KR100915541B1 - equipment for improvement of river water quality using soil filtration and method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stream water quality improvement apparatus and method through soil filtration, and to reduce the amount of water lost in supplying the river water to the floodplain, not only pollute the surrounding environment, but also to promote the infiltration of streams that require less energy It is an object of the present invention to provide a stream water quality improvement apparatus and method through soil filtration that can be used for other purposes without introducing the filtered stream water into the stream.

The river water pumping chamber (11) for pumping river water and supplying it to the river water pipe, the river water pipe (12), which is connected to the river water pumping room, and supplies the river water supplied from the pumping chamber to each river water distribution pipe (13), and the river water pipe A plurality of river water distribution pipes 13 are connected at regular intervals to supply the river water supplied from the river water pipe 12 to the outlet 14, and the river water distribution pipes 13 are installed at regular intervals so that the river water is overflowed A plurality of filtered water collecting pipes 21, each of which comprises a water outlet 14 for supplying the soil surface, a perforated pipe installed in the ground under the groundwater to capture filtered water purified through soil filtration, and each filtered water collecting pipe 21; Filtrate collected and connected to the groundwater beneath the groundwater level and collects the filtered water trapped in each filtrate water collecting pipe into the filtrate water collecting pipe 23, and the filtrate collected and connected to the filtrate water pipe 22. And finally the collection to the river water quality improvement device with the soil containing the filtered water filtered sump 23 for discharging the stream,

Supplying the river water to the surface of the soil through the discharge channel through the river water pumping room, river water pipe, river water distribution pipe, and the overflowed river water penetrates into the soil and descends into the soil to filter the soil layer and biochemistry by the microorganisms in the soil. The water quality of the stream is improved by the step of purifying by the positive reaction and collecting the filtered water purified by the soil into the filtered water collecting well through the filtered water collecting pipe and the filtered water collecting pipe.

Description

Equipment for improvement of river water quality using soil filtration and method for the same}

The present invention relates to a stream water quality improvement apparatus and method through soil filtration, and more particularly, to irrigate the river water to the floodplain around the river to pass through the soil layer to remove contaminants, such as organic matter, and then clean the filtered water near the irrigation point The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for improving the water quality of river water by recovering the water and flowing it into the river.

River water is characterized by high yield and low pollutant concentration. The most common way to improve the quality of river water is to promote biodegradation of pollutants contained in river water by installing carriers to which microorganisms can be attached to the bottom or bottom of the river. to be. However, these methods have various characteristics depending on the construction method, but they have a disadvantage in that they are generally inefficient and easily lost or occluded in floods.

Next, the common method is to draw the river water to the floodplain (column site) around the river, treat it with a suitable method, and discharge the treated water back to the river. Specifically, a stream water purification device and method using waste tires (Korea Patent Registration 10-0161768), a stream water purification device and method using waste concrete (Korea Patent Registration 10-0161767), a riverbank using natural banks and ditch Contact oxidation type river water purification equipment (Korea Patent Registration 10-0423662), and river water purification device and method by precipitation and dredging (Korea Patent Registration 10-0298244). In addition, there is a method of naturally treating contaminated water by installing artificial wetlands or oxidized papers in floodplains.

However, these methods are different according to each method, but they are not very efficient for treating a large amount of contaminated river water, and the treatment device is installed on the floodplain, so it is highly likely to be lost during flooding or to separate them. There is a disadvantage that it is necessary.

Thus, in order to overcome the above disadvantages, nature-friendly methods using the excellent permeability of the soil and the physical, chemical and biological decontamination capabilities of the floodplain and riverbed around the river have been developed. For example, Korean Patent Registration No. 0291223 describes a method for improving the water quality of a river by soil filtration that allows river water to pass through the sedimentary layers at the bottom of the stream, while Korean Patent Registration No. 0447342 generates unsaturated water flows in a floodplain around the stream. Disclosed is a method for removing organic matter and nitrogen from river water using a floodplain, which is a technology for removing contaminants contained in river water.

However, in order to apply the water quality improvement method of the river by the soil filtration of Korean Patent Registration No. 0291223, alluvium layer should be formed at the bottom of the river with a considerable thickness of about 5m or more, and the flow velocity of the river water is considerable, so that the excessive occlusion layer is formed on the soil surface. There is a need for such a mechanism that a mechanism to prevent this from happening. In addition, when the strata contain large particles or consist only of fine grained sand, there is a disadvantage in that the construction of the filter is very difficult or the cost is greatly increased. Large rivers in Korea and a significant part of the streams fall under these conditions, and despite the high efficacy of soil filtration, there is a limit to improving the water quality through widespread use.

Meanwhile, the method of removing organic matter and nitrogen from river water using the floodplain of Korea Patent Registration No. 0447342 has high efficiency to remove organic matter and nitrogen contained in the river water as well as other trace contaminants using the floodplain widely distributed around the river due to the characteristics of the river in Korea. It is a good way to remove it. In this method, the groundwater level is increased by spreading the river water in a large floodplain and infiltrating the soil, and the infiltrated river water flows back into the river by gravity due to the difference between the elevated groundwater level and the river water level. To make it possible. Since natural rivers in Korea are inflows of groundwater, groundwater flows from floodplains to rivers, so the impact on the surrounding environment can be minimized, and its efficiency is high and economical as it removes pollution using soil.

However, this method requires maintaining unsaturated flows in the floodplain water supply, which is technically difficult and inefficient to spread uneven streams of floodwater by flooding it with floodwaters. Back to the rivers in the distance, the only force acting on this process is gravity, so the throughput is small, and evenly spraying contaminated river water to the air of considerable height forms water droplets of equal size, so The energy is high, and the sprayed polluted river water is scattered water droplets become an odor or other environmental pollution source, the sprayed water is blocked by the surface of the plant or promoted evaporation has the disadvantage of increasing the waste of water. In addition, river water that has been cleared while passing through the floodplain soil is recharged into the groundwater and flows into the river by gravity, so that the water quality of the river water is improved but the filtered water cannot be utilized.

In addition, reverse contact oxidation or similar methods have been attempted to utilize the microorganism's pollution treatment ability by replacing the natural soil of the floodplain with coarse-grained gravel, passing it through contaminated river water, and adhering to gravel particles. Difficulties such as blockage and the treatment of the sludge generated is not actually widely used. (Korea Environmental Management Corporation, River Natural Purification Site and Water Quality Survey, April 1999)

[Patent 1] Korean Patent Registration Publication 10-0423662

[Patent 2] Korean Patent Registration Publication 10-0298244

[Document 3] Korean Patent Registration Publication No. 0291223

[Document 4] Korean Patent Registration Publication No. 0447342

[Ref. 5] River Natural Purification Site Site and Water Quality Survey, Environmental Management Corporation, April 1999

It is an object of the present invention to reduce the amount of water lost in supplying river water to floodplains, not only to contaminate the surrounding environment, but also to have a stream water distribution system that promotes the infiltration of less energy-efficient river water. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stream water quality improvement apparatus and method through soil filtration that can be used for other purposes without inflow into the water.

[Measures to solve the problem]

The river water quality improvement device through the soil filtration of the present invention for achieving the above object, the river water pumping chamber (11) for pumping the river water to supply to the river water pipe, and the river water is connected to the river water pumping room and supplied from the pumping chamber, respectively A plurality of river water distribution pipes (13) for supplying the stream water supply pipes (12) supplied to the river water distribution pipes (13) and the river water supply pipes (12) for supplying the river water supplied from the river water supply pipes (12) to the outlet (14). And a water outlet (14) installed at regular intervals in the river water distribution pipe (13) and supplying the river water to the soil surface in a monthly manner, and a perforated pipe installed in the ground below the water table to capture the filtered water purified through soil filtration. It is connected to each of the plurality of filtered water collecting pipes 21, and each of the filtered water collecting pipes 21, which is also installed in the ground below the groundwater surface, and collects the filtered water captured in each filtered water collecting pipe. Filtrate water pipe (22) collected in the sump (23), and the filtrate water collecting pipe (23) connected to the filtrate water pipe (22) to collect the final collected water and discharged to the stream, the river water to the river pumping room, Supplying to the surface of the soil through the stream through the river water pipe and the river water distribution pipe, and the overflowed river water penetrates into the soil and descends, thereby purifying by filtration of the soil layer and biochemical reactions by microorganisms in the soil. And collecting the filtered water purified by the soil into the filtered water collecting well through the filtered water collecting pipe and the filtered water collecting pipe to discharge the water into the stream. In the most typical and ideal example, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the river water distribution pipes 13 is connected to the river water pipe 12 at a right angle so that the river water distribution pipes 13 are parallel to each other, and each filtrate water pipe 21 may be connected to the filtrate water pipe 22 at a right angle so that the filtrate water collection pipes 21 may be parallel to each other.

The process of river water purification by the stream water quality improvement apparatus through soil filtration of the present invention will be described in detail with the flow of water.

First, the river water pumped up from the river water pumping chamber 11 is distributed to the river water distribution pipe 13 through the river water pipe 12 and supplied to the floodplain ground surface through an outlet 14 installed exposed to the ground. It is a first feature of the present invention not to scatter river water into the air. Here, the river water pipe 12 and the river water distribution pipe 13 may be located in the ground or on the ground, but it is preferable to install in the ground in consideration of the damage and visual aesthetics during flooding.

The river water supplied to the surface is overflowed at the drop point, soaks in the surrounding area, soaks into the soil, and is purified by filtration of the soil layer and biochemical reactions by microorganisms in the soil. (In the specification of the present invention, the term 'filtration' is used for convenience, but the removal of organic matter and nitrogen by living organisms also occurs in many cases.) At this time, the river water is soaked evenly over a wide soil surface, so that unlike the supply from the ground Occlusion by contaminant overload does not occur, and thus the processing speed can be increased.

Subsequently, the purified river water (filtered water) is collected in the filtered water collecting pipe 21 and collected in the filtered water collecting well 23 through the filtered water collecting pipe 22. The filtered water moves only a long distance by the water head difference between the ground and the water surface. It is a second feature of the present invention to move immediately through the filtrate water conduit 22 to the filtrate sump 23. To explain this in detail, the driving force of water flow in groundwater is the difference in water level (water head) formed along the stream line, and the resistance to water flow is mainly frictional resistance caused by soil particles. Increases in proportion to (Darcy's law). If no filtration line is installed just below the point where the stream is recharged, the filtration flows mainly horizontally in the saturation zone below the water table to reach the stream. At this time, the driving force of the water flow is the difference between the groundwater level and the river level, and the difference is small enough not to exceed 2-3m in most cases, while the movement distance of the groundwater, which is the resistance to the waterflow, reaches tens to 200m from the floodplain to the river. do. Therefore, the speed of water flow is slow and the length of stay in the ground becomes very long. As a result, the treatment speed is slowed, organic matter is eluted from the soil particles, oxygen is depleted, an anaerobic environment is formed, and iron, manganese, etc. are eluted, and water quality deteriorates. If more raw water is supplied to the soil surface in order to increase the processing speed, the groundwater level of the supply area rises more, but in Korea, the difference in height between the floodplain and the river level is only about 5m. This causes side effects such as wetlanding of the surrounding soil. On the contrary, when the filtrate water pipe is installed in the ground just below the point where the river water is sprayed on the soil surface as in the present invention, the distance of water flow can be shortened to about 10m, and the water level difference, which is the driving force of the water flow, can be increased to about 10m. The speed of the filtered water can be increased, so the treatment speed is fast and the time for the filtered water to stay in the soil is not longer than necessary. The improvement of water quality through soil filtration is most active at a depth of several meters near the surface, and the additional water quality improvement is not large at longer filtration distances, but rather, iron and manganese are eluted when oxygen is insufficient in long-distance filtration. The arrangement of equipment as in

Further, unlike FIG. 1, the filtrate water collecting pipe 21 is radially connected to the filtrate water collecting pipe 23 directly through the filtrate water collecting pipe 23 or through the filtrate water collecting pipe 22 without passing through the filtrate water collecting pipe 22. It's okay.

And the stream water quality improvement device through the soil filtration of the present invention, when supplying the river water to the surface of the soil through the discharge water through the river water pumping chamber, river water pipe, river water distribution pipe, it is preferable to supply the river water intermittently. Here, intermittent includes the meaning of "periodic" and means that the river water supply cycle varies with climate and weather.

This is to periodically dry the ground surface in order to maintain the permeability coefficient by preventing the blockage of the soil surface. The irrigation and drying cycles vary depending on the soil conditions. It is preferable that the duration of irrigation and drying be approximately 0.2 to 1.0 in floodplain soils around Korea. Continued irrigation and drying not only prevent clogging of the soil surface, but also promote circulation of soil gas by mechanisms such as tidal-flat respiration, thereby facilitating decomposition of contaminants.

The stream water quality improvement device through the soil filtration of the present invention may be used to purify the sewage treatment plant effluent once more before supplying the sewage treatment plant effluent instead of the river water. This will not only improve the quality of the effluent but also improve the sewage. Chemicals, such as precipitants used for treatment, have the advantage of being neutralized by the soil.

According to the present invention, firstly, the purified water is quickly recovered by the soil layer of the floodplain, so that the amount of river water is increased, and secondly, the stream is not scattered in the air, and thus less energy is used to operate and water is not wasted. For this reason, it does not smell or contaminate the surrounding area, so it is not averted as a hate facility. Fourth, the purified river water may not be returned to the river and used for other purposes such as agricultural water. It is environmentally friendly because it does not occur. Sixth, all the facilities except for the exit are installed in the basement so that it is possible to create a green space on the site, and finally, it is suitable for rivers in Korea.

In addition, applying the present invention in the discharge of the sewage treatment plant effluent in the river, not the river water can further contribute to the stream quality improvement.

Figure 1 shows an example (claim 2) of the planar layout of the river water quality improvement apparatus through soil filtration of the present invention, Figure 1 is a planar layout, Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view.

** Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawings **

11: river water pumping room 12: river water pipe

13: river water distribution pipe 14: exit

21: Filtrate water pipe 22: Filtrate water pipe

23: filtered water sump

As described in the above [Measuring Solution], a pipe through which river water flows through the floodplain is installed on the ground, and a pipe through which the filtered water flows underground is typically disposed as shown in FIG.

Specially referring to the location of the water outlet and the filtrate collection pipe, it is appropriate that the water outlet 14 is installed at a height of about 10-50 cm from the ground surface, and the filtrate collection pipe 21 is below the ground water level 50 cm or less from the ground surface. Install at the proper depth. This is based on the information that contaminated river water penetrated through the surface of the Korean soil is passed through the soil, and the filtration distance required is about 50 cm, and the underground water surface is located at a depth of about 2 m above the surface. . (Chung, JB., Kim, SH., Jeong, BR., And Lee, YD., "Removal of Organic Matter and Nitrogen from River Water in a Model Floodplain," J. of Environ. Quality, 33, pp. 1017 -1023, 2004; National Alluvial Groundwater Survey Report, Korea Water Resources Corporation, December 1996). In addition, it is very helpful to improve the quality of the filtered water by moving the water from the large area to the ground by moving the water vertically and reaching the ground level. It is based on the fact that it only slows down the processing speed.

In addition, it is preferable to use a filter water collection pipe having a porosity of 20% or more and a diameter of about 30 cm. If the opening rate is less than 15%, a large collection pipe should be used because ground resistance is large and the efficiency decreases significantly when groundwater flows into the collection pipe (Ground Water Manual, Water and Power Resources Service, US Dept. of the Interior, 1981), the diameter of the collection pipe should be small because the diameter of the collection pipe is large, the distance to the ground surface, that is, the filtration distance can be reduced to reduce the pollutant removal efficiency. If the collection pipe is small in diameter and made of metal, the advantages of easy construction are added.

Claims (5)

A river water pumping chamber that pumps the river water and supplies it to the river water pipe, a river water pipe which is connected to the river water pumping room to supply the river water distribution pipes to each river water distribution pipe, and is connected to the river water pipe at regular intervals. A number of river water distribution pipes supplying river water to the discharge zone, a water outlet installed at regular intervals in the river water distribution pipe to supply the river water to the soil surface in a monthly flow, and purified through soil filtration installed in the ground below the water table A plurality of filtrate collection pipes consisting of perforated pipes for collecting the filtered filtrate; Finally collected and discharged to the stream To include fruit sump, Supplying the river water to the surface of the soil through the discharge channel through the river water pumping room, river water pipe, river water distribution pipe, and the overflowed river water penetrates into the soil and descends into the soil to filter the soil layer and biochemistry by the microorganisms in the soil. Improved water quality of the river water through the soil filtration by the step of purifying by the reaction, and the step of collecting the filtered water purified by the soil through the filtered water collecting pipe and the filtered water collecting pipe in the filtered water collecting well. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the stream water distribution pipe is connected to the river water pipe at right angles to each other and the stream water distribution pipes are parallel to each other, and each of the filtrate water pipes are connected to the filtrate water pipe at a right angle so that the filtrate water pipes are parallel to each other. River water quality improvement device through soil filtration. The water quality improvement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the filtrate water collecting pipe is connected to the filtrate water collecting tank directly radially without passing through the filtrate water pipe. In the operation of the river water quality improvement device through the soil filtration of any one of claims 1 to 3, in the step of supplying the river water to the surface of the soil through the discharge water through the river water pumping room, river water pipe, river water distribution pipe Stream water quality improvement method through soil filtration characterized in that the intermittent supply of river water. The method of claim 4, wherein the sewage treatment plant effluent is supplied instead of the river water to further purify the sewage treatment plant effluent, and then discharged to the stream.