JP5860317B2 - Regulating pond - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a regulating pond with a habitat for aquatic organisms.

  For the purpose of adjusting the amount of runoff associated with land development, a pond is generally installed at the end of the development area, for example.

  In addition to simply adjusting the amount of effluent, this adjustment pond has a landscape that is continuously integrated with the surrounding landscape, and has an independent waterfront environment that does not rely on human maintenance as much as possible. It has been demanded.

  In this way, the adjustment pond that is integrated with the surrounding environment and has aquatic organisms and vegetation suitable for the area can be referred to as a multi-natural adjustment pond.

  By the way, the regulating pond generally uses valley topography, and in order to secure a desired amount of water storage, the ground is cut with a slope with a predetermined slope, and is formed into a roughly mortar shape composed of a slope and a bottom surrounded by the slope. It is constructed in a shape that exhibits. In the conventional adjustment pond, water of various water quality (including contaminated water) and natural water such as groundwater and spring water flow in from the surroundings. It is common to purify with.

  However, the influent water of various water quality flows into the adjustment pond in this way, so the quality of the water is unclear. For this reason, make the adjustment pond always inhabited by aquatic organisms, or It is extremely difficult to establish an area where aquatic organisms can always live.

  Here, Patent Document 1 discloses an artificial green space in which a water level fluctuation area is provided around a water stop area, and a plant transition zone is provided in the water level fluctuation area. More specifically, a watershed is connected to the water level fluctuation area, the excess influent water is overflowed into the watershed area, and the allowable upper limit water level of the water level fluctuation area is controlled within the plant transition zone. In the water area, the downstream side and the upstream side communicate with each other by water supply means for sending water from the flowing water storage tank provided on the downstream side to the upstream side.

  However, even in this artificial green area, inflow water of various water quality still flows into the still water area, and therefore the water level fluctuation area, which is a plant transition zone, is always an environment where aquatic organisms can inhabit. Whether it is unknown.

JP 2001-224243 A

  The adjustment pond of the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an adjustment pond that can always guarantee an environmental area where aquatic organisms can inhabit in the adjustment pond.

  In order to achieve the above object, the adjustment pond according to the present invention is composed of a slope and a bottom face surrounded by a slope, and is zoned in an aquatic organism zone in the downstream area and a water purification zone in the upstream area. In the aquatic organism zone, natural water is introduced from outside the regulating pond through the flow path to form a stream, and vegetation is formed around the stream. Purified water is generated by purifying the inflow water flowing into the regulating pond through the filtering means provided in the connected road surface drainage channel, and the purified water is distributed through the purified water channel provided on the bottom surface. Water flows into the aquatic organism zone, and purified water and brook water are discharged from the downstream area of the brook in the aquatic organism zone.

  One feature of the adjustment pond of the present invention is that it is zoned in the aquatic organism zone in the downstream area and the water purification zone in the upstream area. In the water purification zone, contaminated water, natural water, etc. are mixed. The inflow water is purified into purified water, and the purified water flows into the aquatic organism zone.

  In the aquatic organism zone, natural water is introduced from outside the regulating pond through a flow path, and a stream is formed by the natural water.

  Here, the “natural water” includes spring water, groundwater, underground water (rainwater is absorbed from the ground surface, filtered through the ground, and exuded from the slope or slope of the regulating pond), and the like.

  By guiding this natural water through a channel (conduit, U-shaped groove (including a lid), etc.) to form a creek, the creek can be created even when there is no rainfall and no inflow of inflow water to the pond. It can be prevented from withering, and can maintain vegetation that inhabit the waters around it. In addition, the introduction of natural water does not stagnate the flow of the stream, so that the water quality can be purified, and water quality purification by aquatic organisms can also be expected. Furthermore, by introducing natural water in the area, aquatic organisms unique to the area can easily grow on the waterfront.

  Further, the bottom surface constituting the adjustment pond is provided with a gradient from the upstream area toward the downstream area, and also in the downstream area, the gradient is provided from the upstream side toward the downstream side. Therefore, the purified water produced by purifying the inflow water flowing into the regulating pond through the filtering means provided in the road drainage channel leading to the slope is circulated through the purified water channel provided on the bottom surface in the water purification zone. It can flow naturally along the bottom slope towards the aquatic zone in the downstream area. On the other hand, the stream formed in the aquatic organism zone can also flow along the gradient from the upstream side to the downstream side.

  In this way, in the aquatic organism zone, there is a stream made of natural water and purified water purified in the water purification zone that flows into the aquatic organism zone. It can be ensured that there is an inhabitable environmental area.

  The slope is preferably green as much as possible, and it is better to form a vegetation zone in harmony with the surrounding environment by using locally generated topsoil (seed bank) and terrestrial plants (such as Chigaya).

  In addition, it is possible to form a stream by directing natural water around the adjustment pond, and forming a part of the water circulation of the area by discharging this and purified water from the downstream area of the stream to the discharge destination river, etc. it can.

  Here, as the filtration means in the water purification zone, a laminated body formed by arranging a plurality of filtration layers made of stones having different particle sizes with a filtration layer of stones having a large particle size on the upper side is provided upstream of the slope. The form comprised from the side toward the bottom face may be mentioned.

  As a filtering means, for example, a two-layer structure of a gravel layer and a sand layer below it, or a three-layer structure of a futon cage (layer) containing cricket stone, a gravel layer below and a sand layer below it, etc. Can be mentioned.

  For example, oil in the inflow water can be removed in the course of the inflow water flowing through, for example, a futon basket, a gravel layer, and a sand layer (decomposition of oil by microorganisms and adsorption of oil to crushed stone and sand). In addition, local native trees that are resistant to drying may be transplanted into a futon basket.

  A plurality of laminated bodies are provided in steps on the road drainage channel from the slope of the slope to the bottom of the adjustment pond. In addition, the flow rate of purified water is dramatically reduced by the resistance received during the distribution process and reaches the bottom of the adjustment pond.

  Moreover, the form which consists of two rows | lines formed by arrange | positioning a stone continuously can be mentioned as the said purification water channel provided in the said bottom face in the said water quality purification zone.

  Two sets of stones are arranged as one set, so multiple sets are provided (thus, there are multiple purification channels on the bottom of the water purification zone), or two rows of stones are straight or curved It can be provided so as to meander around the bottom surface of the water purification zone.

  The inflow water is purified in the process of flowing through the filtering means provided in the road surface drainage channel, and becomes purified water when it reaches the bottom of the water purification zone, but in the process of flowing through the purification water channel at the bottom of the water purification zone The purification of the purified water is further promoted and flows into the aquatic organism zone.

  Further, the stream in the aquatic zone is inclined toward the downstream side, and a water shielding sheet is laid on the bottom of the stream, and an interval along the flow direction of the stream is provided on the water shielding sheet. Preferably, a weir is provided, which forms a sediment reservoir.

  By providing a water shielding sheet at the bottom of the creek, the flow can be promoted, and by placing a weir with a sheet pile, etc. at an interval at the bottom of the sloping creek, a puddle accumulates upstream of the weir as the creek flows The removal efficiency of the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the stream is greatly improved by removing this sediment accumulation.

  In addition, for example, a vegetation sandbag using locally generated soil can be placed on both sides of the stream to maintain its shape, and the stream can be used to prevent erosion from the bottom of the stream to the HWL (high water level). Stones may be arranged.

  In addition, the streamline is preferably a vertical gradient that has a gentle flow of, for example, about 0.5 cm / sec, and a plane alignment. In order to form a stream, a reservoir, a state, and a slow flow area, A breccia of about 20 cm may be arranged as a boulder-like skeleton.

  Furthermore, a discharge tower is provided in the downstream area of the stream in the aquatic organism zone, and a mud pool groove is interposed between the stream and the discharge tower, and stones are laid in the mud pool groove. It is preferable to be able to avoid being discharged into the discharge tower as a retreat place for aquatic organisms.

  According to this embodiment, even when the flow rate to the discharge tower increases, it is possible to eliminate the outflow of aquatic organisms from the stream.

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the regulation pond of the present invention, the regulation pond is composed of a slope and a bottom surface surrounded by the slope, and the water quality in the downstream area and the upstream area is the water quality. In the aquatic organism zone, natural water is introduced from the outside of the adjustment pond through the flow path to form a stream, and in the water quality purification zone, the filtering means provided in the road drainage channel leading to the slope is used. The purified water is generated by purifying the inflow water flowing into the adjustment pond through the purification water channel provided on the bottom surface, so that at least the aquatic zone is always in the adjustment pond. Can be guaranteed as an inhabitable environmental place. In addition, this makes it possible to autonomously maintain the waterfront environment around the stream without depending on human management as much as possible. In addition, natural water is introduced to form a stream, and the purified water purified by the stream and the water purification zone is discharged from the downstream area of the stream, thereby forming a part of the water cycle of the area. The pond is in harmony with the water.

It is a top view of a regulation pond. It is the II-II arrow line view of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is the figure which looked at the road surface drainage channel and the filtration means provided in the upper direction in a water quality purification zone longitudinally. It is the III-III arrow line view of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is the figure which looked at the purification water channel provided in the bottom face in a water quality purification zone longitudinally. It is the IV-IV arrow line view of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is the figure which looked at the vertical section from the slope in a water quality purification zone to a purification water channel. It is the VV arrow line view of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is the figure which looked at the flow path in an aquatic life zone to the discharge tower in the downstream area of a brook, and also a brook in a longitudinal section. It is the VI-VI arrow line view of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is the figure which looked in the longitudinal section from the slope in an aquatic organism zone to a stream and its waterside.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a regulating pond according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the forms of the zoning of the adjustment pond, the road surface drainage channel, the filtering means, the purification water channel and the like are not limited to the illustrated examples.

(Embodiment of adjustment pond)
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the adjustment pond. 2 to 6 are respectively a view taken along arrows II-II, III-III, view taken along arrows IV-IV, view taken along arrows V-V, and view taken along arrows VI-VI in FIG.

  The adjustment pond 100 shown in FIG. 1 uses a valley terrain and cuts a natural ground at a slope N having a predetermined slope in order to secure a desired water storage amount, and is surrounded by the slope N and the slope N. It has a substantially mortar shape composed of a bottom surface T.

  An on-site road R is provided on the slope N, and a down-graded on-site road R is provided in the middle of the slope so as to be accessible in the adjustment pond 100.

  The regulation pond 100 is provided with an aquatic organism zone A in the downstream area and a water purification zone B in the upstream area, and is zoned into two areas. The bottom surface T is formed with a downward slope from the upstream water purification zone B toward the downstream aquatic organism zone A. Furthermore, in the aquatic organism zone A, the flow path 1 is directed toward the downstream area of the stream 2. A bottom surface T is formed with a downward slope. Here, the flow path 1 can be formed from a conduit or a U-shaped groove (including a lid).

  Outside the adjustment pond 100, a water collecting basin 10 for collecting various water such as natural water such as spring water, rain water, and contaminated water is arranged, and a water conduit 11 connected to the water basin 10 is located in the water purification zone B. It leads to the road surface drainage channel 5 at the end.

  Filtration means 6 is provided on the road surface drainage channel 5, and inflow water provided from the water conduit 11 is purified in the process of flowing through the filtration means 6 (X1 direction) and sent to the bottom surface T of the water purification zone B. .

  On the bottom surface T of the water purification zone B, stones 7 are continuously laid out to form two rows of flow paths, and a purification water channel 8 is formed between the two stone rows.

  Purified water produced by purifying the inflow water through the filtering means 6 flows through the purified water channel 8 (X2 direction), and finally flows gently into the aquatic organism zone A due to the downward slope of the bottom surface T. (X3 direction).

(Detailed description of water purification zone B)
Next, the water purification zone B will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 2, and is a view of the road surface drainage channel 5 in the water purification zone B and the filtering means 6 provided thereabove as seen in a longitudinal section.

  As shown in the figure, the filtering means 6 formed on the road surface drainage channel 5 is a laminate 6d having a three-layer structure in which a split basket 6a, a crushed stone layer 6b and a sand layer 6c are laminated in order from the top. However, it is arranged in a step-like manner along the downward slope of the road surface drainage channel 5.

  Inflow water provided from the water conduit 11 is present in the inflow water due to decomposition of oil by microorganisms and adsorption of oil to crushed stone and sand in the process of flowing from the top to the bottom of each laminate 6d (X1 direction). The oil is removed and purified.

  Inflow water purification proceeds in the process of flowing through each laminate 6d, and the inflow water becomes purified water and is sent to the bottom surface T of the water purification zone B.

  FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 1, and is a view of the purified water channel 8 provided on the bottom surface T in the water quality purification zone B as viewed in a longitudinal section.

  A locally generated soil G is laid on the bottom T with a thickness of about 50 cm, and stones 7 are continuously arranged on the locally generated soil G to form a row, and two rows are formed at intervals. The purifier water channel 8 is formed by continuously laying the futon baskets 8a on the basins. A water-impervious sheet may be laid between the bottom surface T and the locally generated soil G.

  Here, a local tree 8b that is resistant to drying is transplanted to the futon basket 8a, and a reed 8c, for example, is transplanted on both sides thereof.

  As shown in the figure, the purified water channel 8 is surrounded by two rows of stones, so that a desired flow path can be secured and it is possible to prevent reeds from growing more than necessary in the entire area of the flow path.

  FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrows IV-IV in FIG. 1 and is a longitudinal cross-sectional view from the slope in the water purification zone to the purification channel.

  The slope N of the adjustment pond 100 is as green as possible. When planting the slope N, a vegetation zone in harmony with the surrounding environment is formed by utilizing locally generated soil (seed bank) and terrestrial plant chigaya.

  The slope N of the slope N is provided with a depth 9 so that, for example, Tokyo Salamander can inhabit and lay eggs, and a stone 12 is laid up to H.W.L of the slope in order to prevent erosion.

  In addition, for example, Kunugi, Konara, Sakura, Maple, Ego, etc. that grow in the habitat of Tokyo Salamander are transplanted from the slope of the slope N to the local thicket.

  In addition, a water-impervious sheet 13 is laid at least at the bottom of the depth 9 for the purpose of preventing water withering.

(Detailed description of aquatic organism zone A)
Next, the aquatic organism zone A will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows V-V in FIG. 1, and is a vertical cross-sectional view from the flow path in the aquatic organism zone to the stream, and further to the discharge tower in the downstream area of the stream. FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrows VI-VI in FIG. 1, and is a diagram in which a slope, a stream, and its waterside in the aquatic organism zone are viewed in a longitudinal section.

  In the aquatic organism zone A, natural water (spring water, groundwater, underground water) is led from the outside of the regulation pond 100 through the flow path 1, and a stream 2 is formed by this natural water, and a waterside 3 is formed around it. Is formed.

  By guiding this natural water into the preparation basin 100 through the flow path 1 to form the creek 2, the creek 2 does not wither even if there is no rainfall and no inflow of inflow water into the regulating basin 100. It is possible to maintain the vegetation that inhabits the surrounding waterside 3. Moreover, since the flow of the stream 2 is not delayed by introducing natural water, the water quality can be purified, and water quality purification by aquatic organisms can also be expected. Furthermore, by introducing natural water in the area, aquatic organisms unique to the area can easily grow on the waterfront.

  The stream 2 has, for example, a gradient of 5% on the upstream side and a gradient of 2% on the downstream side, for example, and a discharge tower 4 is provided in the downstream area. Such a gradient of the stream 2 is a gradient for securing a gentle flow of about 50 cm / sec.

  A water-impervious sheet is laid on the bottom surface T, and a locally generated soil G is laid thereon. A groove is provided above the locally generated soil G, and this groove forms a stream 2. Further, vegetation sandbags 15 are laid on both sides of the stream 2 to maintain the shape of the stream 2. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, it is good also to provide a wand (bay) or a stream in the stream 2.

  Further, a weir 14 made of sheet piles is provided at the bottom of the stream 2 at intervals along the flow direction of the stream, and this forms a sediment accumulation D. Thus, by making the sediment accumulation D possible on the upstream side of the weir 14, the removal efficiency of the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the stream 2 is significantly improved by removing the sediment accumulation D.

  Also in the aquatic organism zone A, the slope N is made as green as possible, and the stone 12 is laid to the H.W.L of the slope in order to prevent erosion.

  The waterside 3 around the stream 2 is transplanted with chigaya and willow, etc. In other places, vegetation zones that are in harmony with the surrounding environment are formed by utilizing local soil and terrestrial plants.

  A discharge tower 4 is provided in the downstream area of the stream 2, and the water of the stream 2 and purified water are discharged into the discharge tower 4, and the discharged water is discharged into the river RV outside the regulation pond 100. It is like that.

  A mud reservoir groove 17 is provided between the stream 2 and the discharge tower 4, and gravel 18 is laid in the mud reservoir groove 17. With such a configuration, the gravel 18 in the mud reservoir groove 17 serves as a retreat place for aquatic organisms (such as sea lions and bivalves released into the creek 2), and the aquatic organisms can be prevented from being released into the discharge tower 4. . Therefore, even when the flow rate discharged to the discharge tower increases, the aquatic organism can be prevented from flowing out of the stream.

  According to the illustrated adjustment pond 100, the adjustment pond 100 is zoned to the aquatic organism zone A in the downstream area and the water purification zone B in the upstream area. Natural water is introduced through 1 and a stream 2 is formed. In the water purification zone B, the inflow water flowing into the regulating pond 100 is purified through the filtering means 6 provided in the road surface drainage channel 5 connected to the slope N. By generating purified water and circulating the purified water through the purified water channel 8 provided on the bottom surface T, the aquatic organism zone A is an environmental place where aquatic organisms can always live in the adjustment pond 100. Can be guaranteed as.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. They are also included in the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Flow path, 2 ... Brook, 3 ... Waterside, 4 ... Discharge tower, 5 ... Road surface drainage channel, 6 ... Filtration means, 6a ... Futon basket containing a split chestnut, 6b ... Crushed stone layer, 6c ... Sand layer, 6d ... Laminate , 7 ... Stone, 8 ... Purified water channel, 8a ... Futon basket, 8b ... Native tree, 8c ... Reed, 9 ... Depth, 10 ... Catchment, 11 ... Waterway, 12 ... Zhang stone, 13 ... Water shielding sheet , 14 ... Weir (sheet pile), 15 ... Vegetation sandbag, 16 ... Gravel (stone), 17 ... Mud reservoir, 18 ... Gravel (stone), 100 ... Regulating pond, G ... Locally generated soil, D ... Sediment reservoir, N ... Slope, T ... Bottom, R ... In-ground road, RV ... River

Claims (4)

A regulation pond composed of a slope and a bottom surrounded by a slope, zoned in an aquatic organism zone in the downstream area and a water purification zone in the upstream area,
In the aquatic organism zone, natural water is introduced from outside the regulating pond through the flow path to form a stream, and vegetation is formed around the stream.
In the water purification zone, the inflow water flows into the adjustment pond through the filtering means provided in the road surface drainage channel leading to the slope, and the inflow water is purified by circulating the inflow water through the purification water channel provided on the bottom surface. Purified water is generated ,
The purification water channel is composed of two rows formed by continuously arranging stones,
The downstream side of the purification channel is an aquatic zone,
The basin in which the purified water flows into the aquatic organism zone, and the purified water and the brook water are discharged from the downstream area of the brook in the aquatic organism zone. The filtration means in the water purification zone comprises a laminate in which a plurality of filtration layers made of stones having different particle sizes are arranged with a stone filtration layer having a large particle size on the upper side, and the laminate is a slope. The adjustment pond according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment pond is configured to be arranged stepwise from the upstream side to the bottom surface. The creek in the aquatic life zone is inclined toward the downstream side, and a water shielding sheet is laid on the bottom of the creek, and the water shielding sheet is spaced along the flow direction of the creek. The adjustment basin according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a weir is provided, which forms a sediment reservoir. A discharge tower is provided in the downstream area of the stream in the aquatic organism zone, and a mud pool groove is interposed between the stream and the discharge tower, and stones are laid in the mud pool groove. The regulating pond according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the aquatic organism can be avoided from being discharged into the discharge tower.

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