JP4877451B2 - 圧電素子の製造方法及び液体噴射ヘッド - Google Patents
圧電素子の製造方法及び液体噴射ヘッド Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 149
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910020215 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3PbTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013212 metal-organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
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- B41J2/1607—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/161—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
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- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
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- H10N30/074—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing
- H10N30/077—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing by liquid phase deposition
- H10N30/078—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing by liquid phase deposition by sol-gel deposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/074—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing
- H10N30/079—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by depositing piezoelectric or electrostrictive layers, e.g. aerosol or screen printing using intermediate layers, e.g. for growth control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
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- H10N30/8548—Lead-based oxides
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- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
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- B41J2002/14241—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm having a cover around the piezoelectric thin film element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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Description
かかる第1の態様では、多数の種チタンから圧電体層の結晶が成長するため、圧電体層の結晶性が向上する。また、同一基板内での圧電体層の特性が均一化される。
かかる第2の態様では、種チタン層を所定の厚さで形成することで、圧電体層の特性がさらに均一化される。
かかる第3の態様では、種チタン層の膜密度が所定値以上となるようにすることで、圧電体層の特性がさらに均一化される。
かかる第4の態様では、種チタン層の表層に形成される自然酸化膜である酸化層によって、圧電体層の結晶成長が阻害されることがなく、圧電体層の特性がより確実に向上し且つ均一化される。
かかる第5の態様では、圧電体層の結晶が良好に成長するため、圧電体層の結晶性がより確実に向上する。
かかる第6の態様では、圧電素子の変位特性を均一化した液体噴射ヘッドを実現することができる。
(実施形態1)
図1は、本発明の実施形態1に係るインクジェット式記録ヘッドを示す分解斜視図であり、図2は、図1の平面図及び断面図である。図示するように、流路形成基板10は、本実施形態では面方位(110)のシリコン単結晶基板からなり、その一方の面には予め熱酸化により形成した二酸化シリコンからなる、厚さ0.5〜2μmの弾性膜50が形成されている。流路形成基板10には、複数の圧力発生室12がその幅方向に並設されている。また、流路形成基板10の圧力発生室12の長手方向外側の領域には連通部13が形成され、連通部13と各圧力発生室12とが、各圧力発生室12毎に設けられたインク供給路14を介して連通されている。なお、連通部13は、後述する保護基板のリザーバ部と連通して各圧力発生室12の共通のインク室となるリザーバの一部を構成する。インク供給路14は、圧力発生室12よりも狭い幅で形成されており、連通部13から圧力発生室12に流入するインクの流路抵抗を一定に保持している。
スパッタ条件を、圧力:0.8(Pa)、出力:100(W)、温度:室温(RT)とし、チタンを0.5nmの厚さで40回スパッタすることにより、厚さが約20nmの種チタン層を形成した。
チタンを20nmの厚さで1回スパッタするようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の条件で種チタン層を形成した。
スパッタ圧力を3.0(Pa)とした以外は、比較例1と同様の条件で種チタン層を形成した。
上述した手順で流路形成基板用ウェハ上に弾性膜、絶縁体膜及び下電極膜を形成し、この下電極膜上にスパッタ法によりチタン(Ti)を約0.5nmの厚さで2回スパッタして厚さ約1.0nmの種チタン層を形成した。そして、この種チタン層上に、上述したようにゾル−ゲル法により圧電体層を形成した。なお、種チタン層を形成する際のスパッタ圧力は0.8Paとした。
チタンを約1.0nmの厚さで1回スパッタして種チタン層を形成した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で圧電体層を形成した。
チタンを約0.5nmの厚さで1回スパッタして種チタン層を形成した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で圧電体層を形成した。
上記実施例2及び比較例3,4に係る各圧電体層をX線回折広角法によって測定し、そのときの回折強度の分布(ばらつき)を調べた。具体的には、流路形成基板用ウェハの中心を基準として半径方向に0,25,50,60mm離れた位置で、それぞれ圧電体層のX線回折測定を行った。このときの(100)面に相当する回折強度(ピーク強度)の分布を図7に示す。なお、各測定点はほぼ直線上に位置している。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、上述した実施形態に限定されるものではない。また、上述した実施形態においては、液体噴射ヘッドの一例としてインクジェット式記録ヘッドを例示したが、本発明は、広く液体噴射ヘッドの全般を対象としたものであり、インク以外の液体を噴射するものにも勿論適用することができる。その他の液体噴射ヘッドとしては、例えば、プリンタ等の画像記録装置に用いられる各種の記録ヘッド、液晶ディスプレー等のカラーフィルタの製造に用いられる色材噴射ヘッド、有機ELディスプレー、FED(面発光ディスプレー)等の電極形成に用いられる電極材料噴射ヘッド、バイオchip製造に用いられる生体有機物噴射ヘッド等が挙げられる。さらに、本発明の圧電素子の製造方法は、液体噴射ヘッドに利用されるものに限定されるものではなく、他のあらゆる装置、例えば、マイクロホン、発音体、各種振動子、発信子等に搭載される圧電素子及びその製造方法にも適用できることは言うまでもない。
Claims (6)
- 基板の一方面側に設けられた下電極と、該下電極上に設けられた鉛、ジルコニウム及びチタンを含む圧電体層と、該圧電体層上に設けられた上電極とからなる圧電素子の製造方法であって、
前記基板上に形成した前記下電極上にチタン(Ti)を少なくとも2回以上スパッタして種チタン層を形成する工程と、該種チタン層上に圧電材料を塗布して圧電体前駆体膜を形成すると共に該圧電体前駆体膜を焼成して結晶化させることで前記圧電体層を形成する工程とを有し、
前記種チタン層を形成する工程では、1回のスパッタで形成される前記種チタン層の厚さが0.2〜0.8nmであることを特徴とする圧電素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の圧電素子の製造方法において、前記種チタン層を1〜10nmの厚さで形成することを特徴とする圧電素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の圧電素子の製造方法において、前記種チタン層の膜密度が4.5g/cm3以上であることを特徴とする圧電素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の圧電素子の製造方法において、前記種チタン層の表層の酸化層の厚さが2.0nm未満であることを特徴とする圧電素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の圧電素子の製造方法において、前記種チタン層が非晶質であることを特徴とする圧電素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の製造方法によって製造された圧電素子を具備する液体噴射ヘッド。
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US9761785B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2017-09-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Stylo-epitaxial piezoelectric and ferroelectric devices and method of manufacturing |
US8866367B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2014-10-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Thermally oxidized seed layers for the production of {001} textured electrodes and PZT devices and method of making |
JP6209383B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-24 | 2017-10-04 | エスアイアイ・プリンテック株式会社 | 液体噴射ヘッド、液体噴射装置及び液体噴射ヘッドの製造方法 |
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