KR20020060501A - The Lake or Stream Water Quality Control Systems with using Filteration Bed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Lake or stream water quality control system with using filtration bed is provided, which is characterized in that filtration bed composed of sand and charcoal is installed on bank of the rivers for purifying polluted rivers. And plant or microorganism is cultivated at the filtration bed for removing organics biologically. CONSTITUTION: Filtration bed packed with sand(1) and charcoal is installed on bank of the polluted rivers. And polluted water passes through the filtration bed for purification by adsorption, filtering, and decomposing operations of the filtration bed. Also runoff is purified by the filtration bed before runoff flows into rivers. Therefore loading of organics of rivers is decreased. The lower part of the filtration bed is made of concrete for forming impermeable layer(5). Sand and charcoal are packed by cloth net for maintaining shape.

Description

The Lake or Stream Water Quality Control Systems with using Filteration Bed}

The present invention relates to the purification of water systems such as lakes and streams, and to clean the lake or river water quality by filtering the contaminated water such as lakes or streams in a filter bed installed in the waterfront area and re-introduced into the lake or rivers, or the initial excellent After purifying the water, it is allowed to flow into the lake or river to prevent water pollution of the lake or river, and also to decompose the filtered organic matter by metabolism of microorganisms growing in the filter topsoil or microorganisms growing on the filter bed, The present invention relates to a contaminated water purification system that maintains filtration capacity by regeneration.

As sewage facilities that collect and treat domestic sewage and industrial wastewater are continuously expanded and distributed, pollution of rivers, lakes, and oceans is being improved. However, most of the river water quality has not been sufficiently improved due to leakage of sewage and drainage pipes from untreated areas and inflow of pollutants from nonpoint sources.

The water quality improvement methods for streams and lakes can be classified into the method of blocking the inflow of pollutants and the method of directly purifying the already polluted water system. Among them, a method and apparatus for directly purifying a contaminated water system, conventionally, aeration apparatus or a method of increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration by increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration by causing a drop in a river, and dividing a constant storage space on the side surface or the bottom of the stream. This space was filled with crushed stone to remove organic pollutants by using the decomposition ability of biofilms attached to the crushed stone.

However, the oxygen supply by the aeration device is limited to increase the self-cleaning ability by supplying dissolved oxygen, and it is difficult to maintain the biofilm in rivers and lakes with low organic concentration by the deposition biofilm growth method of laminating crushed stone. Due to its large volume, most of the reactor's capacity is encroached by crushed stone, which occupies a large space, so the actual reaction time is very short and inefficient compared to the structure's capacity. There was a problem in effectiveness as it was limited to the removal of contaminants.

Accordingly, the present invention is designed to solve the problems of the conventional method or facilities for improving the quality of rivers or lakes, in particular, by the filtration function of filtration to clean up the lake or river water quality or to purify the initial excellent water and microorganisms or coating plants It is an object of the present invention to provide a contaminated water purification system that allows the filter phase to be regenerated by metabolism.

Contaminated water purification system of the present invention for achieving the above object is installed by the filter bed made by stacking the filter medium or biofilm contact material in the waterfront area of the river or lake, it consists of a method of taking over the water of the lake and passing the filter bed do.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the influx of pollutants into the water system by allowing the initial rainwater with a high degree of pollution to enter the lake or river after being purified through the filter bed. When the initial rainwater flows into the dry filter phase during the rainy season, the filter phase reaches the saturated wet state, so that the late rainwater with low pollution level does not penetrate into the filter phase and flows directly into the water system. As a result, the flow load is reduced in the filter bed, and the residence time of the filter medium having a high degree of pollution, that is, the time to decompose organic contaminants, can be increased.

In order to regenerate the pores on the filter and to promote the decomposition or absorption of contaminants, plants with deep working depth may be selected for planting or seeding the selected microorganisms having excellent degradability on the filter. In addition, to facilitate the regeneration of the filter phase by embedding a hollow pipe inside the air vent (Air Vent) is installed to supply air to the inside of the filter bed to maintain aerobic.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a contaminated water purification system according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a contaminated water purification system according to the present invention.

※ Explanation of code about main part of drawing ※

1: Sand layer 2, 2 ': Gravel layer

3: topsoil layer 4: covering plant

5: impermeable layer 11: water pipe

12: pump well 13: pump

14: Initiation boat 15a, 15b: Merit pipe

16,17: vent pipe

Hereinafter, embodiments of the contaminated water purification system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the polluted water purification system according to the present invention, and mainly relates to the direct purification of the polluted water system.

The polluted water purification system according to FIG. 1 includes a filter bed facility configured by stacking a biofilm contact material made of a filter material such as sand, charcoal, or a lock or a synthetic resin material in a waterfront area such as a lake or a river, and a water pipe. The water of the lake or the river introduced into the pump well 12 through the pump 11 is pumped by the pump 13 and distributed to the upper layer of the filtration through the distribution means, and the water distributed to the upper layer of the filtration through the distribution means As it passes through the filter bed, contaminants are removed by the adsorption and filtration of the filter bed, and the filtered water is collected by the collecting means and collected back into the lake or stream.

Here, the distribution means and the collecting means may be composed of a plurality of perforated pipes, earth pipes, or may be composed of a wooden bundle, gravel layer, crushed stone layer. The construction of the perforated pipes 15a and 15b made of solid material is durable and does not close well, and the distribution and catchment reliability is excellent. In particular, when the distribution means is configured by connecting a plurality of perforated pipes 15a to the long spherical water channel 14 as in the embodiment of FIG. It is preferable because it becomes possible to dispense. In addition, when the filter bed is small, the water pipe and the pump well may be omitted and a pump may be installed in the water system to directly flow into the distribution means. In particular, unlike lakes, rivers use natural drops that are formed according to the terrain, and the rivers with high upstream water are used to infiltrate the filtration bed installed in the downstream waterside area. It is not economical.

In addition, the decomposition of the microorganism is actively performed under aerobic conditions rather than anaerobic conditions. Therefore, inside the filter bed, an air-vent installed to bury air pipes for ventilation and communicate with the air, or install the air-pipe 16 to the air in the filter by distributing or collecting water. The regeneration of the filtration phase can be promoted by ensuring that is supplied and kept aerobic.

In addition, the present invention by planting the cover plant (4), such as grass, shrub or crops on the surface of the filter bed, the nutrients are used and removed by the metabolism of the plants, and the filter pores are regenerated by the root activity. . In particular, the microorganisms having excellent degradability can be periodically planted inside the filter bed through the vent pipe, the distribution means, or the water well, so that the decomposition rate of the organic matter collected on the filter can be increased.

The filter bed in this embodiment is composed of a lower gravel layer 2 ', a sand layer 2, an upper gravel layer 2, and an impermeable layer 5 made of concrete, clay, or synthetic resin sheet under the lower gravel layer 2'. ) Can be installed to prevent the filtered water from leaking into the lower part of the filter.

And when the distribution means installed in the upper layer of the filter is composed of a plurality of perforated pipes provided with a landing well 14 in the form of a spherical waterway, so that the water taken over by the landing well flows into the filter bed once By installing a plurality of perforated pipes 15a communicating with the impingement well and having a plurality of distribution holes formed on the sidewalls at the same water level, it is possible to distribute a large amount of flow rates evenly over a large area. In addition, the collecting means installed in the lower layer of the filter is composed of a perforated tube (15b) of the structure that is exposed to the lake or river one end is a plurality of holes formed in the side wall so that the water filtered in the filter can be collected into the lake or river It is desirable to be.

In addition, when the filter phase is laminated with only the filter medium, there is a high risk of sliding in the wet state, so it is preferable that the filter medium and the mesh nonwoven or woven fabric are laminated together so as not to collapse.

In the system of FIG. 1, when the initial rainwater is introduced into the water well, the polluted water system can be directly purified, as well as the inflow of pollutants due to the purification of the initial rainwater can be reduced.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the polluted water purification system according to the present invention can reduce the amount of contamination introduced into the water system.

The polluted water purification system according to FIG. 2 is filtered through a topsoil layer (3), an upper gravel layer (2 '), a sand layer (1), and a lower gravel layer (2') before rainwater flows into a river or a lake. 15b) can be introduced into the river through the water collecting means composed of water, etc., to reduce the pollution of the water system by the pollutants contained in the rainwater. The surface of the filter or a part of the surface, such as a pitcher cone, which can penetrate gravel, sand or water so that the initial rainwater flowing down the surface and flowing into the river and the lake can penetrate the inside of the filter well. It can be made of a porous material. And it is the same as the first embodiment that the vent pipe 17 is installed in the perforated pipe so as to be connected to the atmosphere so that the air is supplied to the filtration tube and maintained in aerobic manner.

In addition, if the sewage or sewage is passed through the filtration phase according to the first or second embodiment and purified to be used as the water for maintenance of the lake or river, it is preferable to prevent dry water in the dry season.

When the contaminated water purification system according to the present invention is used, the following effects are expected.

① It is possible to adopt economic and effective water purification system by using wasteland or coriander site around appeal and river.

② It will be possible to build a filter bed in the lake and river waterfront area, and to use the water for maintenance of water system by purifying sewage or sewage. The use of a large wasteland in the waterfront area results in a small pollutant load per unit area, so that the highly polluted sewage water can be sufficiently purified with clean water.

③ Since gravel and sand can be easily collected from rivers, it is easy to procure materials for filtration.

④ By the metabolic action of microorganisms growing on the filter bed and plants planted in the topsoil layer, the filtering capacity can be maintained for a long time.

⑤ Planting crops and orchard landscaping water on topsoil can reduce fertilization, so economic benefits from harvesting crops can be obtained at low cost.

⑥ By the cultivation of vegetation can prevent the collapse of shores and banks and improve the landscape.

Claims (7)

A filter bed formed by stacking filter media such as sand and charcoal or biofilm contact materials such as LOCK and synthetic resin injection is installed in waterfront areas such as lakes and rivers, and a portion of the lake and river water is passed through the filter bed. And directly purifying the lake and river water by allowing contaminants in the river water to be purified by adsorption, filtration and decomposition of the filter and then re-introduced into lakes and streams, or by passing rainwater through the filter bed to obtain rainwater, particularly early rainwater. A polluted water purification system, characterized in that the pollutants in the lake and streams are purified by adsorption, filtration and decomposition of the filter before entering the lakes and streams. The polluted water purification system according to claim 1, wherein an impermeable layer is formed on the lower part of the filter bed by concrete, clay, or synthetic resin sheet. The polluted water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the filter bed is laminated with a filter medium and a nonwoven or woven fabric with a mesh so that the filter bed does not collapse. 2. The polluted water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the filter bed is covered with soil that is favorable for the swelling of vegetation, and the cover layer is planted with grass, shrubs or crops. The contaminated water purification system according to claim 1, wherein a part of the surface of the filter bed is porous such as gravel or permeable corn so that rainwater can penetrate well into the filter bed. The polluted water purification system according to claim 1, wherein a hollow pipe communicating with the ground atmosphere is buried in the filter bed so that the filter bed is kept aerobic. The polluted water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the filter bed is periodically seeded with microorganisms having excellent decomposition ability.