegetation layer 20 is made of soil, and the soil is preferably artificial lightweight soil. Thereby, the artificial ground 10 is reduced in weight. The artificial lightweight soil may include a porous material such as powdered foam glass. When the artificial lightweight soil contains a porous material, water retention of the vegetation layer 20 can be increased. A part of the vegetation layer 20 secures moisture necessary for the growth of the plant by absorbing the water soaked in the permeable layer 16, and the other part of the vegetation layer 20 allows the plant to grow by watering, raining, or the like. Supply the necessary moisture. When the vegetation layer 20 is provided on the water-permeable layer 16 or the non-water-permeable layer 18, the soil may be formed in a mat shape in advance or may be placed without forming the soil.

  Since a part of the vegetation layer 20 is on the permeable layer 16 and another part of the vegetation layer 20 is on the non-permeable layer 18, the range where the water reservoir 14 exists is a part below the vegetation layer 20. Limited. By limiting the range in which the water reservoir 14 exists in this way, the weight of the water accumulated in the water reservoir 14 can be kept relatively small, thereby reducing the load on the rooftop 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water channel 22 includes a water channel 22 a and a pond 22 b formed in a downstream portion of the water channel, and each of the water channel 22 a and the pond 22 b is formed of a water-impermeable material. In order to facilitate the formation of a meandering water channel as the water-impermeable material 22c forming the water channel 22a, for example, an aluminum flexible pipe divided in half along the axial direction can be used. The water channel 22 or the like may be either the water channel 22a or the pond 22b instead of the illustrated example. By forming the water channel etc. 22 with a water-impermeable material, water in the water channel etc. 22 is prevented from leaking and being supplied onto the water impermeable layer 18.

  When water is supplied to the water channel 22a, the water flows into the pond 22b, and the water accumulated in the pond overflows and is supplied into the water reservoir 14 (FIG. 1). The water accumulated in the water reservoir 14 is purified by passing through the water permeable layer 16, and the purified water is supplied again to the water channel 22a. By circulating water in this way, clean water can be supplied to the water channel 22a and the pond 22b.

  The supply of water to the water channel 22a may be performed manually or may be performed using a pump. In this case, the artificial ground 10 includes a pump 28 disposed in a water tank 26 that communicates with the inside of the water reservoir 14 and a water supply pipe 30 that connects the pump and the upstream portion of the water channel 22a. When the water is circulated, the pump 28 is operated to feed the water accumulated in the water reservoir 14 to the upstream portion of the water channel 22a through the water supply pipe 30.

  In addition, the artificial ground 10 can include a pipe 32 that connects the water tank 26 and the water supply to replenish the water supplied to the water channel 22a. When water supplied to the water channel 22a is insufficient due to evaporation or water consumption by plants, tap water is supplied into the water tank 26 via the pipe 32. At this time, the management work of the artificial ground 10 can be reduced by automatically supplying tap water to the water tank 26 in conjunction with a water level meter (not shown) arranged in the water tank 26 in advance. .

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the artificial ground 10 includes a water absorbing material 34 that is partly in the water channel 22 a and the other part is in the vegetation layer 20. The water absorbent material 34 can absorb water from the water channel 22 a, and the vegetation layer 20 absorbs water from the water absorbent material 34. Thereby, the vegetation layer 20 can obtain moisture necessary for the growth of the plant. By providing the water-absorbing material 34 to the artificial ground 10, watering to the vegetation layer 20 becomes unnecessary, and the management work of the artificial ground 10 can be reduced.

  The water absorbent material 34 can be a non-woven fabric or a fibrous material. The fibrous material includes palm fibers, wood strips, and the like. A part of the water-absorbing material 34 may be in the pond 22b instead of the example of FIG. 3 in which the part is in the water channel 22a. Moreover, it replaces with arrange | positioning the water absorbing material 34, and you may inhabit moss by the water channel 22a or the pond 22b. The moss absorbs water from the water channel 22 a or the pond 22 b and supplies the absorbed water to the vegetation layer 20.

  In the example shown in the drawing, the weight of the water stored in the water reservoir 14 can be made relatively small by making the range where the water reservoir 14 exists relatively narrow. Thereby, the loading load which acts on the rooftop 12 can be reduced.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the artificial ground for rooftop greening which concerns on this invention. The top view of the artificial ground for rooftop greening which concerns on this invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3 in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional artificial ground for rooftop greening.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Artificial ground 12 Rooftop 14 Water reservoir 16 Permeable layer 18 Non-permeable layer 20 Vegetation layer 22 Waterway 34 Water-absorbing material

Claims (7)

  An artificial ground for rooftop greening for creating a waterside environment, a water reservoir arranged on the rooftop, a water permeable layer that fills the water reservoir or a part of which fills the water reservoir, and adjacent to the water permeable layer A non-permeable layer disposed on the roof and having a thickness substantially equal to the permeable layer, a vegetation layer partly on the permeable layer and the other part on the non-permeable layer, An artificial ground for greening a roof, wherein at least one of a water channel and a pond formed of a water-impermeable material is provided on an upper surface of the vegetation layer.   2. The artificial ground for rooftop greening according to claim 1, further comprising a water pipe that feeds water accumulated in the water reservoir to at least one of the water channel and the pond.   The artificial ground for roof greening according to claim 1, wherein the vegetation layer is made of soil.   The artificial ground for roof greening according to claim 1, wherein the water permeable layer is made of a porous material.   The artificial ground for rooftop greening according to claim 1, wherein the water-impermeable layer is made of a porous material covered with a polystyrene foam or a water-impermeable sheet.   The artificial ground for rooftop greening according to claim 1, comprising a water-absorbing material, part of which is in at least one of the waterway and pond and the other part is in the vegetation layer.   The artificial ground for rooftop greening according to claim 6, wherein the water-absorbing material is a nonwoven fabric or a fibrous material.

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